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TRANSACTIONS
OF THE
AMERICAN
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
VOLUME LXVI
Hall of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
LOGAN SQUARE
1940
Wickersham Printing Co.
Lancaster, Pa.
LIST OF PAPERS
Bsquaebt (J.)
Notes on Oriental Polistes Wasps. (Hymenoptera:
Vespidae) .265
(Issued December 6, 1940)
Blaisdell (Frank E., Sr.)
A Monographic Study of the Species Belonging to the
Melyrid Genus Trichochroides. (Coleoptera) .283
(Issued January 31, IWl)
Studies in the Mclyridae. No. 12. (Coleoptera) .... 319
(Issued January 31, 1941)
Braun (Annette F.i
Notes and New Species in the Yponomeutid Group.
(Microlepidoptera) . 273
(Issued December 31, 1940)
Fox (Richard M.)
A Generic Review of the Ithomiinae. (Lepidoptcra:
Nymphalidae) . 161
(Issued September 18, 1940)
IjIN&ley (E. Gorton)
A Revision of the Genus Oreopasites. (Hymenoptera:
Nomadidae) .307
(Issued January 31, 1941)
Pate (V.S.L.)
The Taxonomy of the Oxj'beline Wasps. (Hymenop¬
tera : Sphecidae). I. A Review of the Genera Belomi-
croides, Brimocellus and Belomicrus, with Particular
Reference to the Nearctic Species. 1
(Issued April 29, 1940)
II. The Classification of the Genera Belomicrus and
Encheniicrum. 209
(Issued September 18, 1940)
Rehn (James A. G.)
The Application, Relationship and Species of Scyllina
and Scyllinops. (Orthoptera: Arcididae; Acridinae) 101
(IsBoed May 23, IMO)
Robinson (Mabk)
Studies in the Scarabaeidae. (Coleoptera). II.141
(Issued July 25, 1940)
Williams (R. C.) and Bell (Ernest L.)
New Neotropical Hesperiidae and Notes on Others.
(Lepidoptera) . 121
(Issued May 23, 1940)
TRANSACTIONS
OF THE
AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
VOLUME LXVI
THE TAXONOMY OF THE OXYBELINE WASPS
^ (HYMENOPTERA: SPHECIDAE)
I. A Review of the Genera Belomicroides, Brimocelus,
and Belomicrus with particular reference to
the Nearctic Species
BY S. L. PATE
(U)nicU Vnir'crsify and Rc6carch Associate,
The Acad(my of Xatural Sciences of Philaddphia
(Plato*' I and II)
There is no group of the Sphecoid wasp< which, on the whole',
is more interesting or highly specialized than the Ox^^belincs,
yet half a century has elajised since any comprehensive treatment
of the North American form< has appeared. In the years inter¬
vening between 1889, when Robertson i)resented his modest little
synopsis of the North American species of Oxyhelus,^ and the
outbreak of the World War in 1914, these curious and bizarre
little forms attracted the attention of various investigators on
this continent, particularly Baker, Cockerell and Rohwer.
During that i)criod, papers describing new forms appeared spor¬
adically from time to time, increasing the number of species
from the fourteen recognized by Robertson to a sum total of
some seventy species. With the publication of each paper,
^ Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., xvi, pp. 77-85, (1889).
( 1 )
vm
LIST OP MEMBERS
Bbthune-Baker, George T., 9 Eversfield-road, Eastbourne,
England.
Bbthune, Charles J., Port Hope, Canada.
Blaisdbll, Frank E., 1520 Lake Street, San Francisco, Cali¬
fornia.
Blatchley, William S., Box 374, Dunedin, Florida.
Bruner, Lawrence, 3033 Deakin Street, Berkeley, California.
Carpenter, George H., The Manchester Museum, The Univer¬
sity of Manchester, England.
Chopard, Lucien, 22 Square Arago, Paris 13c, Prance.
Cockerell, Theodore D. A., University of Colorado, Boulder,
Colorado.
Comstock, John H., 123 Roberts Place, Ithaca, New York.
Davis, William M., University Museum, Cambridge, Massa¬
chusetts.
Escherich, K., Universitat, Prinzenstr. 26, Miinchen, Germany.
Pall, Henry C., Tyngsboro, Massachusetts.
Pelt, Ephraim P., Stamford, Connecticut.
Porel, August, Yvorne, Ct. de Vaud, Switzerland.
French, George II., Herrin, Illinois.
Gibson, Arihur, Entomological Branch, Department of Agri¬
culture, Ottawa, Canada.
Hampson, George P., Thurnham Court, Maidstone, Kent, Eng¬
land.
Handlirsch, Anton, Naturhistorische Museum, Wien, Austria.
Hendel, Friedrich, Darwingasse 30, Wien II, Austria.
Henshaw, Samuel, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cam¬
bridge, Massachusetts.
Holland, William J., 5545 Forbes Street, Pittsburgh, Penn¬
sylvania.
Horn, Walther, Deutsche entomologische Institut, Berlin-
Dahlem, Germany.
Horvath, Geza, v., Section Zoology, Musee National Hongrois,
Budapest, Hungary.
Howard, L. 0., U. S. Department Agriculture, Washington,
D. C.
Jordan, Karl, Zoological Museum, Tring, Herts, England.
Kellogg, Vernon L., National Research Council, 1701 Massa¬
chusetts Avenue, Washington, D. C.
Kolbe, H. Josef, Steinackerstr. 12, Berlin-Lichterfelde W.,
Germany.
Lameere, Augusts, 74 rue Defacqz, Bruxelles, Belgium.
Leng, Charles W., Public Museum, Staten Island, New York.
Marchal, Paul, 45 rue de VerriSrese, Antony (Siene), France.
Marlatt, Charles L., U. S. Department of Agriculture, Wash¬
ington, D. C.
LIST OF MEMBERS
IX
Mbngbl, Levi W., Public Museum & Art Gallery, Reading, Penn¬
sylvania.
Morse, Albert P., Peabody Museum, Salem, Massachusetts.
Nason, William A., Algonquin, Illinois.
Needham, James G., 6 Thurston Avenue, Ithaca, New York.
Nuttall, George H. F., 3 Cranmer Road, Cambridge, England.
Osborn, Herbert, State University, Columbus, Ohio.
PouLTON, Edward B., Wykeham House, Banbury-road, Oxford,
England.
Riley, Norman D., British Museum of Natural History, South
Kensington, England.
Ris, Friedrich, Rheinau, Canton Zurich, Switzerland.
Rothschiij), Walter, Zoological Museum, Tring, Herts, Eng¬
land.
ScHAUS, William, U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C.
ScHOUTEDEN, Henri, 5 rue St. Michel, Woluwe, St. Pierre,
Bruxelles, Belgium.
Sevbrin, G., 31 rue Vautier, Bruxelles, Belgium.
SiLVESTRi, Filippo, Laboratorio di Zoologia, R. Scuola, Sup. Agri-
coltura, Portici, Italy.
Sjostedt, Brov Y., Riksmuseet, Stockholm 50, Sweden.
ThiLYabd, R. J., Cawthon Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.
UvAROv, B., British Museum of Natural History, South Kensing¬
ton, London, England.
Van Duzee, Edward P., California Academy Science, San Fran¬
cisco, California.
Van Dyke, Edwin C., Agriculture Hall, University of Cali¬
fornia, Berkeley, California.
Walker, Edward M., University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada.
Wasmann, Erich, Ignatius Kolleg, Valkenburg (L.), Holland.
Wheeler, William M., Bussey Institute, Forest Hills, Boston,
Massachusetts.
WiLLUMsoN, E. B., Bluffton, Indiana.
TRANSACTIONS
OF THE
AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
VOLUME LVI
NOTES AND NEW SPECIES OF MICROLEPIDOPTERA
FROM THE MINERAL SPRINGS REGION OF
ADAMS COUNTY, OHIO
BY ANNETTE F. BRAUN,
CineinnaH, Ohio
The Mineral Springs region of Adams County, Ohio, lying at
the western edge of the Allegheny Plateau, includes a number of
diverse habitats, varying from typical prairie, identical with that
of the prairie states of the Mississippi Valley repion, to the mixed
forest of the Allegheny foothills. Some of its plant communities
are isolated relics, with a characteristic vegetation very similar
to that of remote areas; others exhibit the general regional type
of vegetation. It is to be expected that such a region would
yield some interesting entomological material. The limited
amount of collecting done here up to this time indicates that such
is the case. The microlepidopterous fauna in general shows
afBmities with that of the Allegheny Plateau, but some species,
such as Stenoptilia coloradensis Fern., Stereomita andropogonis
Braun, Eucoma grotiam Kearf., Epermenia bidentata Braun, and
presumably several of the new species described below are un¬
doubtedly western in their range.
TBANB. AM. INT. BOO., LVI.
2
NEW NORTH AMERICAN MICROLEPIDOPTBRA
Gelechiidae
Arittotelia iMpedezae new species
Lower part of face white, head tawny brown; palpi white,
second segment with black subbasal and subapical annuli, third
segment longer than second, anterior edge narrowly white, a fine
black line edging this on either side, and marked with basal, sub¬
median and postmechan black bars, the last on the outer surface
and occasionally on the inner surface extended to apex and some¬
times produced basally to join the submedian bar. Antennae
black, annulate with white. Thorax brown, the tegulae rarely
darker anteriorly. Fore wings bright brown, inclining toward
tawny, and in the most deeply roseate specimens, showing some
of the roseate tinge in the ground color. Basal brown area uni¬
form in color from costa to dorsum with a white spot on costa at
base, and edged posteriorly by a straight oblique line of black
scales to below fold. An oblique white fascia at basal fourth,
dusted with fuscous and suffused with deep rose pink except
toward costa An angulated white median fascia, suffused rosy
except on costa and dusted with fuscous, the large black first
discal spot projecting into it from the angle of the brown ground
color, and the plical spot forming a small black dot on its anterior
margin; at its outer angle the second black discal spot projects as a
V into the more ocherous roundish patch which divides the ground
color on the cell. Opposite costal and dorsal spots at three-
fourths, the dorsal entirely suffused with deep rose, the costal
sometimes white near costa, these spots separated by a narrow
patch of ground color and a black dash, whose inner end is marked
by two or three white scales. The costal of the pair of spots is
sometimes divided on costa by a black spot, and is followed by
two more rosy spots, separated from it and from one another by
black spots; a black dot immediately before apex; a rosy patch on
termen at apex, sometimes extended to include the last costal
rosy spot, and below middle of termen a smaller rosy patch,
edged with black scales. Outer row of scales around apex and
termen gray, followed by a pale brownish shade and outwardly a
gray shade in cilia. Hind wings and cilia rather dark gray, cilia
white-tipped around apex. Legs marked with alternate black
and white bars. Expanse, 11 to 13 mm.
Type. —o’; Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio, imago July 23,
1928, (reared from a larva webbing leaves of Lespedeza hirta).
Paraiypes .—3 cT, 8 9 ; Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio, July
17-26, 1928 ; 2 o’; Natural Bridge, Powell County, Kentucky,
June 20, 1922; all reared on Lespedeza hirta.
ANNETTE F. BRAUN
3
Type and ten paratypes in the author's collection; paratypes
in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, the United
States National Museum and Meyrick Collection.
The larvae spin webs, usually near the top of the plant; in the
case of the younger larvae, the web spreads from the stem onto
the underside of a leaf, and the larva leaves the upper epidermis
untouched; later the web enlarges, bending and almost enveloping
some of the leaves, and the entire leaf is eaten. The young larva
is greenish, the older larva gra3rish green, with prothoracic shield
black and body marked with longitudinal red lines.
There is apparently but one generation a year; larvae collected
at the end of June and beginning of July in Ohio yielded imagoes
July 17 to 26, 1928; the larvae of the two Kentucky specimens
were found May 28 and produced imagoes June 20, 1922.
This species belongs in the roseosuffusella group, exhibiting the
same general type of markings. The distinguishing characters of
A . lespedezae are the uniform color of head, thorax and fore wings,
especially the basal area of the fore wings, the deep rose pink,
almost crimson suffusion of the pale markings (deepest in the
female), and the conspicuous discal and plical spots. From
A, callirrhoda Meyrick, its closest ally, it is in particular separated
by the greater proportion of brown, the straight posterior edge of
the basal brown area, which in callirrhoda is obtusely bent in
middle, extension of second brown fascia to dorsum and differ¬
ences in the apical markings.
Aristotelia psoraleae new species
Head pale drab; second segment of palpi white, with black
subbasal and subapical annuli, the latter sometimes obsolete,
third segment much longer, black, with anterior edge from near
base to apex white, and a white spot on each face near base, a
second white submedian spot usually present in females; antennae
black with white annulations. Thorax drab, sometimes with
median black and submedian leaden longitudinal lines; tegulae
black in anterior, white or grayish in posterior half. Markings
of fore wing as in roseosuffusella, but dorsal area below fold largely
mixed with fuscous and leaden scales, the clear ocherous only
remaining immediately beneath the black bars. Base of wing
white, shading to fuscous and leaden on dorsum; a triangular
black bar beyond extending to fold; a white fascia beyond this;
median black bar truncated on fold and sending an oblique pro-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
4
NEW NOBTH AMERICAN MICBOLEPIDOPTEBA
jeotion upward from angle into the angulated second white
lasoia; both white fasciae dusted with fuscous and faintly suffused
with rose on dorsum, the second fascia on its outer margin at
dorsum bearing a clear pink spot; blackish ground color beyond
second fascia broken on disk by a round ocherous spot, indented
on its inner side by the black second discal spot; a very oblique
wUte spot at three-fourths of costa becomes attenuated in the
middle of the wing often ending in an inwardly concave white
line which partially encloses the round ocherous patch; its cor¬
responding spot at tomus smaller, triangular, erect and rosy
tinged; a narrow quadrate white patch over extreme apex and
upper half of termen, preceded on costa by a group of black scales
and followed below on termen by two similar groups of black
scales which are often confluent. Cilia pale drab, basal line
often black below apex, followed by a second dark gray line.
Hind wings and cilia gray, the latter tinged with ocherous at base,
white-tipped around apex, and marked near tips around apex with
a distinct p-ay shade; cilia notched between veins 4 and 5 and
between veins 5 and 6; membrane of wing correspondingly slightly
excavated. liOgs marked with alternate black and white bars,
the third and fourth on hind tibiae usually confluent. Expanse,
13 to 15 mm.
Type. —o'; Turkey Creek, Adams County, Ohio, imago
September 12, 1928, (reared from a larva webbing leaves of
Paoralea Onobrychis). Paratypes .— 1 o', 4 ? ; all reared, imagoes
September 9 to 12, 1928.
Type and four paratypes in author’s collection; one paratype in
Meyrick Collection.
Larvae nearly full pown were collected August 20, 1928 in
prairie areas along Turkey Creek, in Adams County, Ohio. The
larva draws the leaflets toward the upper part of the stem some¬
what together, so as to form a sort of cup open upward; within
and across this it stretches a web, within which it lives and feeds,
leaving the lower epidermis of the leaflets intact. Hung in the
main web is a denser tubular part to which the larva retreats
when not feeding. A spindle-shaped cocoon, of very fine cob¬
webby silk, much attenuated at both ends, is spun between leaves
in the breeding jar. There seems to be but one generation a year,
as the food plant showed no signs of previous feeding.
Larva with head and first thoracic segment pale; a large black
spot on each side of middle of thoracic shield; remaining segments
with six dark reddish longitudinal stripes.
ANNETTE F. BRAUN
5
This species is closest to A. roaeoauffitadla Clem., from which
it may however be easily distinguished by the general darker
color, with grayish cast, especially along dorsum, and the much
larger size.
Recurvaria consimilis new species
Palpi with second joint black, a narrow white annulus beyond
middle sometimes obsolete, and tip white; third segment white,
base very narrowly black, two black annuli, the second broader
and beyond middle. Antennae black, faintly annulate. Face
white, with scattered black scales on crown, head predominantly
black above. Thorax and fore wings black, with scattered bluish
white scales; a black spot near base of dorsum, a minute patch of
raised black scales at base of fold; three larger such patches in a
row, the first two below fold, the third above, each edged behind
with bluish white scales, and a fourth smaller patch just beyond
dorsal arm of fascia; above the second of the row a smaller similar
patch; black spots on costa at basal third, middle and two-thirds;
the third inwardly margins on costa a narrow sinuate white
fascia, sometimes obsolete; when distinct its costal arm is curved,
outwardly concave, its dorsal arm nearly straight and perpen¬
dicular. Cilia dark gray, scales at base white, black-tipped, on
dorsum paler. Hind wings silvery gray, deeper toward apex, and
cilia concolorous. Legs black, with white bands. Expanse,
8.5 to 9.5 mm.
Type. —c?; Mineral Springs, Adams County, Ohio, imago July
23, 1928, (reared from a miner of leaves of Jersey tea, Ceandthw
americanus). Paratypes .—1 cf, 6 ? ; Mineral Springs and Beech
Fork, Adams County, Ohio, all reared, imagoes July 20 to 30,
1928.
Type and five paratypes in the author’s collection; paratypes
in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and in the
United States National Museum.
Mined leaves were collected the last of June. The reddish
brown mine is usually placed in the upper half of the leaf and
starts as a tubular gallery, its entrance, through which the frass is
ejected in the earlier mining period, covered with silk; digitately
branching, but finally expanding into a blotch covering most of
the tip of the leaf, with frass scattered; the blotch is sometimes
formed in a new leaf, but has the same tubular entrance gallery.
Pupa in cocoon between leaves or amongst trash.
OSANB. AH. XNT. SOC., LVI.
6
NEW NOBTH AMERICAN MICROLEPIDOPTBRA
A typical Beeurmria in venational and genitalic characters, and
resembling in general appearance most closely B. nigra Busck.
From this species it differs in the absence of purple luster, the
fewer paired patches of raised scales, the pale hind wings, and
smaller size. In larval habits and appearance of mine it agrees
exactly with the Pacific Coast B. ceanothiella Braun, but the
imagoes are easily distinguished.
TelidiuM amelanchiwella new species
Face whitish gray, head gray; palpi with second segment black
outwardly, with two whitish narrow annuli, one near, the second
at tip; third segment black, with two annuli and tip white;
antennae dark gray, annulate with white. Thorax and fore
wings gray, rather evenly dusted with bluish white scales; minute
black spots at base of costa and at base of fold; blackish patches
on costa at one-fourth, middle and two-thirds, the last the largest;
at one-fourth an oblique row of three dots of raised black scales,
the first just below costa, but included in the blackish costal
patch; within the costa but included in the second costal spot is
usually a minute and blacker raised dot, and beneath it on disk
and in fold, raised black dots; beneath the third costal spot a pair
of raised black dots at end of cell; at tornus a black or sli^tly
darkened spot; all of the raised black dots are margined with a
few brown scales; exct'pt for these brown scales, there is an entire
absence of brownish tint on the fore wings. Black dots around
apex at base of cilia, usually larger and more distinct on termen.
Hind winp pale silvery gray, scarcely or not at all darkening
toward apex; cilia concolorous, bases ocherous. Underside of
body and basal segments of legs silvery; otherwise legs black,
banded with white; hind tibiae silvery inwardly; hairs above
faintly ocherous. Expanse, 9.5 to 10.5 mm.
Type. —o'; Mineral Springs, Adams County, Ohio, imago July
24, 1928. Paratypes .—3 cT, 49; same locality, imagoes July
23 to 27, 1928, (all reared from larvae feeding between leaves of
service berry, Amelanchier canadensis, toward the end of June,
1928.
Type and five paratypes in author’s collection; paratypes in
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and in United States
National Museum.
The larva is pale greenish without markings or darker tubercle
spots; reddish just before pupation; pupa in silk cocoon between
leaves.
ANNETTE F. BBAUN
7
At first glance the imago is almost indistinguishable from
7. fvscapunctella Clemens; constant points of difference are,
however, the absence of all brown tints except for the few brown
scales edging the dots of raised black scales, and the almost
uniform pale silvery color of the hind wings. In early stages,
easily distinguished from that species by the different food plant
and the absence of dark markings on the larva.
Stomopteryx adversa new species
Head and face black; palpi black, second segment shaded with
bluish white on upper half of inner side, tip white, third segment
marked with three longitudinal white lines; antennae black, a
longitudinal white line on anterior edge of basal and succeeding
three segments, each of foUowing segments with a white dot on
anterior and posterior sides respectively. Thorax black. Fore
wings, vein 6 out of vein 7; black, with faint irroration due to
paler and bluish bases of scales except along middle of wing;
minute white dots at four-fifths and end of cell and on middle of
fold; sometimes faintly indicated oblique fine streaks at two-
thirds of costa. Cilia blackish. Hind wings and cilia dark gray.
Legs dark gray, slightly bronzy, tips of hind tarsi faintly paler.
Expanse, 13 to 13.5 mm.
Type, —cf; Turkey Creek, Adams County, Ohio, imago
September 11, 1928, (reared from larva between leaflets of
Psoralea Onobrychis), Paratypes, —4cf, 2 9 ; September 7 to 15,
all reared, from the same locality.
Type and five paratypes in author’s collection; one paratype in
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
Nearly full-grown larvae were collected August 20, 1928, in
prairies along Turkey Creek, at a time when most of the larvae
had finished feeding and deserted the leaves. The margins of the
opposing leaflets are brought together, so as to form a roomy
chamber, with upper surfaces in. The upper epidermis and
parenchyma are eaten in patches, usually chiefly on only one of
the leaflets; a circular hole for ejection of frass is cut in one leaflet.
On some of the smaller leaves, there is some variation in habit,
with the apical leaflet also included.
Young larva: head brownish, with two posterior dorsal dots;
each segment broadly banded with dark plum, sutures pale;
first thoracic segment with a V-shaped mark, apex at anterior
edge, ends of arms at posterior suture, on each side of V a more
or less quadrate dark plum-colored spot; remaining bands darkest
each side of middle, with tubercle spots darker, producing the
TRABS. AM. XNT. SOC., LVI.
8 NEW NOBTH AMERICAN MICROLEPIDOFTERA
effect of a paler middorsal spot. In the full-grown larva the
transverse bands are broken into pale spots on wmch lie the much
darker tubercle spots.
Allied to S. erotalariella Busck and S. anthyttidella Hbn.
(palptlineella Busck, 1903, not Chambers), and agreeing with these
two species in general characters of the palpi and in wing pro¬
portions, but differing from both in the distinct discal and puoal
dots, and in markings of the antennae.
Stomopteryx anthyllidella Htibner
In Busck’s 1903 Revision of Gelechiidae, the name palpUineella
Chambers is applied to the small clover-leaf folding species, and
the identification is based upon supposed types in the Museum
of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, representing two species,
the clover-feeding Stomopteryx and Aristotelia minimella Cham¬
bers. The original palpUineella was described from Texas and is
compared with nigrella in size (3^ inch); the palpi are described as
white with black lines. Later^ Chambers refers to six Kentucky
specimens taken at light, which he doubtfully identifies as
palpUineella, but points out that these specimens show, instead of
the fascia, opposite costal and dorsal spots. It would appear
that the types at Cambridge are from this Kentucky series and
do not truly represent palpUineella, which is a larger species, more
western in distribution, with a white fascia and white palpi
marked on the third segment with black lines, instead of opposite
costal and dorsal spots and black palpi with apex of second
segment white and third segment marked with white lines, as in
the eastern clover-feeder, which is identical with the European
anthyllidella. Comparison of the clover-feeder with European
specimens by Mr. Meyiick confirms this conclusion.
Anacampsis grUaefascialla Chambers
This species, placed in our lists as a synonym of Anacampsis
conclueella Walker, is separated from that species by the presence
of two black annuli, a submedian and a subapical, on the third
segment of the labial palpus, and by the tendency for Ms and
Cui* (veins 3 and 4) of the fore wings to be connate or stalked.
The white fascia at three-fourths is usually more sharply sepa¬
rated from the ground color, especially on its inner side, than is
the similar fascia of A, concluaella. Anacampeie condusella
iBuU. Geol. Surv. Terr., iv, 88 (1878)
ANNETTB F. BRATTN
9
(synonym A. iephriaseUa Chambers) has on the third segment
of the labial palpus a subapical dark annulus, with merely a
patch of scattered black dusting before middle, and Mi and Cuj.
of the fore wing are always separate. Both species agree in
general type of wing markings and in the peculiar markinp of the
antennae.
COSMOPTEBYGIDAB
Cosmopteryx magophila Meyrick
1919. Cotmopteryx magophila Meyrick, Exot. Microlep., n, (9), p. 282.
Three specimens of this species were reared from larvae mining
in leaves of Desmodium sp., Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio.
Mined leaves collected July 19, 1927; imagoes August 12 to 16,
1927; one flown specimen, same locality, August 18, 1927.
The mine begins at the midrib, spreading outward and upward
between two lateral veins; in that part of the early mine adjacent
to the lower of the lateral veins between which it lies, the paren¬
chyma is left in narrow transverse bars, giving the mine a very
characteristic aspect; as the mine increases, it extends beyond the
confines of the two veins, with irregular projections and paren¬
chyma all consumed. Pupa formed within the mine beneath the
transverse bars, which are here lined with silk forming a tubular
pupal chamber.
Elachistidab
S tcphenua cunilae new species
Head dark bronzy; labial palpi very short, almost minute,
blackish bronzy; antennae finely pubescent in male, basal third
dark bronzy, each segment of outer two-thirds marked above with
a silvery spot. Thorax and extreme base of fore wing dark red¬
dish bronzy; rest of wing dark brown almost black, with faint
bronzy luster. Markings pale golden, consisting of a subbasal
pale golden fascia, a second narrower fascia before middle of wing,
a perpendicular spot at tornus reaching half way across the wing,
a small curved costal spot beyond, and a spot at apex of wing,
usually arrowhead in shape and connected with the costal spot.
Hind wings and cilia dark gray. Fore and middle legs dark
bronzy, hind legs blackish, with median and apical white bars
on tibiae. Upper side of abdomen bronzy, under side pale golden
Expanse, 6.5 to 7 mm.
TBAKS. AM. KKT. BOO., LVI.
10
NEW NORTH AMERICAN MICROLEPIDOPTERA
Type.—(S '; Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio, imago Septem¬
ber 6,1928 (reared from a blotch mine in leaves of CunUa origan^
oidee). Paratypee. —^2d’, 2 9 ; July 11 to 18,1928, Beaver Pond;
Icf; September 10, Mineral Springs, Adams County, Ohio; all
reared.
Type and four paratypes in author’s collection; one paratype in
Meyrick collection.
Mined leaves were collected at the end of June and again in the
latter part of August and yielded moths in July and September
respectively. The mine starts near the midrib and usually
extends to the tip of the leaf, narrow at first, later expanding into
a blotch, with all parenchyma consumed and frass retained within
the mine. When starting near the tip of the leaf, the early mine
is entirely obliterated by the blotch. A series of fine folds in the
lower epidermis spreading out funnel-shaped from the earlier part
crumples the leaf somewhat. The entire mine exhibits a peculiar
and characteristic grayish color. The larva leaves the mine by a
slit in the lower epidermis.
Larva yellowish white, with well developed thoracic legs; head
black, first thoracic segment with a black transversely elliptical
patch, divided in middle by a longitudinal white line. Pupa in a
fold of leaf beneath a sheet of fine white silk; without the tubercles
or ridges characteristic of Elachista. The egg, observed on the
lower side of leaves mined by the second generation of larvae, is
of the erect type. It is conical in shape, with perpendicular sharp
ridges, and dark gray in color.
The agreement in larval habits with the only other previously
known species of the genus (European), also a miner in leaves of a
labiate, is quite remarkable. In imaginal structure, however, this
species differs in several characters: Mi and Rs (veins 6 and 7) of
the fore wing are coincident, and the resulting vein becomes
obsolete toward apex; from its direction and shape it is derived
from these two veins; it is directed slightly toward termen, at its
tip thus following the course of Mi; M* (vein 4) of the hind wing
is absent; the labial palpi are very short, almost minute, and lie
close alongside the tongue. The degree of variation is however
no greater than that shown in the allied genus Elachista.
ANNETTE F. BRAUN
11
Gracilariidae
Lithocolletis intermixta new species
Palpi white, fuscous outwardly; face white; tuft white, with
occasional brownish ocherous hairs in the center, wholly brownish
ocherous laterally; antennae silve^ white anteriorly, pale fuscous
posteriorly. Thorax and fore wings variable in ground color,
brownish ocherous to golden; a broad white line across anterior
margin of thorax and tegulae is continuous with a rather broad
straight median basal streak, extending to just beyond one-third,
and faintly dark margined toward costa in its outer half; dorsal
margin narrowly white below middle portion of basal streak;
four silvery white costal and three dorsal streaks, all dark mar¬
gined internally. First dorsal oblique, curved, its apex opposite
that of the smaller, but equally oblique, first costal; second pair
perpendicular, their apices curving outward, almost in contact;
third pair of streaks very narrow, especially in female, third dorsal
beyond third costal, but usually joined to it by a thin silvery line
across the middle of the wing. A streak of black scales in the
apex is more or less overlaid anteriorly with silvery scales. Cilia
whitish, marginal line brown, concolorous with dark margins of
the streaks. Hind wings and cilia gray, with distinct coppery
tinge. Hind legs whitish, with scarcely perceptible fuscous
shading. Underside of body silvery, abdomen above gray.
Expanse, 7 to 7.5 mm.
Ti/pe.— 9 ; Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio, imago April 25
1928. Paratypes, —1 cf, 1 9 ; imagoes April 17 and May 1, from
overwintering pupae; Id'; imago June 29, 1927, from a mine
collected June 19,1927; all from the same locality and reared from
tentiform mines on leaves of hazel, Corylus americana.
Type and paratypes in author’s collection.
The rather large, much wrinkled tentiform mine lies between
two lateral veins; most of the parenchyma is consumed, a few
patches in the center only remaining; the pupa is suspended in a
loose meshwork of silken threads. The overwintering pupae
were collected October 6; the first spring generation mines in
June; a later generation of mines has been observed at the end
of August. There is a very high percentage of parasitism, making
it difficult to secure a good series of the moths.
This species approaches closest to the alder-feeding speciesi,
incanella, alnij and alnicolella, but the distinctive characters are
intermediate between them. From alni and alnicolella it differs
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
12
NEW NOBTH AMERICAN MICBOLEPIDOFTBRA
in the more oblique first pair of streaks with no tendency to the
formation of a fascia; this pair of streaks is on the other hand, less
oblique than in incandla and the dorsal of the pair is broader than
in that species; from all three it is distinguished by the absence
of any scattered dark dusting.
The three specimens from overwintering pupae exhibit the
brighter golden ground color; the single specimen of the spring
generation is much duller and more brownish.
LithooolletU aberrans new species
Palpi white, dark brown on outer side; face white, tuft on head
of white and dark brown hairs intermingled; basal segment of
antennae and a few succeeding segments anteriorly white, re¬
mainder brown with whitish annulations. Thorax clothed with
white, brownish ocherous and brown scales intermixed. Fore
wings above a line from base of costa to tornus brownish ocherous,
with scales minutely and in apex more broadly brown tipped;
below this line white, with scales ocherous, brown or black tipped.
Two angulated white fasciae, at one-fourth and middle of wing
respectively, the costal arm the shorter and narrower; dark
margined on both sides, but more broadly inwardly; dark dusting
sometimes obscuring the dorsal arm of the first; the second fascia
divided at its angle by a longitudinal dash of black scales; a white
costal spot at three-fourths and an opposite tornal spot; the
tornal margined inwardly above dorsum by a curved oblique
streak of black scales, which is in turn edged inwardly with wlidte
scales; on disk at end of cell a small wMte spot from which an
oblique black streak proceeds to costa before apex; toward costa
edged above with white. Cilia white, with a line of black-tipped
white scales around apex and termen. Hind wings pale silvery
gray, cilia ocherous tinged. Legs white, tips of segments dark
brown, posterior tibiae with conspicuous diagonal dark brown
bands. Abdomen gray and brown above, silvery white beneath.
Expanse, 6 to 6.5 mm.
Type. —cf; Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio, imago Septem¬
ber 23, 1928. Paratypee. —^2c?', 4 9 ; same locality, imagoes
September 7 to 11, 1927, and September 18, 1928 (reared from
miners of leaves of Desmodium paniculatum and D. canescem).
Type and five paratypes in the author’s collection; one para-
type in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
The white blotch mines, with loosened epidermis very thin and
almost pure white, are placed on the upper side of the leaf. The
mine begins as a short irregular line which almost at once enlarges
ANNETTE P. BBAUN
13
to a blotch, at first much resembling that of Coptodiscaf except
that no parenchyma is eaten; as the blotch increases in extent it
obliterates the early part, finally occupying half or more of a
leaflet, and measuring four or more centimeters in length by one
in breadth. Several mines may begin near one another, becoming
confluent in the blotch stage, and thus a mine may appear to
contain more than one larva. The loosened epidermis is never
wrinkled, no silk being spun within the mine at any time, and no
parenchyma is eaten except during the last feeding instar; during
this instar—^the last few days of larval life—leaf tissue over an
irregular tract within the mine, or in scattered patches, in amount
not over one-fourth of that available, is eaten.
The larva is a sap-feeder, except in the last instar, and retains
the typical specialized mouth-parts and flattened form to within
two or three days of pupation; the dark maculae on the thoracic
segments are trapezoidal with the narrower side forward, more or
less elliptical on seven abdominal segments, with the last spot very
small. During the sap-feeding period, the mine attains its full
size; at the end of this period the larva retreats away from the
edge of the mine and moults. With this moult, it attains the
normal cylindrical form, with the usual tissue-feeding type of
mouth-parts, and well developed thoracic legs; the maculae still
remain faintly visible. The larva then feeds on the leaf tissue
for two or three days. Contrary to the usual habit during the
tissue-feeding stages in Lithocolletis, no silk is spun, and the
loosened epidermis is not wrinkled; the position of the cylindrical
larva in the mine is plainly evident by the elevated epidermis
above it. Without further moulting, it leaves the mine and spins
a smooth flat whitish silk cocoon (similar to that of the flat-larval
group of Lithocolletis or to that of Parectopa),
The mining period is apparently of about three weeks duration;
mines collected August 21, 1928 were just beyond the linear
stage; the blotch attained its full extent the first of September and
cocoon spinning took place the fourth or fifth of September, with
moths emerging September 18 to 23.
There is no evidence of more than one generation; all the mines
observed were on leaves toward the top of the plant, near the
inflorescence, indicating that the moth must live for a long period
before depositing its eggs.
TBANS. AH. XNT. 80C., LVI.
14
NEW NORTH AMERICAN MICROLEPIDOFTERA
The very remarkable larval structure and habits of this species,
which place it intermediate between the two heretofore recog¬
nized divisions of the genus, and the aberrant habit of leaving the
mine to pupate, have warranted the above more extended de¬
scription of the early stages. In imaginal structural characters^
the species is a typical Lithocolletis, but from captured specimens’
the student might feel some doubt as to which of the two groups
of the genus to assign it. It resembles somewhat in markings
and coloration, ceUifoliella of the cylindrical-larval group, but
in the angled fasciae, with straight arms, margined on both sides,
black-tipped scales of the apex, bordered inwardly by an oblique
black line running into the costal cilia, which in turn forms the
outer border of a white costal streak, it approaches the type of
marking of the flat-larval group. It thus seems in all stages to
be a form intermediate between the two groups, in which the
earlier less specialized habit of tissue feeding, and with it, the
normal tissue-feeding larval structure have persisted only in the
last feeding instar. The loss of the spinning habit while feeding
is a character of the sap-feeders of the genus, but cocoon-spinning
outside the mine is aberrant for both groups.
The species is apparently very rare; the few mines seen and
collected were found in 1927 on two groups of plants about a
quarter of a mile apart; in 1928 about a half dozen mines were
obtained from one of these groups, but none were seen on the
other. No other mines have been observed in the entire region,
although probably several thousand plants were examined. The
mine is very conspicious and would not easily escape notice.
Epermeniidak •
Epermenia bidentata Braun
1926. Epermenia bideniata Braun, Can. £nt., lvui, p. 48.
A single specimen of this species, previously known from the
type material from Manitoba, was reared from a larva webbing
and feeding in the bunches of flower buds of Comandra umbellata,
Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio, April 27,1928, and full grown
at that time; cocoon a coarse brownish network; imago, May 14,
1928. This is an unusual food plant for the genus, which is
generally confined to members of the Umbelliferae.
ANNETTE P. BRAUN
15
Lyonetiidae
Bucculatrix fugitims new species
Face pale straw-colored; antennal eye-caps shading from pale
straw to fulvous behind; antennal stalk blackish fuscous; tuft
fulvous; thorax anteriorly fulvous shading to brownish poste¬
riorly; extreme base of fore wings fulvous, concolorous with
thorax. Ground color of fore wings dark brown, almost black;
a moderately broad, slightly curved pale golden fascia at one-
fourth, followed just within the dorsal margin by a large black
scale tuft; a pale golden oblique spot at middle of costa; an
oblique golden tornal spot, and a slightly more posterior costal
spot placed beyond three-fourths; a small golden spot in apex;
cilia whitish, marginal line of brown scales sharply defined. Hind
wings and cilia dark gray. Body beneath pale golden. Legs
pale golden, hind tibiae and tarsi shaded with dark brown.
Expanse, 6 mm.
Type, —c?; Mineral Springs, Adams County, Ohio, imago July
30, 1928. Paratypes .—4 9 ; July 20 to 23, 1928, same locality;
all reared on hazel, Corylus americana.
Type and paratypes in author^s collection.
The very fine linear mine, usually starting near the midrib, is
often much contorted, especially in its earlier course, but some¬
times runs straight for a half inch or more; the length of the mine
depends on the texture of the individual leaf. The larva on
leaving the mine, and apparently before feeding exposed, spins
on the underside of the leaf, the first moulting cocoon; it then
feeds from the underside of the leaf, eating at first minute holes
in the leaf; the holes made by the nearly grown larvae are 3 or 4
mm. across. Very young external-feeding larva yellowish; after
the second moult outside the mine green, shaded with reddish,
setae very short. Cocoon reddish brown, short, stout.
The larvae from which the type series was reared were collected
June 27, 1928; at that time most of the larvae had left the mines
and were feeding externally. The species is not uncommon, but
the larvae, because of the remarkable resemblance in coloration
to the under surface of the leaf, are difficult to see.
The species is very distinct from all other species of our fauna.
TRAKS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
16
NEW NOBTH AMEBICAN MICBOLBPIDOPTEBA
Tineidae
DOLEROMORPHA new genus
Entire head densely rough-haired. Maxillary palpi long,
folded, folded portion exceeding the breadth of the face; labial
palpi porrected, second segment with bristly hairs outwardly near
apex, and rough scales inwardly, third segment shorter than
second, transversely flattened, obtuse. Tongue short. Anten¬
nae one-half the length of the fore wings; nearly smooth-scaled,
whorls distinctly divergent only in apical third, finely pubescent
in male. Hind tibiae smooth-scaled. Fore wings elongate
ovate, all veins present; R 4 and Rt short stalked, Rt to costa;
accessory cell present; base of R and R, obsolete; Ri and Cuu
arising opposite one another near end of cell, cell broadened
posteriorly; discal vein weak; 1st A (lb) simple; frenulum
retinaculum from membrane near costa. Hind wings a little
over one-half, of almost equal width throughout, costa arched,
apex obtusely rounded; cilia 1 ; M 3 absent; Sc strong to 4/6 of
costa; base of R. obsolete, R. to costa near apex; Mi to termen,
medial stem faint; R„ Mi and Ms nearly parallel from middle of
wing and equidistant; Cui strongly tubular, forked opposite
point of separation of R* and Mi and Ms, Cuia parallel to Ms, cell
open between Cui, ahd Ms; upper fork of 1 st A (lb) obsolete.
Genotype: Doleromorpha 'porphyria new species.
Doleromorpha is apparently related to Chloropleca Wlsm.
(Cyane Chambers), which it approaches in configuration of veins,
especially of the fore wing and of anals in the hind wing, but differs
in the much narrower hind wing, with cell open between Ms and
Cui„ and the long stem of Cui. The form of the cell of the fore
wing and position of Rs and branches of Cui suggest Inourvariid
affinities, but the wings are not aculeate.
Doleromorpha porphyria new species
Head rusty ocherous; palpi pale ocherous, labial brownish
outwardly; antennae black. Thorax and fore wings dark purple-
brown; three lines in cilia. Hind wings pale golden brown, lus¬
trous, paler toward base; darker and grayish tinged in female.
Underside of both pairs of wings with golden luster, purple
tinged in male, more deeply purple in female. Le^ pale golden
fuscous. Expanse, 7 to 8.5 mm.
ANNETTE r. BRAUN
17
Type. —cf; Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio, July 19,1927.
Paratypea. —6cf, 3 9 ; Mineral Springs and Peach Mountain,
Adams County, Ohio, July 20 to 22, 1927; 1 o'; Balsam, North
Carolina, July 22, 1911.
Type seven paratypes in author’s collection; one paratype
in Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia; one paratype in
Meyrick collection.
The moths usually fly in the early morning, along the borders
of forest.
Nepticulidae
Nepticula axasperata new species
Tuft on face and head pale buff, bases of hairs faintly ochrace-
ous; eye-caps silvery at base shading through pale golden to deep
purple at tips and posterior margin; collar blackish purple.
Thorax deep blue-purple. Fore wings deep blue-purple, showing
reddish bronzy luster beneath the fold and beyond the fascia;
at the middle of the wing a broad, brilliant pale golden fascia;
cilia purplish gray, shading toward tips around apex to silvery
white. Hind wings and cilia gray. Legs purplish bronzy;
tibiae and tarsi of the middle pair silvery white. Expanse, 3.2
mm.
Type. —cf; reared from a serpentine mine on leaf of Vacdnium
vadllanSj imago August 5, 1927; mined leaf, July 19, 1927,
Beaver Pond, Adams County, Ohio. In author’s collection.
The egg is deposited on the underside of the leaf and the mine,
which is more distinct on the upper side of the leaf, is reddish
brown, 3.5 to 4 cm. in length and gradually increasing to a
breadth of a little over one millimeter; frass in a broad tract
through the middle of the mine. The larva leaves by a slit in the
lower epidermis; cocoon dark reddish brown.
There are two generations a year; mining larvae may be
collected in the first half of July and in the latter half of August.
The species seems to be rather general on Vacdnium and Gaylus--
sada, but is never common. Mines of identical appearance have
been observed in North Carolina on Azalea and Lyonia as well
as on Vacdnium and Gaylussacia.
Nepticula exasperata is nearest to N. rosaefoliella Clemens, but
differs from it in the pale tuft on the head, the more conspicuous
blue and bronzy luster of the fore wings, and the much broader
fascia. It is very different from the other feeder on ericaceous
plants, N. paludicola Braun.
TEINS. AH. XKT. SOC., hW
NEW OR LITTLE KNOWN NEOTROPICAL
BLATTIDAE
(ORTHOPTERA)
NUMBER TWO
BY JAMES A. 0. REHN
The introductory remarks given in Number One of this series ‘
present the reasons for the appearance of this set of studies.
The present number contains the descriptions of three new
genera and fourteen new species, and discussions of nine pre¬
viously known species. Two genera, i.e. LamproblaUa and Muzoa,
are revised in their entirety and a section of another genus
{PelmatosUpha) is similarly treated.
The species here discussed are: (Pseudomopinae) Cariblatta
faticana new species, Cuba, Pseudosymploce persomta uqw
species, Porto Rico, Nesomylacris fratercvla new species, Cuba;
(Blattinae) LamproblaUa zamorensis (Giglio-Tos), L. mimetes
new species, Brazil, L. albipalpus Hebard, L. gorgonis new species,
Colombia, L. andstroides new species, Venezuela and Colombia,
L. romani new species, Brazil, L. meridionalis (Bruner), Pel-
matosilpha rotundata Scudder, P. macu new species, Brazil, P.
miranha new species, Peru, P. alaris (Saussure), P. guianae
Hebard, P. lata Hebard, P. aterrima (Walker), Eurycotis lira new
species, Jamaica, E. improcera new species, St. Croix, Virgin
Islands; (Nyctiborinae) Muzoa simplex Hebard, M. madida new
species, Costa Rica; (Epilamprinae) DryadoblaUa new genus;
(Perisphaerinae) Navdidas new genus, Poroblatta pluto new
species, Venezuela, Styphon bakeri new genus and species,
Curasao, Bonaire and Aruba, Dutch West Indies.
> Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., uv, pp. 125-194, (1928).
TBAN8. AM. BUT. SOO., LTI.
20 NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAB (ORTHOPTERA)
PSEXJDOMOPINAE
Cariblatta faticana new species (PL I, figs. 1 and 2,)
A very distinct and strikingly differentiated member of the
Cuprea Group of the genus,* differing from the other group
members, i.e. cuprea and punctipennis Hebard and or ester a Rehn
and Hebard, in the elongate form, much narrower and far less
transverse pronotum, narrower tegmina, narrower marginal
field and much more attenuate and elongate anal field of the
same. This species is so very distinct that I have no hesitation in
describing it without seeing the male sex, which doubtless has
important differences in the genitalia.
In size faticana is nearly as long as the same sex of oresteraj but
is far more slender, and while it is no broader than cuprea or
punctipennis it is distinctly longer.
Type. — 9 ; Turquino Peak, Sierra Maestra, Oriente Province,
Cuba. Elevation, 900-1000 meters. July 20, 1922. (S. C.
Bruner and C. H. Ballou.) [Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia, Type no. 5486.]
Size medium (for genus); form elongate and slender, more
attenuate than in related species.
Head elongate cordiform, slightly deeper than broad across
eyes (as 37 to 35), latter moderately prominent, lateral margins of
face ventrad of same appreciably convergent toward mandibular
bases; occipital outline in cephalic aspect moderately arcuate,
interspace between eyes at occiput one and one-sixth times as
broad as that between internal borders of antennal scrobes (as 14
to 12): face moderately convex in transverse section, occiput
rather broadly rounding into same over region of frons. Palpi
relatively elongate, slender; antepenultimate article very faintly
longer than penultimate article (as 12 to 11), former with parallel
margins, latter slenderly infundibuliform; ultimate article about
five-sixths as long as penultimate (as 9 to 11), subsecuriform.
Pronotum relatively narrow, very short, slightly transverse
subhexagonal-ovate in outline, greatest length equal to four-
fifths of greatest pronotal width (as 48 to 61); cephalic margin
relatively broad and moderately arcuate, laterad rather narrowly
passing into the obliquely arcuate, caudad diverging lateral
sections, which broadly round over point of greatest width, which
is at caudal third, and in the full curvature of a quadrant pass
into the broad, very gently arcuate caudal margin: surface of
pronotum appreciably deplanate, weakly declivent laterad on
disk and over hyaline lateral areas, latter faintly concave latero.
^Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., liv, p. 13, (1927).
JAMES A. O. REHN
21
cephalad; disk relatively broad, lateral hyaline sections propor¬
tionately narrow, particularly cephalad.
Tegmina elongate, greatest width contained nearly four times
in greatest length (as 29 to 110), greatest width at apex of anal
field: costal margin very gently arcuate to point of greatest
width, thence distad nearly straight oblique to the rather nar¬
rowed but still well rounded apex; sutural margin nearly straight,
briefly arcuate proximad and distad to apex: marginal field very
narrow, reaching distad to point of greatest width; anal field very
elongate and attenuate pyriform in shape, its greatest width con¬
tained nearly three times in greatest length of field (as 15 to 43):
costal veins twelve to fourteen in number, those distad ramose,
rami included in the count given; discoidal sectors seven, two of
these being the bifurcate ulnar vein, one a very short distal ramus
of the discoidal vein, the remainder arising from median vein; anal
sulcus straight for more than half its length, distad very briefly
rounding to sutural margin; axillary veins four in number, all
nearly straight, moderately converging distad; in distal third of
tegmina most of costal veins in their proximal sections bear on
their dorsal surface a single low rounded node, such as is found in
C. punctipennisy while an irregular series of similar nodes are seen
on certain discoidal sectors in the same portion of the tegmina, as
many as three being present on a single sector, while their relative
disposition, irrespective of their position on individual sectors, is
in longitudinal series. Wings with anterior field relatively nar¬
row; costal veins 11 to 13 in number, the more proximal markedly
elongate clavate, the series distad becoming simple in character;
medio-discoidal area relatively narrow, as a whole slightly nar¬
rower than medio-ulnar area, divided by straight cross-nervures
into nine quadrate or rectangulate areolets; ulnar vein biramose,
one ramus quite distal in position.
Ultimate abdominal tergite (supra-anal plate) transverse, its
distal margin moderately arcuate with a marked median rectangu¬
late emargination extending well into the tergite. Cerci incom¬
plete, apparently quite elongate, articles distinctly marked off by
their individual form, each article independently narrowing
proximad; cerci subdeplanate dorsad. Ultimate sternite (sub¬
genital plate) elongate, acute scoop-shaped, ventrad distinctly
convex transversely; distolateral margins converging, moderately
sigmoid, apex subacute, very narrowly rounded.
limbs as usual in genus. Caudal metatarsus occupying nearly
two-thirds of entire tarsal length (as 32 to 54), entire tarsus very.
slender.
General color pale ochraceous-buff with a yellow ocher tendency
on the tegmina, and a touch of zinc orange on the pronotal disk;
abdomen approaching pale buckthorn brown, stigmatic spots
TKANS. AM. XNT. SOC., LVI.
22
NEOTBOPICAI/ BLATTIDAE (OBTHOPTBBA)
prout's brown, ultimate stemite largely clouded with russet;
pronotal disk without pattern except a median spaced pair of
small buckthorn brown trigonal spots, which may be structural
and not pigmental in character. Occipital transverse interocular
bar, another with a trefoil curvature to its dorsal border placed
between dorsal portions of antennal scrobes, a third broken chain
between internal borders of scrobes, and spots ventrad of scrobes
and across lower face, cinnamon-brown; occipital (i.e. dorsal)
margin of interocular dark bar irregularly defined, the cloud of the
bar blending into general tone of occiput; pale multisigmoid
transverse bar across frons warm buff, strikingly contrasted; eyes
chestnut.
Length of body, 8.6 mm.; length of pronotum, 2.01; greatest
width of pronotum, 2.56; length of tegmen, 9.24; greatest width
of tegmen, 2.43.
The type of this very striking and unusual species, so distinct
in its general form, is unique.
PMudoaymploce personata * new species (PI. I, fig. 3.)
The present species is very distinct from the two which defi¬
nitely have been referred to this genus, i.e. elongala (Beauvois),
from Hispaniola, and schistopyga Rehn and Hebard, from
Jamaica.^ Its relationship to Bolivar’s “Ischnoptera" exdsa,
from Cuba®, which Rehn and Hebard tentatively referred to
Pseudosymploce,* may prove to be closer than to the other species
when physical comparison is possible, but from Bolivar’s descrip¬
tion personata is seen to differ from excisa in at least the following
features: smaller size, more strongly transverse and cephalad
arcuate pronotum, pale lateral and cephalic pronotal borders and
marginal and costal portion of scapular fields of tegmina, and the
fewer (3-4 instead of 5) complete rami of the ulnar vein of the
wing.
From P. elongata and schistopyga the present species can at
once be distinguished by its heavier, more robust build, bicolored
coloration, decidedly more transverse and polished pronotum,
more corneous and polished tegmina, which have the intercalated
nervures subobsolete in the normally exposed area's, in the greater
^ In allusion to the dark upper face.
♦See Rehn and Hebard, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., uv, pp. 103-110,
(1927).
♦ M6m. Soc. Zool. France, i, p. 124, (1888).
• Bull. Amer. Mug. Nat. Hist., liv, p. 108, (1927).
JAMES A. O. BEEN
23
width of the tegmina, which have a greater number of discoidal
sectors, and in the heavier limbs. From elongata the new species
also is separable by the trigonal form of the ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of the female.
When the male sex of peraonata is secured doubtless important
features of difference from the other species of the genus will be
found. While I am generally opposed to the description of
species of blattids of this subfamily from the female sex alone, the
present species is so remarkably distinctive in ambisexual charac¬
ters its description at this time is fully justified.
Type ,— 9 ; Loquillo National Forest, Porto Rico. Elevation,
1500 feet. November 17, 1925. (F. E. Lutz, at headquarters
cabin.) [American Museum of Natural History.]
Size large (for genus); form robust, relatively broad, fully
alate; surface polished.
Head reversed pyriform in outline, deep, greatest width across
eyes contained nearly one and one-fourth times in greatest depth
of head (as 70 to 88); eyes faintly obtuse-arcuate laterad of
antennal scrobes, their outline not differentiated in contour from
remainder of head outline, which dorsad is broadly arcuate be¬
tween points of greatest width; occipital interspace between eyes
bordered laterad by the parallel internal margins of the eyes, in
width equal to nearly four-fifths interspace between internal
margins of antennal scrobes (as 23 to 30). Eyes in profile
subreniform, strongly arcuate in outline, regularly narrowing
ventrad to narrow but well rounded ventral border. Antennae
in incomplete condition nearly as long as body, well supplied
with setae. Palpi relatively slender; antepenultimate article and
ultimate article subequal in length, latter elongate shallow sub-
securiform, in dorsal view weakly inflated; penultimate article
appreciably shorter than ultimate (as 19 to 23), distinctly in-
fundibuliform.
Pronotum distinctly transverse, ovate, greatest length con¬
tained one and one-third times in greatest width of pronotum
(as 54 to 72), which latter is briefly caudad of middle of pronotum;
cephalic and lateral margins of pronotum broadly and regularly
arcuate between points of greatest width, latter very broadly
arcuate, the margins evenly curving to rounded obtuse caudo-
lateral angles, over which they pass to the broad, very gently
arcuate caudal margin; all margins narrowly cingulate: surface of
pronotum in longitudinal section but faintly convex, in transverse
section subdeplanate mesad on disk, markedly convexly deflexed
laterad; subobsolete cephalad diverging depressions present
laterad on disk.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
24
NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAE (ORTHOPTERA)
Tegmina with apices incomplete, but in this condition surpass¬
ing the apex of the abdomen by a distance nearly equal to the
pronotal length, in texture polished subcomeous with fully
developed and clearly indicated venation, which, however, is less
elevated and evident than in P. ehngata; greatest width of tegmen
nearly equal to that of pronotum; form of margins and disposition
of veins essentially as in P. ehngata, discoidal sectors twelve in
number: marginal field less cribroso-punctulose than in P.
ehngata; anal field proportionately shorter and stockier than in
P. ehngata. Wings with apices incomplete, number of costal
veins not determinable on account of damage; medio-discoidal
area proximad of bifurcation of discoidal vein appreciably
broader than adjacent section of medio-ulnar area, distad of same
point hardly broader than latter there; ulnar vein with four
complete and three incomplete rami; axillary vein biramose.
Abdomen with ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) moderately
transverse, trigonal produced, lateral converging margins of same
faintly concave, apex narrowly rounded with a faint median
emargination, proximad of which extends, for half length of
tergite, a narrow subequal slot in the chitin, closed by a hyaline
membrane. Cerci similar to but somewhat more robust and
shorter than in P. ehngata. Ultimate sternite (subgenital plate)
moderately large, in transverse section regularly and strongly
convex, distal margin broadly arcuate in ventral aspect.
Cephalic femora with spines of proximal group of ventro-
cephalic margin five in number, piliform series of same margin
covering more space than in P. ehngata. Median and caudal
femora relatively robust; caudal tarsi in type lacking distal
article, remainder as in P. ehngata.
Greneral color of pronotum except lateral and cephalic margins,
all of tegmina except marginal field and a progressively subob-
Bolete continuation of the same along the costal border of the
scapular field, solidly liver brown passing to pale hay^s russet
distad on the tegmina, the liver brown darkest laterad and
cephalad on the pronotum; pale borders of the pronotum and
costal portion of tegmina contrastingly apricot yellow to maize
yellow, the former on the pronotum, passing to the latter on the
tegmina; cingulate lateral and cephalic borders of pronotum and
cingulation of costal margin of tegmina very narrowly pale
tawny. Base color of venter, head and limbs weak ochraceous-
orange, progressively infuscate with liver brown on abdomen,
ultinmte sternite almost entirely of this shade; abdominal
stemtes paler laterad than on disk. Head with eyes pitch brown;
occiput and frons ventrad to between ventral margins of antennal
Bcrobes solidly liver brown, paling near the transversely arcuate
ventral margin of the maculation; ocellar spots apricot yellow;
antennae prout's brown; palpi of ventral color with penultimate
JAMES A. G. REHN
25
article narrowly clouded proximad and ventrad with prout’s
Wwn. Limbs darkening to russet distad, particularly on
caudal tibiae, this most evident on extensor surface of tibiae and
with greatest emphasis narrowly proximad on same surface; limb
spines tawny to russet. Dorsal surface of abdomen liver brown,
throughout narrowly bordered laterad with apricot yellow. Cerci
liver brown, narrowly pale yellowish dorso-distad.
Length of body, 15 mm.; length of pronotum, 4.53; greatest
width of pronotum, 6.04; length of tegmen, 16;’ greatest width of
tegmen, 5.46.
The very distinctive proportional and color features of this
species, as well as the equally characteristic form of the ultimate
abdominal tergite of the female, will at once serve to separate this
beautiful species from its more slender and uniformly colored
relatives. The type is unique.
Nesomylacris fratercula new species (PL I, fig. 4.)
The present species of this interesting genus ® is based on an
imperfect specimen, but sufficient features of difference are readily
evident to make its separation not at aJl difficult. From both
the previously known species the present insect can be dis¬
tinguished by its smaller size and the narrow trigonal form of the
median portion of the ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) of the
male. In addition from iNT. cubensis of western Cuba (Pinar del
Rio Province) the present species differs in the subquadrate
tegmina, in the alar slips being smaller and normally covered, in
the less deplanate face, in the transversely subtruncate instead of
markedly emarginate distal margin of the seventh tergite of the
male, and in the strongly bicolored pronotum. From N. relica
of Jamaica, which is probably its nearest relative, fratercula also
differs in the less squarely truncate distal extremity of the teg-
nodna, in the broader marginal field of the same, and in the pronotal
color pattern and the solidly pale lateral borders of the dorsal and
ventral surfaces of the abdomen. Doubtless important differ¬
ences in the structure and appendages of the distal abdominal
stemite (subgenital plate) of the male will be found upon the
acquisition of more perfect material.
’ This measurement is of the damaged tegmen. By analogy I would say*
that a section from three to five millimeters long is missing.
• See Rehn and Hebard, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., liv, pp, 7,137, (1927).
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOO., LVI.
26 NEOTBOPICAIi BLATTIDAE (ORTHOPTEBa)
Type .—<?; Camagtkey, Camagfiey Province, Cuba. July Z&,
1923. (J. Acufia.) [Academy of Natural Sciences of Philft*
■delphia, Type no. 6487.]
Size relatively small, form as usual in genus; surface polished.
Head in facial aspect broad cordiform, greatest width across
eyes subequal to greatest depth of head (as 44 to 45), eyes in
outline moderately prominent laterad, but dorsad broadly and
evenly rounding into and across occiput, which latter is faintly
flattened: occipital interspace between eyes very broad for male
sex, hardly narrower than that between internal margins of
antennjJ scrobes (as 19 to 20), in profile broadly rounding over
frons into face, which ventrad of the ocellar spots is flat in profile.
Eyes in lateral view relatively short, reniform, broad dorsad and
distinctly narrowing ventrad. Antennae incomplete. Palpi
resembling those of N. cubensia but more slender and elongate;
ultimate article proportionately longer, about one and one-third
times as long as penultimate article (as 17 to 13), shallow acute
securiform; antepenultimate article one and one-fourth times as
long as penultimate article (as 16 to 13), faintly arcuate in profile.
Pronotum semi-ovate trapezoid in outline, moderately trans¬
verse, greatest median length contained slightly more than one
and one-third times in greatest caudal width of same (as 64 to 87):
cephalic margin subtruncate dorsad of head, obtusely rounding
laterad into the moderately oblique, arcuate laterd margins;
caudo-lateral angles rounded rectangulate; caudal margin very
broad, transversely tnmcate with a subobsolete, very low and
broad median lobulation; cephalic and lateral margins cingulate,
cephalic more narrowly so: in transverse section the pronotum is
strongly convex dorsad, slightly subdeplanate mesad and strongly
arcuate declivent laterad, in profile dorsum is faintly convex.
Tegmina quadrate, greatest length (costal) and greatest width
subequal, reaching distad only to base of second tergite of ab¬
domen, very narrowly overlapping suturad: costal margin very
gently arcuate; disto-costal angle narrowly'rounded rectangulate;
distal margin straight, very weakly obfique retreating toward
sutural margin; disto-sutural angle narrowly rounded; sutural
margin straight except for brief proximal marked arcuation: mar¬
ginal field broad, regularly narrowing distad, reaching to disto-
costal point of tegmen: humeral trunk evident but not elevated,
remainder of tegminal venation present but not strongly evident,
hot elevated. Wing slips clearly defined, articulate, lateral,
hardly longer than motanotum, completely covered by tegmina.
Abdomen broad, deplanate dorsad, distad arcuately declivent
longitudinally: ultimate tergite moderately transverse, trigonal
produced mesad, lateral portions of distal margin in greater
(mesal) part of their'length concave, apex very shallowly but
'^stinctly transverse .concave emarginate; surface of tergite
JAMES A. O. REHN
27
moderately depressed intermarginally laterad. Cerci lacking.
Ultimate stemite (subgenital plate) damaged.
Cephalic femora with spine series of ventio-cephalic margin as
described for N. cubenais. Median and caudal femora strongly
spined. Caudal tarsi lacking.
Base color ranging between pale ochraceous-buff and ochra-
ceous-orange; dorsal and ventral disks of abdomen and pronotal
markings deep mummy brown. Frons with a pair of circular
clouded spots of tawny; eyes prout^s brown; remainder of head
ochraceous-bufF. Pronotum with pale base color, which forms
a very broad lateral and cephalic border, paler laterad than else¬
where; disk with its dark color divided virtually in two by an
obscurely sublyrate pattern of paler tone, i.e. deep zinc orange,
the dark discal pattern not reaching caudal margin of pronotum,
caudo-lateral points of same, however, very closely approaching
the margin. Tegmina unmarked, dull ochraceous-buff. Abdo¬
men with lateral borders of both surfaces pale ochraceous-buflF,
the dorsal borders nearly half again as wide as the ventral,
cingulations of immediate lateral borders pencilled in mars
brown; caudal margins of tergites within the area of dark discal
coloring narrowly lined with ochraceous-tawny, this virtually
absent from penultimate visible tergite; sternites faintly lined in a
similar fashion: ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) dark with a
medio-longitudinal, proximally acute pale patch on distal two-
thirds. Limbs ochraceous-buff, spines ochraceous-tawny; me¬
dian and caudal coxae with a spot of dark color, this larger on
caudal pair.
Length of body, 7.14 mm,; length of pronotum, 2.77; greatest
width of pronotum, 3.61; length of tegmen, 2.18; greatest width
of tegmen, 2.26.
The type of this very distinct species is unique.
Blattinae
Genus Lamprohlatta
The genus LamproblcUta was erected by Hebard in 1919® to
include three species, i.e. Blatta {Stylopiga) meridionalis Bruner,^®
from Trinidad; Stylopyga zamorensis Giglio-Tos,^^ from the valley
of Zamora, eastern Ecuador; and Lamprohlatta albipalpus, new
species, from northeastern Colombia and Panama, which latter
was selected as the genotype. Since the generic description more
• Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., xlv, p. 108; [cf, 9 ].
Jour. N. Y. Entom. Soc., xiv, p. 141, (1906); [cT, 9].
BoUett. Mus. Zool, Anat. Comp. Torino, xiii, no. 311, p. 10, (1898); [ 9 ].
TRANS. AM. ENT. BOC., LVI.
28
NEOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAB (OBTHOFTEBA)
material has become available for study, and the work of deter¬
mining a species belonging to the genus made necessary a re¬
examination of all in hand.
This review brought out the fact that several correctidns in the
published literature are necessary, and that foxir undescribed
species are present in the available series. The present resume
is presented as a summary of our knowledge of the species which
belong to the genus.
The seven species which I distinguish can be separated into two
groups by the character of the palpi, one group having them ro¬
bust in both profile and extensor aspect, with the penultimate
article but moderately narrowing proximad and the antepenulti¬
mate rather heavy. This group includes zamoreneis (Giglio-
Tos), mimetea new species and aJbipalpus Hebard. The second
group has the palpi more slender in both profile and extensor
aspect, with the penultimate article markedly narrowing
proximad, and the antepenultimate proportionately more slender
than in the first group. The new species gorgonis, ancistroides
and romani, and meridionalis (Bruner) are the components of
the second group.
The species zamorensis and gorgonis are large forms of which
the fem^e sex alone is known. The former species belongs to the
group of the genus with robust palpi, while gorgonis is a member
of the group with elongate, slender palpi. The new species
mimetes and albipalpus Hebard are readily distinguishable by the
shape of the distal tergite (supra-anal plate) of the male, the form
of the distal stemite (subgenital plate) and of the apex of the
genital hook of the same sex.
The large species gorgonis is at once separable from the other
members of its group by its greater size, while the head is also
less elongate pyriform, and is broader ventrad of the eyes.
The new species ancistroides and romani are separated by the
form of the apex of the genital hook and of the distal sternite
(subgenital plate) of the male, while meridionalis has the form of
the distal tergite (supra-anal plate) of both sexes very distinctive,
quite different from the condition found in known sexes of other
species of the genus.
The linear sequence of the species of LamproblaUa would be
as in the following treatment.
JAMES A. G. REHN
29
Lamproblatta zamorensis (Giglio-Tos) (PI. I, figs. 5 and 6.)
1898. Stylopyga zamorenaia Giglio-Tos, BoUett. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp.
Torino, xin, no. 311, p. 10. [ 9 ; Valle de Zamora, eastern slope of
Ecuadorian Andes.]
Peru: Puerto Bermudez, Bio Pichis. July 12-19, 1920.
(Cornell Univ. Exped.) 1 9 . [Hebard Collection.]
This specimen is slightly larger than the original measurements
and the ferruginous areas on the limbs are more restricted than in
the type, the tarsi, trochanters and extreme distal margin of the
coxae alone being so colored, the remainder of the coxae of the
general blackish piceous. The apex of the distal tergite of the
abdomen (supra-anal plate) is concavo-emarginate instead of
‘‘profounde angulatim incisa’’ as originally described. I feel this
is an individual peculiarity and not a feature of specific difference.
Lamproblatta mimetes^^ new species (PI. I, figs. 7-9; pi. II, fig. 1.)
This species is related to L. albipalpus Hebard, having the
same general proportions of the palpal articles and the metatarsi
broadened in the male sex, but readily separable from albipalpus
by the strongly transverse distal tergite (supra-anal plate) of the
male, which has its greatest distal width equal to one-half the
proximal width of the sternite, instead of distinctly less than half
of proximal width as in albipalpus, by the distal sternite (sub¬
genital plate) of the same sex having the interstylar section equal
to half the greatest proximal width of the sternite, and greater
than the distal width of the distal tergite, instead of the inter¬
stylar section being less than half the width of the proximal
section of the sternite and subequal to the distal width of the
distal tergite (supra-anal plate), while the apex of the genital
hook of the male has the angle of the bend produced into a marked
and acute process, instead of narrowly rounded as in albipalpus.
Type. —cf; CuyabA, Matto Grosso, Brazil. [Hebard Collec¬
tion, Type no. 1158.]
Size medium (for genus): form and texture as in zamorensis.
Head with occipital interspace between eyes broad, slightly
greater than that between internal borders of antennal scrobes;
ocellar spots marked, but not very large. Palpi of robust type;
penultimate article infundibuliform, even appreciably so in
From tufiriTTis, an impostor, in allusion to the resemblance of Lamproblatta
to immature individuals of other genera.
TEARS. AM. XKT. SOO., LVI.
30 NEOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAE (ORTHOPTBBA)
extensor as^ct, in lenrth subequal to antepenultimate article;
ultimate article distinctly securiform in profile, in length slightly
shorter than penultimate article (as 11 to 13).
Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum as in L. aMpalpua.
Abdomen with its greatest width but slightly more than the
width across metanotum, lateral margins subparallel in proximal
half; tergites two to seven with caudo-lateral angles rectangulate,
not more than very faintly produced. Distal tei^te (supra-anal
plate) transverse, symmetrically trapezoidal, greatest median
length contained nearly three and one-half times in greatest
proximal width (as 14 to 47); lateral margins of tergite converging,
weakly arcuato-concave, distal margin in width nearly equal to
one-half proximal width of tergite, transversely emarginato-
truncate, caudo-lateral angles rounded obtuse; surface of tergite
subdeplanate except immediately proximad, a low rounded medio-
longitudinal swelhng or subcarination indicated, immediately
distal portion of tergite not completely chitinized. Cerci fusi¬
form, three times as long as median section of distal tergite.
Apex of genital hook distinctively shaped (see plate I, fig. 19),
the “heel” produced distad into a marked process. Distal
sternite (subgenltal plate) subsymmetrical; interstylar section
of distal margin in width equal to half that of entire sternite,
distinctly arcuate produced, its ventral surface cribroso-punctate;
sinistral (prestylar) portion of margin somewhat more lamellate
than the corresponding dextral portion, more reflexed laterad, the
border of these portions distinctly arcuate as seen from venter;
styles as in L. albipalpus, with the sinistral slightly the more
robust, both simple, tapering, acute.
All limbs with metatarsi inflated, but more longitudinally so
and less bulbously than in L. alhipalpus; caudal metatarsus dis¬
tinctly longer than succeeding joints (as 37 to 28), in profile its
ventral outline being straight for the entire len^h of the pul-
villus, which reaches proximad for two-thirds of the metatarsal
length, instead of but half as in L. alHpalpus. Cephalic and
median metatarsi show relatively the same type of development
as the caudal, with the ventral margin distad straight and the
whole less bulbous in appearance. The pulvilli are not broad
and concave as in albipcdpus, but instead are narrow and com¬
pressed, but with bordering spinules as in aUnpalpvs.
Color uniform pitch black, the limbs paling on portions of the
coxae to ochraceous-buff, and on the distal tarsal joint to hazel;
limb spines hay’s russet. Palpi pale yellow-orange. Mouth-
parts washed with honey yellow. Ocellar spots mustard yellow.
Eyes cinnamon-brown.
JAMES A. O. REHN
31
Measurements (in miUimeters)
Len|^h
Len^h
Greatest
width of
b^y
pronotum
pronotum
cf, type .
. 18.5
5.9
8
C?, paratype .
. 19.6
5.9
7.5 w
In addition to the type, I have before me a paratypic male and
an immature female, ^th bearing the same data as the type, and
from the Hebard Collection. The paratypic male agrees with the
above description of the type except that the cerci are slightly
shorter (two and two-thirds times as long as median length of
distal tergite), and the interstylar section of the distal margin
of the distal sternite (subgenital plate) is more broadly and
regularly arcuate. These differences are purely individual and
in all their essential features the paratypic male and the type fully
agree.
The immature female is in the instar preceding maturity, and
very slightly smaller than the type. The distal exposed sternite
(subgenital plate) bears distad a medio-longitudinal weak rounded
sulcation, indicating the line of cleavage of the valves in the adult
condition.
Lamproblatta albipalput (Hebard) (PL I, figs. 10-13; pi. II, fig. 2.)
1919. Lamproblatta albipalpus Hebard, Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., xlv,
p. 109, pi. 17, figs. 7-9. [d^, 9 ; Gatun, Obispo Station, Five miles west of
Empire, and Corozal, Canal Zone, Panama; Old Panama, Taboga Island,
and Tabogilla Island, Panama; Cincinnati, Sierra Nevada dc Santa
Marta, Magdalena, Colombia (type locality); Venezuela.^*)
I have before me most of the material which served as the
basis for this species, including the type, allotype and paratype.
As shown below the Venezuelan specimen originally included is
distinct, belonging to a new species here described. Also the
male specimen from Villavicencio, Colombia, subsequently
reported by Hebard as albipalpvs,^^ represents the same species
as the Venezuelan individual.
* The form of the apex of the genital hook of the male is much
as in L. andstroides, but the differences in the palpi, in the form of
Pronotum faintly compressed.
Equals andstroides new species, which see.
Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., xlvu, p. 142, (1921).
TBAN8. AM. ENT. SOC., LVl.
32 NEOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAE (ORTHOPTEBA)
the distal tergite (supra-anal plate) and the distal stemite
(subgenital plate) of the male serve to separate the two spedes.
Lamproblatta gorgonU new species (PI. I, hgs. 14-16.)
While gorgonis is fully typical of the group of the genus with
elongate, slender palpal articles, it has the head less elongate
pyriform, distinctly broader ventrad of the eyes, with the genal
outlines as seen in cephalic aspect more bullate arcuate, much as
in L. albipalpus. From the other members of its group gorgonis
can at once be separated by its markedly larger size and also the
head proportions mentioned above. The form of the distal
abdominal tergite (supra-anal plate) of the female is as in romanij
and not of the type found in meridionaliSy while the caudal
metatarsi are shorter, compared with the succeeding joints, than
in romani. From ancistroides, which is known only from the
male sex, gorgonis can be distinguished also by the more elongate
ultimate article of the palpus and the more acute caudo-lateral
angles of the abdominal tergites.
From the only species of the genus approaching it in size, i.e,
zamorensisy the palpal features will at once separate gorgonis.
Type ,— 9 ; Gorgona Island, off the west coast of Colombia.^*
July, 1924. (Miss Cheesman.) [British Museum of Natural
History.]
Size large; form more elongate than in zamorensisy relative
proportions as in romani.
Head relatively broad, short pyriform; lateral outlines of
genae full and arcuate as seen in cephalic aspect; occipital inter¬
space between eyes very broad, appreciably wider than distance
between internal borders of antennal scrobes (as 36 to 22).
Palpi elongate, slender; penultimate article distinctly infundibuli-
form, in extensor aspect becoming very slender proximad, in
length Bubequal to antepenultimate article; ultimate article
subequal to penultimate article in length, in shape securiform.
Form of pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum very much as
in zamorensis.
Abdomen in proximal half with lateral margins subparallel and
there hardly broader than thoracic segments, distal half of abdo¬
men roundly narrowing; all tergites with caudo-lateral angles
somewhat acute, becoming progressively more acute to spiniform-
acute, and moderately produced. Distal tergite (supra-anal
plate) transverse trigonal, greatest median length contained
nearly three times in greatest proximal width (as 20 to 68);
« Position 2' 69' N, 78^ 20' W.
JAMES A. G. REHN
33
lateral margins of tergite convergent, weakly arcuate-convex,
distal extremity rather broadly but shallowly arcuate-concave,
same broadly rounding into lateral margins; surface of tergite
broadly low tectate, no distinct ridge developed. Cerci fusiform,
slightly more than twice median length of distal tergite. Distal
stemite (subgenital plate) with valves projecting distad of distal
tergite a distance equal to half median length of latter.
AIT limbs with metatarsi compressed, uninflated, not at all
bulbous, subequal in depth throughout their length; caudal meta¬
tarsus distinctly longer than remaining articles of the caudal
tarsus, being nearly one and one-half times as long (as 50 to 36),
in profile its ventral margin straight for the entire length, the
pulvillus being small and entirely distal, not at all extending
proximad, the spinule series marked and extending nearly to the
base of the metatarsus.
General color uniform pitch black, passing to deep maroon on
the coxae, femora and distal sternite, darkening again on the
tibiae, then paling on the tarsi. Antennae passing from maroon
proximad to ochraceous-buff distad. Palpi solidly naphthalene
yellow.
Length of body, 25.5 mm.; length of pronotum, 7.2; greatest
width of pronotum, 9.9.
The type of this striking species is unique. It is interesting
to note zoogeographically that the present species is not intimately
related to the Panamanian and northeastern Colombian L. afiW-
palpvsj but is more nearly related to those forms of the Orinocan,
Amazonian and Guianan regions.
Lamproblatta anciatroides new species (PI. II, figs. 3 and 4.)
1919. Lamproblatta albipalpiis Hebard, Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., xlv,
p. 111. (In part.) [cf (given in error as 9); Venezuela.]
1921. Lamproblatta albipalpus Hebard, Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., XLvn,
p. 142. [ cf*; Villavicencio, Intendencia del Meta, Colombia.]
This species has much the general appearance of L. albipalpus,
but is proportionately more slender, the abdomen being less
transverse, the disto-lateral angles of the fifth to seventh abdom¬
inal tergites are less acute produced, the palpi are distinctly
more slender, as noted above, and the distal sternite (subgenital
' plate) of the male has the interstylar margin somewhat broader
and appreciably flatter. Unfortunately all the available material
of ancistraides lack caudal tarsi, so the extent to which the meta¬
tarsi are broadened in this species cannot be deternained.
From d7Xiorrpoci5^s, hook-shapedf in allusion to the apex of the male genital
hook.
TBAN8. AlC. EKT. SOC., LVX.
34 NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAB (oBTHOPTEBA)
When compared with L. romani^ described below, andstroides
is seen to differ in the form of the distal abdominal stemite
(subgenital plate) of the male, which has its sinistral flange larger
and as in L. cdbipdlptis, in the less deplanate distal tergite (supra-
anal plate) of the male, and in the non-produced angle of the
genital hook of the male, in this respect agreeing with L. alW-
palpris.
Type. —cf; Villavicencio, Intendencia del Meta, Colombia.
December, 1918. (A. Maria.) [Hebard Collection, Type no.
1169.]
Size slightly larger than in L. albipalpus; form less robust, more
elongate and proportionately narrower.
Head in structure agreeing with L. albipalpus. Palpi of slender
type; penultimate article strongly infundibuliform, narrowing
decidedly proximad, where it is quite slender, in len^h subequal
to antepenultimate article, which latter is slender and subequal
in width; ultimate article elongate securiform, slender, in length
distinctly shorter than the penultimate article (as 10 to 13).
Pronotum as in L. albipalpus; mesonotum and metanotum
proportionately narrower.
Abdomen narrower than in albipalpus; tergites two to seven
with caudo-lateral angles faintly less produced than in L. albi¬
palpus, but distinctly more so than in L. mimetes. Distal tergite
(supra-anal plate) resembling that of L. albipalpus, the distal
margin, which is less than a third as wide as the greatest proximal
width (as 12 to 40), shallowly emarginate with the disto-lateral
angles well rounded; surface of tergite well and broadly impressed
on each side of a low medio-longitudinal swell-like tectation, im¬
mediately distal section of plate narrowly incompletely chitinized.
Apex of genital hook as in L. albipalpus. Distal sternite (sub¬
genital plate) with interstylar section of the distal margin in
width equal to two-fifths of entire sternite (as 16 to 40), trans¬
versely subtruncate, not produced, even in the gentle arcuation
seen in L. albipalpus; sinistral (prestylar) portion of margin
slightly more arcuato-Iamellate than the dextral portion; styles
simple, acute, tapering, virtually subequal in bulk.
All tarsi lacking in the type except the sinistral cephalic,
which show no appreciable in^tion of the metatarsus, ventral
margin of which in profile is seen to be virtually straight through¬
out, the very narrow pulvillus covering nearly the entire ventral
surface and bordered laterad by the usual spinule series.
General color uniform pitch black, the coxae proximad and
mouth-parts very pale zinc orange; palpi pale ochraceous-buff
with ultimate article weakly washed with umber. Limb spines
deep russet; tarsi paling distad to tawny.
JAMES A. G. REHN
35
Length of body, 18.5 mm.; length of pronotum, 5.7; greatest
width of pronotum, 7.1.
In addition to the type I have before me the male from Vene¬
zuela reported by Hebard in 1919 (vide supra). This specimen is
in very bad condition, and shows certain features of difference
from the Villavicencio male. However, until more definite
evidence is available I prefer to consider it ancistraides, with
which it agrees in general form, palpal features, form of the distal
sternite, genital hook and cephalic metatarsus. The distal ter-
gite (supra-anal plate) has the disto-lateral angles acute, and not
all rounded as in the type, but as the other features of the tergite
are not different in any noteworthy degree, I feel this condition
is best considered an individual one, at least until further evidence
is available.
Lamproblatta romani new si>ecies (PI. I, fig. 17; pi. II, figs. fi~9.)
This species needs comparison solely with L. andstroidesy
described above, and from which its more symmetrical, less
sinistrally expanded, and mesad marginally more arcuate distal
sternite (subgenital plate) of the male will readily distinguish it.
The appreciably deplanate distal tergite (supra-anal plate) of the
male is another feature of real difference.
This species has the caudal metatarsi decidedly more slender
and less broadened than in L. aUnpalpuSy with the pulvilli also
greatly reduced in size. Possibly L. ancistroides shares this same,
quite marked difference, but determination of this must await
more perfect material of that species.
Type, —cf; Manaos, Amazonas, Brazil. May. (Roman.)
[Stockholm Museum.]
Form as in L. ancistroides but size distinctly smaller.
Head similar in form to that of the other sj^cies. Palpi of
slender type; penultimate article markedly infundibuliform,
quite slender proximad; antepenultimate article slender, subequal
in width; ultimate article securiform, in length slightly shorter
than penultimate article (as 9 to 10).
Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum as in other species.
Abdomen with basic proportions as in L. andsiroidesy but
tergites five to seven have the disto-lateral angles somewhat more
acute produced. Distal tergite (supra-anal plate) as in L,
Dedicated to Dr. Abraham Roman, of the Department of Entomology of
the Stockholm Museum, who collected the type material.
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
36 NEOTROPICA.I, BLATTIDAE (oBTHOPTEEA')
andstroidea but more deplanate, with the medio-longitudinal
tectation subobsolete. Genital hook with “heel” produced into
a marked though well rounded structure project!]^ distad.
Cerci broken. Distal stemite (subgenital plate) with interstylar
portion of distal margin equal in width to two-fifths of entire
width of tergite (as 28 to 70); in shape this interstylar portion is
broad arcuately produced, sinistral (prestylar) portion of margin
with lamellation much reduced and the sinistral and dextral
counterparts are nearly equal in shape and in development:
styles similar, subequal, tapering, acute, heavier proportionately
than in the type of andstroides.
Metatarsi not appreciably inflated or expanded, the caudal
showing in profile a regular increase in depth in proximal two-
fifths, thence distad the depth is uniform and the ventral margin
straight, the whole distinctly slender and elongate, with ^atest
depth contained six times in the metatarsal length; pulvillus of
caudal metatarsus covering the distal three-fifths of the meta¬
tarsus, narrow, bordered laterad by spaced fine spinules; caudal
metatarsus nearly equal to one and one-half times the combined
length of the succeeding tarsal articles: the median and cephalic
limbs show metatarsal developments of the same character as
described for the caudal limbs, but, in proportion to the general
limb size, shorter and stockier.
Allotype. —9; Lagoa de Poraquequare, near Manaos, Ama¬
zonas, Brazil. May 13, 1915. (Roman; in campo.) [Stock¬
holm Museum.]
The following features of the female are those of evident dif¬
ference from the male.
Size subequal to male of L. andstroides, but from slightly more
slender.
Distal abdominal tergite (supra-anal plate) transverse trigonal,
greatest exposed median length equal to one-half greatest proxi¬
mal width of tergite (as 19 to 38); lateral margins nearly straight
oblique convergent; apex shallowly but distinctly broad arcuate-
emarginate; surface of tergite moderately arcuate in transverse
section, without trace of any medio-longitudinal tectation. Cerci
half again as long as distal tergite, fusiform, acute distad. Distal
stemite (subgenital plate) with valves projecting but moderately
distad of distal tergite.
Metatarsi simple, even more slender and unexpanded than in
male sex, the caudal subequal in depth for nearly the entire length,
and with the greatest depth contained more than eight and one-
half times in greatest length (as 4 to 35); pulvilli of all metatarsi
apical only, ventral marginal spinules well developed and extend¬
ing most df (Stance to base of metatarsus.
JAMES A. G. REHN
37
General color pitch black, the limbs in part more rufescent—
liver brown to hay's russet—either by coxal and tarsal paling
(male) or paling of the cephalic femora, tibiae and tarsi and the
tarsi of the other limbs (female). Mouth-parts ochraceous-
salmon; palpi ochraceous-buff washed with prout's brown,
particularly on ultimate article; ocellar spots ochraceous-salmon;
eyes mummy brown to piceous. Spines of the limbs madder
brown.
Measurements (in millimeters)
Length of
Length of
Greatest width
body
pronotum
of pronotum
cf, type .
. 15.7
4.8
6
9, allotype .
. 18.3
6.1
6.9
The type and allotype arc the only specimens of this species
which I have seen.
Lamproblatta meridionalis (Bruner) (PI. I, fig. 18; pi. II, figs. 10-13.)
1906. Blatta (Stylopiga) meridionalis Bruner, Joum. N. Y. Entom. Soc., xiv,
p. 141. [cf, 9 ; Trinidad.]
I have examined a female of this species in the Hebard Collec¬
tion ex Bruner, which was taken with the type, and a male labelled
Trinidad, 1924, Miss Cheesman," belonging to the British
Museum. The characteristic form of the distal tergite (supra-
anal plate) of the male, the generalized male distal sternite
(subgenital plate), and the slender, entirely unexpanded caudal
metatarsi of the same sex, with small apical pulvilli, are very
distinctive features.
The female has the disto-lateral angles of the second to seventh
abdominal tergites more produced than in the same sex of romani,
being very similar to albipalpus in this respect, while the distal
tergite (supra-anal plate) differs from that of any other female of
the genus known to me in its rounded, unemarginate distal
margin.
The specimens before me measure (in millimeters) as follows:
Length of Length of Greatest width
body pronotum of pronotum
e . 16.3 4.5 6,6«
9 . 20 6.8 7.3
Abnormally compressed.
tEANS. AM. XNT. SOC., LYI.
38 NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAB (oRTHOPTERA)
The species meridionalis appears to be the most generalized
member of the genus, probably representing, in the simplicity of
the male tarsal structure and the form of the distal tergite and
stemite in both sexes, an earlier evolutionary stage in the generic
specialization than is evidenced by species such as zamorensis,
mimetes, albipalpua and andstroidea. The species romani in some
respects shows an approach toward meridionalis.
The Alaris Group of the Genus Pelmatosilpha
This tentatively designated species-group is characterized by
possessing tegmina and wings reaching nearly or quite to the
apex of the abdomen, the tegmina corneous or subcorneous in
texture, with the venation delicately indicated and the anal sulcus
finely but distinctly marked in its distal third. Whether this
entity is a natural assemblage is, of course, not possible to deter¬
mine before a comprehensive study of all the forms which have
been referred to the genus, has been made. The species here
referred to the Alaris Group are P. alaris Saussure, aterrima
(Walker), rotundata Scudder, P. lata and guianae Hebard and
P. macu and miranha new species. Of these guianae and lata
agree in the relatively narrow distal tergite (supra-anal plate)
of the male, while alaris and rotundata have the same tergite
broader and more quadrate. The male sexes of macu and
miranha are not known. The cerci of lata^ guianae and alaris are,
in both sexes, elongate, very distinctly surpassing the distal
tergite, while in rotundata, macu and miranha they are but little
longer than the same tergite. Walker^s aterrima has the distal
tergite of the male as in guianae and lata, with the cerci also as in
those species, but the head and pronotum are proportionately very
much larger, which features at once distinguish the species from
the others of the genus known to me.
It is possible that Shelford^s Pelmatosilpha convera,^^ from
Espirito Santo, Brazil, may be a member of this species-group. It
has, however, the “anal vein al)sent'' in the tegmina and has the
same appendages appreciably bicolored. Known only from the
female, convexa is in size similar to P. macu, here described. I
have not recognized the species in available collections, and at
this writing am unable to do more than call attention to it.
•® Genera Insectorum, fasc. 109, Orth., Blatt., Blattinae, p. 13, footnote,
(1910).
JAMES A. G. REHN
39
In a linear arrangement I would, at least provisionally, place
the species of the group in the sequence in which they are here
discussed. However, when we are acquainted with the male sex
of P. macu and of P. miranha^ here described from females, it
may be necessary to modify the arrangement of the species.
Pelmatosilpha rotundata Scudder (PI. II, iig. 14; pi. HI, fig. 1.)
1900. Pehmtoailpha rotundata Scudder, Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vni, p. 93, pi. 2, fig. 5. [cf, 9 : Texas, (type) Panama.]
Costa Rica: no exact locality. One male. [A. N. S. P.]
This specimen fully agrees with Scudder^s description, and I
am figuring the distal tergite (supra-anal plate), cerci and apex of
the genital hook. The distal sternite (subgenital plate) bias been
damaged in the present individual. In size the latter agrees
almost exactly with Scudder’s measurements.
Caudell ^ and Hebard ^ have reported the species from Porto
BeUo, Panama. The specimen reported by me in 1906 as a
female of P. rotundata from the Reventazon River, Plains of
Santa Clara, Costa Rica, is not a member of this genus and is
being discussed elsewhere.^®
Pelmatosilpha macu ** new species (PI. Ill, figs. 2 and 3.)
Closely related to P. rotundata Scudder, from Panama, but
differing in its smaller size (body length, 9,19.5 mm.), smoother
tegmina, the distal extremity of which is more subtruncate and
less broadly rounded, in the more numerous (13-'14 instead of 9)
spines (including distals) on the ventro-cephalic margin of the
cephalic femora, and in the rufescent instead of blackish head
and limbs. The features of difference from P. miranha new
species, are given below under the latter form.
Type .— 9 ; Manaos, Amazonas, Brazil. May 12. (Roman.)
[Stockholm Museum.]
This specimen has been indicated as the type by Hebard (Mem. Amcr.
Entom. Soc., 2, p. 267, (1917)), and I fully agree with his conclusion that it
almost certainly was an accidental introduction from Central America.
** Insec. Inscit. Menst., u, p. 79, (1914).
2* Mem. Amer. Entom. Soc., 4, p. 101, (1920).
*^Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. PhUa., 1905, p. 792, (1906).
See page 55.
*« After the Macu aboriginal stock of the llio Negro region.
TRANS. AM. XNT. SOC., LVl.
40 NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAE (oRTHOPTERA)
Size small (for group); form and texture as in the related species;
surface of head, pronotum, tegmina, abdomen and limbs moder¬
ately polished.
Head broad, greatest width across eyes equal to the greatest
depth of head; face subdeplanate; occipital outline as seen in
cephalic aspect regularly arcuate, occipital interspace between
eyes slightly greater than the interspace between internal borders
of antennal scrobes (as 26 to 22); palpi relatively short, ultimate
and penultimate articles subequd in length, the latter strongly
infundibuliform and markedly tapering proximad; ultimate
article subsecuriform in profile, somewhat broadened in extensor
aspect; antepenultimate article longer than penultimate (as 13
to 11).
Pronotum of the form and character found in related species,
greatest width slightly less than one and one-half times the great¬
est length of pronotum.
Tegmina reaching caudad to the middle of the antepenultimate
abdominal tergite, relatively broad, greatest width contained but
twice in the greatest tegminal len^h; costal margin as a whole
gently arcuate but slightly flattened disto-mesad, rather sharply
rounding to the truncato-arcuate distal margin, which on the
sutural side rounds more broadly to the straight sutural margin;
anal field reaching very faintly distad of middle of tegmen, anal
sulcus distinctly indicated in distal third. Wings reaching to
tegminal apices when the alar organs are in repose.
Distal abdominal tergite (supra-anal plate) roughly trigonal in
outline with distal margin mesad broadly and rather shallowly
triangularly emarginate, greatest exposed length of tergite sub¬
equal to half greatest proximal width of same; lateral margins
of tergite shaUowly concave about cereal bases, thence nearly
straight oblique convergent for a distance, and finally gently
arcuate to the rounded rectangulate disto-lateral angles; width
of tergite at distal extremity less than a third the proximal width
of the tergite (as 15 to 50); surface of tergite very faintly and
roundly tectate medio-longitudinally, laterad of this elevation
concavely subexcavate, particularly proximad. Cerci shghtly
longer than greatest length of distal tergite (as 30 to 25), project¬
ing distad of same a distance equal to one-third of the cereal
length; in form the cerci are broad fusiform, regularly tapering in
distal half, deplanate dorsad. Distal abdominal sternite (sub¬
genital plate) with valves falling slightly short.of apex of distal
tergite.
Cephalic femora with eleven well-spaced spines on ventro-
cephalic margin in addition to distal pair. Caudal tibiae rela¬
tively stout but not expanded. Caudal metatarsi but slightly
more than half as long as the succeeding articles combined (as 19
to 35), pulvillus occupying one-fourth of length of metatarsus;
pulvilli large on tarsal articles two to four.
JAMES A. G. REHN
41
Gexieral color bay, paling to tawny on the normally covered
portion of the right tegmen, and becoming deep prout^s brown on
distal two-thirds of abdomen. Wings tawny. Head and limbs
vinaceous-mfous to brick red, the ventral portion of face brazil
red; antennae orange-mfous; eyes mummy brown; ocellar spots
and clypeus dull antimony yellow.
Length of body, 19.5 mm.; length of pronotum, 5.6; greatest
width of pronotum, 8.5; length of tegmen, 13.7; greatest width of
tegmen, 6.9.
The type of this species is unique.
Pelmatosilpha miranha new species (PI. Ill, figs. 4 and 5.)
This is the smallest fully alate species of the genus known. It is
closely related to P. macu, described above, but differs in its
appreciably smaller size (length of body of female, 17 mm.), in
the more compressed, subrostrate distal abdominal tergite
(supra-anal plate) of the female, which is strongly vaulted with
its apex deeply arcuate-excavate (instead of broadly trigonal-
emarginate), in the cerci being broader, stockier and less tapering
in distal half, and in the dull, more uniformly subpiceous color of
much of the exposed dorsal surface.
Type ,— 9 ; Rio Igaraparana,^* Oriente, Peru. August 14-17,
1920. (Cornell University Exped.) [Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia, Type no. 5480.]
Size very small (for genus); form as in P. macu.
Head as in P. macu.
Pronotum in general as in P. macu, but cephalic and lateral
margins more regularly and broadly rounded as seen in dorsal
aspect.
Tegmina of the type usual in the group, reaching caudad to the
distal margin of the antepenultimate abdominal tergite, in shape
essentially as in P. 7nacu, greatest width contained faintly less than
twice in the greatest tegminal length; costal margin with the
disto-median flattening much more evident than in P. macu:
distal margin as in macu.
Distal abdominal tergite (supra-anal plate) markedly trigonal,
much more narrowly so than in macu, subrostrate, in transverse
section distinctly elevated medio-longitudinally and vaulted,
although without a distinct carina at highest point; greatest
exposed length of tergite subequal to half greatest proximal width
of same, width of tergite at distal extremity equal to one-fifth’
After the Miranha aborigines of the Putumayo region.
** This is the most important tributary of the Rio Putumayo or Rio I^a,
entering this stream from the left at about 71° 30' W.
TEANS. AM. KNT. SOC., LVI.
42 NEOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAE (oRTHOPTEBA)
of proximal width of tergite (as 8 to 40); lateral niargins of termte
shaped as in macu, but distal margin of same is narrowly but
sharply and deeply arcuate-emarginate when seen from dorsumi
which concavity as seen in caudal aspect is subquadrate; caudo-
lateral angles very narrowly rounded; surface of tergite distinctly
impressed longitudinally on each side between cereal insertion
and median tectation, this pronounced proximad and reaching
for some distance distad thence intermarginally. Cerci slightly
longer than greatest length of distal tergite (as 25 to 20), project¬
ing distad of same a distance equal to one-fourth of cereal length;
in form the cerci are very broad fusiform, evenly shaped and not
at all tapering distad, the apex briefly acute; dorsal surface of
cerci deplanate. Distal abdominal sternite (subgenital plate)
with valves reaching to apex of distal tergite.
Cephalic femora spined as in P. macuP Caudal tibiae weakly
inflated, more appreciably expanded than in imcu. Caudal
metatarsi and pulvilli of caudal tarsi as in P. mocu.
General color above very dull and dark maroon, virtually
piceous on the tegmina and dorsum of the abdomen, becoming
dull bay on the pronotum. Ventral surface largely dull zinc
orange, much of the face with a large blotch of russet, a medio-
longitudinal cloud on the venter of the abdomen mars brown,
paling laterad. Caudal tibiae and tarsi, and weakly the median,
washed with russet; limb spines deep russet. Antennae dull
zinc orange. Eyes blackish bister. Ocellar spots and palpi
ochraceous-buff, the ultimate article of the palpi washed with
zinc orange and narrowly clouded distad with prout^s brown.
Cerci arid distal abdominal tergite bay, the cerci very narrowly
tipped with blackish.
Length of body, 17 mm.; length of pronotum, 5.3; greatest
width of pronotum, 6.9;*^’ length of tegmen, 11.5; greatest width
of tegmen, 6.
The type of this diminutive species is unique.
Pelmatosilpha alaris (Sanssure)
1864. PeHpl[a7ieia] alaris Sanssure, Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2c ser.
XVI, p. 319. [c?; Brazil.!
I have seen no material referable to this spiecies, which in size
more nearly agrees with P. guianae than with any other before me,
while the proportionate length of the cerci are as in that species
and in P. lata. The form of the distal sternite (supra-anal plate)
of the male in alariSf however, associates it with rotundaia^ and
not with guianae and lata. Saussure, subsequent to the original
On one limb but seven ventro-cephalic marginal spines are present, on
the other the usual eleven.
^ Estimated width, dextral side injured.
JAMES A. O. BERN
43
description, gave a much more complete description and a good
figure of the species.”
The head of alaris bears a transverse testaceous vitta, and the
cephalic margin of the pronotum is said to be similarly colored.
Pelmatosilpha guianae Hebard
1926. Pelmatosilpha guiatiae Hebard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Lxxvin,
p. 191, pi. 15, fig. 14. [cf; St. Jean du Maroni, French Guiana.]
Brazil: Rio Autaz, Amazonas. September. (Roman; taken
from under bark of tree.) One male. [Stockholm Museum.]
This specimen has been compared with Hebard's type and the
two clearly represent the same species. The Rio Autaz individual
is of a more recessive phase of coloration than the St. Jean du
Maroni type, having on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the
abdomen regularly placed lateral series of juxta-marginal orange-
ochraceous spots, one on each segment except the two distal
stemites and the three distal tergites, which lack clearly defined
markings. The distal tergite (supra-anal plate) and sternite
(subgenital plate) are more rufescent than the general abdominal
tone, while the piceous of the pronotum, tegmina and limbs is
lighter and clearer than in the type. In size the Rio Autaz
specimen is almost identical with the type.
Pelmatosilpha lata Hebard
1929. PelmcUosilpha laia Hebard, Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., lv, p. 361, pi.
14, figs. 1 and 2. [cf, 9 ; Kartabo (type locality), Kaiteur, Tumatumari
and Demerara, British Guiana.]
I have examined the original series of this very striking species,
which looks much like a very large edition of P. guianae, but has
marked differences in the shape and sculpture of the distal tergite
(supra-anal plate) of the male, and in the shape of the distal mar¬
gin of the tegmina.
Pelmatosilpha aterrima (Walker) (PI. Ill, figs. 6-9.)
1869. Periplaneta aterrima Walker, Catal. Derm. Salt, and Suppl. Blatt., p.
151. [d^;Pcru.]
1887. PdmatosUpha praestans Dohm, Stettin Entom. Zeit., xLvni, p. 411.
Id*, 9; “In confiniis Peruviae et Brasiliae (Fonteboa),” i.e. Fonteboa,
Amazonas, Brazil.]
31 M4m. Hist. Nat. Mexiq., m, p. 75, pi. 1, fig. 10, (1864), [cf ].
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
44 NEOTROPICAL BLATHDAB (orTHOPTERA)
Ecuador: Canelo$, Orionte.*® One male. [A. N. S. P.]
This robust species of large size differs from the others of this
group chiefly in the proportionately heavier head and pronotum.
The head is subcircular in ceph^c aspect, the greatest width
across the eyes being subequal to the greatest depth of the head,
while the occipital interspace between the eyes is very broad, very
faintly wider than the interspace between the internid margins
of the antennal scrobes, and the occipital outline, as seen in
cephalic aspect, is markedly arcuate, appreciably marked ofif from
the curvature of the eyes as seen in the same aspect. The prono¬
tum is heavy, subhexagonal, greatest width approximately
caudad of the middle, and subequal to greatest width of abdomen;
in transverse section the pronotum as a whole is regularly arcuate.
The distal abdominal tcrgite (supra-anal plate) is, with the cerci
and adjacent abdominal tergites as originally described, markedly
hirsute, the hairs on the distal tergite depressed or subdepressed;
in form the distal tergite is mesad produced trigonal, the great¬
est median length contained one and two-thirds times in greatest
proximal width of tergite, lateral margins regularly converging
distad from suprarcercal emarginations, distal margin deeply
V-emarginate with its lateral angles well rounded; in transverse
section the distal tergite is low tectate, with a weak medio-
longitudinal carination. Cerci one and two-thirds times as long
as median length of distal tergite, surpassing apex of same by
faintly more than half the cereal length, lanceolate, acute distad,
there faintly incurved, dorsal surface deplanate. Distal abdom¬
inal sternite (subgenital plate) transverse; interstylar section
of margin somewhat produced, its short lateral borders straight
convergent, weakly thickened and rounding to the very shallowly
obtuse-angulate median emargination; surface of distal sternite
shallowly biconcave.
The caudal tibiae of the male sex of praestans are heavy, ap¬
preciably inflated in lateral aspect, the marginal spines ail dis¬
tinctly arcuate distad.
“ This locality is at the head of the Rio Bobouaza, a tributary of the Rio
Fastaza, about 25 kilometers upstream from the better known locality of
Sara-yacu. The approximate position of Canelos is 80° W, 1° 35' S. This
specimen was recorded by llebard in 1924 as P. praenUms (Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phila., 1924, p. 125).
JAMES A. G. REHN
45
The specimen in hand measures as follows: length of body, 40.5
mm.; greatest width of head, 9.2; length of pronotum, 12.3;
greatest width of pronotum, 17; length of tegmen, 31.5; greatest
width of tegmen, 15.3. It will be seen that the Canelos individual
is appreciably larger than Dohrn’s male type.
The synonym given above was established in 1913 in a post¬
humous paper of Shelford.®* In 1907, some years previous, the
latter had examined Walker's type of aterrima,^ and he was
therefore familiar with that author's species.
With Shelford's 1913 record of the species from Santo Domingo
de los Colorados, Pichincha, Ecuador, the records given above
present our entire knowledge of the species.
Two New West Indian Species of Eurycotis
Eurycotis lixa “ new species (PI. IV, figs. 1-9.)
A near relative of the Hispaniolan E. tibialis Hebard,®® agreeing
in its general structure, marked tibial dilation in the male sex, and
in the general coloration, but differing in the less extreme tibial
dilation of the male, in the female sex having the caudal tibiae
with subparallel margins and no trace of the pinched dilation seen
in that sex of tibialis^ in the more slender tarsi, the less conical
and more lanceolate tegmina in both sexes, in the median emar-
gination of the margin of the ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate)
of the abdomen being obtuse-angulate, in the shorter, broader,
less acute and more lanceolate cerci of the female, and in the
narrower distal emargination of the ultimate abdominal tergite
(supra-anal plate) of the same sex.
The only known male of tibialis, the type, is not now available,
but the female specimen taken as an adventive at Orono, Maine,
and listed by Hebard in the original description, is before me.
Doubtless an actual comparison of male material will show addi¬
tional features of differential diagnostic value. The species are
clearly of similar origin, but abundantly distinct.
** Miss. Serv. Geogr. pour la inchure Arc de Mend. Equal., 1899-1906, x,
fasc. 4, p. 58, (1913).
Trans. Entom. Soc. London, 190G, p. 501, (1907).
** From lixttf a sutler or camp follower.
Entom. News, xxmi, p. 264, pi. 14, fig. 1 and text fig., (1916). [d', 9 ;
San Francisco Mountains, Dominican Republic; '‘San Dommgo.'"]
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
46 NEOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAE (OBTHOPTBEA)
Type, —cf; Taken at New York City on banana ship from
Jamaica. October 20, 1924. (F. M. Schott.) [Hebard Collec¬
tion, Type no. 1161.]
Size above average for genus: general form elliptical; surface as
a whole moderately polished.
Head broad cordiform, faintly deeper than greatest width
across eyes; interocular width of occiput very great, equal to one
and two-fifth times that between internal margins of antennal
scrobes (as 46 to 32); outline of occiput and eyes as seen in cephalic
aspect regularly and strongly arcuate; face subdeplanate ventrad.
Pronotum of type usual in genus, greatest length contained one
and one-third times in greatest caudal width of same: cephalic
margin relatively narrow, moderately arcuate, regularly passing
laterad into the oblique, caudad well arcuate, lateral margins;
caudal margin transversely truncate; caudo-lateral angles very
narrowly rounded.
Tegmina lateral, acute sublanceolate, but faintly surpassing
distal margin of mesonotum; greatest length slightly less than
one and one-half times greatest (faintly premedian) width:
costal margin nearly straight except for a brief proximal arcuation
and a similar arcuation distad to the narrowly acute apex;
sutural margin as a whole arcuate, but appreciably oblique
arcuato-truncate from point of greatest width (slightly proximad
of middle) to distal fourth; surface finely ru^lose.
Abdomen with caudo-lateral angles of tergites acute-produced,
but less spiniform than in E, tibialis; dorsum of abdomen dis¬
tinctly deplanate. Ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) trans¬
verse, broad subtrigonal, lateral portions of distal margin con¬
verging subsigmoid, mesad the margin is broadly and shallowly
obtuse-emarginate, passing laterad over broadly rounded paired
lobations into the oblique lateral portions of the margin; surface of
plate moderately impressed intermarginally. Cerci damaged.
Ultimate sternite (subgenital plate) transverse, greatest proximal
width slightly more than twice as great as median length; extra-
stylar lateral sections of margin of sternite converging subarcuate,
stylar depressions marked, interstylar portion of margin broadly
bilobate with a very shallow median emargination, the lobations
broader, lower and more evenly arcuate, and the emargination
less decided than in the case with the distal margin of the ulti¬
mate tergite; styles elongate, simple, as a whole regularly taper¬
ing, very acute distad.
limbs robust, compressed. Cephalic femora with spines of
ventro-cephalic margin heavy and regularly spaced, the tWo distal
decidedly larger than the others, the third of this series from distal
extremity distinctly shorter than distal pair but slightly longer
than the major part of the series. Median and caudal femora
stout: caudal tibiae decidedly inflated by expansion of flexor and
JAMES A. G. REHN
47
extensor surfacses, markedly fusiform in cephalic and caudal
aspects, these surfaces each with a depressed longitudinal sub-
fuEoform area, which may be medio-longitudinal or nearer the
extensor surface, which latter is narrowed although bearing the
usual triple series of spines. Caudal tarsi moderately compressed,
metatarsus shorter than remaining joints united, as 38 to 60,
its ventral surface not inflated but biseriately spinulose as usual
in genus.
Allotype .— 9 ; same data as type. [Hebard Collection.]
Differing from the above description of the male sex in the
following noteworthy features.
Size larger.
Pronotum with greatest length contained one and two-fifth
times in greatest caudal width of same.
Tegmina as in male but costal margin more evenly arcuate
throughout and apex less sharply acute.
Dorsum of abdomen as usual more convex. Ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) slightly transverse, trigonal-produced, greatest
proximal width nearly two and seven-tenth times the greatest
median length of the same, instead of less than twice the same as
in E, tibialis, median emargination of distal margin broadly
U-shaped, proportionately shallow, lateral borders of the emar¬
gination diverging dislad to the very narrowly rounded rectangu-
late junctions with the arcuate disto-lateral margins of the
tergite; surface of the tergite shallowly tectate in transverse
section. Antepenultimate tergite (the visible penultimate Um-
ited in normal position to short lateral sections) with its distal
margin broadly and markedly convex between supra-cercal
regions, mesad with the faintest possible emargination, the tergite
mesad markedly longer than in E. tibialis. Cerci broad lanceo¬
late, not at all elongate acuminate at apex, but faintly surpassing
apex of ultimate tergite, greatest width of cercus contained three
times in greatest length, instead of three and one-half times as in
E. tibialis. Ultimate sternite (subgenital plate) in ventral view
with lateral margins of valves forming a rectangulation, instead of
an obtuse angle as in E. tibialis; in profile distal and ventral out¬
line of valves regularly arcuate.
Caudal tibiae moderately robust but not fusiform dilated as in
male, the width subequal and flexor and extensor surfaces sub¬
parallel in distal two-thirds, no indication of depression of the
cephalic and caudal surfaces; extensor surface as a whole some¬
what broader than in male.
General color pitch black, in the male showing a maroon tinge
at certain angles; tibial and femoral spines deep maroon. Eyes
mummy brown (male) to pitch black (female); ocellar spots pale
yellow.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
48
NEOTBOPIC-AL BLATTIDAE (oRTHOPTBBA)
MeasuremenU (in miUimetera)
Length of
Interocular
Length of
Greatest width
body
width
pronotum
of pronotum
cf, tffpe .
. 26.2
3.8
8.3
12
9, allotype .
. 33
3.8
9.5
13
Length
Greatest ex¬
Length of
Length of
(costd) of
posed width
caudal
caudal
tegmen
of tegmen
tibia
tarsus
cT, type .
. 5.1
2.7
10
7.4
9, allotype .
. 5.7
2.9
10.7
7.6
The type and allotype are the only specimens of this striking
species I have seen. It is quite reasonable to suppose its native
home is Jamaica, and that it is in that island the complement of
the Hispaniolan E. tibialis.
Eurycotis improcera new species (PI. IV, figs. 10-12; pi. V, fig. 4.)
A close relative of E. similis Caudell, from Antigua,®* but im¬
mediately separable by its distinctly smaller size, squarely quad¬
rate tegmina, which also have the anal field abbreviate and trans¬
verse, the anal sulcus joining the sutural margin hardly distad of
the middle of the latter, by the interstylar portion of the distal
margin of the ultimate sternite (subgenital plate) of the male
being transversely truncato-arcuate, by certain differences of the
concealed genitalia, and by features of the coloration, as the more
extensive blackish spectacle-like pronotal marking, the broad
dark markings proximad on the discoidal and anal fields of the
tegmina, the complete dorsal and ventral lateral pale borders of
the abdomen, and the paler caudal tibiae and metatarsi, both of
which are dark annulate distad, thus agreeing with the color of the
immediately succeeding tarsal joints.
When compared with the Trinidadian E. decipiens (Kirby),
which is the third member of the species group to which improcera
belongs, the latter can at once be distinguished by the form of the
distal margin of the ultimate sternite (subgenital plate) of the
male, by appreciable differences in the form of the ultimate
tergite (supra-anal plate) of the same sex, as well as the sectionally
less exptinded caudal tibiae, and by details of the coloration of the
head, pronotum, tegmina, abdomen and limbs.
From improceruSf of small stature.
»*Univ. of Iowa Studies in Nat. Hist., x, p. 22, fig. 1, (1922). (cf, 9;
Antigua.]
JAMES A. G. REHN
49
In the general outline of the tegmina improcera more nearly
resembles decipiens than it does similia, but in the caudal tibial
form and the basic features of the color pattern the new species is
far more intimately aligned with the geographically nearer E,
similia. The proportions of the anal field of the tegmina and the
curve and unusual point of junction of the anal vein of the same
are features peculiar to improcera^ not shared with the allied
species.
Type, —cf; Prosperity, near Cane Bay, St. Croix, Virgin
Islands. February 27, 1925. (F. E. Lutz; in wooded cover.)
[American Museum of Natural History.]
Size small (when compared with E, similis and decipiens) ; form
and general appearance as in related species.
Head broad cordiform, greatest depth but faintly greater than
greatest width across eyes: interocular portion of occiput very
broad, distinctly wider than space between internal margins of
antennal scrobes (as 28 to 22); curve of occiput and eyes regular
and continuous. Palpi of medium build; ultimate and penulti¬
mate articles of equal length, the former infundibuliform; ante¬
penultimate article one and two-fifth times as long as penultimate
(as 15 to 11).
Pronotum of same character and proportions as in the related
species; cephalic margin less truncate, more truncato-arcuate;
caudal margin truncate, becoming sub-obliquely arcuate as the
caudo-lateral angles are approached, as in the same sex of E.
decipiens.
Tegmina quadrate, faintly broader than costal length, reaching
to the lateral bases of the third abdominal tergite: costal margin
faintly arcuate, sharply rounding over the disto-costal angle;
sutural margin similarly arcuate and more narrowly rounding
over the disto-sutural angle; distal margin transversely subtrun¬
cate: venation and fields as a whole but obscurely indicated, and
then mainl}^ by the intercalated areolate pattern; anal field well
defined by the deeply impressed distal half of the anal sulcus,
which is transversely oblique in its trend, joining the sutural
margin at the middle of its length, and forming an anal area, the
greatest width of which is but three-fifths the greatest (oblique)
length of the same.
Abdomen relatively broad, appreciably exceeding the pro-
notal width, general structure as in E. decipiens. Ultimate
tergite (supra-anal plate) transverse, lateral margins conver^g
concave to relatively broad bilobations, which are separated by
an obtuse-angulate median emargination, broader and more
open than that of E. decipiens^ marginal hairs fewer than in the
TBJIR6. AM. ENT. SOC., LYI.
50 NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAB (ORTHOPTERAj
latter species. Cerci in form and proportions as in dedpiens.
Ultimate sternite (subgenital plate) transverse, greatest normally
exposed length but one-third of greatest proxii^ width; lateral
sections of margin to stylar fossae brief, oblique subarcuate;
stylar fossae relatively deep, concave; interstylar portion of
margin but moderately produced, arcuate laterad, passing into a
broadly and shallowly subconcave median section: styles elongate,
styliform, acute, appreciably arcuate.
Concealed genitalia: sinistral hook much as figured by Caudell
for E. similis but the bend of the shaft is more evenly curved and
the extremity is more obliquely docked; sinistral whip-like
appendage (figure le of Caudell) proportionately longer, more
filiform and more curved; as the type is unique dissection for
additional concealed features is unwarranted.
Limbs robust, femoral and tibial spination heavy: caudal
femora distinctly enlarged, stocky: caudal tibiae appreciably
fusiform in cephalic and caudal aspects, the proximal portion
more slender than the distal; in extensor aspect the femur is
seen to be of moderate and uniform thickness, not compressed in
any portion of its length. Caudal tibiae with the more distal
articles together appreciably longer than the metatarsus (as 32
to 27), in profile the metatarsus moderately but regularly enlarg¬
ing distad, ventral biseriate spines marked.
General color of head, pronotum, tegmina and limbs cinnamon-
buff with a pinkish tinge mesad on the pronotum; general tone of
abdomen (both discal surfaces) and head, pronotal, tegminal
and limb maculations pitch black, on the abdomen with a maroon
tinge in certain lights. Head with a broad interocular dark bar
on the frons, mesad this extending ventrad in a rectangulate
extension between the eyes; clypeus, labrum and adjacent lower
face infuscate; eyes mummy brown to pitch black; antennae pale
zinc orange becoming tawny proximad; palpi of the general color.
Pronotum with a dark pattern composed of a pair of cephalad
converging and narrowly connected elongate-elliptical markings,
forming a spectacle-shaped figure; caudal margin between points
dorsad of tegminal articulations bordered with dark, enlarged
at the lateral extremities but not connected with the main dark
marking of the pronotal disk; lateral and cephalic margins of the
pronotum pencilled with dark, finely so cephalad. Tegmina
with that section of the paired tegmina subjacent to the dark
caudal section of the pronotum similarly but more broadly dark,
laterad extending distad some distance in the general situation
of the humeral trunk, and in an attenuating degree along the
sutural margin to and beyond the junction of the anal sulcus;
impressed section of anal sulcus lined distad with dark. Abdo¬
men on both surfaces with broad subequal lateral apricot orange
•• Vide supra, p. 24, fig. la.
JAMES A. G. REHN
51
borders reaching distad to cereal bases. Narrow lining of ventral
margins of femora, a narrow dorsal medio-longitudinal clouding
of same, proximal and distal annulations of the tibiae, a distal
banding of the metatarsi and distal tarsal article and general
clouding of the other tarsal articles, dark; femoral and tibial
spines chestnut-brown.
Length of body, 18 mm.; interocular width, 2.3; length of
pronotum, 6.9; greatest width of pronotum, 7.9; length of teg-
men, 5.4; greatest width of tegmen, 6.5; length of caudal tibia,
6.2; length of caudal tarsus, 4.9.
In addition to the type I have before me a female individual in
the instar preceding maturity, which bears the same data as the
type. I have not drawn upon it for morphological characters on
account of its immature condition. In coloration it agrees with
the type, except that the dark color of the abdominal disk extends
cephalad over the metanotum and mesonotum and the pronotal
disk solidly, except for weak maroon tendencies mesad on the
metanotum and mesonotum, and a subochraceous area on the pro¬
notum in the place of the pale area caudad on the disk in the
type. As in the immature condition of other species of the genus
the lateral pale borders are continuous from the pronotum to the
abdomen.
The differentiation of Eurycotis and Pelmatosilpha remains as
uncertain as it was in 1927.^ The genotypes of Eurycotis. and
Pelmatosilpha are quite distinct, as stated by Rehn and Hebard,
but only by a comprehensive study of the species which have been
referred to both genera will their true generic associations be
determined. This treatment is not possible at this time, and
for the present I prefer to use the generic names as applied by
Rehn and Hebard in 1927.
Nyctiborinak
The Gemis Muzoa Hebard
The genus Muzoa was erected in 1921 by Hebard for a species
of nyctiborid, which at first glance appears far less different from
forms of the genus Nyctibora than more extensive examination
shows to be the case. The original species was described from
Muzo, Boyacd, Colombia, and, with a single exception, our
^ See Rehn and Hebard, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., liv, p. 147, (1927).
^ Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., xlvu, p. 131, pi. 9, figs. 20 and 21, (1921).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVl.
52 NEOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAE (oBTHOPTEBA)
knowledge of the genus in past litdtBture is limited to the de¬
scription of the genus and the genotype. The exception is that,
years ago in 1905,1 reported a female blattid from the Reventazon
Biver, Plains of Santa Clara, Costa Rica, as Peltnaiosilpha
rotundaia Scudder.^ At that time Pelmatosilpha rotundcda was
known to me solely from the literature, and the specimen in
question, which is now before me, proves to represent a new
species of the genus Muzoa. In recent years I have personally
taken both sexes of the Costa Rican Muzoa, which is here de¬
scribed.
The symmetrical tarsal claws of Muzoa will at once distinguish
that genus from Nyctibora, while there is a general but fine punc-
tulose surface texture of the body and tegmina, beneath the sparse
and very short vesture, which is different from the condition
found in Nyctibora. Hebard’s generic description sums up the
salient features of the genus.
Muzoa aimplex Hebaxd
1921. Muzoa simplex Hebard, Trans. Amcr. Entom. Soc., xlvii, p. 132, pi.
9, figs. 20 and 21. [d*; Muzo, BoyacA, Colombia.]
Hebard’s type is now before me, as well as the immature
individuals from Villavicencio, Intendencia del Meta, Colombia,
recorded by him at the time of the original description.
Muzoa madida new species (PI. II, figs. 15-17; pi. Ill, figs. 10 and 11.)
When compared with the male of M. simplex that sex of the
present species is seen to differ in its appreciably smaller size, its
deeper and more slenderly cordiform head, proportionately
narrower, more lanceolate and distally less subtruncate tegmina,
more strongly arcuate produced interstylar portion of the distal
margin of the distal abdominal stemite (subgenital plate), and
the more tapering, less robust, styles of the same. As the female
sex of M. simplex is not known comparison is not possible.
Type. —cT; Near La Emilia, Gudpiles District, Costa Rica.
Elevation about 1000 feet. September 15, 1927. (Rehn; under
dead wood in dense second-growth forest.) [Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia. Type no. 5481.]
“Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1906, p. 792, (1905).
** Prion madidus, i.e. wet, so^ed, drenched, in allurion to its rain-forest
habitat.
JAMES A. G. BEHN
63
Form and shape as in M. implex; size distinctly less than that
of the same sex of simplex; texture of pronotum and tegmina more
coarsely impresso-punctulose, producing a finely cribrose effect.
Head rather narrowly cordiform in cephalic aspect, greatest
width across eyes distinctly less than greatest depth of head, the
ratio being 9 to 11; lateral margins of genae, as seen in cephalic
aspect, nearly straight convergent ventrad; entire buccal region
distinctly smaller proportionately than in M. simplex; frons
between occiput and ocelli subdeplanate; occipital interspace
between eyes hardly more than half as wide as that between
internal margins of antennal scrobes (as 12 to 23); eyes not at all
prominent. Palpi with ultimate article slightly longer than the
antepenultimate, robust securiform; penultimate article three-
fourths as long as ultimate article, slightly longer than ante¬
penultimate, iiffundibuliform.
Pronotum of same shape as in ikf. simplex,
Tegmina with its greatest width contained nearly two and one-
half times in its ^eatest length, long margins parallel and width
subequal in median half; costal margin distinctly arcuate proxi-
mad, and in distal fourth less sharply rounding to the apex than
in M, simplex, the apex much more narrowly rounded and slightly
nearer costal than sutural margin, latter in distal fourth rounding
to apex like the costal margin, elsewhere nearly straight: marginal
field relatively broad, reaching but briefly distad of apex of anal
field; scapular field somewhat more definite than in M, simplex;
anal field broad pyriform, its greatest width, as in M, simplex,
at the middle of its greatest length: discoidal sectors and axillary
veins of the anal field as in M, implex, but somewhat more pro¬
nounced. Wings as in M, simplex but with anterior field pro¬
portionately narrow, its greatest width contained about two and
one-third times in greatest length of same, instead of but little
more than twice as in M. simplex; apex of anterior field agreeing
with apex of tegmina in its arcuation, which is more strongly and
less broadly arcuate than in M, simplex: costal veins where
springing from discoidal vein seven in number, of these three being
bifurcate, and several of the rami are again divided, making four¬
teen at the margin; medio-discoidal and medio-ulnar areas sub¬
equal in width; ulnar vein quinque-ramose, several rami being
bifurcate.
Abdomen with distal tergite (supra-anal plate) moderately
transverse, its free margin arcuate with a weak median emargina-
tion, much less pronounced than that of M, simplex; distal ster-
nite (subgenital plate) with interstylar portion of free margin'
markedly produced arcuate, much more prominent than in
M. simplex; styles simple, tapering, more elongate and more
slender than in simplex: cerci of the type found in M, simplex but
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
64
NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAB (oBTHOPTBRA)
proportionately longer and narrower, their greatest width con¬
tained two and one-half times in greatest length, more tapering
in outline.
Limb as in M. simplex, but somewhat more slender, particularly
the femora.^^
Allotype .— 9 ; same locality as type. September 13, 1927.
(Rehn; shaken from a thick mat of hanging dead vegetation in
dense primaeval forest.) [Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia.]
Differing from the description of the male sex in the following
noteworthy features.
Size larger, but in some features not equal to male of simplex.
Head somewhat broader than in male, the ratio of greatest
width across eyes to greatest depth of head being 53 to 58;
occipital interspace between eyes nearly two-thirds as wide as that
between internal margins of antennal scrobes (as 16 to 25).
Tegmina with its greatest width contained two and one-fifth
times in its greatest length; venation and fields as in male.
Abdomen broadly deplanate dorsad as in male. Distal tergite
(supra-anal plate) moderately transverse, symmetrically subtrap-
ezoidal, distal margin moderately bilobate with a shallow
median emargination. Distal sternite (subgenital plate) large,
moderately transverse, as a whole moderately convex ventrad in
transverse section; distal margin obtuse-angulate emarginate on
each side laterad of the cerci, intercercally the margin being
bent dorsad and tucked inward, dorso-cephalad, producing a
groove-like emargination as seen in caudal elevation.** Cerci as
in male.
General color deep fuscous-brown, showing clear pitch brown
or maroon on thin chitin as the tegmina, the vesture pale golden.
Pronotum faintly maroon in certain areas. Eyes chestnut to
** The more proximal and shortest of the threfe distal spines on the ventro-
cephalic margin of the cephalic femora described in M. simplex and seen in
that type, is generally obsolete in M, madida, but one of the three specimens
of the species showing any indication of it. The other spines of the same
group are typically developed.
This condition is in the allotype only, and is probably due to contraction
or a paroxysmal flexing of the sternite, as the paratypic female is quite dif¬
ferent in this respect. The latter specimen, however^ shows an opposite
extreme, the anal orifice being open and inflated, the distal sternite widely
separated from the distal tergite, and the distal margin of the former is straight
oblique from the lateral emarginations to a median obtusely-arcuate section,
the ventral surface of which is somewhat flexed dorsad, and which in the
allotype is probably infolded thus producing the groove-like emargination
described.
JAMES A. G. BEEN
65
blackish. Ocellar spots, clypeus and, less markedly, the labrum,
ochraceous-buff. Most of the anterior field of wing and narrow
costal section of posterior field washed with dresden brown,
veins of posterior field pencilled in a darker tone, anterior field
darkening distad and heavily infuscate distad along the costal
border. Limbs showing much dark maroon on coxae, tro¬
chanters and femora, tibial spines madder brown to brick red;
distal tarsal joint dull zinc orange, somewhat infuscate distad,
tarsal claws and arolia zinc orange, the former infuscate toward
apices.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length Length Greatest Length Greatest
of of width of of width of
body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
d.type . 19,2 6.3 9 16 6.9
9, allotype . 22 7 10.4 17.5 8
9 j paraiype . 24.3 8 11.5 18.2 8.3
In addition to the type and allotype I have before me the
female specimen in the Academy collection previously recorded as
Pelmatosilpha roiundata (vide supra). This specimen I am con¬
sidering a paratype. It was taken by Prof. Pablo Biolley in
December, 1904, along the Reventazon in the Santa Clara Plains,
at 200 meters elevation, from under leaves in forest. This
specimen is larger than the allotype, but shows no noteworthy
differences which have not been touched upon above.
The type was taken in a very dense second growth forest where
the leaf canopy was heavy and the natural thinning out process of
the growing forest had not as yet opened the usual aisles of the
mature forest. The allotype was taken several miles distant in
mature heavy forest which carried great masses of hanging vines
and other creepers, although but few lianes. These suspended
canopies often supported mats of rotting vegetation and leaf
mould, oozing water from the frequent drenchings of the rainy
season, and one of these humus laden tangles held, among other
things, the female of Muzoa here described as the allotype. In
both cases I recognized the genus at once, but exhaustive search
failed to reveal any other individuals. In my opinion Muzoa is
local and uncommon, and I doubt very much whether it is ever as
numerous as Nyctibora is at times.
TRANS. AM. SNT. SOC., LVX.
56 NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAE (ORTHOPTBRA)
Epilamprinae
A New Genus Apparently Related to Pinaconota
In 1912 a bromeliadicolous blattid from Trinidad was de¬
scribed as Homalopteryx scotti, in a posthumous note by Shelford
contained in an article by Hugh Scott on bromeliad-inhabiting
animals.^® I now have before me a topotypic female of this
species, taken on Mt. Tucuch6, Trinidad, at an elevation of 2000-
3000 feet, January 17, 1924, by Dr. S. A. Neave, and belonging
to the Hebard Collection, received in exchange with the British
Museum. The most cursory examination shows at once the
species is not at all related to Homalopteryx^ as properly repre¬
sented by the genotype H, capucina Brunner, and H. laminata
of the same author.'*^
A comparison of Homalopteryx^^ scotti with various genera
demonstrates that it represents a new genus probably as near to
Pinaconota Saussure as to any other genus known at this writing.
DRYADOBLATTA new genus
Differing from Pinaconota Saussure chiefly in the smoother,
more glabrous surface, the heavy robust build, in the occipital
interocular space in the female being distinctly broader than the
distance between the ocellar spots, in the slender palpi, in the
corneous tegmina, in the convex dorsum of the female abdomen,
in the two instead of one distal spine on the ventro-cephalic
margin of the cephalic femora, the remainder of which margin has
the spination reduced to a single premedian group of two, in the
caudal metatarsus being subequal in length to the remainder of
the tarsus, and with its pulvillus reaching distad for two-thirds of
the length of the article, the latter completely unarmed ventrad.
In the present incomplete state of our knowledge of the
diagnostic features of the genera placed in the Epilamprinae, and
in the absence of any phylogenetic concept of their classification,
Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), x, p. 431, pi. 10, figs. I and 2. [cf, 9 ;
Summit of Mount Tucuch4, Trinidad, 3100 feet elevation.]
For a discussion of Homalopteryx see Rehn and Hebard, Bull. Amer* Mus.
Nat. Hist., Liv, pp. 236-237, (1927).
^•Rev. Suisse de Zool., m, pp. 333, 337, (1895). Genotype —BlaUa hifae-
data Saussure, 1862.
o fVom Z>n^as, a wood-nymph, and in aUusion to the bromeliadicolous
habits of the genus.
JAMES A. Q. REHN
57
it seems best to compare DryadoblaUa with Pinaconota. Future
study may show the two genera are not closely related, but it is
not possible at this writing to attempt an analytic treatment of
the genera of the subfamily. It is certain, however, that Dryado-
blatta is not closer in relationship to any of the other genera, and
its agreement with Pinaconota in many features is marked.
Generic Characters. Form of female broad ovoid, depressed;
surface glabrous, texture corneous. Head of female visible
cephalad of pronotum as seen from dorsum; in cephalic aspect
broad cordiform; occiput very broad, distinctly broader than
inter-ocellar distance, slightly greater than width between anten¬
nal scrobes, occipital outline arcuate in cephalic aspect; face
subdeplanate: palpi slender; distal article slightly longer than
penultimate, not expanded. Pronotum of female semicircular in
outline, caudal margin subtruncate, caudo-lateral angles narrowly
rounded; lateral portions of pronotum weakly deflexed and sub¬
concave dorsad. Tegmina of female abbreviate, lanceolate,
reaching to base of sixth abdominal tergite, corneous; sutural
margin sharply oblique arcuato-truncate in distal half; apex
narrow, but broadly rounded and subsutural in position: venation
evident but not conspicuous; anal sulcus well defined, regularly
arcuate, humeral trunk similarly indicated: marginal field broad,
but not reaching middle of tegmen, subconcave dorsad. Wings
of female reaching to tegminal apices when in repose; costal veins
simple, tracheate, non-clavate; medio-discoidal and medio-ulnar
areas narrow, subequal; discoidal, median and ulnar veins in
distal three-fourths subparallel. Cephalic femora with ventro-
cephalic margin armed distad with a pair of unequal spines,
followed proximad by a series of spinulations and finally by a
proximal pair of short, stocky spines; ventro-caudal margin with
two well-spaced spines in distal half. Median and caudal
femora having both ventral margins with pronounced spines.
Caudal tarsi compressed; metatarsus subequal in length to re¬
maining tarsal joints together, with pulvillus extending proximad
for two-thirds of metatarsal length, the proximal section narrow
and acute; venter of metatarsus completely unspined; second to
fourth tarsal joints with marked pulvilli; arolia large; tarsal claws
equal, margin simple.
TRANS. AM. XNT. SOC., LVI.
58 NKOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAE (oBTHOPTEKA)
Genotype. — Homalopteryx acoUi Shelford.
At a casual glance the genot 3 rpic species could readily be mis*
taken for a shorter winged relative of Nyctibara laevigata (Drury),
of Jamaica and Hispaniola, its coloration strongly suggesting that
species. Any more extensive examination, however, shows the
many points of difference which at once remove DryadoblaUa
from consideration with Nyctibara, and place it in the Epilam-
prinae.
Perisphaerinae
Ne'fv Genera and Species
In 1927 Rehn and Hebard ^ tentatively referred to the genus
Poroblaita Hebard,®^ two West Indian species which were described
in 1892 and 1893 by Brunner as Parasphaeria nigra and Pera-
sphaeria (sic) rufipes respectively. At the time the manuscript
of their West Indian study was prepared no males of typical
Poroblaita were accessible, as those authors then stated, and in
consequence their assignment was made tentatively. Recently
Hebard, from the evidence of the types of nigra and rufipes, has
concluded that those two are specifically inseparable, and I am
following him in using the name nigra for the species. Male
specimens of both Poroblaita and Acroporoblatta Hebard are now
available, and it is evident that nigra, represents a very distinct
undescribed genus.
NAUCLIDAS w new genus
This very distinct genera is at once separable from Colaptero-
blatta, Poroblaita, Acroporoblatta, and Galiblaita Hebard, Mio-
blatta Saussure, Cariacasia Rehn and Brachycola Serville by the
male sex having abbreviate lateral tegmina, instead of being fully
alate as in those mentioned. From Oxycercus Bolivar the new
genus is distinguished conversely by possessing lateral slip*like
tegmina instead of being apterous, as well by abdominal features.
w Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., ltv, p. 318.
“ Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc,, xnv, p. 123, (1919).
“ Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1892, p. 206, pi. 15, fig. 7, (1892). [cf, 9 ; St.
Vincent, West Indies.]
“ Idem, 1893, p. 604, pi. 52, fig. 3, (1893). [ 9 ; Balthazar, Grenada, West
Indies.]
Trans, Amer. Entom. Soc., lv, p. 384, (1829).
•• Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., xlv, p. 126, (1919).
w From NawcXel^a, Nauclidaa, a Spartan ephor.
JAMES A. G. REHN
59
The genus Parasphaeria Brunner has the female sex with tegmina
as in NaudidaSt but the structure of the dorsum of the pronotum
shows that Paraaphaeria is a member of the Hormetica complex
along with Brachycolay while Naudidas belongs to the assemblage
which also comprises Colapterohlattaj Poroblatta, AcroporobUUta
and Galiblatta. With the male sex of all of these genera before me
I would place Naudidas nearer Galiblatta than to any other
of the genera mentioned. In Litopeltis and Cariacasia the caudal
metatarsus is proximally biseriately spinulose ventrad, which
character at once removes these genera from the vicinity of the
Poroblatta complex, although their general appearance much
suggests the latter assemblage.
Generic Characters, —Subapterous in both sexes, integument
strongly chitinized, surface crassly impresso-punctate. Head
almost entirely covered by cucullate pronotum, broad subcordi-
form in outline; eyes sublateral; occipital interocular space in male
very broad, equal to that between inner margins of antennal
scrobes; palpi short, penultimate article shorter than ultimate;
antennae equal to half of body length. Pronotum distinctly
cucullate, concavo-declivent laterad, transversely subdepressed
cephalad, lateral margins subreflexed and markedly cingulate.
Tegmina reduced, lateral, sublanceolate, heavily chitinized, costal
margin strongly cingulate, apex narrowl}^ rounded. Wings
absent. Abdomen with tergites strongly vaulted transversely;
seventh tergite unusually developed in longitudinal extent,
subcucullate, reaching to apex of abdomen, leaving but apex of
ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) exposed: cerci very short,
heavy, little evident: seventh sternite relatively long; ultimate
sternite (subgenital plate) asymmetrical. Limbs robust; ven¬
tral margins of femora unarmed; caudal tibiae with spines of
extensor surface triseriate: tarsi very stout, short; caudal meta¬
tarsus no longer than three succeeding joints together, unspined
beneath, pul villus extending more than half way to base; tarsal
claws equal, margins unspecialized; arolia large.
Genotype. — Parasphaeria nigra Brunner.
*7Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Lxxvin, p. 236, pi. 17, figs. 12 and 13,
(1926). Genotype— G, cribroaa Hebard [French Guiana].
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
60 NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAE (oRTHOPTERA)
PorobUtta pluto new species (PI. IV, fig. 13; pi. V, fig. 5.)
This species is more nearly related to P. cylindrica Hebard,**
from the Santa Marta region of Colombia, than it is to P. apatela
of the same author,®® from Santander, Colombia. From cylin-
drica the present species differs in the female sex in the smaller
size, the more polished, although regularly impresso-punctate
integument, in the greatly reduced and lateral lobiform tegmina,
which but slightly surpass the caudal margin of the mesonotum,
in the absence of wing rudiments, in the slightly longer limbs, in
the longer tibial spines and in the proximally more narrowed cau¬
dal tibiae. From the female of apatela the present species can at
once be distinguished by the narrower dorsal portion of the eyes
(which are as in P. cylindrica), by the smaller size, the less de-
planate face, the completely lateral tegmina, the absence of wing
rudiments, and the more heavily impresso-punctate surface of
the abdomen. The male of pluto is unknown.
Type .— 9; Venezuela. [Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia, Type no. 5488.]
Form as in the same sex of the other species of the genus; sur¬
face moderately polished, entire dorsum and much of venter
regularly impresso-punctate.
Head in dorsal view narrowly visible cephalad of pronotum, in
cephalic view slightly deeper than broad (as 49 to 45), broad
cordiform in outline, that of occiput broadly arcuate, its curvature
continued without break in the eye outlines, the eyes being not at
all prominent, their dorsal sections little broadened, in lateral
view their dorsal width less than half of the greatest dimension
of the eye (as 10 to 22): face not deplanate, low arcuate in trans¬
verse section; interspace between internal margins of antennal
scrobes somewhat less than the occipital width between eyes (as
23 to 26). Antennae in length reaching to slightly caudad of
middle of body. Palpi short, relatively robust; ultimate article
slightly shorter than antepenultimate article (as 9 to 10); penulti¬
mate article slightly shorter than ultimate (as 8 to 9), markedly
infundibuliform.
Pronotum with lateral sections strongly decurved in transverse
section, cephalad embracing head: cephalic margin arcuate and
passing regularly into the gently arcuate and rather narrowly
cingulate lateral margins; caudal margin truncate in its entirety,
caudo-lateral angles narrowly rounded rectangulate: surface of
M In allusion to its somber coloration.
•• Trans. Am. Entom. Soc., xlv, p. 126, pi. 19, fig. 4, (1919). [ 9 ; Cincin¬
nati, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia.]
» Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xlv, p. 124, pi. 19, fig. 3, (1919). [ 9 ; La Pahneta,
Santander, Colombia.]
JAliES A. O. KEEN
61
E ronotum with a pair of indefinite shallow impressions cephalo-
iterad, intermarginal sections of lateral portions of pronotum
subooncave; pronotal impresso-punctations coarser and sparser
than those of abdomen.
Tegmina reduced, chitinous, lateral, blunt lanceolate, but
briefly surpassing caudal margin of mesonotum, greatest (pron-
mal) width five-sevenths of greatest (costal) length: costal margin
gently arcuate, crassly subcingulate; sutural margin largely
oblique subtruncate; apex bluntly oblique arcuato-truncate;
surface impresso-punctations as on pronotum. Caudal margin
of mesonotum truncate. Metanotum with caudo-lateral sections
moderately produced caudad, lateral margins subarcuate, nar¬
rowly cingulate, immediate angle of productions rectangulate;
caudal margin of metanotum in consequence as a whole subcon¬
cave, its median section truncate. No wings present.
Abdomen of the type found in the same sex of all the known
species of the genus. Ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) trans¬
verse, its median length contained two and one-half times in
greatest width of same (as 17 to 43); distal and lateral margins
broadly and regularly arcuate, with very faint indication of a
median emargination; surface of tergite subexcavate laterad, in
its entirety finely subshagreenous. Cerci very stout, short, not
more than half as long as ultimate tergite, broadly and obesely
fusiform, depressed apex acute. Ultimate sternite (subgenital
plate) large, rather broadly scoop-shaped in section; distal margin
as seen in ventral aspect sinuately arcuato-obtuse-angulate,
weakly concave ventrad of cerci, apex broadly arcuate.
Limbs robust. Ventro-caudal margins of median and caudal
femora armed with three spaced spines in addition to distal one;
ventro-cephalic margins of same unarmed; both ventral margins of
cepWic femora unspined except for distal spine on each. Caudal
tibiae moderalely compressed, in lateral view regularly broaden¬
ing in proximad two-fifths. All tibial spines relatively large.
Caudal metatarsus equal to three-sevenths of entire tarsus (as 15
to 35), subcompressed, its pulvillus large and reaching (fistad
nearly to base of article; second, third and fourth articles of tarsi
very short, with pulvilli covering their entire ventral surfaces;
aroUa large; tarsal claws equal, their margins unspecialized.
General color very deep liver brown to blackish brown, the
limbs burnt sienna to pale orange-rufous, the buccal region, ocel¬
lar spots and antennae proximad ochraceous-orange, the antenna
becoming cinnamon-brown distad. Palpi pale ochraceous-orange.
Eyes bister. Tibial spines burnt sienna, darker at tips. Pronb-
tum with weak traces of paired yellowish clouds cephalo-laterad.
TBANS. JM. XNT. SOC., LVI.
62
NBOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAB (oBTHOPTBRA)
MeoaunmenJU (in miUimetera)
Greatest
Length of Length of (caudal) Length of
body pronotum width of teg^en
pronotum
9 y type . 21 5.20 6.80 2.18
9,pctratype . 21.2 5.29 7.05 1.93
In addition to the type I have before me a paratypic female
bearing the same date as the type. It fully agrees with the latter
in all features.
STYPHON new genus
This is a very distinctive genus occupying an isolated position
and not closely related to any of the previously known genera.
Possessing abbreviate lateral tegmina in both sexes, no wings,
and a smoothly cucullate pronotum with no traces of hormeticoid
sculpture or cicatrices, it also is distinguished by lacking tarsal
arolia. In Styphon the femora are all unarmed ventrad, except
for a group of two or three spines proximad on the ventro-cephalic
margin of the cephalic femora.
While the absence of arolia and the femoral armament strongly
suggest Parahormeticaf the smooth pronotum with non-reflexed
margins, the elongate caudal metatarsal pulvillus, which reaches
virtually to the base of the metatarsus, instead of but half way as
in Parahormetica, and the absence of wing rudiments, will at once
enable the student to distinguish Styphon from Parahormetica.
Generic Characters. —Subapterous. Head broad, face subde-
planate; eyes less remote occipitally than antennal scrobes.
Pronotum regularly cucullate, vaulted, completely covering
head; surface smooth, unimpressed, non-cicatricose and not
deplanate; lateral and cephalic margins narrowly cingulate.
Tegmina chitinous, lateral, lanceolate lobiform. Wings absent.
Abdomen hardly depressed. Limbs robust, subfossorial; ventral
femoral margins unarmed except for a proximal group (2-‘*3) of
stout spines on ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora;®*
distal femoral spines present on all femora except ventro-caudad
on median femora; dorso-genicular spines present on median and
caudal femora: median and caudal tibiae with extensor surface
triseriately spinose. Caudal metatarsus unspined ventrad, with
“ From Styphon, a Spartan commander.
These spines are absent in rare instances.
JAMES A. G. REHN
63
pulvilluB extending virtually to base. Arolia absent. Tarsal
claws equal, margins unspecialized.
Genotype. —Styphon bakeri new species.
Styphon bakeri new species (PL IV, figs. 14-16; pi. V, figs. 6 and 7.)
Type. —c?; Island of Bonaire, Dutch West Indies [Dutch
Leeward Islands]. August 5 to 30, 1922. (H. Burrington
Baker.) [Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Type no.
5489.]
Size moderately large (for subfamily): form elliptical, greatest
body width approximately one-half greatest body length, sub-
deplanate ventrad, distinctly convex transversely on dorsal sur¬
face: texture of surface moderately polished, of dorsum of thoracic
segments shallowly pauci-impresso-punctate; of dorsum of abdo¬
men with sparse but distinct and seriately arranged depressed
subshagreenous points, most evident along the caudal margins of
the tergites, in the fashion seen in many members of the Epi-
lamprinae; surface of venter of abdomen finely wrinkled laterad,
except that of ultimate sternite (subgenital plate), which is entirely
glabrous.
Head broad, short cordiform, width across mandibles greater
than usual, lateral outlines regularlj^ arcuate from mandibular
bases dorsad across eyes, which are in no way protuberant, to the
gently arcuate occiput; greatest width across eyes equal to twelve-
thirteenths of greatest depth of head (as 59 to 65); occipital.width
between eyes moderately broad, equal to five-sevenths that
between internal margins of antennal scrobes (as 25 to 34):
face subdeplanate with a few scattered impresso-punctae and a
faint transverse subcrescentic impression between ocellar spots.
Eyes in lateral aspect subreniform, greatly narrowed ventrad,
relatively broad dorsad. Antennae equal to half of body length.
Palpi with ultimate article very slightly longer than antepenulti¬
mate article (as 12 to 11); penultimate article slightly shorter
than antepenultimate article (as 10 to 11), stoutly infundibuli-
form,
Pronotum in dorsal view broad semicircular, the curvature
faintly narrowed cephalad, greatest caudal width equal to one
and two-third times greatest length; lateral sections of margin
gently arcuate, regularly converging to the short and rather
narrowly rounded cephalic section of the same; caudo-lateral
angles narrowly rounded rectangulate, caudal margin as a whole
transversely truncate, very shallowly and faintly concave laterad
above tegminal bases; lateral portions of margin distinctly more
broadly cingulate than is the case with the cephalic section; in
** Dedicated to its collector, Dr. H. Burrington Baker, the maJacologist.
TEAKS. AM. XNT. SOC., LVI.
64 NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAE (oBTHOPTERA)
profile the pronotum outline is low convex; in transverse section
it is stron^y domed convex, more strongly arcuate and declivent
laterad.
Tegmina separated by a distance at least three times their
greatest width, tapering lanceolate, surpassing caudal margin
of mesonotum by less than one-third of tegminal length; costal
margin gently arcuate, sutural margin obliquely subarcuate, apex
moderately rounded, costal margin strongly cingulate; greatest
tegminal width equal to seven-tenths of tegminal length; surface
of tegmina subshagreenously rugulose. Mesonotum with caudal
margin transversely subtruncate. Metanotum with caudo-
lateral angles moderately produced, subacutely angulate; caudal
margin of metanotum very shallowly biconcave, median produc¬
tion faint; lateral margins subcon vex, subcingulate.
Abdomen with lateral margins of more proximal tergites sub¬
cingulate: ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) strongly transverse,
its inedian length contained nearly three times in its greatest
proximal width (as 10 to 55); distal margin gently bilobate,
shallowly obtuse-angulate emarginate mesad, the margin rather
broadly rounding proximo-laterad to above cereal bases; surface of
tergite with distal three-fourths rather abruptly deplanate, a
medio-longitudinal sulcus present distad, a similarly placed short
carinula proximad. Cerci very short, hardly more than two-
tMrds as long as ultimate tergite, broad, nearly three-fifths as
mde as long (as 8 to 14), blunt fusiform, moderately depressed.
Ultima-te sternite (subgenital plate) moderately asymmetrical,
appreciably convex on ventral surface; distal margin gently
arcuate from sinistral point to distinctly dextrad of middle,
thence broadly rounding proximad to an appreciable but not
deeply excavated concavity, at dextral side of which is placed the
siinple, slender, styliform, subdecurved dextral style; sinistral
style placed near extreme sinistral point of distal margin, very
short and simple, almost rudimentary.
Cephalic femora with portion of ventro-cephalic margin be¬
tween proximal group of three stout, rather short spines and the
single distal spine, sparsely and regularly pilose.®^ Caudal
metatarsus but slightly shorter than remaining articles of caudal
tarsus taken together (as 35 to 38); pulvillus extending as a
narrow but pronounced tongue to virtually base of metatarsus;
second, third and fourth articles of caudal tarsi all short but
progressively decreasing in length distad; fifth- article slightly
longer than third and fourth together.
Allotype, 9 ; same date as type. [Academy of Natural Sci-
ences of Phil adelphia.]
Under ce^in conditions this area might be considered spinulose, but by
comparison with the tme spines present it is evident that the structures
are not true spines of any character.
JAMES A. G. BEEN
65
Differing from the description of the male in the following
noteworthy features.
Size appreciably larger than in male.
Head with outlines of genae, as seen in cephalic aspect, less
strongly arcuate than in male, the head proportionately broader
across eyes, the width there being but faintly less than greatest
depth of head (as 67 to 70): occipital interspace between eyes
slightly broader proportionately than in male, as 27 to 37 when
compared with distance between internal margins of antennal
scrobes. Antennae equal to one-third of body length.
Tegmina faintly broader in proportion to length, apex sub¬
acute; costal marginal cingulation faintly less elevated than in
male.
Abdomen with ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) in shape
much as in male, its greatest median length contained a full three
times in its greatest proximal width, bilobation of distal mar^n
less evident than in male, median emargination but weakly in¬
dicated; surface of ultimate tergite not as in male, instead with a
pair of appreciable concavities without definite boundaries pres¬
ent intermarginally disto-laterad, medio-longitudinal sulcus
indicated distad, but no trace of proximal carinula. Cerci even
shorter and stockier than in male, in length not more than half
that of ultimate tergite, their greatest width more than two-thirds
their length (as 8 to 11), apex very bluntly rounded. Ultimate
sternite (subgenital plate) very ample, broad, distal margin
oblique subarcuate laterad, faintly concave ventrad of cerci,
passing into broadly arcuate medio-distal section.
General dorsal color ranging from nearly uniform deep fuscous
to as pale as buckthorn brown on the thoracic tergites and
tegmina, overlaid with a mummy brown to fuscous pattern on the
thorax and abdomen. In the very dark intensive individuals no
contrast is indicated on the dorsal surface except for an ochraceous-
tawny pale border on the cephalic and lateral margins (particu¬
larly latter) of the pronotum, the marginal field of the tegmina
and faintly so on the lateral border of the metanotum. In the
recessive extreme the pale pronotum bears a sublyrate dark
pattern, most emphasized in its transverse groupings and ac¬
companied on the remainder of the pronotum by a stippling of
hazel, which is subobsolete laterad and cephalad. From this pale
extreme we find a progressive infuscation of the dorsum, by a
lining of the humeral trunk of the tegmina, clouding of the
caudal marginal sections of the pronotum, mesonotum and meta¬
notum, and a general infuscate stippling of the whole dorsum of
the abdomen, which in the pale recessive extreme is evidenced
solely by hazel on the surface elevations. Cingulate margins of
pronotum and tegmina lined with cinnamon-rufous to hay's
T&ANS. AlC. ENT. SOC., LVI.
66 NEOTBOPICAL BLATTIDAB (OBTHOPTEBA)
russet, in keeping with the pattern intensity. General color of
ventral surface ochraceous-buff to pale ochraceous-tawny,
becoming solidly infuscate cQstad on the abdomen: head in inten¬
sive extreme with a rather nebulously outlined fuscous interoculsr
bar on the frons, the occiput with four longitudinal fuscous bars,
into which the transverse bar breaks in individuals tending toward
the recessive extreme; between antennal bases is present in
intensive individuals another fuscous bar, with the intimation of a
third at the clypeal base, both of which become incomplete to
obsolete as the recessive phase is approached. Eyes bister;
antennae dull zinc orange. Limbs of the ventral color, femora
longitudinally lined dorsad and on ventral margins with russet;
limb spines liver brown tipped with fuscous.
Measurements (in millimeters)
Length
of
body
Length
of
pronotum
Greatest
(caudal)
width of
pronotum
Len^
tegmen
Greatest
width
of
abdomen
cf, Curasao, paratype . .
25.4
7.8
12
4
13.8
cf, Bonaire, type .
28
8
11.9
4.4
13.8
cf, Fontein, Aruba, paratype
23.5
7.8
11
4.3
12.7
9, Bonaire, paratype .
26.8
8.5
12.5
4.2
16
9, Bonaire, allotype .
33
9
13.2
4.8
16
9, Bonaire, paratype .
32.5
9.3
14.5
5.3
17.2
In addition to the type and allotype I have before me three
males and three females taken on Bonaire, and having the same
data as the type and allotype; one male from Fontein, Island
of Aruba, taken August 5, 1922; three adult males and one imma¬
ture male taken on the Island of Curasao, July, 1922; and one
adult female, one immature male and one immature female taken
at Sint Christoffelberg, Campo Knip, Island of Curasao, 1200
feet elevation, August 3, 1922. I have also before me two males,
one female and one immature female taken on Bonaire, by
Gabriel in 1923, and from the collection of Dr. Richard Ebner,
of Vienna, Austria. Dr. Ebner sent these specimens to me for
determination some time ago. All the adult specimens I am
designating as paratypes.
The range of color tone and pattern is marked, and has been
covered in the color description, while the size variation is illus¬
trated by the measurements given. No noteworthy features of
structural variation are evident, except that frequently but two
spines are present proximad on the ventro-cephalic margin of the
cephalic femora and very rarely none are evident.
JAMBS A. O. BBHN
67
Three of the immature specimens are in the instar preceding
maturity, while the fourth is probably in one instar earlier.
Dr. Baker informs me that this insect is to be found amongst
humus Geaves, sticks and dirt) and rubble, which collect in
crevices and large cavities in the rocks, both those of the Tertiary
limestone rim and the older metamorphosed and igneous rocks of
the interior of the islands. ** It is sluggish in the open, but wedges
into the humus quite quickly.
It is most unexpected to find on these semiarid islands off the
north coast of South America an entirely unrecognized genus
which has no known close relative on the adjacent mainland.
The genus Pardhormetica, which is in some respects the nearest
relative, is an inhabitant of regions widely removed in South
America.
"See Baker, “Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Dutch Leeward
Islands,” Occas. Pap. Mus. of Zool., Univ. of Michigan, no. 152, (1924).
TBANS. XU. KKT. SOC., LTI.
68
NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAE (OBTHOPTEBA)
Explanation op Figures
Plate I
Fig. l,*--<7ariblaUa faiicana new species. Dorsal view of female (type).
Turquino Peak, Cuba, (X 4.)
Fig. 2 .—Carihlatta faticana new species. Dorsal view of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of female (type), Turquino Peak, Cuba.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 3 .—Psevdoaymploce personcUa new species. Dorsal view of ultimate
tergite (supra-anal plate) of female (type), Loquillo National
Forest, Porto Rico. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 4 .—Nesomylacris fratercula new species. Dorsal view of ultimate
tergite (supra-anal plate) of male (type), Camagtiey, Cuba.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 5 .—Lamprdblatta zamorensis (Giglio-Tos). Dorsal view of ultimate
tergite (supra-anal plate) of female. Puerto Bermudez, Peru.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 6 .—Lamprohlatta zamorensis (Giglio-Tos). Palpus of female. Puerto
Bermudez, Peru. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 7 .—Lamprohlaiia mimeies new specicvs. Dorsal view of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of male (type), Cuyabd, Matto Grosso, Brazil.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 8 .—Lamprohlatta mimetes new species. Outline of tarsus of caudal
limb of male (type), Cuyabd, Matto Grosso, Brazil. (Greatly
enlarged.)
Fig. 9 .—Lamprohlatta mimetes new species. Apex of genital hook of male
(type), Cuyabd, Matto Grosso, Brazil. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 10 .—Lamprohlatta albipalpus Hebard. Dorsal view of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of male (type). Hacienda Cincinnati, Sierra
Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 11 .—Lamprohlatta albipalpus Palpus of male (^j/pc). Hacienda
Cincinnati, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. (Greatly
enlarged.)
Fig. 12 .—Lamprohlatta albipalpus Hebard. Apex of genital hook of male
(type). Hacienda Cincinnati, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta,
Colombia. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 13 .—Lamprohlatta albipalpus Hebard. Dorsal view of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of female (allotype). Hacienda Cincinnati,
Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 14 .—Lamprohlatta gorgonis new species. Dorsal view of ultimate ter¬
gite (supra-anal plate) of female (type), Gorgona Island, Colom¬
bia. (X6.)
Fig. 15 .—Lamprohlatta gorgonis new species. Palpus of female (type).
Gorgona Island, Colombia. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 16 .—Lamprohlatta gorgonis new species. Outline of tarsus of caudal
limb of female (type). Gorgona Island, Colombia. (X6.)
fUMEBS A. O. BBHH
Fig. IT.— LatnproblaUa romani new species. Apex of genital hook of male
(type), Manaos, Brazil. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 18. — LamprobtaUa meridiondlia (Bruner). Apex of genital hook of male.
Trinidad. (Greatly enlarged.)
Plats II
Fig. 1.— Lamprohlatta mimetea new species. Outline of ultimate stemite
(subgenital plate) of male (type), Cuyabd, Matto Grosso, Brazil.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 2.— lamprohlaita alhipolpua Hebard. Outline of ultimate stemite
(subgcnital plate) of male (type). Hacienda Cincinnati, Sierra
Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 3.— Lamprohlatta ancistroides new species. Outline of ultimate stemite
(subgenital plate) of male (type). Villavicencio, Colombia.
(Greatly enlarged./
Fig. 4.— Lamprohlatta andatroidea new species. Outline of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of male (type), Villavicencio, Colombia.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 6.— Lamprohlatta anciatroidea new species. Palpus of male (type),
Villavicencio, Colombia. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 6.— LamproblaUa romani new species. Outline of ultimate stemite
(subgenital plate) of male (type), Manaos, Brazil. (Greatly en¬
larged.)
Fig. 7.— Lamprohlatta romani new species. Outline of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of male (type), Manaos, Brazil. (Greatly
enlarged.)
Fig. 8.— Lamprohlatta romani new species. Outline of tarsus of caudal limb
of male (type). Manaos, Brazil. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 9.— Lamprohlatta romani new species. Palpus of female (allotype),
Manaos, Brazil. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 10.— Lamprohlatta meridionalia (Bruner). Outline of ultimate stemite
(subgenital plate) of male. Trinidad. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 11.— Lamprohlatta meridionalia (Bruner). Outline of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of male. Trinidad. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 12.— Lamprohlatta meridionalia (Bruner). Outline of tarsus of caudal
limb of male. Trinidad. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 13,— Lamprohlatta meridionalia (Bruner). Palpus of female. Trinidad.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 14,— Pelmatoailpha rotundata Scudder. Apex of genital hook of male.
Costa Hica. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 15.— Muzoa madida new species. Cephalic outline of head of male
(type). Near La Emilia, Costa Rica. (X 6.)
Fig. 1^,—Muzoa madida new species. Outline of left tegmen of male (type).
Near La Emilia, Costa Rica. (X 3.)
Fig. 17. — Muzoa madida new species. Distal margin of ultimate stemite
(subgenital plate) of female (allotype). Near La Emilia, Costa
Rica. (X5.)
70 NEOTROPlCA]:i BLATTIDAB (otoHOPTBRA)
Platb 111
1.— PehmaUmlpha rvttindcUa Soudder. Dorsal view of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) and cerci of male. Costa Rioa. (Greatly an*
lar^.)
Fig. 2.— Pdmatoailpha macu new species. Dorsal view of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) and cerci of female {type), Manaos, Brasil.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 3.— PdmatoHlpha macu new species. Outline of female {type), Ma-
naos, Brazil. (X 3.)
Fig. 4.— Petmatoailpha miranha new species. Dorsal view of ultimate
tergite (supra-anal plate) and cerci of female {type). Rio Igara-
parana, Peru. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 5.— Petmatosilpha miranha new species. Outline of female {type),
Rio Igaraparana, Peru. (X3.)
Fig. 6.— Petmatoailpha aterrima (Walker). Dorsal view of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) and cerci of male. Oanelos, Eastern Ecuador.
(X6.)
Fig. 7.— PelmatoaUpka aterrima (Walker). Distal margin of ultimate ster-
nite (subgenital plate) of male. Canelos, Eastern Ecuador.
(X6.)
Fig. 8.— Petmatoailpha aterrima (Walker). Cephalic outline of head of
male. Canelos, Eastern Ecuador. (X 2.)
Fig. 9.— Petmatoailpha aterrima (Walker). Extensor surface of caudal tibia
of male. Canelos, Eastern Ecuador. (Enlarged.)
Fig. 10.— Muzoa madida new species. Outline of distal margin of ultimate
stemite (subgenital plate) of male {type). Near La Emilia, Costa
Rica. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 11.— Muzoa madida new species. Dorsal view of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) and cerci of female {allotype). Near La Emilia,
Costa Rica. (X 7.)
Plate IV
Fig. 1.— Eurycotia lixa new species. Dorsal outline of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of male {type). From banana ship from
Jamaica. (X 6.)
Fig. 2.—Eurycotia lixa new species. Outline of ultimate stemite (sub*
genital plate) of male {type). From banana ship from Jamaica.
(X6.)
Fig. 3.— Eurycotia lixa new species. Outline of tarsus of caudal limb of
male {type). From banana ship from Jamaica. (X 7.)
Fig. 4.— Eurycotia lixa new species. Outline of left tegmen of male {type).
From banana ship from Jamaica. (X 3.)
Fig. 5.— Eurycotia lixa new species. Extensor surface of caudal tibia of male
{type). From banana ship from Jamaica. (X 3.)
Fig. ^r^Eurycotia Uxa new species. Lateral surface of caudal tibia of male
{type). From banana ship from Jamaica. (X 3.)
JAMES A. a. BEEN
71
Fig. J.^Btdryeotis lixa new species. Ventral outline of ultimate stemite
(subgenital plate) of female {aUoiype), From banana ship from
Jamaica. (X 6H*)
Fig. S^-^Eurycatis lixa new species. Extensor surface of caudal tibia of
female {allotype). From banana ship from Jamaica. (X 3.)
Fig. 9.--Eurycoti8 lixa new species. Lateral surface of caudal tibia of
female From banana ship from Jamaica. {X6H,)
Fig. I0,--Eurycoti8 improcera new species. Dorsal outline of ultimate tergite
(supra-anal plate) of male (type ). St. Croix, Virgin Islands. (X 8.)
Fig. 11 .—Eurycotia improcera new species. Outline of ultimate sternite
(subgenital plate) of male (type), St. Croix, Virgin Islands.
(X9.)
Fig. 12,Surycoti8 improcera new species. Apex of genital hook of male
{type), St. Croix, Virgin Islands. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 13 .—Poroblatta plvto new species. Lateral surface of caudal tibia of
female (ippe). Venezuela. (X4.)
Fig. 14 .—Styphm bakeri new genus and species. Cephalic outline of head
of male {type), Bonaire. Dutch West Indies. (X3.)
Fig. 15,—Styphan bakeri new genus and species. Outline of ultimate sternite
(subgenital plate) of male {type), Bonaire, Dutch West Indies.
(X6.)
Fig. 16.-nS(pp^an bakeri new genus and species. Outline of tarsus of cauda
limb of male {type). Bonaire, Dutch West Indies. (X4.)
Plate V
Fig. 1 .—Neaomylacris fratercida new species. Dorsal view of male {type)
Camagiiey, Cuba. (X 6.)
Fig. 2 .—Paevdoaymploce personata new species. Dorsal view of pronotum
of female {type), Loquillo National Forest, Porto Rico. (X 3.)
Fig. 3 .—Cariblatta faJticana new species. Cephalic view of head of female
{type), Torquino Peak, Cuba. (X8.)
Fig. Eurycotia improcera new species. Dorsal view of female {type),
St. Croix, Virgin Islands. (X 3.)
Fig, 6 .—Poroblatta pliUo new species. Dorsal view of female {type), Vene¬
zuela. (X2.)
Fig 6 .—Styphon bakeri new genus and species. Dorsal view of male {type),
Bonaire, Dutch West Indies. (XIHO
Fig. 7 .—Styphon bakeri new genus and species. Dorsal view of pronotum of
female {aUotype), Bonaire, Dutch West Indies. (X 3.)
NOTES ON THE RACES OF OMUS CALIFORNICUS
AND A LIST OF THE CICINDELIDAE OF
AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO
(COLEOPTERA)
BY WALTHEH HORN
Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
During my short stay in the United States (August and Septem¬
ber, 1928) I had the good opportunity to study the collections of
Cicindelidae in the National Museum at Washington and in the
museums of Philadelphia, Boston, Cambridge, New York, Brook¬
lyn and Staten Island, and to see also some important private
collections as those of Messrs. H. C. Fall (Tyngsboro, Mass.),
Chas. Liebeck (Philadelphia, Pa.), and C. A. Frost (Framingham,
Mass.). It gives me special pleasure to thank, here in an official
way, the entomologists of all those museums, quite especially
Dr. J. M. Aldrich, Dr. H. Morrison, Mr. L. L. Buchanan, Mr.
W. S. Fisher, and Mr. H. S. Barber (Washington), Dr. C. H.
Curran (New York), Messrs. G. P. Engelhardt and Karl Schaeffer
(Brooklyn), Mr. Charles Leng and Mr. Wm. T. Davis (Staten
Island), Mr. N. Banks (Cambridge), C. W. Johnson (Boston),
Mr. F. Haimbach and Mr. J. A. G. Rehn (Philadelphia) as well as
Messrs. J. Bequaret, H. C. Fall, Chas. Liebeck, and C. A. Frost,
for all their friendly help. To Mr. Chas. Liebeck I am further
indebted for his great kindness to give me a complete list of all
localities of Cicindelidae repiesented in the collection of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. The study of the
Casey types in the United States National Museum has enabled
me to establish the synonymy of his species as cited in the ac-
compansdng check-list, and the result is in agreement with all my
previous publications on the subject. In the following list, about
two-hundred and three of C'asey’s described and named forms
are cited, ninety-three of which belong to the genus Omus and
TRANS. AM. ENT. 80C., LVI.
74 NORTH AMERICAN CICINDELIDAE (cOLEOPTERA)
about one-hundred and seven to the genus Cicindela. I cannot
consider anyone of all these forms as a valid species^ and only
twenty-seven as noteworthy races. The reason for this different
interpretation is, according to my opinion, that Casey was ac¬
customed to describe localities'' and ‘‘ individuals He did
this, I believe, by giving too much attention to the minute dif¬
ferences between specimens, and too little to the identical fea¬
tures present. I am inclined the other way in the following list.
Before giving here a check-list of all North American Cicin-
delidae arranged according to the system I have worked out dur¬
ing the last forty years, I beg to say some words about the im¬
portance of the penis in the genus Omus, Casey and others have
already drawn attention to this character. The plate accom¬
panying this article shows twenty-five figures of penis-forms,
coming from all races of 0mm californicus. As far as I can see,
the figures show the same relation as those found by Roeschke
and myself (1891) and published at the same time in the “Mono-
graphie der palaarktischen Cicindelen^': ^
The Races of Omus californicus
The penis shows differences, not only as generally known in the
form of its tip, but also in its general shape and in its size. The
differences are in some cases characteristic of special races; in
others they are variable, without any relation to races, in a purely
individual way. I do not speak of the value of the pimis in re¬
gard to the statement of species, as I only restrict myself here to
the facts given for Omus californicus and its races. The figures
on the plate do not show specific differentiation. What there¬
fore can we learn from our figures?
1. Figure 1. Race, subspecies audouini Rche., is often diffi¬
cult to recognize by other characters, such as shape, sculpture,
etc., often showing very great superficial resemblance to the race
borealis Cas. In such cases the penis will give us a ready means of
identification.
2. Figures 2 to 6, 7 to 10, 16 to 21. Races borealis Cas., van-
dykei W. Horn, the true californicus Esch., punctifrons Cas.,
laevis G. Horn (including sequoiarum Cr.). All these forms vary
individually very much, and do not allow any sharp distinction
^ Beih. Deut. Ent. Zeit., 1891.
WALTHER HORN
75
among themselves. In such cases, this (we might call it ‘indif¬
ferent’') form of the penis can be used by systematists in the
negative way, that is, by excluding those showing typical forms
of the penis. Thus if we come to a doubtful systematic decision,
when studying the shape, the sculpture, the geographical relation,
etc., this ‘indifferent” form of itself will prove helpful.
3. Figure 6. Race ambiguus Schpp. shows a very long, large
and stretched out penis; the largest width of which is lying within
the first (apical) third and not within the middle third. The
other characters of this race often show special difficulties towards
the race borealis^ Again I believe that the form of the penis
will sometimes prove useful.
4. Figures 11 and 12. Races leconiei G. Horn, intermedius Leng
(including parvicolUs Cas.). The apical end, tapering in the form
of a narrow hook, together with the large and extended form, per¬
mits a fairly good differentiation from all the other races. This
is of special value in the recognition of leconiei G. Horn, as the
other characters of this coastal form very often prove insufficient
(especially for the females).
5. Figures 13 to 15. Race ftichsi W. Horn. Here the en¬
larged tip of the penis seems to be of a practical value for sys¬
tematists, especially as this race can elsewhere be easily over¬
looked by other less developed characters.
6. Figures 22 to 25. Races edwardsi Cr. (including intermedio-
pronotalis W. Horn) and angusio-cylindricus (including nunen^
macheri W. Horn). The penis shows as its most remarkable and
easily recognizable feature a special development of the concave
(in the figures left) side. The prominence developed there within
the middle third, a little nearer to the base than to the tip, shows
a near relationship of these four forms in exactly the same way as
their shape, sculpture, etc. have done. This correlation is very
striking.
The r^sum4 of this reflection will be that the exterior form of
the penis has just the same importance in systematic differentia¬
tion as any other character. Which means, that it can sometimes
prove of higher or only of individual value. It is possible that
further researches will show whether or not the so-called “internal
sac,” “vesica,” or “piece copulatrice” will admit of finer differen¬
tiations of other forms in this genus.
TRANS. AM. ENT. S6C., LVI.
76
NORTH AMERICAN CICINDELIDAJE: (COLEOPTERA)
A New Subspecies of Cicindela Formosa
Cictndela formosa subsp. pigmento-signata new subspecies
Differt a forma prioritatis elytrorum signatura maxima ex
parte non flavescente sed cupreo-violacea; plerumque parte antica
lunulae humeralis, parte postica mediaque lunulae apicalis, parte
marginal! rudimentaria fasciae mediae flavcscentibus restantibus.
—Long. 15-16 mm (sine labro).
Types. —Female; Mineola, Texas, October 2, 1906, (F. C.
Bishopp). Male; Rosser, Texas, September 23, 1905, (C. R.
Jones). [In the U. S. National Museum, and the Author^s
Collections.]
This localized form is of great interest, as we know of but a
very few cases where a ‘^speciar^ pigmentation has invaded, in a
similar way, the usually not or hardly pigmented parts of the
elytra (the so-called pattern of the elytra of Cicindelidae is
the spots where the ordinary pigment is missing or hardly de¬
veloped!). I draw attention in this sense to Cicindela hybrida
subsp. coerulea Pall, or C. peringueyi subsp. immaculipennis W.
Horn. All such cases are of greater interest from the anatomical
standpoint as regards the origin and development of pattern,
especially if they show a localization at the same time.
Check List of the Cicindelidae op America North of Mexico
SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
The roman numerals I, II, III, etc., designate the larger races
and the letters a, b, c, etc., designate lesser forms of these races.
The following symbols refer to the various colors and color
patterns, etc.
c less violaceous or cyaneous inorn i)attern completely missing
cc more violaccjous or cyaneous isol isolated
cfl all lunulae or fasciae confluent at mti dorsal surfaces of a brassy metal-
tlie margin lie sheen
cmpl pattern fully developed but not n less black areas present
enlarged nn more black areas present
con middle marginal spot connected r dorsal surfaces reddish cupreous
with the discoidal one v less green present
die pattern reduwid vv more green present
dlt pattern enlarged vc green-violaceous to cyaneous-
F form in the most general sense green
WALTHEn HOEN
77
The explanation of the signs used, and of the abbreviations o!
the localities used, may be found in Leng’s Catalogue of the
Coleoptera of America North of Mexico, 1920. The following
are additional ones used in the present list.
Co. County
Gardiner I. Gardiner Island, Long
Island, N. Y.
Key W I. Key West Islands, Fla.
Padre I. Padre Island, Texas
StI. Staten Island, N. Y.
incl including
mount oc(;urring only at a certain
altitude
olim not occuring at present
spor sporadic
N-, E-, W-, S-, NE-, NW-, SE-, 8W-, indicating north, cast, west, south,
northeastern, etc. part of the state cited.
Names within parentheses () refer to localities within the state
cited.
AMBLYCHILA Say
1, cylindriformia Say
o. piccoloininii Keiche (cyliyulnformis J.
Thms.)
2. baroni Riv. (longipes Cas., enodis Cas., ventricosa
Cas.)
o. schwarzi W. Horn (piccolorninii Riv.)
W-Kan, Col, Ariz
to Ark.
Ariz to Tex (Llano
Estacado).
S-Ariz.
NW-Ariz, SW-Ut.
OMUS Esch.
1. dejeani Reiche (Joveatus Cas. robustus Cas.)
2. submetalHcus G. Horn
BC & Vane to Or,
Mon.
“Cal.”
3. californicus Esch.
I. audouini Rche. {parmdus Ca.s., delicatulus
Cas., taewnae Cas., audetis Ca.s., din-
tans Cas., rugipenius (^as.)
II. borealis Cas. (ihanicicus Cas., shastavicus
Cas., brevicornis Cas., cephalicus Cas.,
tenuiculus Cas., oregonensts J W. Horn,
mimus t W. Horn, hmneroplanatus W.
Horn, aequicomis Cas, humeralis Cas.)
III. ambiguus Schpp. {socius Cas., solidulus
Cas.)
[mde subsp. V)
BC, Vane to N-Cal
(Siskiyou & Plu¬
mas Co.): up to
3000 ft.
S-Or (Josephine &
Klamath Co.) to
N-Cal (Del
Norte, Siskiyou,
Humboldt &
Shasta Co.): up
to 7800 ft.
X-Cal (Shasta &
Siskiyou Co.):
2500 to 4000 ft.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
78
NORTH AMERICAN CICINDELIDAE (cOLEOPTERA)
IV. vandykei W. Horn, cupreonitem Blsd. &
Reyn,, reynoldsi Cas.)
V. califomicus Each, (xanti Lee., homianua
W. Horn, turhidentm Cas., mhparal-
Ulus Cas., diminuem Cas,, aethiopa
Cas., debilicepa Cas., latipennia Cas.,
aemilucena Cas., pullatua Cas., inaulaiLa
Cas., atolidm Cas., denaicoUia Cas.,
acnlptilia Cas., modicua Cas., mimua
Cas., argutua Cas., aregonenaia Cas.,
eUmgattta Cas., larertua Cas., vermicu^
latua Cas., leacki Cas., opacipennia
Cas., pollens Cas., aparam Cas.)
VI. Iccontei G. Horn {dunni Cas., maritimua
Cas., regularia Cas., ventricoam Cas.,
elongatics J W. Horn, 1903)
VII. intermedins Leng (blaiadelli Cas., fachsi
cf W. Horn, mautua Cas., procerus
Cas., torvi^a Cas., cribripennia Cas.)
a. parvicollis Cas. {ovipennis Cas., spiaai’-
pea Cas.)
VIII. fuchsi 9 W. Horn {laticollia Cas.)
IX. punctifrons Cas. {conpiena Cas., puncia-
lulus Cas. in litt.j fraterculus Cas.,
degener Cas.)
X. laevis (levis) G. Horn {opacellus Cas., pero-
pacua Cas., remiaaua Cas., tularenais
Cas., iemperatua Cas., gracilior Cas.,
aubaericeua Cas., composiiua Cas., spar-
seUua Cas., antennahs Cas., brevis Cas.,
collaris Cas., ainuosus Cas.)
a. sequoiarum Cr. (lugubris Cas., aierricola
Cas., longitaraia Cas., homi Lee., aape-
raius Cas., difficilia Cas., propinquua
Cas., punctaius Cas., Irapezicollis Cas.,
rmrgirwlis Cas., farctua Ciis., calloaua
Cas., erraticua Cas., mariposae Cas.,
granoaua Cas.)
N-€al (Humboldt
Co.); *‘Oregon»\-
up to 1200 ft.
Cal (Trinity &
Shasta Co. to
Santa Barbara &
Kern Co. [Fort
Tejon]): up to
2000 ft.
Cal (Mendocino Co.
to Santa Barbara
[Gaviota]); Coast
Cal (Placer to Mar¬
iposa Co.): 1500
to 2500 ft.
S-Cal (Tulare to
Tuolumne Co.):
3000 to 4000 ft.
Placer to Tuolumne
Co. .4000 to 5000
ft.
Cal (Trinity Co.
Sierra to Eldo¬
rado Co.): 2500
to 7000 ft.
Cal (Tuolumne to
Tulare Co.): 4000
to 12000 ft.
Cal (Eldorado to
Tulare Co.): 3500
to 7000 ft [?
10000 ft]
WALTHER HORN
79
XI. edwardsi Cr. (montamis Cas., brunnescena
Cas., lohdtua Cas., liidicidicoUis Cas.)
a. intermedio-pronotaiis W. Horn (pronoUdis
Cas.)
XII. angusto-cylindricus W. Horn {cylindricus
Cas.)
a. nunenmacheri W. Horn
MEGACEPHALA Latr.
subgen. TETRACHA Hope.
1. Carolina L. (carolinensis Latr., ocddentalis Klg.,
virgula J. Thms., baisdumli Gistl,
maculicornia Cast., mexicana Gray,
splendida Dokht.)
a. floridana Leng & Mutch.
2. virginaa L. (tnrginata L., ^'Ocindela?^^ Emmons)
CICINDELA L.
1. formosa Say {luxuriosa Cs&.j fletcheri Criddle)
a. pigmento-signata m. (nov.) *
1. generosa Dej. {latecirtcta Gould)
(dlt-F) manitoba Leng
2. lengi W. Horn {venusta Lee., verauta Cas., gracilerUa
Cas.)
3. limbata Say {limbigera G. & H., nympha Cas.)
(dJe-F) hyperborea Lee.
4. purpurea O. {Tuargitialia F., ramoaa Gistl, sprela Lee.
1848)
Cal (Lake Tahoe,
Placer & Eldo¬
rado Co.): 4000
to 9000 ft[? 3000
ft]
N-Cal (Plumas Co.)
[alt?]
N-Cal (Lassen Co.)
lalt?]
N-Cal (Lassen Co.)
lalt?l
Va to Fla, Ga to
S-Cal.
S-Fla.
Mass; betw LI, Pa,
Fla,Tex,Col, Neb,
8W-Ia, Ill & O.
betw O, Tex &
Neb; Col to BC.
Tex.
betw Wis, O, Me,
Va, Ky la;
Kan,Neb,LI,StI.
Man, Minn, Neb.
NMex, Col; Kan to
Man to BC;Mon.
Col; Neb to Man to
Alb.
HudsBay to Alb;
Neb.
S-Can (Vane to
Que); USA [per¬
haps missing
betw: 1) SC, La
& Fla 2) Or, Wy,
Col & Cal]; LI,
StI, Gardiner 1.
* See description on page 76.
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
80
NOBTH AMERICAN ClCINDELIDAi; (cOLEOPTERa)
(v-F) auduboni Lee. 1846 {graminea Schpp. ex
parte)
(nn-F) nigerrima Leng {avduhmi Lee. 1856, sjyreta
Lee. 1856, raiana T. W. Harris in
litt., Frost)
I. lauta Cas. (franciscana Cas., mirabilis Cas.,
graminea Schpp. ex parte)
II. splendida Hentz {discus Klg.)
a. transversa Leng (eldorensis Cas.)
h. denverensis Cas. {conquisiia Cas., oreada
Cas.)
c. ludoviciana Leng
III. cyanocephala Varas
IV. limbalis Klg. (amoena Lee., militaris Var.,
splendida Lee. 1856, awemeana Cas.)
V. auguralis Cas. {inducta C/as., ardelio Cas.)
VI. eimarrona Lee.
VII. deeemnotata Say (lantzi E. D. Harris,
albertina Cas.)
(cfl-F)? tanneri Knaus
VIII. pugetana Cas.
5, ancocUconensU Th. W. Harris {catharina Th. W.
Harris, dowiana Cas., carolinae Cas.,
eriensis Cas.)
6. duodecimguttata Dej. {proteus Kirby)
(dlc-F) hudsonica Cas.
a, bueolica Cas. {edmontonensis Carr)
spor everywhere;
more or less
loeal betw Kan,
Ariz, Cal, BC &
Minn.
spor in Mass & RI;
more or less local
betw Alb, Sask,
Mich,IU,Ut&Or.
BCtoCal (? Mon).
betw Va, NC, La,
Tex, Col, Neb,
Minn & Mo; NY.
betw Col, la, III,
NJ,Ga&Mo;Me.
Col, Neb, Kan.
SC to NMex; Col
(? O).
Kan, Neb (? Pa to
to NC).
betw Nfld, Alb,
Mon, Nev, N-
Mex, Col, Ky,
O. & NJ.
Kan, Col, NMex.
SW-Ut,Col,N-Mex.
Alas, BC, Alb to
to Wy; Neb; Ut
to Kan; Cal.
Ut.
BC, Wash, Mon,
Id, Wy.
isol & local in NH,
Vt, NY, Pa, Md,
WVa, Va, NC,
Ind, Ill.
S-Can (BC to Nfld
&NScotia);USA
north-east of incl
Minn, SD, Kan
& Ga; Tex, LI,
StI (?? west of
Rocky Mts.)
spor.
Alb to Man to SD;
Minn.
WALTHEB HOBN
81
1. repanda Dej. {hirticoUis Gould, haUimor^
ensia Lee., unijuncta Cas.)
(w-or vc-F) hoosieri Mares (duncani Knaus)
7. hirticollU Say (albohirta Dej., unita Koll., gravida
Lee.)
(dlt-F) ponderosa J. Thma.
(dle-F) rhodensis Cald. (nigritia C. A. Davis,
abrupta Cas., shermani Cas.)
8. latesignata Lee. (ienuicincia Biaisd. 1892, ohliviom
Cas.)
9. tranquebarica llerbst (imlgaris Say, ohliquaia Dej.,
turhulerUa Cas., wichitana Cas., mni-
frons Cas., minor Leng, vulgaris-minor
E. D. Harris, diffracta Cas., viridula
Varas)
(mtl-F) a, horiconensis Leng {borealis E. D. Harris,
moapana Cas.)
(ve-cmpl-F) b. inyo Fall (uintana Cas)
(v-or-vv-F) c. vibex G, Horn {roguensis E. D.
Harris, viridissima Fall)
(n-cmpl-F) d, owena Fall
(n-F) e. lassenica Cas.
I. kirbyi Lee. {obhquata Kirby)
(cfl-F) admiseens Cas.
II. sierra Leng
HI. parallelonota Cas.
IV. propinqua Knaus {arida A, C. Davis)
V. plutonica Cas.
10. tenuicincta Sehpp.
11. bellissima Leng (hyperborea O. Horn 1866)
S-Can (BC & Vane
to Que); Wash,
Or; USA east of
inel Minn, Col,
Ariz; LI, StI, Gar¬
diner I (?Ut, Id,
Or),
spor.
S-Can (? BC Alb);
USA (? Mon &
Wash); LI, StI,
Gardiner I.
spor everywhere;
loeal in the South
local betw Me, L-
Sup & Pa; LI,
Cal.
S-Cal.
S-Can; USA.
betwBC,Nfld,NY,
Kan,Ut⩔Nev.
E-Cal, Ut;
betw BC, Mon, Ut
&Cal.
E-Cal, Ut.
S-Cal (San Diego,
Key), Ut.
S-Can & USA west
of incl Man,
Wis,Kan;NMex.
8[)or; local in NMex
&Ut.
Cal (Plumas to Cal¬
averas Co), Nev.
Nev.
S-Cal (Death Val¬
ley), Nev.
Cal, Or, Id, Nev.
Col, Ut, NE-Cal.
0.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVl.
82
NOBTH AMERICAN CICINDELIDAE '(cOLBOPTERa)
12. longilabris Say {aUnlabria Kirby., montana Lee.,
vieana Cas., chamherlainei Knaus. ne-
hrciscana Cas., calgaryana Cas., cana-
densis Cas., spiasitarsis Cas., vestalia
Leng., terracensis Cas.)
a. oslari Leng (novaterrae Leng, columhiana
Cas., oatenta Cas.)
fe. laurenti Schpp. {denaiaaima Cas., eateaiana
Cas.)
I. perviridis Schpp. {placerenaia Cas.)
13. eureka Fall
14. oregona Lee. {senilis Cas., aotioma Cas., quadri-
pennis Cas., ovalipennis Cas., sierope
Cas.)
a, guttifera Lee. (audax Cas.)
(vv, cc or vc-F) scapularis Cas. {mormomlla Cas.,
nephiana Cas., provemis Cas.)
h. maiicopa Leng
c. depressula Cas.
(n-mtl-F) oregonella Cas.
15. senilis G. Horn {exoleta Cas.)
(v-F) frosti Varas
16. willistoni Lee.
(v-F) spaldingi Cas.
o. echo Cas. (amadeensia Cas.)
6. pseudosenilis W. Horn
17. fulgida Say
(nn-F) subnitens Cald.
a. parowana Wickh. {waLlisi Cald., azurea
Cald.
(mtl-F) westbournei Cald. {elegana Cald., reiniilens
Cas.)
18. pulchra Say
19. pimeriana Lee, (viatica Lee. 1856, cochisensis Cas.)
Can A USA north
of incl Cal, N-
Mex, lU A NY,
Northern bound¬
ary: Yukon River
& Mackenzie Bay
Can (BC to Nfld)
USA betw Wash,
Mon, Col & Nev;
N-Ariz.
BC; Alb to NMex;
Ut (? Ariz).
Wash to Cal (?Ut).
NW-Cal, Or.
betw Alas (Yukon
R.), Alb, Kan &
NMex, Cal.
Ariz, NMex, Col,
Ut (?Kan).
Ut; Cal to BC;
Vane.
NMex, Ariz, Ut.
Cal to Wash; Id
(? BC).
Wash (MtRainier),
Ut.
Cal (Alameda to
San Diego &
Kern Co.).
S-Cal.
Wy.
Ut.
NE-Cal to Ut; Or.
SE-Cal.
betw N Mex, la,
Man, Mon & Col.
spor.
Ut, Wash, BC.
Wash, Ut, Man.
Ariz to Tex to Kan;
Col.
boundary line betw
Ariz, NMex &
Sonora.
WALTHER HORN
83
20. scutelUris Say (biUingsi Cas.)
(cmpl-F) shantzi Cas.
(r-mtl-cmpl-F) modesta Dej. 1825 (lecontei Haid.)
(cfl-F) criddlci Cas.
(vv-cmpl-F) rugifrons Dej. (derUicidata Th. W.
Harris, oberleitneri Gistl)
(v-c-inom-F) unicolor Dej. (Carolina E. D. Harris)
(nn-inorn-F) nigrior Schpp.
(nn-cmpl-F) obscura Say (modeaia Dej. 1831)
betw Tex, Ark, Nev
& Wy; Mon.
Ark, Kan, Col.
betw Nev, Miss,
Ky, NY & Ont;
Man.
spor everywhere;
more or less local
in Ont, Man, Neb.
Que to SC; 111, LI.
Mass to Fla to Tex.
Ga, Fla, Ala; olim
L.l.
R1 to NC; LI, StI,
Mich.
21. sexguttata F. (giUiaia Em., varians Lj., quadrignt-
tala C. A. Davis, levetiei Cas.)
(inom-F) tridens Cas.
(nn-F) illinoensis Mares
(cc-inorn-F) violacea F. (kansana Knaus)
(mount-F) Harrisi I^ng
(con-F) a. patruela Dej. (moniami Hentz)
(nn-con-F) coiisentanoa Dej.
betw Nfld, Man,
Tex, Ala & Ga;
LI, StI, Gardiner
I, NMex (? Fla,
Ariz).
spor.
spor.
spor Dak to Tex;
La, Tenn, la,
SC. Local in Kan.
over 3000' in SE-
Que to NC.
betw Ga, RI, Vt,
Minn & Col.
LI, Pa, NJ, Md.
22. nigrocoerulea Lee. (Jeminahs Cas.)
(v-F) robust a Cas. (triplicans Cas., velutoidea
Cas., snowi Cas.)
(cfl-F) bowditchi Long
23. homi Schpp. (anthradna G. Horn)
(vc-F) rittcri Hat.
24. obsoleta Say
(compl-F) vullurina Lee.
(vv-F) prasina Lee.
a. santaclarae Bat.
Col,Ut; Ariz to Tex.
Col; Ariz to Tex.
Col, NMex.
Ariz to Tex.
Anz, Tex.
betw Col, Kan,
Ark, La & Cal.
Tex, NMex, Col,
Kan.
Kan to Tex to Ariz.
Col, Ariz, NMex,
Kan.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
84
NOBTH AMEBICAN CICINDELIDAB (cOLEOPTEBA)
(nn-F) anita Dow
b, juvenilis W. Horn
25. punctulata Ol. (micana F., jenisoni Gistl, houl^
derensis Cas., prolixa Cas., fontinaria
Cas.)
(v-c-F) chihuahuae Bat. (micans Say etc.)
26. tenuisiffnata Leo.
27. severa Laf.
(n-F) alabamae Cas.
28. striga Lee.
29. lemniscata Leo.
30. abdominalis F. {ventralis Newn., faceta Cas.)
a. scabrosa Schpp. (exteniiata Cas.)
31. politula Lee. (enbrum Cas.)
32. rufiventrU Dej. (collusor Cas.)
a. eumatilis Lee. {gvsxiana Chevr.)
b. hentzi Dej. {haemorrhoidalis Th. W. Harris)
(dlt-F) nivcihamata Frost
I. sedeoimpunctata KIr. (rubimUrm Chevr.,
ventanasa Bat., sonorana Cas.)
33. flavopunctata Chevr.
a. reetilatera Chd. {decostigma Lee.)
34. marginipennU Dej.
35. roseiventrU linearis W. Horn (tascosaensis Wm. T.
Davis
36. carthagena subsp. haemorrhagica Lee.
(n-F) woodgatei Cas.
(nn-dle-F) bisignata Dohkt. {nevadiana Cas.)
(nn-inom-F) pacifiea Schpp.
a. arizonae Wickh.
Ariz, NMex, Col,
Kan.
S-Ariz.
S-Can & USA east
ofincl Man, Col &
Ariz;Ut, Nev:LI,
StI, Gardiner I.
betw Nev, Kan,
Tex & Ariz.
Tex to Cal; Nev,
Ut.
NMex to Fla.
Ala to Tex.
Fla, SC.
Tex to Ariz; Ut.
LI;NJ to Fla to La.
Fla, Ga.
Tex.
isol & local betw
Mass, Ga, Tex,
Tenn & 111.
Ky to Ala to Tex.
isol & local in Mass,
Nil, RI, (? Pa,
Tex).
spor.
Tex to Anz.
NMex, S-Ariz.
Tex, Fla,
isol & local in NY,
Pa, O (? Kan).
Tex, Fla.
betw NW-Wy, N-
Mex, Cal &
Wash; Tex.
NMex, Ariz.
Cal, Nev, Ut.
Cal, Nev, Ut.
Ariz (Gran-Can.),
SW-Ut, Kan.
WALTHER HORN
85
37. somm«ri Mann, (ruricola Gietl, ferrugata Putz.) ? 8-Cal (San Di¬
ego),
38. arisonensU Bat. (viridiaticta Schpp. ex parte) Ariz.
39. wickhami W. Horn {viriduticta Schpp. ex parte, Ariz.
lemniaticta Smyth)
40. debilis Bat. (aegnis E. D. Harris)
41. celaripes Lee.
42. cursitans Lee.
43. unipunctata F.
44. pusillaSay {terricola Say;
a. imperfecta Lee.
b. con tin ua Knaus
c. cinctipennis Lee.
d. cyanella Lee, (sayanella Ca.s.)
€. lunalonpa Schpp. (iiwlutnuaeljQUii,^ tularen-
sis Cjus.)
45. schauppi G. Horn
46. circumpicta Laf. {collaris Laf., johmoni Fitch,
spicicns Cas.)
(c or vv-F) ambiens Cas.
47. califomica Mifm.
a. praetextata Lee. (fidgoris Cas., stringens
Cas.)
SW-Tex, S-Ariz.
betw Ark, Bl, Dak
&Tex.
betw Ill, Neb, Kan
& La; Mon, Ala.
betw Ga, Mo, la,
NY, LI, Minn &
Tex.
betw BC, Man,
Minn, Kan, Tex,
NMex & Col;
Ariz, Cal.
betw BC, Wy, Ut &
Cal, (?Tex).
Col to Cal.
S-Can, (Man to
Sask); USA, west
of incl NMex,
Kan & Dak.
spor betw Man,
Kan & Cal.
Or to Cal.
Okla, Tex.
betw Neb, Tex &
Ariz.
Tex, Kan.
S-Cal (Needles).
Cal to Tex; Ut.
48. trifasciata ascendens Lee. {serpens Lee., trifas- NJ to Fla; Ala to
data Lee. 1848, tortiiosa Lee, 1851, Tex (? NMex).
sigmoidea Chd. 1854)
o. sigmoidea Lee. Ut to S-Cal.
49. gabbi G.Hom S-Cid (San Diego),
50. chlorocephala Chevr. {smyihi E. D. Harris) Tex (Padre I).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
86
NOBTH AMERICAN CICINDELIDAE (cOLEOPTERA)
51. dorsalis Say (sigmta Dej., munifica Cas., lineo^
scripta Cas., semipicta Cas.^ media Lee.)
a. saulcyi Gu6r, {caatiaeima Bat., apriccidea
Gas.)
(dlc-F) venusta Laf. {aatilcyi Schpp.)
52. pamphila Lee.
53. hamata lacerata Chd. (hamcUa G. Horn, 1876)
54. marginata F. (variegala Dej.)
55. blanda Dej. {taraalia Lee.)
56. wapleri Lee.
57. nevadica Lee.
(dlc-F) lineolniana Cas.
o. (cfl-F) knausi Leng
58. cuprascens Lee. (amnicola Gas., mundula Gas.)
o. maera Lee. (mercurialia Gas., topekana
Gas.)
h, puritana G. Horn
c. sperata Lee.
(w-F) marutha Dow
(r-F) rubieunda E. D. Harris
d. inquisitor Gas.
59. lepida Dej.
(v-F) insomnis Gas.
60. togata Laf.
(dlt-F) faseians Gas.
a. globieollis Gas. {apicalia W. Horn)
61. gratiosa Gu5r.
a. hirtieollis Lee.
Subgenus DROMOCHORUS Gu£r.
62. pilatei Gu6r. {maga Lee.)
63. bolfragei Sall6 {pilatei Lee., aericea Gas., pruinina
Gas.)
Mass to Fla; LI
(olim Stl).
Tex to Fla; Ga,
my W I.
Tex to Ga.
Tex, La.
Fla Ga to Tex.
betw Me, Ala &
Fla; LI, Stl, Gar¬
diner I, Key W I.
Miss to NG.
Ala to La.
Nev to Neb.
Neb.
betw Neb, Tex,
Ariz & Ut; Mon.
betw Minn, Ind,
Ky, Miss, Tex &
Man; Mon.
betw Minn, 0, La,
Tex & Neb.
S-Ont; NH to Md;
Ky, Tex.
betw Gal, Gol &
Tex (? Kan).
Tex to Ariz; Gol.
NMex.
Tex.
NJ & NY to Neb;
NMex to Wis;
Minn, Man, LI.
spor
Neb to Tex; NMex
to Ala.
spor
Ut to Kan; Neb.
NG to Fla; Ala.
Fla, Tex.
La, Tex.
Kan, Tex.
A NEW GENUS OF ENEOPTERINAE (ORTHOPTERA,
GRYLLIDAE) FROM HISPANIOLA
BY JAMES A. G. REHN
The most interesting new genus here described was secured
by Dr. C. H. Arndt, of the Service Technique of the Department
of Agriculture of the Republic of Haiti. While recognized by
me several years ago from the female sex as probably a new
genus, description was withheld until the male sex was secured
by Dr. Arndt in the summer of 1929.
CHREMON» new genus
A member of the Podoscirtine division of the Eneopterinae
and in its sum total of features probably nearer Stenogryllus
Saussure,* also from ‘‘St. Domingo,than an5rthing else known
at present. From Stenogryllus^ however, Chremon can at once
be separated by the unusual spination of the dorsal (extensor)
margins of the caudal tibiae, which, instead of having pronounced
fixed spines and the intervening areas of the margins non-
serrulate, have two or three fair-sized articulate spines distad
and the remaining armament of the same margins fixed and
spinuloso-denticulate. In addition the pronotum is subquadrate
in dorsal aspect, instead of elongate cylindrical, with the caudal
margin sinuate instead of straight, and the lateral lobes with
their ventral margins convex; the rostrum is blunt and not
protuberant, instead of appreciably produced, while the caudal
metatarsi are unarmed dorsad, instead of armed with two
denticules. The male sex of Stenogryllus has not been described
and the tegminal characters of that sex are not known.
Generic Characters, —Elongate, slender, fully alate in both
sexes; male tegmina with specialized stridulating dorsal field.
Head subdepressed, no broader than pronotum; fastigium low,
broad, non-produced; palpi with extensor margin of ultimate
article low obtuse-angulate in profile, subtruncate distad.
1 From XpkfiujVf Chremon^ one of the thirty t 3 rrant 8 at Athens.
* MiSlang. Orth., ii, fasc. vi, pp. 646,694, pi. 17, figs, liii, (1878). Genotype.—
S. phthiaicua Saussure.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
88
NEW AMERICAN ORTHOPTERA (GRYLLIDAE)
Pronotum subquadrate in dorsal aspect; lateral margins sub¬
parallel, cephalic margin concave, caudal margin biconcavely
sigmoid; lateral lobes longitudinal, shallow, weakly narrowing
cephalad, ventral margins arcuate. Tegmina of male with dorsal
surface developed in its entirety as a strididating field, tympanum
divided by a single oblique vein; tegmina of female of usual
simple type. Wings briefiy caudate in both sexes. Cerci
elongate, tapering, equalling ovipositor in female. Ovipositor
elongate, deplanate; apical section strongly deplanate, acute
lanceolate in dorsal and ventral views, surface of apical section
shagreenous, particularly dorsad. Cephalic tibiae inflated proxi-
mad, auditory foramen apert on caudal face, conchate on cephalic
face. Caudal tibiae with dorsal margins spinuloso-denticulate
in distal three-fifths, with two to four (generally two) articulate
spines distad on external margin, two to four (generally three)
on internal: distal caudal tibial spurs subequal on external face,
dorsal the longer on internal face. Caudal metatarsus short,
unarmed dorsad.
Genotype: C. repentinus new species.
Chremon repentinus’ new species
Type, —c?; Coffee Station, Fond des Negres, Massif de la
Hotte, Haiti. July, 1929. (C. H. Arndt.) [Academy of Natu¬
ral Sciences of Philadelphia, Type no. 5490.]
Size medium (for subfamily); surface of most of body dully
polished, sparsely pubescent except for surface (but not margins)
of pronotum, which is bare, limbs more decidedly short pubescent,
tegmina finely pubescent throughout.
Head with lateral margins subparallel; occiput low rounded,
subdeplanate cephalad: fastigium but faintly elevated in profile,
passing without indication into occipital line proximad, broad,
equal in width to a single antennal scrobe, from median ocellus
ventrad to clypeal border with a broad, rounded sulcation,
which dorsad (at median ocellus) is circularly expanded, laterad
of this sulcus between antennae is placed a pair of rather small,
comma-like impressions. Eyes subreniform in basal outline,
greatest width in same view two-thirds of greatest length, in
dorsal view moderately prominent. Palpi subcompressed, pro¬
portions of antepenultimate, penultimate and ultimate articles
as 11, 9 and 10; penultimate moderately infundibuliform;
ultimate moderately broadened, ventral margin straight, dorsal
flattened obtuse-angulate, apex of article truncate, dorsal surface
concavely excavate distad.
* I.e. uriexpectcdy in relation to its unusual tibial spination.
JAMES A. G. BEHN
89
Pronotum with greatest caudal width faintly greater than
greatest (lateral) length of pronotal disk; cephalic margin broadly
and evenly concave; caudal margin biconcave with a weak
obtuse-angulate median angle; surface of disk deplanate, rather
narrowly rounding laterad iniio lateral lobes, except briefly
caudad where the rounding is relatively abrupt: lateral lobes
shallow, greatest depth caudad contained about two and two-
thirds times in greatest length of lobes (as M to 38), moderately
narrowing cephalad by the ascending curvature of the moderately
arcuate ventral margin; ventro-caudal angle broadly arcuato-
rectangulate; ventro-cephalic angle manked but distinctly
rounded; surface of lobes impressed and whole pronotum sub¬
constricted briefly cephalad of ventro-caudal angles, cephalad of
this constriction a shallowly impressed- longitudinal area is
indicated for about one-third of length of lobes.
Tegmina surpassing apices of caudal fpmora by a distance
nearly equal to pconotal length: dorsal field relatively narrow,
with its greatest width at three-fifths of length of same, apex
subacute; anal vein strongly flexed, bisinuate, the more proximal
rectangulate, more distal: obtuse-angulate; but one of three
axillary veins complete, this median and straight in greater part
of its length, more sutural one relatively short and joining
sutural margin, more costal after a nearly straight course turning
at an obtuse-angle and then acutely fusing with median axillary;
oblique veins in two groups, one of four to six more proximal
and abbreviate, the other of two more distal, markedly sinuate
and coalescing very briefly a short distance from anal vein;
chords three in number, the two mesad strongly arcuate; tym¬
panum subovate, greatest width approximately two-thirds of
greatest length, divided in two by an oblique vein, which is
briefly arcuate costad, straight elsewhere: lateral field subequal
in width distad to point of juxta-tympanal node, its greatest
depth contained seven and one-half times in greatest length of
same (as 22 to 165); costal veins sixteen to eighteen in number,
obliquely arcuate, with exception of several of more proximal
ones joined distad to the connecting vein, which is marginal in
distal half of field. Wings surpassing tegminal apices by distance
equal to pronotal length. i
Abdomen moderately tapering, apex somewhat blunted: distal
tergite (supra-anal plate) moderately transverse, moderately
produced mesad with the margin arcuate, its surface vertically
oblique excavate laterad, with a distinct and broad medio-
longitudinal, sectionally trigonal sulcation, and adjacent to base
of each cercus and mesad of same is an evident depressed
area. Cerci elongate, tapering, relatively thick at base. Ulti¬
mate sternite (subgenitaJ plate) moderately produced mesad
into a scoop-like structure, which in ventral aspect has parallel
TEA NS. AM. ENT. SOO., LVI.
90 NEW AMERICAN ORTHOPTERA (gRYLLIDAE)
sides with its apex squarely transverse truncate, in profile ventral
outline of the sternite is arcuate; normally visible portion of
internal genitalia contained in the concave dorsal cup of this
sternite and consisting distad of a pair of erect, acutely lanceolate,
faintly incurved plate-like structures.
Cephalic femora moderately inflated, median pair less dis¬
tinctly so: cephalic tibiae distinctly enlarged in proximal three-
fifths, in both profile and extensor surface views; caudal foramen
elliptical, cephalic foramen conchately inflated, the rimate
aperture flexor in position and subequal to conchate inflation in
length. Caudal femora moderately inflated proximad, not quite
three times as long as pronotal disk; caudal tibiae subequal to
femora in length, subtriquetrous in section, concavo-deplanate
dorsad (i.e. extensor surface); distal articulate spines of dorsal
margins increasing in length ^stad, two in number on external
and three on internal, spinulations of margins other than articu¬
late spines well spaced, slightly smaller proximad, completely
absent in proximal section; external spurs (3) very short, median
actually faintly longer than either of others, being subequal in
length to distal external articulate marginal spine; internal spurs
(3) regularly increasing in length dorsad, dorsal nearly equal to
lateral extent of metatarsus: caudal metatarsus short, subcom¬
pressed, rounded dorsad, dorsal margins narrowly rounding,
and with dorsal surface unspined; metatarsal spurs relatively
long, subdecurved, in dorsal view diverging, embracing the
cordiform, depressed succeeding article.
Allotype ,— 9 ; same locality as type. May 11, 1928. (C. H.
Arndt.) [Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.]
Differing from the description of the male sex in the following
noteworthy features.
Head with fastigium slightly broader than width of single
antennal scrobe (as 11 to 9).
Tegmina elongate, actually and proportionately longer than
in male, very slender, apices surpassing tips of tegmina by a
distance equal to one and one-half times dorsal length of pro-
notum: dorsal field with greatest width contained nearly five
times in length of same field (as 47 to 230); obhque sectors of
dorsal field nine in number; lateral field regularly narrowing
distad in distal two-fifths; greatest width of field contained six
and two-thirds times in greatest length of same (as 22 to 166);
costal veins eleven to twelve in number, less arcuate, nearly
straight oblique, all except a few proximal ones connected
distad by the connecting vein, which is nowhere truly marginal.
Ultimate abdominal tergite (supra-anal plate) in form and
sculpture as in male. Cerci reaching to apex of ovipositor.
Ovipositor valves elongate, length slightly greater than that of
JAMES A. G. REHN
91
caudal femora, moderately deplanate; in profile virtually straight:
apical section deplanate, not wider than shaft of ovipositor,
lateral margins meeting distad at an acute angle ; lateral margins
of doi:^al valves of apex slightly more arcuate distad than those
of ventral valves, the former margins with subrecurved, tubercu-
lato-*dentations, decreasing in size distad; sha^eenous points of
dorsal surface of apical section marked, directed proximad,
largest proximad and becoming relatively minute distad; ventral
surface without shagreenous points, lateral margins there with
recurved dentations decreasing in size distad, from which
marginal dentations extend obliquely proximo-mesad low carin-
ulae, obsolete mesad, which in profile give this surface a file-like
appearance. Ultimate sternite (subgenital plate) relatively
broad, subdeplanate, in outline roughly quadrate; brief lateral
margins straight, gently oblique convergent distad; distal margin
broadly weak arcuate bilobate with a very shallow median
emargination.
General coloration of head, pronotum and limbs pale ochra-
ceous-orange; of abdomen prout’s brown with much pale ochra-
ceous-orange evident on dorsal surface, chiefly on distal tergites
and proximad on the other tergites, indicating the basic quality
of the paler color and the darker tone as a suffusion; tegmina
pale clay color, the veins dull antimony yellow. Head with face
ventrad of paired ocelli and infra-ocular portion of genae fuscous-
brown; buccal region generally nearer cinnamon-brown, occa¬
sionally paling to tawny, and rarely nearly fuscous-brown;
dorsad the infuscate area frequently involves a narrow area
dorsad of each antennal scrobe; eyes pale chocolate to fuscous-
brown; antennae mustard yellow to pale ochraceous-orange.
Pronotum with the entire peripheral border margined with
fuscous-brown, this very narrow cephalad, broader caudad, on
lateral lobes eephalad expanded to cover most of lobes, narrowing
caudad to a width subequal to that of caudal marginal border of
disk. Cephalic coxae, ventral margins of femora and dorsal
surface of median and caudal femora lineate with fuscous-brown;
externo-dorsal margin of caudal tibiae occasionally similarly
lineate, spinulations tipped with darker tone, apical spurs
similarly colored. Ovipositor of general color, very broadly
and evenly bordered laterad with fuscous-black; dorsal surface
of apical section fuscous-brown, venter of same nearer chocolate.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length
Length
Greatest
(caudal)
Length
Length
of
Length
of
of
of
width of
of
caudal
ovi-
body
pronotum pronotum
tegmen
femur
positor
type .
...22
3.44
3.61
16.2
8.5
—
cf, paratype. .
... 18.9
3.52
3.78
16.5
8.7
—
9 , allotype .,.
... 16.9
3.44
3.69
19.3
9.5
9.3
9, paratype .
... 16.8
3.61
3.94
20
8.6
9.1
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
92 NEW AMERICAN ORTHOPTERA (GRYLLIDAE)
In addition to the type and allotype I have before me a para-
typic male having the same data as the type, and six paratypic
females having the same data as the allotype. The color range
of this series has been covered in the above description, and it
presents no noteworthy features except that the number of
costal veins in the tegmina of the female may be as great as
fifteen, while the distal articulate spines of the dorso-internal
margin of the caudal tibiae range from two to four in number,
with three the usual complement, and the same spines on the
dorso-external margin may rarely be as many as four.
I also have before me a series of eight immature specimens,
six bearing the same data as the type and two those of the allotype.
Of these individuals three are males and five are females, and-
all apparently represent the instar preceding maturity except
one male, which is in the next preceding. In these specimens
the number of distal articulate spines on the dorsal margins of
the caudal tibiae may be as few as one, but in the youngest
specimen two and two are present. In color the immature
specimens are essentially the same as the adults except that the
alar pads are narrowly striped pale yellow and fuscous-brown,,
with lateral section of wing pads solidly fuscous-brown, while
the dorsal surface of the abdomen is contrastingly of the general
color with each tergite laterad and distad deep fuscous-brown.
The ovipositor in the immature specimens is of the pale general
color, unmarked with fuscous-brown.
Explanation of Plate VI
Chremon repentinus new genus .and species
Fig. 1.—Male (type). Fond des Negres, Haiti. Dorsal view of pronotum.
(X5.)
Fig. 2.—Male (type). Fond des Negres, Haiti. Lateral view of head and
pronotum. (X 5.)
Fig. 3.—Male (type). Fond des Negres, Haiti. Dorsal field of left tegmen.
(X3.)
Fig. 4.—Male (t3rpe). Fond des Negres, Haiti. External face of distal
portion of caudal tibia with metatarsus. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 5.—Female (allotype). Fond des Negres, Haiti. Ventral view of apex
of ovipositor. (Greatly enlarged.)
STUDIES IN THE DIPTEROUS FAMILY EPHYDRIDAE
PAPER IIP
BY EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
This is the third paper of the series presenting the results of a
study of the Ephydridae in the collection belonging to the
Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, and other material not
strictly of the American Fauna.
Subfamily Notiphilinae (continued)
I have not been able to complete my studies of the genera
Notiphila and Hydrellia for inclusion in the present paper.
These will appear in the next and last instalment of the series.
HYDRIN A Robineau-Desvoidy
1830. Hydrina Robineau-Desvoidy, Myod., p. 794.
1844. Philygria Stenhammar, Ilandl. K. Svenska Vct.-Akad., 1843, p. 154.
The genus Hydrina was erected for the reception of seven new
species, viz. niUda, aurata, vernalis, nigricruriSy maculipenniSy
viridula and cardaminis. Haliday in 1839^ used the name for a
generic concept to include Notiphila picta Fall., N, punctato-
nervosa Fall., N.flavipes Fall., Ephydra sticta Meig., N. interstincta
Fall., E, interrupta Hal. and E, posticata Meig., considering
maculipennis R. D. a synonym of interstincta. The genus was
used in this sense until Loew in 1860^ discarded Hydrina and sub¬
stituted Philygria Stenhammar on account of what he supposed to
be a prior use of the former. Coquillett, in his ‘^Type-Species of
the North American Genera of Diptera,”^ attempted to designate
N, guttata Fall, as the genotype of Hydrina on the supposition
that it is synonymous with //. vernalis R. D. This synonymy,
however, is not correct as is evident on comparing the original
descriptions of these two species. Fallen states “alis albo-
1 Paper 1. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Li,pp. 227-258, (1925); II. Trans. Am. Ent.
8oc., LV, pp. 165-195, (1929).
* Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 405, (1839).
* Neu. Beitr., vii, p. 24, (1860).
* Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxxvii, p. 553, (1910).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
94
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
biguttatis/’while Robineau-Desvoidy says‘‘alis sublimpidis . . .
les ailes sans macula distincte/' Coquillett thus cited a species
not originally included in the genus, and therefore his designation
is invalid. Nor can we consider Westwood’s citation of N,
punctato-nervosa Fallen (1813),® nor Becker’s of E. stictica Meigen
(1830),® for the same reason. Apparently a valid genotype of
Hydrina has never been designated. I therefore designate
Hydrina maculipennis Robineau-Desvoidy (1830) as the genotype
of Hydrina Robineau-Desvoidy (1830).
This designation retains the Haliday-Loew-Becker conception
of the genus, as maculipennis^ which I have recognized, is
congeneric with Notiphila interstincta Fallen (1813). Although
this action sinks Philygria'^ as a synonj^'m, the result seems to
least affect the present nomenclatorial situation. The desig¬
nation of H. nitidaj if we use the first species” rule, would have
merely made the genus unrecognizable, or at least of doubtful
status.
Hydrina punctatonervosa (Fallen)
1813. Notiphila punctatomrvosa Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad.,
xxxiv, p. 254.
This well marked species is recognized by the short, closed
appendages along the second, third and fourth veins.
In the Vienna Collection I found five specimens correctly
determined by Meigen, Frauenfeld and Schiner; also four
undetermined, from Dorpat.
Hydrina maculipennis Robineau-Desvoidy
1830. Hydrina maculipennis Robineau-Desvoidy, Easi. Myod., p. 795.
1830. Ephydra interstincta Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 122. [nec. Notiphila
interstincta Fallen, 1813].
1835. Ephydra interstincta Macquart, Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt., ii, p. 539.
1839. Hydrina interstincta Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 405.
1864. Fhilygria interstincta Schiner, Faun. Austr., ii, p. 253.
1896. Philygria sexmaculata Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xn, p. 191.
The above synonymy is not new, but based on Becker’s
citations under sexmaculata,
Zetterstedt® questioned the conspecific status of Meigen’s and
«Syn. Gen. Brit. Ins., p. 153, (1840).
»Linder’s Flieg. Pal. Reg., Fam. 56, p. 54, (1926).
’Genotype, Notiphilaflavipes Fallen (1813) by Coquillett, (1910, p. 588).
«Dipt. Scand., v, p. 1919, (1846).
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
95
Macquart^s determinations of interstinctay mainly on account of
the smaller number of wing spots and on the paler color of the legs
in that species. Becker concurred with Zetterstedt and renamed
Meigen^s misidentification, and in addition, considered it
synonymous with maculipennu R. D., following Haliday in this
respect, although the latter did not recognize the error of Meigen’s
determination.
I cannot see any valid reason for ignoring maculipennis in favor
of sexmaculata if we accept Becker’s synonymy, and the fact that
the specimens before me of sexmaculata agree so well with
Robineau-Desvoidy’s description. On the other hand, I doubt
the specific distinctness of interstincta and maculipennis, but
believe that we probably have in the former merely a darker form
of the latter, in which there is an intensification in the wing
markings and in the color of the legs. The few specimens before
me suggest that this variation is possible. Should this synonymy
be satisfactorily proven, maculipennis will have to fall for
interstincta.
The Vienna Collection has a female labeled (1) ‘‘interstincta”
in Meigen’s hand (2) “interstincta Coll. Winth.,” and among the
undetermined material I found two specimens from Hammern
and Modling, Austria,
Hydrina interstincta (Fallen)
1813. Notiphila interstincta Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., 1813, p.
254.
1846. Notiphila interstincta Zetterstedt, Dipt. Scand., v, p. 1919.
1896. Philygria interstincta Becker, Berl, Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 190.
Following Zetterstedt and Becker, I am retaining this name for
the form similar to maculipennis R. D. having but five fuscous
spots in the wings, and the femora and tibiae pale. As mentioned
under maculipennis, I doubt if the two forms are distinct. Study
of material from Scandinavia may throw some light on this
situation. I have not seen this species.
Hydrina sticta (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra sticta Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p 121.
1830. Ephydra pictipennis Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 122.
1839. Hydrina sticta Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 405.
I concur with Becker in considering the synonymy of picti^
pennis,
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC.. LVI.
96
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA^ STUDIES
In this species we have a recession of the maculipennis-
interstincta wing pattern, in which the spot in the first posterior
cell is retained and to a lesser extent the one in the second pos¬
terior cell.
Before me are three specimens in the Vienna Collection bearing
Winthem’s labels: one a male, without head, has three labels (1)
Paris'^ (2) ‘‘pictipennis Coll. Winth.’’ (3) ‘^pictipennis.^^
This I select as the TYPE of Ephydra pictipennis Meigen and is so
labeled. The other two females are labeled ‘^Paratype.”
Among the undetermined material I found fifteen specimens
mostly from Solac, Herzegovina.
Hydrina flavipes (Fallen)
1823. Notiphila flavipes Fallen, Faun. Suec., Hydrom., p. 12.
1830. Ephydra rmlarwsiorna Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 123. [syn. Becker,
1902].
1830. Ephydra minuia Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 124. [syn. nov.j.
In this species we have an immaculate wing except for the
clouds on, and faint whitish halos about, the crossveins. The
legs are entirely yellow except, at most, the two apical segments
of the tarsi which are dark; second costal section about twice as
long as the third; face sparingly pollinose medianly, with orbits
contrastingly denser, and lower portion prominent, giving a
concave profile above.
In the Vienna Collection I found two females; the one labeled
(1) ‘‘melanostoma Coll. Winth.” (2) ‘‘melanostoma” is intact and
I have selected and labeled it as the TYPE of Ephydra melano-
stoma Meigen. The other one, lacking the head, bearing one
label similar to (1) above mentioned is labeled ‘‘Paratype.^’
There were also two specimens labeled flavipes Coll. Winth.^'
which are evidently those Meigen determined as this species.
They are but slightly paler examples of his melanostoma, A
female labeled (1) ^^minuta Coll. Winth.^^ (2) Ephydra minuta,^'
is apparently the specimen mentioned by Becker® as the type of
Ephydra minuia Meigen, and I have labeled it as such, but it
does not agree with Meigen's description as Becker also notes, in
that the legs are yellow instead of black. I do not, however,
concur with Becker in treating it as a valid species, but consider it
merely a small individual of flavipes Fall.
»Zeit. f. Hym. u. Dipt., ii, p. 312, (1902).
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
97
Hydrina posticata (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra posticata Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 124.
1844. Philygria nigricauda Stenhammar, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad.,
1843, p. 248. [syn. nov.].
A species belonging to the flavipes-group. Face uniformly
clothed with yellow pollen; the orbits but slightly denser.
Mesonotum and pleura opaque, yellow to whitish with mesonotal
vittae very narrow to almost wanting. Legs yellow; femora
especially, and sometimes middle and hind tibiae, infuscated
medianly; fore tibiae entirely yellow. Second costal section at
least three times as long as third; cross veins rather narrowly
clouded and the whitish halos not conspicuous. Facial profile
typically vertical; the lower portion not produced, but in some
specimens, especially the females, the latter is more noticeable; the
upper portion concaved.
In the Vienna Collection I found a male labeled (1) ‘'posticata
Coll. Winth.^^ (2) “posticata’^ which is selected and labeled
TYPE of Ephydra posticata Meigen. Another specimen, a
female bearing a label similar to (1), is considered and labeled
“Paratype.’^ Both agree with their original description.
Becker^® misidentified this species although he evidently had
examined the above mentioned specimens^** and stated that it is
synonymous with Philygria fenestrata Stenh. although* Meigen
specifically described the “Flugel glashelle.^' Becker describes
fenestrata as “Flugel mit gefleckten Queradern” with “glashelle
Fleck jenseits^^ of the crossveins, and the second costal section as
one and one-half as long as the third. The type shows the second
section at least two and one-half as long.
I believe Stenhammar described posticata under his new species
nigricauda, and later students, not recognizing Meigen^s species,
have been using his name.
Among the Vienna material I found twelve specimens of this
species from various localities in Austria.
Linder’s FI. Pal. Reg., Fam. 56, p. 57, (1926).
^^Zeit. Hym. u. Dipt., ii, p. 312, (1902).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
98
EPHYDRIDAE (DIPTERA) STUDIES
Hydrina trilineata (Meijere)
1907. Philygria trilineata Meijere, Tijd. v. Ent., l, p. 188.
1926. Hydrina trilineata Becker, Linder^s FI. Pal. Reg., Fam. 56, p. 68.
In this species which is very similar to posticataf the thorax is
rather brownish, subopaque, the brown stripes rather broad;
femora and tibiae black, or latter somewhat paler at extremities,
the crossveins scarcely clouded.
In the Vienna Collection I found four specimens of this species
from Germany and Austria.
Hydrina femorata (Stenhammar)
1844. Philygria femorata Stenhammar, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., 1843,
p. 245, pi. 4, fig. 31.
1926. Hydrina posticata Becker, Linder’s FI. Pal. Reg., Fam. 56, p. 57.
[nec. Ephydra posticata Meigen, 1830],
In this species we have the face whitish, with orbits more
densely so, lower part prominent. Mesonotum faintly vittate;
femora dark, and tibiae infuscated; second and third sections of
costa subequal or the second, slightly longer. Crossveins
broadly clouded, with halos more or less distinct in the first and
second posterior cells; ultimate section of fifth vein one-half as
long as penultimate of fourth.
I found five specimens of this species in the Vienna material
from Austria, Bosnia, and Holland.
Becker was evidently in error as to the determination of
Ephydra posticata Meigen although he had examined Meigen^s
type material.^^ In femorata we have the third costal section
much longer than in posticata^ and the whitish halos around the
crossveins are much more extended and distinct in femorata,
Hydrina morans new species
Belonging to the femorata-group in which the third costal section
is almost as long as the second. Similar to that species but the
face is abruptly produced below, and mesonotal stripes broad.
Black; lower margin of third antennal segment, palpi, halteres,
tarsi except apices, yellow. Wings slightly infuscated with
crossveins broadly clouded and with distinct whitish halos in
first and second posterior, and discal, cells.
Opaque; abdomen polished apically. Frons brownish medi-
anly, with narrow white orbits; face whitish with orbits more
Zeit. f. Hym. u. Dipt., ii, p. 312, (1902).
EZRA T. CRE8S0N, JR.
99
densely so; cheeks and lower occiput white. Mesonotum grayish,
with distinct, broad, acrostichal, dorsocentral, and intraalar
stripes, of yellowish brown, the first three forming a large area
posteriorly. Scutellum dark on disc; pleura sparingly gray,
becoming brown above; abdomen brown basally.
Face slightly broader than the cheeks, concaved above, with
lower part abruptly produced. Third antennal segment quad¬
rate; arista pubescent above. Second and third costal sections
subequal in length; second vein straight and distinctly diverging
with third; penultimate section of fourth vein as long as ultimate
of fifth, and one-third as long as ultimate of fourth; fifth vein
bowed before posterior crossvein; third and fourth veins slightly
diverging at tips. Length, 1.8 mm.
Type, —Male; Hieflau, Styria, August 8, 1891, (J. Mik),
[A. N. S. P., no. 6379]. Paratype ,—1 9 ; Achenthal, Tirol,
Austria, (J. Mik).
Hydrina ochracea Oldenburg
1923. Hydrina ochracca Oldenburg, Deut. Ent. Zeit., 1923, p. 313.
A female I found among the undetermined material from
Vienna, labeled ^^pusilla det. Frauenf.,” seems to be this species,
but does not entirely agree with Oldenburg^s description. On
the other hand, it does not seem to be Philygria obtecta Becker
(1896), nor Hydrina impunctata Becker (1926), which arc the only
species known from Europe having the abdomen entirely polli-
nose. The second section of the costa in this specimen is at
least three times as long as the third, and the crossveins are more
or less clouded.
Hydrina interrupta (lialiday)
1833. Ephydra interrupta Haliday, Ent. Mag., i, p. 176.
1839. Hydrina interrupta Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 406.
A relatively large species with the third costal section almost as-
long as second; crossveins broadly clouded and halos distinct.
The face is pale yellow with orbits white; the mesonotum gray
with broad, somewhat diffused, yellowish brown stripes.
The Vienna material contained four specimens which I de¬
termined as this species from Austria and Moravia.
Hydrina tirolis new species
A species belonging to the femorata-group, but without
distinct vittation on the mesonotum, or only a suggestion of such
as two to four anterior gray dashes.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
100
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
Black; lower part of third antennal segment, palpi, base of
halteres, middle and hind tarsi except apices, yellow. Knob of
halteres, and fore tarsi, brownish. Wings immaculate, faintly
brownish with crossveins faintly clouded, without noticeable
halos.
Opaque; abdomen polished apically. Frons uniformly
brownish; face rather sparingly whitish, with orbits more silvery;
cheeks and lower occiput whitish. Mesonotum uniformly
brownish with two to four faint, grayish dashes anteriorly; pleura
grayish, to brownish above. Abdomen brownish basally.
Face as broad as cheeks, concaved above, produced and convex
below. Third antennal segment rounded apically, slightly
longer than broad; arista pubescent above. Wings elongate;
third costal section almost as long as second; second vein straight,
distinctly divergent with third; penultimate section of fourth
vein as long as the ultimate of fifth, one-fourth as long as ultimate
of fourth. Length, 1.8 mm.
Type. —Female; Achenthal, Tirol, Austria, (J. Mik), [A. N. S.
P., no. 6380].
Hydrina nubeculosa (Strobl)
1909. Philygna nuheculosa Strobl, Wien. Ent. Zeit., xxviii, p. 292.
1926. Hydrirm nuheculosa Becker, Linder's FI. Pal. Reg., Fam. 56, p. 56.
An entirely black species with halteres pale; base of tarsi some¬
what diluted and the abdomen (which may be due to the general
greasy condition of the specimen before me) ferruginous. Here
we have a short almost round wing, with third costal section
longer than second; clouds and halos about crossveins distinct.
In the Vienna material I found one specimen from Reichen-
stein, Austria? which I determined as this species.
Subfamily Napaeinae
I propose this name for a group including Axysta, Hyadinay
Pelinaj Brachydeutera, Napaea, Parydra, Halmapota and possibly
Canace, and allied genera. The group is apparently intermediate
between the Notiphilinae and Ephydrinae; probably an offshoot
rather from the Ephydrine than from the Notiphiline phyloge¬
netic branch.
The frontal bristles are generally lateroclinate, but few gendra
may have them proclinate. The face is weakly convex to gibbous,
with the median area bare and the facial series of bristles paral¬
leling the orbits. Anterior dorsocentral bristles absent or
undeveloped.
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
101
Nostima picta (Fallen) new comb.
1813. Notiphila picta Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., xxxiv, p. 254.
1834. Hydrina picta Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 405.
1917. Philygiola picta Hendel, Deut. Ent. Zeit., 1917, p. 42.
The genotype of Nostima Coquillett (1900) is Nostima slossonae
Coquillett, that of Philygiola Hendel (1927) is Notiphila picta
Fallen. The comparison of these two species does not show any
differences of generic importance; the former, belonging to a group
having the wings immaculate or with white spots and the thorax
vittate; the latter-to a group having the wings and thorax spotted
with brown.
This pretty little species is easily recognized, but may readily be
confused with some species of Hyadina, Here we have the
frontal orbits conspicuously white; the mesonotum opaque,
brownish in the male, with two parallel sublateral, silvery stripes,
continuous to the like colored spots at the root of the velvety
black scutellum; in the female these stripes are somewhat
indistinct posteriorly. The femora and tibiae are black to
brown, occasionally becoming almost yellow; the upper part of
the pleura is opaque brown, but without any velvety black spots.
I do not think Notiphila pullula Fallen (1823) is conspecific, but
cannot associate Fallen^s description with any known species.
In the Vienna Collection I found seven specimens of this
species correctly determined by Schiner and Frauenfeld, also
three determined by Schiner which proved to be a species of
Hyadina, In addition to the above, there were six others in the
undetermined material.
This species also occurs in the western United States.
Axysta cesta (Haliday)
1833. Ephydra cesta Haliday, Ent. Mag., i, p. 177.
1860. Axysta cesta Loew, Neue Beitr., mi, p. 28.
Two specimens in the Vienna Collection from Berlin under this
name are correctly determined, but both lack heads, and one has
both wings missing.
Hyadina guttata (Fallen)
1813. Notiphila guttata Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., xxxiv, p. 253.
1839. Hyadina guttata Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 406.
This is the genotype of Hyadina Haliday (1839). I do not find
any reason why this generic name cannot be used for the present
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
102
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
group of species allied to N. guttata Fallen, and which is not to be
confused with that one containing those species I have placed in
Hydrina and belonging to another subfamily.
The present species is distinguished from rufipes Meigen by the
broader and shorter head; cheeks scarcely broader than the third
antennal segment; the latter longer than broad. Mesopleura
with distinct velvety black spot, and there is a distinct whitish
spot each side of the posterior crossvein.
Under this name in the Vienna Collection I found twelve
specimens, mostly from Austria, correctly determined by Schiner,
Frauenfeld and others; also two labeled ^^Ruppin^^ which proved
to be rufipes; also one labeled ‘‘Kowarz” which proved to be
humeralis. Under Hydrina picta I found three specimens of this
species, and among the undetermined material there were four
from Austria.
Hyadina humeralis Becker
1896. Hyadina humeralis Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 195.
Very similar to guttata, but the wings are devoid of the whitish
areas at the posterior crossvein.
Of this species, in the Vienna Collection I found a specimen
under guttata, and among the undetermined material one from
Hammern, Austria, (Mik), and another labeled ‘‘Brunswig.^'
Hyadina rufipes (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra rufipes Meigen, Hyst. Beschr. Eur. Zweifl., vi, p. 126.
1860. Hyadina nitida Loew, Neue Beifcr., vii, p. 28. [?nec. Ephydra nitida
Macquart, 1835].
In the Vienna Collection, under nitida, I found one female
labeled (1) ^^rufipes'^ (2) ^^rufipes Coll. Winth.” which agrees
with Meigen’s description. The ^^zwei schwarzen punkten,
welche Borsten tragen” on the face are distinguished in certain
aspects and are caused by the shadows of the median promi¬
nence in the lower part of the two foveae. Ephydra nitida Macq.
is described as having the ‘^Pieds bruns; base et extr4mit6 des
jambes jaunes.” I would hardly consider the two synonymous.
However, the above mentioned specimen is evidently the one
Meigen had and can be considered the type. I have so labeled it.
This specimen serves to establish the species as distinct from guttata
in having no mesonotal velvety black spot; wings without whitish
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
103
areas at the posterior crossvein, and the legs entirely yellow.
Ephydra nitida Macquart (1835) is either synonymous or unrecog¬
nizable but Hyadina nitida of Loew [nec Macquart], is a misidenti-
fication.
Among the undetermined material from Vienna, I found eleven
specimens of this species from Austria.
Hyadina fenestrata Becker
1903. Hyadina fenestrata Becker, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, ii, p. 173.
Under this name in the Vienna Collection I found a male and a
female from Palma, Canary Islands, (Simony, 1889), determined
by Becker as nitida. They, however, seem to agree rather with
Becker^s description of fenestrata which is described as differing
from nitida in lacking the velvety-black pleural spot but with
distinct whitish spots on the wings, and may be characterized as
follows:
Similar to guttata but the face rather sparingly pollinose with a
median longitudinal, somewhat shining, stripe; third antennal
segment quadrate; cheeks as in guttata; no velvety-black meso-
pleural spot. Wings with distinct whitish spots at posterior
cross vein.
Another male from Grand Canaria, Canary Islands, (Simony),
also determined by Becker as nitida Macq., is similar to the above,
but the face is densely yellow pollinose, without the median
stripe. This may not be fenestrata, but it is probable that the
three specimens are part of the collection reported upon by
Becker in his ‘^Dipteren der Kanarish Diptera of the Canary
Islands ” in which he records fenestrata from Grand Canaria, but
does not mention any material of this genus from Palma.
Under this name I also determined three males from Tainan,
Formosa, (Sauter; February), [Hungary], and two females from
Manila, Philippine Islands, (Brown), [U. S. N. M.], which are,
however, slightly smaller than the Canary Island specimens, but
I do not see any other differentiating characters.
Hyadina pullipes new species
Similar to guttata but lacking the black pleural spot and the
whitish wing spots of that species. Differing from fenestrata in
having the legs for the most part black.
“ Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, iv, p. 152, (1908).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
104
BPHYDRIDAE (dIPTEBA) STUDIES
Black; third antennal segment except the narrow upper margin,
extremities of femora and tibiae, tarsi except apices, apices of
coxae, yellow. Halteres white or pale yellow. Wings hyaline,
immaculate except the distinctly blackened crossveins, but
with no whitish spots near the latter. Frons shining, slightly
dusted with brown; face uniformly yellowish pollinose, becoming
whitish on cheeks. Mesonotum shining, with two median
aeneous stripes, anteriorly; pleura whitish pollinose, becoming
brown on mesopleura, without velvety-black spot. Scutellum
almost polished, without lateral basal velvety-black spots.
Abdomen shining, becoming polished apically.
Structurally similar to guttata. Eyes large, somewhat oblique.
Frons almost vertical in profile; orbits distinctly converging.
Face twice as long as broad. Antennae slightly above center
line of eyes; third segment slightly longer than broad. Cheeks
one-half as broad as face. Abdomen ovate. Venation normal.
(The depressed condition of the posterior portion of the meso¬
notum and the displacement of the scutellum caused by the
pinning, precludes critical description of these parts). Length,
1.9 mm.
Type, —Male; Mount Victoria, New South Wales, Australia,
(Biro; 1900), [A. N. S. P., no. 6381].
The species described from New Zealand by Tonnout and
Malloch, under this genus are not congeneric with guttata^ but
probably belong to Hydrina,
Lytogaster abdominalis (Stenhammar)
1844. Philygria abdorninalis Stenhammar, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad.,
1843, p. 238.
1896. Lytogdster abdominalis Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 203, pi. 5, fig. 9;
pi. 7, fig. 16.
In the Vienna material I found two specimens of this species
from Hammern and GoUing, Austria.
This species also occurs in North America.
Pelina aenea (Fallen)
1813. Notiphila aenca Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.*Akad., xxxiv, p. 253.
1830. Ephydra glabricula Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 121. [syn. Haliday,
1839].
1839. Pelina aenea Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., in, p. 407.
I did not find any specimens of this species in the Vienna
Collection determined by Meigen, nor could Dr. Becker, in 1902.^^
From Meigen's description and figure of the wing of aenea, I
Zeit. f. Ilym. u. Dipt., ii, p. 312, (1902).
EZRA T. CRE880N, JR.
105
doubt if his specimens were conspecific with the species as here
recognized.
We must therefore follow Haliday in recognizing this species
which he considered s 3 aionymous with Ephydra glahricula Meigen,
the types (male and female) of which I found in the Vienna
Collection both labeled ‘^glabricula Coll. Winth.^' Of these I
select the male bearing an additional label ‘^glabricula^^ in
Meigen^s hand as the type. It however lacks the antennae.
The female from ‘‘Bordeau” is considered a paratype. In this
collection I also found thirteen specimens under this name of
which seven proved to be correctly determined, five proved to be
P, aenescens and the other a species of Parydra, Among the
undetermined material there were eleven specimens mostly from
Austria.
Pelina aenescens (Stenhammar)
1844. Telmatohia aenescens Stenhammar, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad.,
1843, p. 210.
1856. Pelina aenescens Haliday, Ins. Brit., iii, p. 345.
Very distinct from aenea and allies in having the thorax more
shining and the mesopleura smooth and polished.
In the Vienna Collection I found five specimens under aenea,
and seven undetermined from Austria, Bohemia, and Albania.
Brachydeutera argentata (Walker)
Twenty specimens of this species were found among the
undetermined Vienna material, from Buenos Aires, Argentina;
Chapult, Puebla, and Takubaya, Mexico. Also two specimens
labeled (1) '^ripicola det. Schiner'' (2) ‘‘Austria Alte Sammlung.^^
I doubt if this species occurs in Europe, but has been reported from
the Canary Islands by Becker.^®
Parydra aquila (Fallen)
1813. Ephydra aquila Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., xxxiv, p. 247.
1844. Parydra aquila Stenhammar, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., 1844, p.
187.
This species is the genot 3 T)e of Parydra Stenhammar (1844), and
is sufiiciently different structurally from Ephydra coarctata Fallen,
the genotype of Napaea R. D. (1830), to warrant the retention
Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl., iv, p. 152, (1908).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
106
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STODIES
of Parydra for a group containing the present species, Parydra
pvbera Lw., Parydra bituberculata Lw., Parydra quadrituherculata
Lw., and others.
The species is readily separated from those of the coarctata-
group {Napaea) by the robust build, somewhat more shining
appearance, the two armed scutellar tubercles, convex face and
recessive chatotaxy.
The Vienna Collection contained thirty-six specimens of this
species correctly determined by Meigen? and Schiner. There
were also thirty-three specimens in the undetermined material,
mostly from Austria, Hungary and Bohemia.
Parydra pubera Loew
1860. Parydra puhera Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 32.
This species is easily distinguished from aquila by the long
black pile and cinereous color of the vesture.
The Vienna Collection contained two specimens of this species
probably determined by Loew, from Germany (Mik), and among
the undetermined material there were seven from Albania and
Sicily.
Napaea coarctata (Fallen)
1813. Ephydra coarctau Fallen, Ilandl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., xxxiv, p.
247.
1839. Napaea coarctata Ilaliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 407.
This is the genotype of Napaea Robineau-Desvoidy (1830),
a genus I consider distinct from Parydra Stenhammar (1844), on
the more strongly developed chatotaxy, there being very distinct
dorsocentrals in most of the species of Napaea, The scutellum
here is rather elongate generally with an evident median,
unarmed, apical tubercle. Other characteristics may be recog¬
nized in the facial development.
The coarctata-group, in which the second vein is more or less
appendiculated, cont^ns three European species known to me,
viz. coarctata Fall., httoralis Meig. and quadripunctata Meig.
These species are typically easily distinguished, but there are
individuals which possess one or more of the characteristics of the
other species, and are consequently difficult to place. This is
true especially of those in poor state of preservation. The
appendage of the second vein is variable and sometimes entirely
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
107
lacking, with hardly a trace of the usual infuscation at that point-
Of course these specimens naturally suggest those in the fossarum-
group, which group lacks this character. Unfortunately these
species, in fact most of the species of Napaea and Parydra, are very
homogeneous, offering very few well marked characteristics.
After much study, however, I have been able to satisfactorily
separate these species, making use of characters which at first
appeared to be of no specific value.
As distinct from the other two, coarctata is more densely
cinereous on the abdomen. The males have the lateral margins
of the abdomen generally rounded, but occasionally there is an
abrupt turning under of the tergite. This rounding of the
abdominal margins will easily distinguish the males from those of
liiioralis. This abdominal characteristic is also shared by the
males of quadripunctaia, but that species may be distinguished by
the strongly developed sublateral scutellar bristles. The
scutellum in the present species is generally more elongate than
in the others, the dorsum more thickly setulose, with the sub-
lateral bristles often inconspicuous and indistinguishable from the
surrounding setulae. A very good character is found in the
whitish hairs of the middle coxae, no blackish bristle being
present except in very rare instances. ^
In the Vienna Collection I found thirty^Svo specimens under
this name, determined by Meigen? Wiedemann? Schiner, Egger,
and Becker, and were with exception of two individuals correctly
named. These two proved to be littoralis and quadripunctata.
Among the undetermined material in the above collection I found
about ninety-five specimens from Austria, Hungary, Bohemia,
Bosnia, Dalmatia, Sicily, Switzerland, and Holland and the
Canary Islands.
Napaea quadripunctata (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra qiiadripunctcUa Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 117.
1839. Napaea quadripunctata Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., in, p. 407.
Of this species, Becker in his paper on Meigen's types says
‘‘Ein Exemplar in der Winthen^schen Sammlung deutete ich als
Parydra littoralis Meig.?'^ Meigen's original description men¬
tions that this species was received from Prof. Wiedemann. I
cannot doubt but that the female in the Vienna Collection
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
108
EPHYDIUDAE (DIPTERA) STUDIES
bearing labels: (1) '^4-punctata Coll. Winth.’’ (2) ‘^4-punctata
(the latter apparently in Meigen^s handwriting) is at least a
part of the original series. Label (1) was made subsequent to (2)
and ‘‘Coll. Winth.^^ is probably an error. It agrees with the
original description and I have labeled it “TYPE Ephydra
quadripunctata Meigen.’* The anterior rudiments of two median
grayish stripes and the grayish spots at the lateral sutural regions
are fairly conspicuous and are probably responsible for the
specific name, I am further influenced in this selection by the
determinations, of Schiner, Egger, Frauenfeld and others, as
quadripunctata, a series of twenty-one specimens which they
recognized as conspecific with Meigen^s specimen, and as distinct
from littoralis. In addition to the above mentioned specimens,
there were three which proved to be coarctata and three, littoralis.
I consider this species quite distinct from littoralis. It is
similar to coarctata in the revolute lateral abdominal margin of
the male, but is distinguished from both in the following charac¬
teristics:
Scutellum more quadrate than in coarctata, not so noticeably
setulose, the setulae being confined more to the lateral regions of
the dorsum; the sublateral bristles are well developed and are
generally nearer the base than the apex of the scutellum. Middle
coxae with a conspicuous, long, black bristle. It is less shining
than littoralis, the mesonotum generally entirely opaque olive
brown.
Among the undetermined material belonging to Vienna I found
thirty-five specimens, mostly from Austria, Hungary, and Sicily;
also a specimen under coarctata and another'under littoralis.
Napaea littoralis (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra littoralis Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 116, pi. 60, f. 8.
1839. Napaea litoralis Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 407. [error for
littoralis].
1844. Parydra liiqralis Stenhammar, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., 1843,
p. 188. [error for littoralis].
This species was represented in the Vienna Collection by twelve
specimens correctly determined by Schiner, Berganstamm and
others. This series included two males and a female bearing the
Winthem collection labels. One of these males labeled (1)
“littoralis Coll. Winthem” (2) “littoralis,” I select as the type
EZRA T. CRES80N, JR.
109
and labeled ‘‘TYPE Ephydra littoralis Meigen.” The other
two, bearing similar (1) labels, I consider Paratypes.
As distinguished from coarctatay the present species is more
robust, more shining; the pollinose vesture sometimes very
sparse. The lateral abdominal margins are sharp, the ventral
lobes being angularly turned under. The scutellum is more
convex, with the subdorsal bristles well developed, generally sit¬
uated about midway between the base and the apex of the
scutellum and easily distinguished from the sparse, surrounding
hairs. One also notices the lighter color of the sternopleura in
contrast with that of the darker mesopleura. The legs are more
strongly setulose, not pale as in the fore-mentioned species; the
anterior surface of the tibiae has two conspicuous shining areas;
the wings are more strongly tinted with brown. The more gen¬
eral shining appearance will also distinguish the present species
from quadripunctata.
In addition to the above, there were five specimens incorrectly
determined, of which three proved to be coarctata Fallen, and two,
quadripunctata Meigen. Among the undetermined material I
found eighty-nine specimens from Austria, Hungary, Bohemia,
Sweden and Holland; also one under coarctatay one under quadri¬
punctata and one under Ephydra riparia,
Napaea nigritarsis (Strobl)
1893. Parydra nigritarsis Strobl, Wien. Ent. Zeit., xii, p. 280.
1926. Napaea nigritarsis Becker, Linder FI. Pal. Keg., Fam. 56, p. 101.
This seems to be a mountainous species. It was originally
described from the Styrian Alps. Before me are four specimens
which I determine as this species, from Carinthia and Tyrolis,
found in the unidentified Vienna material. I have not seen
authentic specimens of this species, but feel certain that I have
correctly determined these individuals. The species belongs
to a difficult group. As here determined this is a rather strongly
golden-brown pollinose species; the brown opaque frontalia
distinct; face opaque; cheeks broader than width of third antennal
segment and about one-third height of eyes. Mesonotum more
shining; the gray markings discernible; dorsocentrals not very
evident as distinct from the setulae. Halteres yellowish.
Abdomen more shining, sparingly pollinose, bluish. Wings
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
110
EPHYDBIDAB (dIPTEBA) STUDIES
short, distinctly brownish; white spots very pronounced but
small; second vein paralleling costa and entering same rather
abruptly, making the second and third sections almost equal in
length; ultimate section of fourth vein short; fifth vein convex
towards inferior margin; posterior crossvein distinctly oblique.
Setulae of legs rather strong; tarsi black or brownish basally.
The specimens before me are labeled: “Heiligenblut, Carinthia,
6.8.21, Zcrny,” [3]; “Obladis, Tirolis, 14.7.88, Mik,” [1].
Napaea mitis new species
Suggesting pusilla in general build but is slightly larger; the
face has but one bristle each side, the wings showing noticeable
infuscation along the veins.
Black; halteres brownish. Wings brownish, especially along
the veins and at the crossveins; the latter with accompanying large
whitish spots. The polliniferous vesture sparse so that the
shining surface is discernible; brown on frons, thorax, and ab¬
domen, more grayish on face and legs; the facial orbital areas
more densely so; no bare areas on tibiae; mesopleura more opaque,
brown. Anterior dorsocentral grayish marks very faint. Frontal
vittae not very well marked, slightly more opaque, but the frons
is almost uniformly subopaque.
Face oblique, not exceptionally prominent at epistoma, about
as broad as long, slightly carinate medianly above; parafacials
narrow, not broadening below. Che'^ks narrow, not as broad as
third antennal segment. Third antennal segment longer than
broad; arista pubescent, thickened basally. The three posterior
dorsocentrals scarcely longer than the setulae; prescutellars
strong; 1 presutural, 1 supraalar, 2 notopleurals, and 1 meso-
pleural, discernible. Scutellum scarcely broader than long,
rather semicircular, with no apical tubercle; apical bristles much
closer together than their length. Abdomen longer than broad;
second to fourth segments subequal in lengths; fifth longer (in
type); lateral margins rather sharp. Legs normal. Third
costal section of wings longer than second; no appendage on
second vein; ultimate section of fourth slightly longer than
preceding section; posterior crossvein erect. Length, 2 mm.
Type, —Male; Hammern, Upper Austria, August 11, 1877,
(J. Mik), [A. N. S. P., no. 6362], Paratype ,—1 9 ; topotypical,
August 23, 1872, (Mik), [Vienna].
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
Ill
Napaea pusilla (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra pusilla Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 126.
1839. Napaea pusilla Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 408.
Dr. Becker^® selected the male in the Paris Museum as the
type of this species. In the Vienna Collection I found a male
bearing labels (1) ^'pusilla Coll. Winth.’^ (2) ‘‘Ephydra pusilla^'
which is probably part of Meigen’s original series and may be
considered a paratype.
That collection also contained twelve specimens of this species
correctly determined by Schiner and others; ten undetermined
and incorrectly determined; also one determined by Frauenfeld
which proved to belong to the genus Hydrina.
Napaea consors now species
This species is very similar to fossarum Haliday, from which it
has very few differentiating characters. However, the following
comparative diagnosis will serve to separate the two:
Slightly more densely yellow brown pollinose. Abdomen with
revolute lateral margins in the males. Wings shorter and more
brownish tinged; ultimate section of fourth vein shorter, not or
but little longer than the preceding section.
Type. —Male; Ombla Tal, Dalmatia, May 23, 1923, (Zerny),
[A. N. S. P., no. 6363]. Paratypes.—S cf, 1 9 ; topotypical. 1 9 ,
labeled “Kjuma, 6. VI. Alban. Exp. ’18,^’ seems to be conspecific
with the above series.
Napaea nubecula (Becker)
1896. Parydra nubecula Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xl, p. 212, pi. 6, f. 21.
1926. Napaea nubecula Becker, Linder, FI. Pal. Reg., Fam. 56, p. 101, fig. 120.
A species allied to fossarum Hal., but much more densely pale
brown pollinose; third antennal segment basally, sometimes
entirely, brown to tawny; extremities of femora and entire tibiae
ferruginous. Scutellum raiher broad, convex, with sublateral
bristles well towards base. The apical infuscation of the wings
always present, but sometimes difficult to discern.
Among the undetermined Vienna material I found seven
specimens of this species from Austria.
Zeit. f. Hym. u. Dip., ii, p. 313, (1902).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
112 EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
Napaea foasarum (Haliday)
1833. Ephydra fossarum Haliday, Ent. Mag., i, p. 175.
1839. Napaea fossarum Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 407.
This species is very distinct from, but some individuals may be
confused with the small ones of, quadripunctata Meig., especially
the females. In the present species we have the face shorter and
more prominent below; abdomen with sharp lateral margins;
wings longer and more clear and not much wrinkled; second vein
entering the costa rather acutely without appendage and rarely
with infuscation.
The Vienna Collection contained thirty specimens, of which
twenty-nine were correctly determined by Schiner and Becker.
The other specimen proved to be pusilla Meigen. Among the
undetermined material there were sixty-five specimens mostly
from Austria, Hungary, Bosnia, Herzogovina, Dalmatia, Sicily
and Tunis.
Halmapota salinaria (Bouche)
1834. Ephydra salinaria Bouche, Naturg. f. Ins., p. 99, pi. 6, fig. 13.
1856. Halmapota salinaria Haliday, Ins. Brit., iii, p. 346.
I found eleven specimens under this name in the Vienna
Collection, of which five proved to be Ephydra riparia Fallen.
Subfamily Ephydrinae
The species of this subfamily have the frontal bristles latero-
clinate; the face produced on lower portion, with the mouth
opening large and gaping; median area setulose and the facial
series of bristles divergent with the orbits above, the two series
often contiguous; anterior dorsocentrals generally present and
well developed.
The following genera known to me fall in this group: Teichch
myza, Ephydra, Coenia, Philotelma, Scatella, Lamproscatella and
Scatophila,
Teichomyza fusca Macquart
1835. Teichomyza f usca Macquart, Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt., ii, p. 535.
In the Vienna Collection I found twenty-eight specimens under
this name correctly identified, mostly from London, England, and
Germany; also seven which proved to be Ephydra riparia Fallen.
I also identify fifteen from '‘Frankfurt’^ and Paris.”
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
113
Ephydra riparia Fallen
1813. Ephydra riparia Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., xxxiv, p. 246.
1830. Ephydra albula Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 115. [syn. Stenhammar,
1844].
1860. Ephydra riparia Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 35.
This is a common holarctic species, and the type-species of the
genus. It also occurs in North America, there the typical form
having been described as milbrae Jones, and the variety maceU
laria, as subopaca Loew.
The species was originally described from Sweden, and was,
for a time, a composite, including Ephydra micans Loew, Ephydra
fumosa Stenhammar, and probably other allied species of this or
related genera. Loew was the first to limit it as here understood.
In my own determination of the species I am influenced by the
five specimens in the Vienna Collection bearing labels (1)
‘^Suecia” (2) riparia Coll. Wiedem.*^ There is no record of
who made these determinations, but Zetterstedt records the
species from the more northern districts of Norway and from
Swedish Lappland. I have not seen any specimens of the
typical form from Central Europe, there being apparently replaced
by intergrades with the variety macellaria. Typically the femora
are entirely black and the tibiae ferruginous, not yellow, but the
latter become paler in the more southern individuals, and in South
Europe and North Africa we have the variety macellaria Egger
with the legs entirely yellow. There are all intergradations be¬
tween these two extremes.
Meigen in his work on the European Diptera described this
species as Ephydra albula from three specimens in the Winthem
Collection. In the Vienna Collection I found seven specimens
bearing the Winthem labels ‘‘albula Coll. Winth.'^ Of these I
select a female, bearing an additional label in Meigen^s? chirog-
raphy “albula,” as the TYPE. I cannot, however, consider any
of the others paratypes.
In addition to the twelve specimens above mentioned, I also
found in that collection thirty-four specimens determined as this
species by Meigen, Frauenfeld, Schiner and others. Of these
twelve proved to be Ephydra micans Loew. Under macellaria 1
also found forty-nine specimens from Austria, Turkestan, and
Canary Islands, which I consider riparia; and among the unde-
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
114
EPHYDBIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
termined material, seventy-nine, mostly from Austria, Hungary,
Pollen, and Sicily.
var. macellaria Egger
1862. Ephydra maceUaria Egger, Verb. Zool. Bot. Gesell. Wien, xii, p. 779.
1864. Ephydra macellaria Schiner, Faun. Austr., ii, p. 262.
1896. Ephydra macellaria Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., XLi, p. 220.
1926. Ephydra macellaria Becker, Linder, FI. Pal. Reg., Fam. 66, p. 75.
This was described, as a species, from Triest, the author sep¬
arating it from riparia on its lighter color, metallic tinged femora
and the relative lengths of the two discal sections of the fourth
vein. In his specimens, the femora are dark with their extremities
pale. Schiner redescribed this form (and there a^e specimens in
the Vienna Collection determined by him), using the venation as
the major differentiating character. Becker in 1896 questioned
the specific value of this venational character, but stressed the
almost total pale color of the legs, the sulcation of the mesotrons,
the seriation of the acrostical setulae and the greater development
of the sixth abdominal segment in the males. He later restricts
the form (as a species) to individuals with entirely yellow legs,
including the coxae.
As originally described, I do not think this can be distinguished
from some minor varieties of the typical form, but there is,
however, an extreme variation for which we may retain this name
with propriety. In this the legs are entirely yellow, apparently
correlated with a somewhat recessive development of their
bristles. This variety, as with the typical form, shows the usual
variation in the color of the face, from golden yellow to almost
snow white, and general body color from olive yellow to grayish
or bluish.
This variety seems to occur in southern palaearctic localities,
but apparently more so in certain districts, probably due to some
environmental influences. I retain Egger's name only for the
extreme form, placing those individuals showing much discolora¬
tion of the femora in the typical series.
Of the sixty-five specimens in the Vienna Collection under this
name, I retain only nine from Egypt, determined by Becker, and
seven without locality, determined by Bergenstamm. In ad¬
dition I found twenty-nine among the undetermined material in
that collection and twenty-one in material kindly sent me by Dr.
Walther Horn.
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
115
The following distributional record is gleaned from the material
before me:
Albania: Durazzo, (Karny), [Vienna, 28].
Tunis: (Fischer), [Horn, 1].
Egypt: Ab-del-Kari, January, (O. Simony), [Vienna, 4; det. Becker].
Jebel Samha, January, (O. Simony), [Vienna, 1; det. Becker]. MakAlla,
April, (O. Simony), [Vienna, 1; det. Becker]. Port Said, April, (O. Simony),
[Vienna, 3; det. Becker].
Iraq: Basra, May, (Schmidt), [Horn, 1].
Turkestan: Askabad, (Lichtwardt), [Horn, 20]. Merv-Oase, March,
(Reitter), [Vienna, 1].
Locality not given: (Bergenstamm), [Vienna, 7; det. Bergenstamm].
Ephydra glauca Meigen
1830. Ephydra glatLca Meigcn, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 120.
The type of this species in the Vienna Collection is a female
labeled (1) “glauca Coll. Winth.” (2) “glauca.” The latter in
Meigen’s hand. This is the specimen mentioned by Becker^^
as a cinereous variety of E. riparia Fallen. It is in excellent
condition and I have labeled it TYPE.
In considering this a distinct species I am influenced by the
general ash gray color of the vesture; strong postorbital cilia;
biserial arrangement of the acrostichals, and the elongate, painted
scutellum. The following diagnosis will serve to distinguish the
species from riparia.
More robust than riparia. General color bluish gray, with
mesofrons shining metallic green; mesonotum and scutellum more
or less metallic green; a faint stripe on mesonotum, and the bases
of abdominal segments, bronze color. Upper surface of thorax
and trace on pleura, brown; face white in type. Postorbital cilia
with three to four long bristles; two distinct acrostichal series of
setulae with two or more pairs, bristle-like; prescutellars moder¬
ate, slightly diverging, but no prescutellar convexity present, nor
tuft of hair on that area; two well developed presuturals. Scu¬
tellum distinctly triangular, flat, with narrow apex, and apical
bristles closer together than their distance from lateral bristles.
Three females labeled “Lacu Sarak. Valachie. A, C. Mon-
tandon.” [Vienna], are very similar to the type but the face is
slightly more prominent; postorbital bristles stronger; aristal
^^Zeit. Hym. u. Dipt., ii, p. 311, (1902),
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
116
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
pectination more distinct; mesofrons with more rounded anterior
margin, and the opaque vittae broader; mesonotum more densely
pollinose. Another female labeled ‘^Hdiyka Indus Phal. 1866^7
is apparently conspecific with the type, but very dirty, with the
face more strongly projecting and the acrosticals almost as
strong as the dorsocentrals.
Ephydra pectinata Cresson occurring in North America is a re¬
lated species.
SETACERA new genus
I erect this genus for those species heretofore placed in Ephydra^
having a long hair arising from the lateral surface of the third
antennal segment. In addition, the known species have the
frontal orbits shining, metallic tinged, with two frontorbital
bristles; face very prominent, with that portion above the
bristles metallic colored concolorous with frons, that portion
between the foveae flattened. Legs more slender, especially
middle femora apically.
Genotype: Setacera pacifica as {Ephydra pacifica Cresson,
1925).
Besides the following species this genus also includes Ephydra
atrovirens Loew, of North America.
Setacera micans (Haliday)
1833. Ephydra micans Haliday, Ent. Mag., i, p. 175.
1860. Ephydra micans Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 36.
1830. Ephydra riparia Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 117. [not Fallen, (1813);
syn. Loew, I860].
We must recognize this species mainly upon Loewis identi¬
fication. It is considered to be Fallen’s Ephydra riparia var. 6,
and is what Meigen described as riparia.
The species has two well developed presutural bristles pres¬
ent; the genitalia of male turgid, without median groove;
tibiae ferruginous basally, darkening apically, sometimes scarcely
diluted basally or again quite pale, the apical darkening not
sharply delimited. The middle of tibiae of male distinctly
cihated beneath with short, erect, evenly spaced setulae.
The Vienna Collection contained eleven specimens under this
specific name, determined by Schiner, of which ten proved to be
correctly determined. The other one, a male, probably represents
a distinct species. Besides the above, I found twelve specimens
EZRA T. CRES80N, JR.
117
under Ephydra riparia labeled as follows: five ‘^riparia Coll.
Winth.^’ (probably part of the series upon which Meigen based
his description of riparia), two ^‘riparia Alte Sammlung/' two
^^riparia det. Bergens./^ and three '^riparia Coll. Wiedem.’^* also
three under breviventris determined by Schiner, and four among
the undetermined material.
Setacera pedalis new species
This form, which I have given specific rank, is so similar to
breviventris that it may ultimately prove to be merely a variety.
As compared with breviventris we have the frons slightly rougher,
and more brilliant blue, the black vittae very narrow, almost
indistinguishable; cheeks slightly narrower; aristal pectinations
more erect (in breviventris these appear almost wanting). Meso-
pleura more grayish, contrasting with the brownish mesonotum.
Abdomen with a more noticeable brownish tinge on dorsum. Dis-
tal two-fifths of tibiae dark, the proximal three-fifths yellow, the
limits sharply defined; distal portion of femora more extensively
yellowish. There may be good genitalic characteristics, but my
series does offer conditions for critical examination. Length,
3 mm.
Type, —Male; Vienna, Austria, September, 1868, (Mik), [A. N.
S. P., no. 6372]. Paratypes. —2 cf*, 9 9 ; Austria. ‘‘Alte Samm-
lung, breviventris det. Schiner.’^ [Vienna Collection].
Setacera breviventris (Loew)
1860. Ephydra breviventris Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 37.
Of the eighteen specimens in the Vienna Collection under this
specific name, determined by Schiner, I found but one perfect and
one without head, which I consider this species. Of the others,
three proved to be micans, two E, riparia, and eleven, my new
species here described.
This species Loew described as differing from micans in the
broader, ovate abdomen; light, shining blue on the dorsum,
yellowish brown and more opaque laterally; fifth segment of male
slightly shorter than fourth; hypopygium flat or slightly turgid
with distinct median groove. Legs blackish in ground color. In
agreement with this diagnosis, 1 have before me what seem to be
two closely allied but certainly distinct forms, and I am influenced
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
118
EPHTDEIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
by Loew’s description of the abdomen and leg coloration in the
determination of his species. The following diagnosis will
serve to distinguish the present species;
Very similar to micans but smaller, one well developed and
often another weaker, presutural bristle; middle tibiae of male
with, at most, very minute flexor ciliation. Abdomen ovate;
hypopygium large with distinct median groove, deeply and
widely cleft apically, the apical appendages with lamellate tips.
Legs as in micans. The females are separated from those of
micans by the smaller size and the absence of, or weakly de¬
veloped, second presutural bristle.
Besides the above mentioned series, I found two more speci¬
mens of this species among the undetermined Vienna material.
Coenia fumosa (Stenhammar)
1844. Ephydra fumosa Stenhammar, Ilandl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., 1843, p.
171.
1860. Caenia fumosa Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 38.
This is acknowledged to be Fallen’s Ephydra riparia var. c, and
is easily distinguished from palustris and curvicauda by the
metallic bronze and bluish banded abdomen.
In the Vienna Collection there were forty-one specimens of the
species correctly determined by Frauenfeld, Schincr and others,
and among the undetermined material I found forty more
specimens, mostly from Austria.
Coenia beckeri Kuntze
1897. Caenia beckeri Kuntze, Deut. Ent. Zeit., 1897, p. 154,
This species is easily distinguished by its large size and bluish
gray appearance. It is recorded, apparently, only from the white
sulphur springs near Rome, Italy.
Of this species I found four specimens in the Vienna Collection
labeled “Roma 5.96,” on reverse “A. Kuntze Dresden.” In the
undetermined material there were three specimens labeled “Italia
Rom Acquae albule,” on reverse “A. Kuntze.” All these
specimens are probably part of the original series collected by
Kuntze at the spring near Rome in 1895 and 1896. They are, at
least, topotypes.
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
119
Coenia palustris (Fallen)
1823. Ephydra palustris Fallen, Faun. Suec., Hyd., p. 4.
1830. Ephydra palustris Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 115.
1835. Coenia palustris Macquart, Hist. Nat. Ins. Dipt., ii, p. 214.
This is the genotype of Coenia and is separated from the other
species, excepting curvicauda, by the general shining black
appearance. Its separation from curvicauda is discussed under
that species.
Of this species there were five males and five females in the
Vienna Collection determined by Schiner and Egger, and among
the undetermined material I found two specimens from Austria
and Hungary.
Coenia curvicauda (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra curvicauda Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 116.
1835. Coenia curvicauda Macquart, Hist. Nat. Ins. Dipt., ii, p. 530.
1911. Cacnia curvicauda Collins, Ent. Alo. Mag., 1911, p. 187.
Collins considers curvicauda Meigen specifically distinct from
palustris Fallen on account of its black halteres and the large
turgid hypopygium. He therefore considers that palustris has
these appendages pale and the hypopygium small. These
characters I cannot glean from the original description by Fallen,
but Meigen specifically described the halteres white in what he
considered palustris and it will simplify the situation if we follow
this interpretation.
In the Vienna Collection I found two males bearing the ‘‘Coll.
Winth.'^ labels, and one of these labeled (1) “curvicauda Coll.
Winth.^’ (2) “curvicauda,’^ I selected and labeled the TYPE, the
other, Paratype.
The series of both species before me show very few specific
characteristics with the exception of the development of the
hypopygium in the males, which, in the present species, consists
of a large anal segment, about one-half the length, and extended
beneath towards the base, of the abdomen, often with the
genital apparatus exerted in form of a slender prong extending
backward towards apex of the abdomen, about one-half the
length of the anal segment. This latter condition is markedly
represented in the typical series. The abdomen is more or less
turgid apically to accommodate this genitalic development,
TRANS. AM, ENT. SOC., LVI.
120
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STODIES
especially when not exerted. In palustris this anal segment is
comparatively small and without the greatly developed genital
apparatus, which latter is not exerted (at least in the series I have
examined). The two species are, therefore, comparatively
easy to separate as to the males. The females on the other
hand are difficult, but I have been able to find a few charac¬
teristics, in the small series at hand, which seem to hold in both
sexes. Curvicauda is slightly more robust than palustris; more
shining and consequently appearing more intensely black.
Head in profile somewhat longer in relation to its height, causing
the eyes to become more oblique; the face is also more produced;
frons more polished, longer as to its width on account of not being
so much depressed at the antennae; thus the line of the anterior
orbital bristle in profile appears to be far above that of the
lunular margin of the frons.
No doubt more intensive study of a larger series of both species
will result in the discovery of other, probably more positive
characteristics. I cannot correlate the color of the haltercs. In
palustris they appear paler, but there are apparently all inter¬
grades to blackish, although not a decided black in curvicauda.
Whether or not Fallen describes palustris as here recognized
cannot, with certainty, be determined, but we know what
curvicauda is, and can comfortably use Fallen^s name for the other
species.
In addition to the above mentioned type series, I found speci¬
mens of this species among the undetermined material in the
Vienna Collection from Usedom, Germany; Frain, Moravia; and
St. Georgen, Hungary. This species also occurs in North
America.
Philotelma nigripennis (Mcigen)
1830. Notiphila nigripennis Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 175.
1896. Philotelma anomala Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 164. [syn. Becker,
1905].
1902. Pseiidoscatella ni^ipennis Becker, Zeit. Hym. u. Dipt., ii, p. 298.
1905. Philotelma nigripennis Becker, Ratal. Pal. Dipt., iv, p. 196.
The genus Philotelma is very similar to Scatella in general, but
the arista is long haired above in the former; the wings are
immaculate, and although similar to Coenia in these respects,
Philotelma has only two posterior dorsocentrals and the buccal
EZBA T. CBESSON, JB.
121
bristle is wanting. The present species is shining black with
scarcely any dusting.
Becker (1902) records the type in the Vienna Collection and
proposed a new genus for its reception, not being aware that he
had previously (1896) erected a genus for the same species which
he described as anomala. It is curious that he did not recognize
this synonymy until 1905.
In the Vienna Collection I found two males; one labeled (1)
‘‘nigripennis Coll. Winth.” (2) “nigripennis,” which I label
‘‘TYPE, Notiphila nigripennis Meigen.’^ The other bearing a
similar label (1) I consider a paratype.
Scatella stas^nalia (P'allen)
1813. Ephydra stagnaks Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., xxxiv, p. 248.
1849. Scatella stagnahs Walker, List Dipt. Br. Mus., iv, p. 1104.
1830. Scatella hiiccata llobineau-Desvoidy, Myod., p. 801. (syn. Haliday,
1856),
This is the genotype of Scatellaj and is one of the most common
of its species, in collections. It is readily distinguished by the
absence of, or rudimentary condition of, the anterior dorsocentral,
but with a well developed sutural pair of acrostichals; four spotted
wings with normal costa, and brown to ochreous face.
Ephydra lutosa Haliday may easily be confused with this
species, and care should be maintained in determining the
smaller and paler individuals of stagnalis, I have endeavored to
state, under lutosa, the best characters for its separation.
Stagnalis, typically, is larger and darker than lutosa, but with
scarcely any other definite structural differentiation. Fallen^s
descriptions do not give us any definite characters upon which we
can establish his species. Haliday'® uses Scatella buccata instead
of stagnalis, stating that “Fallen has probably confounded with
his E, stagnalis all the species with hyaline dots on the dark
ground of the wings, and although Meigen has very fully dis¬
tinguished many species of this character, I can scarcely identify
any of mine exactly with his descriptions.” I am considering
Wiedemann^s and Meigen^s determinations in the Vienna Col¬
lection as bases on which to definitely establish this species. In
this collection there are two males and one female labeled (1)
Ann. Nat. Hist., in, p. 409, (1839).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
122
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
'^Kier^ (2) ‘‘stagnalis Coll. Wiedem./' three males and seven
females labeled (1) ^‘stagnalis Coll. Winth./' one of the latter
males also bearing a handwritten label, probably Meigen^s,
^‘Ephydra stagnalis cT.” These I am considering typical speci¬
mens of this species. There is another female labeled (1)
‘^stagnalis Coll. Winth.” (2) ^'Ephydra stagnalis 9 which is also
probably typical, but it is in poor condition.
Of the forty-six specimens in the Vienna Collection under this
name I consider thirty-eight, including the above mentioned speci¬
mens determined by Wiedemann and Meigen, correctly determined
by Schiner, Frauenfeld, Bergenstamm and Becker. Of the re¬
maining eight, five proved to belong to Scatophila^ two to Lam-
proscatella, and one, a species of Napaea. Among the undeter¬
mined material in the same collection I find eighty-eight specimens
mostly from Austria, Bohemia, Bosnia, Tirols, Styria, Sicily,
Albania, Germany, and Greenland. Also there were ten specimens
determined as silacea by Schiner.
Scatella lutosa (Haliday)
1833. Ephydra lutosa Ilaliday, Ent. Mag., i, p. 176.
1839. Scatella lutosa Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 409.
This species is structurally similar to stagnalis but smaller and
somewhat lighter in color; the whitish wing spots generally larger;
the setulose area of the face shorter in proportion to its length,
with correspondingly less number of setulae; the oral cilia not
stronger than the facial bristles. There is noticeably more gray
on the pleura in contrast with the mesonotum; base of wings, the
margin, and the cilia, of squamae, yellowish; tarsi often
noticeably paler than the tibiae.
The smaller size (3 to 3.5 mm.; 2.5 mm., of Haliday) in com¬
parison with stagnalis is noteworthy, which, correlated with the
paler tarsi and the five spotted wings, convinces me of the
correctness of my determination. Its separation from that
species is, however, not always easy. The small individuals of
stagnalis and some of the dark ones of lutosa are difficult to
determine.
Scatella lutosa var. nigripes Oldenberg^® is, apparently, a form of
lutosa having the tarsi black, but is probably nothing more than a
smaller form of stagnalis.
Deut. Ent. Zeit., 1923, 315.
EZRA T. CRE8SON, JR.
123
In the Vienna Collection I found four specimens under this
name of which three were correctly determined. In the unde¬
termined material there were 108 specimens mostly from Austria,
Germany, Holland, and Sicily.
Scatella sancti-pauli Schiner
1868. Scatella saricti pavli Schiner, Reise Novara, ZooL, ii, p. 243.
This species was described from five specimens collected on
Saint Paul Island in the Indian Ocean. In the Vienna Collection
there are three females labeled (1) '^Novara R. St. PauP’ (2)
^‘Sancti Pauli Alte Sammlung.’^ I have selected the best
preserved specimen for the TYPE and so labeled it. This
individual is, however, somewhat paler than the others but the
appendages, bristles and wings are in better condition.
The species belongs to the stagnalis-gronp and may be dis¬
tinguished by the unusually long and slender hind tibiae, which
are as long or longer than their femora; the general ground color
is brownish, with face grayish. There are no anterior dorso-
centrals but the sutural acrosticals are strong.
Scatella callosicosta Bezzi
1895. Scatella callostco^ta Bezzi, Bol. Soc. Ent. Ital., xxvii, p. 70.
This species has the general characteristics of stagnalis but the
color is yellow ochre; the wing spots faint, and in the male the
first costal section is calloused, occupying more than one-half the
width of the costal cell. The females may probably be confused
with some yellowish individuals of stagnalis,
I have seen but one specimen, a male, of this species, which was
given to me by the late Dr. Bezzi, collected at Catalina in 1892,
and is probably a paratype, or at least a topotype.
Scatella paludum (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra palvduvi Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 118.
1830. Ephydra leucostoma Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 121. [ 33 ^ 1 . Becker,
1902].
1839. Scatella paludum Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p 410.
A species easily recognized by its silvery white face and its
rather shining mesonotum with grayish margins.
The type in the Vienna Collection is a female labeled (1)
‘‘paludum Coll. Winth.” (2) “paludum,and I have so labeled it.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
124
EFHYDRIDAG (dIPTERA.) STTJDIES
Under Psilopa leucostoma Meigen, I found four males and one
female of this species which proved to be the types of Ephydra
leucostoma Meigen, which was described from the Winthem
Collection. I have selected a male bearing label “leucostoma
Coll. Winth.” as the type and it is so labeled. The other four are
considered paratypes. Under this name in the above collection I
also found thirty-three specimens correctly determined by
Schiner, Bergenstamm, and Becker; also among the undetermined
material there were two hundred and four specimens mostly
from Austria, Sicily, Germany, Holland and Egypt.
Scatella silacea Loew
1860. Scatella silacea Locw, Neiie Beitr., vii, p. 41.
This species has four spots in the wings, and strong anterior
dorsocentrals, as well as the usual pair of strong acrostichal sutural
pair, but no posterior acrostichals. The gray of the abdomen
strongly contrasts with the yellow ochre of the head and thorax,
and the third antennal segment is inclined to become pale.
I have seen only five specimens of the species, two of which I
found in the Vienna Collection under stagnalis labeled ^^stagnalis
Coll. Winth.The eleven specimens I found under this name
determined by Schiner proved to be stagnalis.
Scatella subguttata (Meigen)
1830. Ephydra subguttata Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 120.
1903. Scatella subguttata Becker, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl., ii, p. 176.
This is a mottled yellow ochre and white species with distinct
posterior acrosticals and rather well developed anterior dorso¬
centrals. The submarginal cell spot is large and quadrate.
The type in the Vienna Collection is a male, lacking the third
antennal segment, labeled (1) ‘‘subguttata Coll. Winth.” (2)
“subguttata.” With the type, but labeled “aestuans det.
Schiner,” I found nine specimens which proved to be stagnalis;
and one with the thorax incomplete, which I was unable to
determine. Among the undetermined material there were
thirty-seven specimens of this species from Austria, Sicily and
“Dorpat.”
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
125
LAMPROSCATELLA Hendel
Dr. Hendel proposed this genus for the reception of those
species allied to Ephydra sibilans Haliday; characterized by the
presence of anterior dorsocentrals and the absence of the diluted
wing spots, the wings being almost hyaline; thus distinguishing
them from those species allied to E, stagnalis Fallen, constituting
the genus Scaiella. Becker (1926) considered Lamproscatella a
subgenus of Scatella^ and I rather approve of this treatment, but
in the present paper I am keeping it distinct.
The above characterization, however, will not hold in all cases
as regards the American species known to me, but I will not here
attempt to give any definite diagnosis of this group except to add
that, typically, the strong upeurved facial bristle so characteristic
of Scaiella is here removed from the oral margin and more in line
with those of the facial series; the acrostical series are uniform and
complete to the base of scutellum without the strong sutural pair
as in Scaiella. These characteristics will serve for the present to
distinguish this genus.
Lamproscatella dichaeta (Loew)
1860. Scatella dichaiia Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 40.
1926. Lamproscaklla dichaeta Becker, Linder, FI. Pal Keg , Fam. 56, p.-85.
This is not a typical species but is no doubt congeneric with
sibilans. It is more slender and of a general whitish color, with
somewhat metallic green mesofrons, and some brown on the
mesonotum. Th(‘ upeurved facial bristle is prominent and
situated near the oral margin as in Scaiella.
In the Vienna Collection I found ninety-eight specimens of this
species from Austria and Hungary.
Lamproscatella sibilans (IIahda>)
1833. Ephydra sibilans Haliday, Enf. Mag , i, p. 175.
1917. Lamproscatella sibilans Hendel, Dcut. Ent. Zeit , 1917, p. 42.
In this species we have the color generally olive to brown above,
becoming grayish below; the face not broader than long, inclining
to ochre or grayish; frons scarcely broader than long with
mesofrons opaque.
In the Vienna Collection I found fifty-five specimens of this
species mostly from Austria, Bohemia.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
126
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTEBA) STUDIES
Lamproscatella faeroentis (Becker)
1915. ScateUa faeroensis Becker, Zool. Jahrb. Syst., xxxix, p. 132.
1926. Lamproscatella faeroensis Becker, Linder, FI. Pal. Reg., Fam. 56, p. 85.
This species is very similar to sibilans judging from the two fe¬
males before me from Faroe Islands, (Rosen), in the Vienna
Collection determined by Becker, and in all probability it will
prove to be a synonym, or at most a variety or subspecies, of
sibilans. The frons and face are broader, much broader than long;
and the head, in profile longer than high, made so by the more
prominently protruding face. Otherwise I see no differentiation
which seems to be of specific value.
Lamproscatella quadrisetosa (Becker)
1896. ScateUa guadriaetosa Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., XLi, p. 229, pi. 4, Ar. 26.
1926. Lamproscalella quadrisetosa Becker, Linder, FI. Pal. Reg., Fara. 56, p.
85, fig. 95.
This species was originally described from Norway. Cole
reports it from Pribilof Islands, Alaska, but as I have not seen any
specimens of Colo’s series, I cannot confirm his record. He may
have had what Malloch later** described as ScateUa brunnipennis,
paratypes of which I have seen and which are not conspccific with
the three specimens at present before me from Greenland
determined by some one as quadrisetosa Becker.
The species as here recognized is readily distinguished by the
shining mesotrons.
EUSTIGOPTERA new genus
This genus is proposed for the reception of those species
heretofore included in ScateUa having definite maculation in the
marginal cell, and the costa attaining the fourth vein. The face
is shorter than in ScateUa and more oblique with correspondingly
less number of setulae and bristles; frons with one laterally curved
frontorbital; no anterior dorsocentral; abdomen polished black,
in the known species, in contrast with the opaque thorax.
Genotype: Eustigoptera quadrata {Notiphila quadrata Fallen,
1813). _
Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., xi, p. 176, (1921).
« No. Am. Fauna, No. 46, p. 221, (1923).
EZRA T. CRES80N, JR.
127
Eustigoptera quadrata (Fallen)
1813. Notiphila quadrata Fallen, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., xxxiv, p.
255.
1830, Ephydra quadrata Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 119.
1839. Scatella quadrata Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 410.
This species is recognized by the two triangular or rounded
brown spots in the first posterior cell along the third vein which
are more intense than are the remaining infuscated spots in the
cell. The marginal cell has four or more infuscated spots.
We can feel satisfied that this is Fallen^s species, as distinct
from the closely allied and more recently described pauciguttata
Strobl. Fallen's description of the abdomen and wings is in
agreement, and Meigcn also understood the species as is evident
by the four specimens in the Vienna Collection labeled quadrata
Coll. Winth."
In addition to the above mentioned specimens I found four
more labeled ^‘quadrata Coll. Wiedem." of which three proved to
be pauciguttata; also seven specimens correctly determined by
Frauenfeld, Schiner and others; and among the undetermined
material I found seven from Austria and Sicily.
Eustigoptera pauciguttata (Strobl)
1910. ScaUlla paungutlaia Strobl, Mitt. Nat. Ver. Steyorm., xlm, p. 208.
This species is easily confused with quadrata^ but the wings are
shorter, the markings much reduced in number, there being only
three infuscated spots on the marginal cell which are opposite
those in the submarginal, forming short bands between and
contiguous with the costa and third vein. No conspicuous spots
in the first posterior cell along the third vein although there are
spots present which, however, occupy the entire width of the cell,
and there is usually a rounded isolated spot in the second posterior
cell.
. Besides the three specimens determined by Wiedemann as
quadrata in the Vienna Collection, I found two more of this
species among the undetermined material.
TUANS. AM. ENT, SOC., LVI.
128
EPHYDRIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
Eustigoptera stenhammari (Zetterstedt)
1846. Ephydra stenhammari Zetterstedt, Dipt. Scand., v, p. 1842.
1860. Scatella stenhammari Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 40.
Another species very similar to quadrata, but the wing is rather
infuscated, variegated with numerous hyaline spots. There are
no conspicuous spots along the third vein as in quadrataj but the
three infuscated areas or spots in that cell give a similar pattern.
The tarsi are black.
Becker, in his most recent work on this family,cites Meigen^s
determination of quadrata as synonymous with the present species,
but I think he was in error as I mentioned under that species.
Meigen’s specimens are correctly determined.
I did not find any specimens of this species in the Vienna
Collection but have received an European specimen from another
source. The species also occurs in North America.
SCATOPHILA Becker
The type of this genus is Ephydra caviceps Stenhammar (1844),
which is not, in my opinion, synonymous with Ephydra quadri-
guttata Meigen (1830),
The species of the genus have the costa extending to or slightly
beyond the third vein, never reaching the fourth; only one
laterally inclined frontorbital; the facial bristles limited to a
median pair and one at lower angle, all of which may be wanting
especially in the males of some species; the oral cilia are above,
not at, the oral margin. The mesonotum is generally brown
with gray markings, in form of longitudinal stripes and irregular
spots; all of which may, in some species, coalesce and expand so
that the brown is totally, or almost, obliterated. All inter-
gradations occur, and one should be careful in placing too much
stress on this plastic character for specific separation.
The concaved condition of the face in the males of some species
has been used as a specific character for both sexes. This
practice of Loew and Becker naturall}" leads to erroneous con¬
clusions and possible synonymy.
The European material before me is rather lacking in variety
of forms and consequently I am unable to offer much towards
satisfactorily estabhshing the Palaearctic species; nor can I
« Linder, FI. Pal. Reg., Fam. 56, p. 82, (1926).
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
129
depend much upon the works of Becker, nor upon the determi¬
nations of previous students, but must glean from original
descriptions where the examination of types is not possible. The
latter, however, must be done before we can properly understand
the species of this genus.
Scatophila despecta (Haliday)
1839. Scaiella despecta Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 409.
1860. Scatella despecta Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 43.
1896. Scatophila despecta Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 241, pi. 5, fig. 12.
This species is distinguished by the Scatella-like, upeurved
bristle at the lower facial angles.
We must follow Loew and Becker in recognizing this species,
which is, besides Scatophila hamifera Becker,^^ the only known
species of the genus with this characteristic facial bristle. I have
not seen hamifera, which may prove to be only a variety of the
present species.
Here we have apparently the most common species of the
genus; at least it is so in collections. I found fifty-five specimens
in the Vienna unidentified material from Austria.
Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar)
1844. Ephydra cribrata Stenhammar, Handl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., 1843, p.
269.
1896. Scatophila cribrata Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 240.
This species is similar to caviceps Stenhammar in the mesonotal
markings, but is of a more general darker color, with black
halteres and tarsi. The face of the male is convex with the
usual pair of median facial bristles.
I found but one specimen of this species in the Vienna Col¬
lection. It is a female bearing a label ‘‘Dorpat.'’
I have also seen material of what appears to be this species from
Greenland.
Scatophila laevigata (Loew)
1860. Scatella laevigata Loew, Neue Beitr., vii, p. 44.
1896. Scatophila laevigata Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 243.
A female in the Vienna Collection labeled (1) ‘‘noctula Coll.
Winth.’’ (2) “noctula” is probably, as Becker states,^^ this species,
*»Berl. Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 242, (1896).
*^Zeit. Hym. u. Dipt., ii, p. 310, (1902).
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
130
EPHYDBIDAE (dIPTERA) STUDIES
but the thorax is so discolored that the markings are indistinguish¬
able. That it is noctula Meigen^® is also probable, but as it does
not agree with Meigen^s original description, we cannot consider
it in this respect.
This species has very narrow cheeks; a distinct interacrostichal
gray line, especially discernible posteriorly; and the abdomen is
polished black.
Besides the above mentioned specimen, I found another
female of this species labeled ‘^4-guttata Coll. Winth.^^
Scatophila quadriguttata (Moigen) new comb.
1830. Ephydra quadriguttata Meigen, Syst. Beschr., vi, p. 120.
1839. Scatella quadriguttata Haliday, Ann. Nat. Hist., in, p. 410.
I cannot ignore Meigen’s name for this species upon Becker^s
argument.^® It may, however, prove to be a form or variety of
caviceps Stenhammar. The error in Meigen’s description of the
number of wing spots is easily explained, and is not inexcusable
in view of the comparative crude accessories with which the early
students had to work. Rather it is to be considered extraordinary
that such minute details as are sometimes described were pre-
ceived by these students. We can and should allow for con¬
siderable discrepancies in the early descriptions of these small
insects.
Of the known European species having the face of the male
concaved or flattened, the present one may be distinguished by
the whitish scutellum and mesonotum, the latter with a median
brown stripe before the suture, slightly broader than space
occupied by the acrosticals, and expanding posteriorly to include
the dorsocentrals. This is the condition in which the narrow
anterior and posterior gray stripes of the typical pattern are
expanded, coalescing and occupying the greater portion of the
lateral mesonotal surface, leaving the intradorsocentral region
brown. The wings generally have more or less distinct apical
diluted spots in the submarginal and first posterior cells. It is
unnecessary to further amplify the specific characteristics here,
except to state that these mesonotal and scutellar characters are
present in both sexes.
In the Vienna Collection I found a male and three females
*®8yst. Beschr., vi, p. 119, (1830).
Zeit. Hym. u. Dipt., ii, p. 311, (1902), and Lind. FI. Pal. Reg., Fain. 56, p.
87, (1926).
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
131
labeled ‘'4-guttata Coll. Winth.,” of which I selected and so
labeled the male as the type, which also bears a second (hand¬
written) label ^^4-guttata.’’ The other specimens I labeled
paratypes, although one of them proved to be Scatella laevigata
Loew.
Besides the above, I found among the undetermined material
in the same collection, six specimens of this species, mostly from
Austria, Germany, and Sicily, and two which were found under,
and determined by Schiner as, cribrata.
Scatophila caviceps (Stenhammar)
1844. Ephydra caviceps Stenhammar, Ilandl. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad., 1813,
p. 270.
1896. Scatophila caviceps Becker, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xli, p. 241, pi. 6, fig. 35.
This is the genotype of Scatophila and may prove to be sy¬
nonymous with Ephydra quadriguttata Meigen (1830).
Stenhammar’s original description states that the face is
concaved, and the mesonotal markings consisting of narrow
dorsal lines almost as in cribrata, he describes as ‘Hwo short ante¬
rior narrow white lines . . . and an abbreviated lateral one on each
side posteriorly” (translation). Here we have the mesonotum
brown with two narrow presutural gray stripes between the acros-
tichal and dorsocentral series, and a narrow postsutural stripe
laterad of the posterior-dorsocentrals and ending just before the
second dorsocentral. The scutellum is brown, with or without
basal and apical median gray spots. Mesopleura with a more or
less broad, horizontal, median gray bar attaining the posterior
margin, often expanding, leaving only an upper and a lower spot
of brown.
In other respects I can see very little to differentiate this
species from quadriguttatay but the scries of both these forms,
before me, are limited, and although there is a strong tendency
in some specimens to intergrade in the matter of the mesonotal
markings, I do not care to consider them synonymous at this
writing.
In the Vienna Collection and their undetermined material I
found fifteen specimens of this form; One male correctly de¬
termined, one male and three females under and determined as
siagnalisy one female determined as cribrata and nine unde¬
termined, from Usedom, Germany; Hammern and Vienna,
Austria and Sicily.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
SHORT STUDIES IN AMERICAN HESPERIIDAE
(LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA)
BY R. C. WILLIAMS, JR., AND E. L. BELL
I. On Pyrgus syrictus Fabricius and orcus Cramer
Syrichtus Fabricius^ is very closely approached in superficial
appearance by the insect described by Cramer as orcuSj^ which has
been generally placed by authors as a synonym of syrichtus.
The possibility of the two being distinct from each other has
been suggested from time to time; Barnes and Lindsey^ call
attention to the paper by Dr. Revcrdin,^ in which he describes
fumosa as a new form of syrichtus^ and gives the name syrichtides
to the insect described by Cramer as orcus. In this paper they
definitely fix montivagus Reakirt as the form of syrichtus which has
the under surface of the secondaries suffused with brown, and
fumosa Revcrdin as a synonym of montivagus; they also indicate
their belief that orcus is distinct from syrichtus, Skinner and
Williams^ also indicate that syrichtus and syrichtides may be
distinct species.
Barnes and Lindsey mention, in the paper above referred to,
that Butlei’® applies the Fabrician name to specimens from
Honduras, and that Capt. N. D. Riley, of the British Museum,
had written them that in the series of that Museum, the North
American insect is represented by specimens from Mexico to
Costa Rica; and the other insect from Panama and South
America. C^apt. Riley has sent us a list of the specimens in the
British Museum, and our examination of the long series in the
collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia,
American Museum of Natural History, New York City, and the
Bell collection, largely bears out this distribution, extending it to
1 Syst. Knt., p. 584, (1775).
* Pap. Exot., IV, p. 87; p. 334, fig. 1, (1782).
3 Ent. News, xxxii, pp. 78-79, (1921).
<Bull. Soc. Lep. Genove, iv, pp. 90-107, (1919).
® Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., xlviii, pp. 287-288, (1922).
®Cat. Fabr. Diurii. Lepid., Br. Mus., p. 280, (1809).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
134
AMERICAN HESPERIIDAE (lEPIDOPTERA)
Salvador for orcws, and to the West Indies where the two species
apparently do not occur together on any one island, syrichtus
being confined to the islands north of Dominica, and orcvs to
Dominica and the islands south of it. It will be seen from the
accompanying records of the distribution, that on the mainland
syrichtus is principally found in the region north of Costa Rica,
and orcus south of that country, the two species overlapping there
and at least as far as Salvador, though from the very few records
of orcus in this region and the many records of syrichtusy it would
seem that orcus is not of very common occurrence.
The two species are separable on at least one superficial
character and the form of the male genitalia. The superficial
character is found on the under side of the secondaries, in the
space above the costal vein. In all specimens examined, syrichtus
has four dark spots in this space, as follows: the first at the base,
the second a little beyond it, the third about the center, and the
fourth at the extreme end; whenever one of these spots may be
absent, it is never the third one, though that spot on very rare
occasions may be reduced; orcus always lacks the third spot, and
the fourth usually does not enter the space, but is just outside of
it at the outer angle. The valvae of the male genitalia of
syrichtus terminate in a broad, evenly rounded apex, the dorsal
edge produced backward and inward in a curve and strongly
dentate; at about two-thirds the length from the base there is a
lobe projecting inwardly from the ventral edge and furnished
with several strong spines. The valvae of orcus are not evenly
rounded at the apex, but project somewhat, or are produced into
a substantial lobe, as Skinner and Williams have aptly put it
^Tike the toe of a slipperthe dorsal edge is not produced so far
backward and curved inward, as in syrictus; the lobe of the ventral
edge is lacking, but there are some strong spines projecting
inwardly at about the center.
Of the two forms of the valvae of orcus illustrated, figure 3 is
the common one; the second form, figure 4, is known to us only
from Tarap, Peru, as recorded by Reverdin, and from our own
Ecuador material. We have not found any connecting forms.
The records of the distribution of the two species are taken
from collections previously mentioned which are abbreviated as
follows: [Ac.] = Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia;
[Am.] = American Museum of Natural History, New York;
[Br.] = British Museum; [B.] = E. L. Bell collection.
R. C. WILLIAMS, JR. AND E. L. BELL
135
Pyrffus syrichtus Fabricius
The following records include those of the typical form and
form montivagus Reakirt = fumosa Reverdin.
United States of North America.
Florida: Key West, (Morrison), [Ac.]; (Lutz, Schwarz), [Am.]. Tampa,
October 19, (Engelhardt); Royal Palm State Park, March 24, (Morgan); [B.].
Texas: Corpus Christi (Aaron); San Antonio; Brownsville; San Benito, July
16 to 23, [Ac.]. Brownsville, January 15, February 14 to 25, April 12 to 20,
May 7 to 14, November 5 to 14, (Piazza, Ellis, Doll, Engelhardt); Corpus
Christi, April 5, (Engelhardt); [B.].
ARIZONA: (Morrison), [Ac.].
Mexico. Esquintla, Chiapas, January, April, June, (White); Ocotlan, Oa¬
xaca, November, (White); Uruapam; Colima; Ocotlan, Jalisco, 5000 feet elev.,
August 29, (Calvert); Vera Cruz, November 28, (Williams); Texola, Vera Cruz,
March; Yucatan, (Gaumer); [Ac.]. [Br.]. Jalapa, May 27; Coatepec, May
20 to June 25, (Fulda); Manzanillo, May 27; Colima, May 9; Iguala, October,
November; [B.].
Central America.
GUATEMALA: Gualan, January 14, 17, [Ac.]. Quirigua; [Br.]. Morales,
March, November, (White), [B.].
HONDURAS: San Pedro Sula, November, (Lienhart), [Ac.]. [Br.].
SALVADOR: [Br.].
NICARAGUA: [Br.].
COSTA rica: [Br.]. El Libano, Guanacaste, 2000 feet elev., (Gillott);
Cartago, 4500 feet elev., (Gillott); May 14, (Calvert); Puntarenas; San Juan,
2500 feet elev., (Gillott); [Ac.]. Orotina, July 18, (Smith); [B.].
West Indies.
CUBA: (Brown, Forbes, Huntington); [Am.]. [Br.]. Havana, January 12,
(Williams); Guantanamo, February 11, (Skinner); Sierra Madre Mountains,
25(X) feet elev., November 2 to 30, December 1 to 31, January 1 to 29, (Querci);
[Ac.]. Santiago, August; Cobra, August 22, (Fulda); Guantanamo, July 15;
[B.].
PORTO Rico: (Watson), [Am.]. Abonito, March 18, (Williams); San Juan,
March 14, (Williams;; [Ac.].
HAITI AND SAN DOMINGO: [Br.]. Port au Prince, March 5, (Hughes); Port
au Paix, July 22, (Abbott); Samana, June 16, (Abbott); [Ac.]. Au Cayes,
June 15, (Watson); Petionville, June 13, (Watson); [Am.].
Jamaica: [Br.]. Bath, January, (Swanson), [Ac.]. (Watson), [Am.].
Claremont, June, July, (Perkins), [B.].
ST. THOMAS: [Br.]. (Fox), [Ac.]. (Brown, Forbes, Huntington). March
14, April 13, (Perkins), [B.].
ST. KITTS : [Br.]. Basseterre, March 17, 26, (Forbes); February 1*9, (Fox);
[Ac.]. Brimstone Hill, March 10, (Huntington), [B.].
ST. CROIX : (Brown, Huntington), [Am.]. Fredericksted, March 21 to 29,
(Forbes), [Ac.]. (Forbes, Huntington), [B.j.
TRAN8. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
136 AMERICAN HESPERIIDAE (lEPIDO'pTERA)
ANTIGUA: (Crampton), [Am.]. English Harbour, October 20 to 25, (Porter),
[Ac.].
GUADELOUPE: (Huntington), [Am.].
Pypgus orcus Cramer (syrichiides Reverdin)
Central America.
SALVADOR: [Ac.].
costa rica: Boras Del Toro, November 21, (Williams); Limon, November
25, (Williams); [Ac.].
panama: [Br.]. Gatun, Canal Zone, June 17, July 25, September 1,
(Rhoads); June 17, (Ilarrower); Colon, November 19, (Williams); Santiago dc
Veraguas, (Davies); [Ac.]. Tapia Bridge, October, (Bell); Barro Colorado
Island, Canal Zone, October, (Bell); Gatun, Canal Zone, October, (Bell);
Summit, Canal Zone, October, (Bell); [B.],
South America.
Colombia: [Am.]. [Br.]. Muzo; Eastern Colombia; Aracataca, Magda¬
lena, August 9, (Rehn); Hacienda Cincinnati, Sierra San Lorenzo, Magdalena,
4500 feet elev., August 9, (Rehn); [Ac.]. Cauca Valley, August, September,
[B.].
Venezuela: [Br.]. Cariaquito, (Brown), [Ac.].
BRITISH GUIANA : Bartica; Pumatumari, Potaro River, June 24, (Forbes),
[Ac.].
DUTCH GUIANA: Paramaribo, April 8, (Mayo); Moengo, Boven, Cottica
River, May 16, (Forbes); [A<;.].
ECUADOR: [Br.]. Huigra, 4(X)0 feet elev., March, (Rhoads); November,
(Coxey); Bucay, 1000 feet elev., November, (Coxey); Naranjapata, 1800 feet
elev., November, (Coxey); Dos Puentes, January 8, (Coxey); Pimigon; [Ac.].
Huigra; Guayaquil; Tenguel; [B.].
bouvia: [Br.]. Rio Songo; Coroico; Buena Vista, 75 kilometers northwest
of Santa Cruz, 500 meters elev., (Steinbach); [Ac.]. Santa Cruz, [B.].
PERU: [Br.]. Madre de Dios; Cuzco; Perene, May 24, September 3;
Charumazu, June, (Porter); [Ac.].
PARAGUAY: [Br.]. Villa Rica, January, February, October, November,
December, (Jorgensen); Sapucay, January, July, November 21, (Heinrich);
[Ac.]. Mubevo, December, (Jorgensen), [B.].
argentine: [Br.]. Cordoba, (Giacomelli), [B.].
brazil: [Br.]. [Am.]. Santa Catharina, (Pohl); Sao Paulo, January,
(Pohl); Chapada, MattoGrosso, January, February, April, December, (Smith);
Corumba, Matto Grosso, April, (Smith); [Ac.]. Hansa Humboldt, (Schmith);
Annaburg, (Schmith), Sao Paulo, (Pohl); Blumenau; [B.].
TRINIDAD: [Br.]. Port of Spain, July 12, (Forbes), [Ac.]. St. Anns, March,
(Huntington); Port of Spain, March, April, (Huntington); [B.].
MARGARITA ISLAND: February 20, (Fulda), [B.].
TOBAGO : [Br.].
R. C. WILLIAMS, JR. AND E. L. BELL
137
West Indies.
GRANADA : [Br.].
HT. VINCENT: [Br.].
ST, LUCIA: [Am.]. [Br.]. November 18, (Porter), [Ac.].
MARTINIQUE: [Am.]. St. Pierre, November 8, (Geddes), [Ac.].
DOMINICA: [Am.]. [Br.]. January 16, [Ac.]. Rosseau, April 11, (Huntinj^-
ton), [B.].
II. Atrytonopsis lunus Edwards
A figure of the male genitalia of this species was omitted from
the Skinner-Williams papers,^ on the Hesperiidae of North
America, for lack of material. Since then we have received this
species from Arizona as follows: Baboquivari Mountains, Pima
County, March 15 to 30th, (Poling); Oak Creek Canyon, Arizona,
July, (Snow); Santa Rita Mountains, July, and White Mountains,
July, (Poling); also from Santa Cruz, California, September 14th,
(Poling). The male genitalia of an individual from the White
Mountains, Arizona, arc figured herewith.
^Trails. Amer. Ent. Soc., l, p. 70, (1924).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
138
AMERICAN HESPERIIOAE (LEPIDOPTEBA)
III. Ptbgus communis Gbote (tbssellata Scudder)
Scudder described this insect as Hesperia tesseUata early in
1872* and a month later Grote’ described it as syrichtus com-
munis. It is unfortunate that Scudder’s name must fall, as it has
been so long in use for the species, but in 1866 Hewitson described
as Hesperia tessellata^’^ an entirely different insect from Macassar,
so preoccup 3 dng the name, and setting up communis as the specific
name of this common insect.
The type of communis is in the collection of the Academy of
Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, and that of tesseUata is in the
Museum of Comparative Zoology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
•Rept. Peabody Inst., 1871, p. 73.
' Can. Ent., iv, p. 69, (1872); with further remarks on page 220.
“ Trans. Ent. Soc. London, (3), ii, p. 494.
Explanation op Plate VIII
Fig. 1 .—Pyrgus syricttis. (.lenitalia of male.
Fig. 2 .—Pyrgrus syrictw. Costal portion of secondary wing, under side.
Fig. 3 .—Pyrgus orcus. Male genitalia of form 1.
Fig. 4 .—Pyrgus orcus. Male genitalia of form 2.
Fig. 5 .—Pyrgus orcus. Costal portion of secondary wing, under side.
SOME NEW SPECIES OF SYRPHIDAE (DIPTERA) FROM
NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA
BY F. M. HULL,
College Station, Texas
The material upon which the present paper is based was studied
through the kindness of Mr. E. T. Cresson Jr. of the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Types will be found in the
Academy collection. In this material several unique forms were
discovered.
S3rrphu8 (Epistrophe) flavosignatus new species. (P]. IX, fig. 9)
A sex-maculate species characterized especially by the shape of
the spots, parallel sides of the abdomen, and the long, thick,
black hair of the vertex and face.
Male .—Face broad, slightly swollen, tubercle conspicuous; front
and vertex, cheeks, margin of epistoma, and a large spot medianly
on the face, shining black. First and second joints of antennae
black; third missing. Thick, long, black hair on vertex and just
before antennae, the latter patch extending down and becoming
shorter on the sides of the face.
Thorax and pleurae shining black with thick, dark colored pile.
Scutellum lighter in color, shining brownish, subtranslucent, its
margin with black bristles.
Abdomen dark blackish, largely shining, its sides nearly
parallel with a very small spot on either side of the second
segment brownish yellow, and a larger, transverse spot on either
side of the third segment, the anterior margin of which is straight
and its posterior margin oval. The spots of third segment widely
separated. On the fourth segment a pair of similar spots faintly
indicated, black in color. Long, thick, pale pile on the abdomen
.basally, becoming shorter and black in color posteriorly.
Legs black, the narrow apices of anterior and middle femora
and the anterior and middle tibiae and tarsi save for a small black
spot in the middle of each of the four tibiae, very dark, brown.
Last four hind tarsi brown, almost black.
Wings hyaline; veins dark brown.
Length, 10 mm.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVl.
140
NEW AMERICAN SYRPHIDAE BIPTEBa)
Type. —Male; Capilano Canyon, Vancouver, British Columbia,
(R. J. Crew; March 31, 1902). [No. 6373.]
SyrpKus (Epistrophe) monachut new species. (PI. IX, fig. 10)
Distinguished by its wholly black abdomen, together with
shining black face with black pile.
Female .—Face and cheeks shining black, yellowish brown on
tubercle and to eye margins and to base of antennae, overlaid
with an exceedingly minute and rather sparse microscopic
pubescence; dark brown or black, fine scattered hairs on the
sides of the face and extending more towards the front just
below tubercle; face in length about as long as the width of third
antennal joint, unusually swollen and wide, tubercle very
prominent. Antennae entirely deep black, opaque with silvery
pubescence; arista black, short, thickened on basal two-thirds, the
tip white. First joints of antennae separated at base by nearly
the distance of third joints length. Front and vertex wide,
shining black, the former with hairs quite similar to those of face.
Occiput shining black, sparsely pubescent, with black hairs above
and dirty whitish hairs below. Eyes very short sparsely pilose.
Thorax, pleurae and sides of scutellum shining black, the middle
of latter dull opaque yellowish brown, with dense microscopic
whitish pubescence on the lighter area. Squamae pale brownish
yellow, with a fringe of long pale hairs. Halteres dark brown.
Pile of thorax rather long, dark brown or black.
Abdomen entirely shining black, with the exception of the
opaque anterior corners of the second segment; hind margin of
fourth, fifth, and sixth segments shining yellow; abdomen widest
at posterior border of third segment.
All the femora shining black with the apices yellowish brown;
tibiae brownish, lighter basally, hind tibiae, with a median brown
band, not sharply marked; tarsi black. Wings with a faint
brown tinge; stigma brownish yellow; veins brown.
Length, 9 mm.
Type. —Female; Greenland. [No. 6374.]
Baccha trUtis new species. (PI. IX, fig. 7)
This species resembles lugvbris Will. Differing in color of the
hind tarsi and of the pleurae.
Male .—Face shining black, covered with exceedingly thin
whitish pollen, giving it a grey appearance and becoming bluish
opposite antennae and on sides of the front. The middle of
front black, feebly shining, more polished just before the an-
F. M. HULL
141
tennae, which is also slightly roughened or rugose. Cheeks
shining black, bare. Face covered with fine sparse black hairs, in
length equal to two-thirds the width of the third joint of antennae,
the hairs becoming more abundant and longer on the front, equal
to the full width of third joint. Facial tubercle made rather
prominent by the retreating epistoma; concavity below antennae
quite shallow. Flattened area before antennae bare. First and
second joints of antennae dull black, the second barely longer
than the first; third joint and arista, opaque dark brown, the
latter short, thickened on the basal half. Pile of vertex black,
shorter than on front. Face seen from directly in front distinctly
narrower below. Occiput throughout gray pubescent, just above
the middle with small group of stiff, black hairs, below with
shorter, fine, white hairs.
Dorsum of thorax metallic steel blue, violaceous on the sides
and slightly aeneus before the scutellum; bronze colored im¬
mediately behind the humeri. Thorax clothed with numerous
fine black hairs and with longer similar hair on the pleurae.
Haltcres dark brown. Squamae with a fringe of short brown
hairs.
Abdomen shining, dully bluish to violaceous, opaque black as
follows: broadly in the middle of the second segment, a large bell¬
shaped spot in the middle of the third and fourth segments, each
with an apical anterior production, and three small rounded spots
transversely on the fifth segment. Dorsum of abdomen clothed
with fine, black, apprcssed hairs, the sides of the third segment
and the extreme rim of the second segment with white hair.
All the femora shining black, the narrow apices light brown.
Fore and mid tibiae brown, shining, the hind tibiae nearly
opaque black. Fore and mid tarsi and the hind tarsi except at
the tip dark brown. Hind basitarsi as long as entire mid tarsi,
its tip, and the second and third joints of clear yellow with the
bristles black and the hairs yellow; the last two joints dark brown.
Wings strongly smoky, growing lighter on the posterior half,
about two mm. longer than the tip of abdomen.
Length, 12 mm.
Type, —Male; Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico, (P. P. Calvert;
October 12, 1906, 4400 ft.). [No. 6375.]
Baccha nodosa new species. (PI. IX, fig. 8)
A dark colored, small species, with bronze or golden reflections
and the third and fourth abdominal segments bimaculate.
Male ,—Face shining black, with sparse, exceedingly minute
white pubescence extending very narrowly along the eyes the
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
142 NEW AMERICAN 8YRPHIDAE (DIPTERA)
entire length of front. Vertex shining violaceous, with a few
stiff black hairs as long as third joint of antennae. Upper part of
front and sides with similar, somewhat longer black hair. Upper
section of face with short white hairs. Tubercle prominent;
concavity shallow. First and second joints of antennae dark
brown, shining; third, light brown, opaque. Area before an¬
tennae, flattened, shining, rugose; occiput with whitish pube¬
scence and white hairs in the middle only. Cheeks shining dark
brown, lighter on the edge.
Thorax metallic blackish, with bronze or golden reflections on
the sides, humeri and mesopleurae. Scutellum metallic blackish
with a very few short white hairs. Squamae exceedingly short,
white, with long white hairs. Dorsum of thorax strongly sloping
forward.
First and second segments of abdomen, metallic with a golden
cast, the second with an opaque band in the middle, one-third as
wide as the segment is long, the third and fourth each with two
small, elongate, opaque black spots in the middle. Fifth segment
shining black, more golden on the anterior third. The second
segment is slightly narrower posteriorly; the third segment
posteriorly is about one and one half times as wide as anteriorly;
the width of the fourth segment posteriorly is about two and one
half times the width of the second segment posteriorly.
Femora shining brown, very slender, light yellowish brown
apically, on the hind and middle femora and on the apical two-
thirds of the front femora and base of hind pair. All the tibiae
brownish yellow, the apical half of the hind pair dark brown.
Tarsi brownish yellow. Wings tinged with light brown, the
subcostal cell yellow; an oval spot at the tip of the wing and a
small spot near the middle, dark brown.
Length, 7 mm.
Type, —Male; Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico, (Crawford). [No.
6376.]
Mesogramma vitrescens new species.
This species is nearest related to M. flavopleura Hall, recently
described, but is distinct and unique in the entirely unicolorous
abdomen. M, flavopleura has an abundant pattern indicated.
The present species probably represents one of the forms men¬
tioned by Williston in the Biologia Central-Americana.
Male ,—Face shining pale waxy yellow, a large oval shining
black spot occupying the middle of face from epistoma to
tubercle. Sides of face below and narrowly along the margins
F. M. HULL
143
of the eyes until opposite the antennae, with minute silvery
pubescence and shorter hairs of the same color. Front light
yellow, shining; vertex shining violaceous, from the posterior
ocelli to the point of meeting of the eyes, dark brown with an
aeneous tinge. Occiput aeneous above, becoming bluish to
greenish gray below and covered with whitish pollen with sparse,
short, white hairs, longer below. Hairs on vertex, sparse, black;
cheeks shining black.
Thorax subshining, with median stripe well indicated and on
either side a narrower black stripe, followed by a brown, a black,
and another brown stripe on either side. Scutellum aencus, on
the rim shining yellow; a few long hairs on the disk and on rim,
white. Pleurae shining greenish to bluish gray, a vertical yellow
spot in the middle, widest above, and just below it an oval,
horizontal spot. Halteres orange.
Abdomen and hypopygium exceedingly shiny, vitreus, black,
on the lateral margins of the fourth and fifth segments becoming
reddish. No markings indicated, except in some lights a very
narrow, shining, median line. All the femora shining black with
the narrow apices sharply light yellow; all the tibiae yellow, the
hind tibiae for the greater part of its length in the middle, black,
and the fore and middle tibiae briefly in the middle, brown. All
the tarsi dark brown, the basal joints of middle tarsi yellow.
Wings tinged uniformly grayish brown; veins dark brown.
Length, 7 mm.
Type, —Male; Aracataca, Magdalena, Colombia, (J. A. G.‘
Rehn; August 3, 1920). [No. 6377.]
Meromacrus fucatua new species.
This species is related to abdominalis Sack and aemulics Will.,
members of the group with median thoracic lines of yellow pile.
From both these it differs in the separation of the post-humeral
and cross-sutural stripes. In aemvlus these are broadly joined
and the corners at the jointure of these stripes are rounded in
aemulus and fucatus.
Female ,—Face with a wide stripe on either side, joined below
antennae and continuing very narrowly along the eyes to opposite
Ikteral ocelli, very pale yellow pubescent; the upper part of facial
stripe with short pile of the same color, growing still shorter on
the front. Remainder of upper part of front opaque brownish,
with a short, median, dash-hke streak, yellow pubescent when
viewed at the proper angle; front, before the antennae, and a
wide, median stripe on face and tubercle shining black, bare.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
144
NEW AMERICAN SYRPHIDAE (dIPTERA)
Borders of epistoma and inside of mouth yellowish brown. All
three joints of antennae dark brownish black; arista light orange
brown. Occiput clothed with short, thick, yellow pile above,
growing paler and more sparse below.
Ground color of thoracic dorsum black, feebly shining in places.
There are several longitudinal stripes faintly indicated Sternating
black ground color with brown pollen. A yellowish brown
poUinose area on either side at base of wing, extending narrowly
onto post alar calli and conspicuous yellow pilose markings as
follows: a posterior stripe narrowly extending onto post alar calli
and sending forward a narrow median stripe the entire length of
thorax, a wider diagonal stripe behind the humeri to base of wing,
and a narrower stripe not connected with the post humeri
stripe along the anterior edge of the suture and discontinued some
distance from the median dorsal thoracic stripe. The corners of
the posterior stripe are rounder where the median stripe is sent
forward. A median vertical stripe on the pleurae of the same
pile, and on the pleurae some pale yellow microscopic pubescence.
Whole dorsum overlaid, from the lateral aspect, with short, thick,
yellow hairs.
Abdomen entirely brownish black, feebly shining, the first
segment with conspicuous yellow pile, the remainder lacking such
pile and overlaid with exceedingly short, appressed, thick,
microscopic, black hairs. The lateral margins of the third,
fourth, and the sides of the fifth segment with short yellow hair.
A row of short, yellow, appressed hairs on the posterior margin of
the second segment from the lateral corner one fourth of the
distance to median line.
All the femora dark brown, lighter on the apical half of the
posterior and middle pairs and on the narrow apices of the first
pair. Anterior tibiae dark brown. Remaining tibiae light
brown. Tarsi varying from light to dark brown, the anterior
pair almost black. Wings hyaline with a brown fore border,
becoming yellowish on the basal half.
Length, 11.5 mm.
Tt/pe.—-Female; Paramaribo, Dutch Guiana, (K. Mayo). [No.
6382.]
SENOCERIA new genus.
This genus is erected for the following undescribed species
agreeing with those of Tatuomyia Shannon and Ceriogaster
Williston, in the constricted abdomen, differing from the former in
the pubescent metasternum, anterior femoral ornament, non-
P. M. HULL
145
bidentate hind tibiae, etc., and from Ceriogaster in the straight
face, abdomen broadest on the third segment and the discal cross
vein joining the discal cell beyond the middle. The thoracic
vestiture is not described for Tatuomyia, The present form
would seem to take a place with Eumyiolepta Shannon, and
Nausigaster Will., and others, in part distinguished by a bizarre
type of body pelage, etc.
Dull black species of considerable size with abdomen con¬
stricted in the middle of second segment. Face with a median,
rounded, ridge; in profile, nearly straight. Front, broad, very
flat, tot^ly obscured by appressed pile. Thorax strongly short
spiculate. Scutellum simple. Hind femora rather sharply
enlarged in the middle, spinosc beneath posteriorly, and anteriorly
with a transverse claw-like group of four stout spines. Hind
tibiae ending in a very prominent, sharp, single spur on inner
lower corner. Metasternum quite pubescent. Margin of wing
dark. Hind trochanter with short blunt spurs.
Genotype. — Senoceria spinifemorata new species.
Senoceria spinifemorata new species. (PI. IX, figs. 2, 5 and 6)
A black species distinguished by its constricted abdomen, dull
coloration and dark bordered wing.
Male, —Face very strongly carinate, with cheeks shining black,
the latter tending to reddish, the former with a strip of sub-
appressed, very dense, short pile with a golden tinge, reaching
from eye margin where it joins a marginal strip of similar pile, to
epistoma. Antennae situated below middle of head in profile.
First joint of antennae very short, shining dark brown; second
twice as long as first, similarly colored and with short golden
tinged pile; third joint twice as long as wide, smallest apically,
brownish black; arista long and slender, light brown. Front
very flat, entirely covered with a mat of dense, flattened pile,
the color of new brass. Vertex opaque black, silvery pubescent
anteriorly to the ocelli. Occiput with some short pale hair
below and a few stiff, black, spinous hairs above.
Thorax dull black, faintly shining, with a double stripe of
’ minute yellow pubescence medianly, beginning at the front and
running a little beyond suture and resembling a double pronged
fork, and, with an additional such stripe on either side beginning
behind the suture and running nearly to the posterior matgin and
resembling a slender wedge. They can only be seen at an angle
from the rear. The patch on the suture and a spot on the inside
of the humeri are thus similarly marked. In addition the thorax
is covered with short appressed, yellow hair, and in places with
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
146
NEW AMEBICAN SYEPHIDAE (DIPTERa)
black stubble or spinous hairs. There is a stripe behind the
suture and a spot inside and to the rear of the humerus consisting
of stubble and appearing velvet black above. Scutellum black,
subshining, metallic on the rim, with some black stubble on the
disk as well as a few hairs and with a very thick border of short
yellow hair on the rim and directed downwards.
Abdomen black, subshining, widest on third segment, with a
few yellow hairs and many appressed black, bristly hairs on the
second and third segments and thick, short, yellow hair on the
fourth segment.
Hind femora stout, especially thickened dorsally, with nine to
twelve very strong spines below; all the femora black, subshining.
Tibiae and tarsi dark brown, hind tibiae with a spur apically, not
scoop-like. Basal hind tarsus with a tuft of yellow hair basally.
Hind trochanters with a short spur. Wings villose with a
greenish brown tinge, dark brown on entire anterior half. Length
12 mm.
Type. —Male: Brazil, (H. B. Merill). [No. 6383.] Paraiype .—
6 ; same locality [in my collection].
CACOMYIA new genns.
Medium sized, dull colored flies with constricted abdomen, its
greatest constriction on the second segment anteriorly and the
greatest enlargement on the fourth segment. Antennae long and
slender with dorsal arista. Hind femora very much thickened,
unusually slender basally, spindle-shaped. Hind tibiae ending
in a sharp spur. Metasternum pilose, wings villose, with dark
anterior border. Head elliptical; face broad, projecting a little
downwards with a small tubercle in the middle in profile. Pile
restricted more or less to two peculiar vertical facial bands. Pile
of thorax simple. Scutellum simple.
Genotype. —Cacomyia cressoni new species.
This genus should probably be regarded as an aberrant member
of the Xylotini rather than among the Temnostomini. The
antennae and face imdoubtedly are reminiscent of Temnostoma
and Sphecomyia. On the other hand the heavily swollen hind
femora, lack of bright contrasted markings, pollinose vestiture,
etc., seem to ally it to the tropical Xylotini. The constricted
abdomen has arisen too frequently among Syrphid types to be
considered an indication of position.
F. M. HULL
147
Cacomyia cressoni new species. (PI. IX, figs. 1, 3, 4)
Characterized by its two narrow thoracic vittae; vertical,
pilose, facial stripes; light brownish coloration, and a small
yellowish spot at the base of the second abdominal segment.
Female .—Face and cheeks shining, the latter brown, the former
brownish yellow below tubercle to epistoma, becoming then brown
and black above; covered with exceedingly microscopic pubes¬
cence, rather dense, and with a conspicuous band of pile, of short
dense silvery hairs, preceding from face margin opposite or just
below antennae downwards to epistoma. Tubercle prominent,
almost no concavity above. Eye margin along face prominent,
silvery pubescent with an interrupted bare spot in the middle,
which together with a pilose rounded marginal spot on the eye
margins opposite the front, gives the face in some lights the
appearance of having four silvery spots. Front and vertex
shining black, the former opaque in the middle; a few short black
hairs on the upper part of front and on vertex. Posterior ocelli
slightly closer to one another than to anterior ocellus. No
occipital margin except narrowly above; occiput grayish or
whitish pubescent. First joint of antennae slender, brownish
yellow, darker just at tip, with black, appressed hairs or bristles,
the joint about as long as width of front above antennae. Second
joint half as long as first, a little wider apically, similarly colored,
pilose. Third dark brown, broken off just beyond arista.
Arista broken off at base. There is a row of short, epistomal-
marginal pile.
Thorax black, subshining, covered with thick, appressed, short,
yellow hair, and with two longitudinal stripes running the entire
length, of peculiar, dense, retrorse, appressed hairs having a
golden tinge, especially noticeable in some lights. A short strip
of similar pile upon the inner margin of the humeri, crescentic,
and another upon the dorsal thoracic suture. Scutellum small,
shining brown on the disc, with a yellowish rim of short upright
golden pile.
Abdomen shining dark brown with a bluish black luster, in
shape rather slender, its greatest constriction being on the
anterior part of the second segment and its greatest width on the
fourth segment. On the anterior part of the second segment and
continuing on the first basally, is a translucent, yellowish spot
taking the shape of a double acute triangle, whose acute angles
point posteriorly, and whose bases join at the top. A yellow
median spot is present on the anterior part of the first segment.
All the femora shining light brown, all but the anterior pair
yellowdsh basally, the hind pair noticeably and all three pairs
yellowish apically. Hind coxae very large; hind femora ex-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVl.
148
NEW AMERICAN STRPHIDAE (dIPTERA)
cessively and regularly swollen in the middle, very small at the
base, thus imparting a pinched out effect. Remainder of legs
light shining brown; hind tibiae with a strong scoop apically.
Wings very glossy and clear. The fore border narrowly brownish;
subcostal cell clear.
Length including antennae, 12 mm.
Type. —Female; “Mexico.” [No. 6384.]
I take pleasure in naming this peculiar fly for Mr. E. T.
Cresson Jr.
Volucella chloroM new species.
Distinguished among VolticeUa s. str. by its small size and pale
green, non-metallic coloration.
Female .—All of the head shining and polished, bright green,
non-metallic, a narrow brown stripe from eye to epistoma, the
lower edge of cheeks and lower occiput pale, cream-colored. A
faint median stripe light brown and the area just surrounding the
ocelli darker brown. There is a semicircular black spot on the
border of the eye in the middle of the front and an indistinct spot
on the front just before the antennae. Antennae and prominence
above, narrowly, pale, brownish yellow. Arista pale, loosely
plumose. Eyes densely short pubescent; middle and upper
occiput with microscopic whitish pubescence.
Thorax, pleurae and scutellum non-metallic shining green, the
disk of former with several obscure, more or less fused stripes of
dark brown and with a yellow lateral stripe from humeri to base
of scutellum, interrupted at the suture. Pile of thorax and
scutellum, appressed, short, light yellow. Bristles on the sides
and on scutellum, slender and black. There is no preapical
depression and there are no lateral rugosae. There is however,
a narrow, depressed, marginal rim running the entire marginal
length of the scutellum. Halteres pale, cream-colored.
Abdomen pale green, subtranslucent, all the lateral margins
beyond the second segment and the anterior and posterior
margins of second segment to fourth se^ent narrowly shining
black. Legs more or less uniformly shining brownish lighter on
the apices of the femora, with the anterior fore tarsi nearly black.
Wings subhyaline, villose, faintly brownish with the veins
infuscated.
Length, 7 mm.
Type. —Female; “Mexico.” [No. 6385.) Paratype. —female;
same locality.
NEW SPECIES OF EREBIA
(LEPIDOPTERA: SATYRIDAE)
BY W. J. HOLLAND
Carnegie Museum^ Pittsburgh^ Pennsylvania
A recent revisional study of the American species of the genus
Erebia has led me to the conclusion that there are at least two
species in our fauna which have not hitherto been described.
Erebm fasciata was originally described by Butler in his Cata¬
logue of the Satyridffi of the British Museum published in 1868.
His brief Latin diagnosis was founded upon nine specimens, the
locality of which he gives as ‘‘Arctic America.'' Elwes^ indicates
that Butler’s specimens were taken at Winter Cove, Cambridge
Bay, on the voyage of Collinson. He further states: “This, so far
as 1 know, has never been taken except at Winter Cove, in Cam¬
bridge Bay, Victoria Land, about 69° N., 107° W., by Capt.
Collinson's expedition, and by Sir John Richardson's expedition
on the Arctic coast in 67-68° N. These specimens are all in the
British Museum, except one pair, which I received in exchange
from this source.”^
The first published figure of the species is that given by Butler*
which shows the under side only of what presumably must be
accepted as the typical female of E. fasciata Butler. I have two
of the original nine specimens, upon which Butler founded his
description of the species. They were presented to Mr. W. H.
Edwards by the Trustees of the British Museum at the instance of
Dr. Butler, to be described and figured by Edwards in the third
volume of the Butterflies of North America. Butler, the author
of the species, sent them to Edwards as typical fasciata. The
male is wholly black on the upper side without any trace of rufous.
The female is somewhat broadly marked on the primaries and
faintly on the secondaries by suffused rufous, recalling, as Butler
^ Trans. Ent. Soc., London, xlvi, p 183.
* Elwes^ Bpecimens appear to have been a pair from the Richardson catch.
* Cat. Satyrid. Br. Mus., Plate 2, fig. 8, (1868).
T&ANS. A^. ENT. SOC., LVI.
150 NEW AMERICAN EREBIA (lEPIDOPTERA : SATYRIDAE)
points out in his original description, the coloration of E, discoi-
dalis Kirby, with which, however, the species has nothing what¬
ever to do.
Chapman has pointed out that genitalically E, fasciata is
closely related to magdalena Strecker of Colorado and erinna
Staudinger.^ Judged by form and markings these three species,
which Chapman for genitalic reasons is inclined to regard as one
and the same, are totally different; and it is hard, in spite of what
Chapman has written, to agree with his conclusion. Ermna Stgr.
is allied to E, glacialu Esper.
E, fasciata evidently presents itself in two forms in the male
sex. I am informed by Dr. J. McDunnough of Ottawa that they
have eighteen specimens in their collection labeled as fasciata^ six
males of which are uniformly black on the upper surface like
magdalena, thus agreeing in this sex with the type specimen sent
to Edwards by Butler. The other specimens of the male show
some rufous as delineated by Gibson.^ Butler’s Latin diagnosis
apparently was based upon the nine specimens before him with an
eye to the females, without discriminating the difference which
existed in the color of the nine specimens which he collectively
accepted as the types. The figures of fasciata given by Elwes®
are not strictly typical, showing broad rufous bands on the under
side of the primaries. It is evident, as the result of careful investi¬
gation, that the specific name E, fasciata has been applied in a
broad and rather loose way to a number of allied forms from the
arctic regions of Siberia and America, and that at all events there
is considerable varietal difference. In fact it appears that owing
to the paucity of material at present in collections there has been
a mingling under the specific nsime fasciata of several forms, which
may ultimately prove to be valid subspecies, if not species. Ed¬
wards in bis account of E, fasciata!^ mentions that he has another
specimen taken by E. W. Nelson at Kotzebue Sound Mn his hat,”’
and states that this specimen differs from typical fasciata, men¬
tioning the presence of a ‘‘dull ferruginous band” both on the
primaries and secondaries on the upper side. This specimen is
also in my possession, and is before me as I write. It is a female,
* Iris, VII, pp. 247 and 376.
* Can. Arctic Expedition, 1913-18, ni, PL 4, fig. 8.
* Trans. Ent. Soc. London, li, 1901, PL 9, figs. 11 and 12.
’ Butt. No. Am., III.
W. J. HOLLAND
151
and like all specimens taken in the way described by its captor,
not in very fine condition. The fore wings are well preserved, but
the hind wings are torn, fortunately not both in the same way, so
that what one lacks the other supplies. It is therefore quite easy
to make out the characteristic features of both the upper and
lower sides of the wings.
My learned colleague. Dr. Avinoff, quite recently has called my
attention to the fact that some years ago he presented to the
Carnegie Museum a male and two female specimens, collected by
Mr. August J. Kusche in Eastern Siberia at Indian Cape (latterly
designated on maps as Cape Tsukotski) on Behring’s Strait, which
are undoubtedly the same insect as the specimen taken by Nelson
We at once looked up the matter, and after a critical study of the
three specimens obtained from Kusche and the one taken by Nel¬
son I am fully persuaded not only of the specific identity of the
four, but also of the fact that they are not the same as E. fasciata
Butler, but represent an hitherto unnamed species. To this 1
apply the name of my friend and fellow student, the learned Direc¬
tor of the Carnegie Museum.
Erebia avinoffi sp. nov.
cf.—Differing on the upper side from typical E. fasciata Butler,
typical males of which on the upper side are black immaculate^’
and in this respect ^resembling E. magdalena^ as Edwards cor¬
rectly states. On the upper side the ground-color is not black
but moderately dark brown, and both wings are traversed on their
limbal area by a n datively broad and rather sharply defined sub¬
marginal band of pale rufous, less conspicuous on the secondaries
than on the primaries. On the fore wing the band extends from
the fifth subcostal nervule to the inner vein, not therefore reaching
the costa nor the lower margin of the wing. It is quite uniform
in width sharply defined externally and internally, and occupies
about one-fifth of the longitudinal diameter of the wing. It is
continuous, not broken up into separate spots, the only divisions
which appear being due to the slightly darker color of the veins,
which intersect it. The corresponding band on the hind wing is
not quite as well defined as that on the fore wing, the margins
being more diffuse, the color not as bright, and it tends toward the
anal angle to become broken into spots: in its course it is regularly
curved, parallel to the outer margin of the wing, but tending to
diminish in width as it approaches the anal angle. On the under
side the basal area is gray, this tract having a slightly bilobate
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
152 NEW AMERICAN EBEBIA (lEPIDOPTEBA : SATYBIDAB)
appearance resulting from the intrusion into it of a tooth-like inner
projection from the dark mesial band, which succeeds it, this being
especially true of the hind wing. The mesial band which follows
the gray basal area in the fore wing of the solitary male before me
is reddish brown, defined inwardly and outwardly by black lines,
but on the fore wing does not reach the costa nor the inner margin.
On the hind wing the mesial band is much darker than on the fore
wing, rich brown sharply defined both inwardly and outwardly by
deep black lines slightly toothed at the veins externally and more
so internally. This dark mesial band is succeeded outwardly by
a paler band parallel to it, corresponding in location to the rufous
macular band on the upper side of the wing. In the fore wing of
the male before me this light band has a distinctly reddish cast, on
the hind wing it is pale stone-gray. On the hind wing just below
the costa and also opposite the end of the cell there is a small pure
white spot, corresponding in color and location to the similar
spots which are found in E. disa and its allies. This light band
both on the primaries and secondaries is rather sharply constricted
just below the costa, where it widens suddenly outwardly, giving
it a sharp tooth-Uke external projection on the costa. Outwardly
on both wings it is sharply defined or set off from the marginal area
by deep black lines. The outer marginal area on both wings is
vinaceous gray, and the marginal area, because of the relatively
narrower width of the light submarginal band, which is not as
wide as in E. fasciata, is broader than in the latter species.
$.—The three females before me agree quite closely in their
markings, and do not differ materially from the male, except that
on the under side the light macular band on the fore wing of this
sex shows no trace of the red which is found in the male specimen
I have described, and all are pale stramineous, with the lighter
areas brighter than in the male, and the bands more sharply de¬
fined by the dark bordering lines.
The bodies of the insects are black, as are the palpi, and the
antennse, and there is nothing, so far as these parts are concerned,
which calls for comment.
Expanse: c?, 40 mm.; 9,50 mm.
Holotype .— 9; Collected at Kotzebue Sound, Alaska, by E. W.
Nelson, 1881. Allotype. —cf; Collected at Indian Point, Eastern
Siberia, by August J. Kusche, July 7, 1913. Paraiypes .—Two
9 ; Collected by A. J. Kusche, with allotype.
The species will be figured in the forthcoming new edition of
The Butterfly Book.
W. J. HOLLAND
153
Erebia steckeri sp. nov.
d ,—Both wings on the upper side uniformly brownish fuscous.
Externally below the apex a submarginal series of four subcircular
red spots centered with black minutely pupilled with white, and
located on the interspaces between the upper radial and the sec¬
ond median nervule. The two upper spots often coalesce; the
two lower spots are usually separate and distinct. The fringes are
checkered with white. On the lower side the fore wings are a
shade darker than on the upper side, blackish brown, the submar¬
ginal ocelli as on the upper side, but often less clearly defined.
The hind wing has the basal area iron-gray; the mesial band jet-
black, sharply defined outwardly and inwardly; at the costa and
opposite the end of the cell external to the band are two small
white spots corresponding to those found in E. disa. The extra
mesial band is iron-gray like the color of the basal area, defined
outwardly by a narrow curved black line running from the costa
to the inner margin near the anal angle. The marginal area ex¬
ternal to this line is of the same color as the post-mesial band,
which it succeeds, but a shade darker.
9 .—This sex does not differ markedly in the style of macula-
tion from the male, except that the ground-color is a shade paler
on the upper side, and the markings on the under side are brighter
and somewhat more strongly accentuated. Expanse: c?, 35 to
42 mm,; 9,38 to 45 mm.
Described from an extensive series of specimens collected on the
Kuskokwim River in Alaska by the Rev. A. Stecker, long in
charge of the Moravian Mission, in whose honor I name the
species.
Male holotype, female allotype, and male and female paratypes
will appear on PI. LXI of the new edition of The Butterfly Book.
Paratypes: sixty to seventy specimens from the same locality
and season.
As might be expected in such a large assemblage of specimens
individual variation is detected. I have a dwarf male and several
aberrant individuals, one of which, a male, has the mesial band on
* the lower side of the hind wing very narrow and interrupted at the
end of the cell. Such freaks are worthy of note, but not of de¬
scription, much less of being named.
TRANS. AM. ENT. 80C., LVI.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF
NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE WITH
DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW
SPECIES*
(HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE)
BY THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
Contents
Introduction
p. 155
Key to Species
p. 158
Descriptions and Records
p 176
Index
p. 303
Introduction
A revision of the genus Megachile as it occurs in North
America has been in course of preparation by the vmter for some
time, and it became necessary for a better understanding of the
affinities of the various groups of species to make at least a brief
survey of the genus as it occurs in the Palaearctic and Neotropical
regions. A considerable amount of material from South and
Central America was therefore loaned to me by the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia [A. N. S. P.], this being largely
the collection of hir. H. H. Smith, made in the State of Matto
Grosso, Brazil, with scattered specimens from other localities.
A somewhat smaller collection was sent to me for determination
by Dr. Reinholdt Meyer [Meyer], of Darmstadt, and some ad¬
ditional material was also loaned by the Museum of Comparative
Zoology of Harvard University [M. C. Z.]. A most valuable
collection from the viewpoint of definite locality, date and flower
records was received from Dr. George Salt [Salt], made in
Colombia, and a collection from Dr. E. G. Titus [U. S. N. M.],
composed largely of North Amencan species, contained a few
neotropical forms, including four which are described here. Dr.
• Contribution from the Department of Zoology and Entomology, North
Carolina State College, published with the approval of the Director of the
North Carolina Experiment Station as paper No. 42 of the Journal Series.
156 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Meyer^s collection was in large part from Bolivia and Paraguay,
while that received from the Museum of Comparative Zoology
contained specimens from Argentina, Peru, Chile, and other
scattered localities.
This paper does not represent, therefore, the results of a
thorough study of all of the available material, as there are many
other sources from which additional material can probably be
obtained. It has seemed advisable to limit the present paper to
a preliminary survey of the Neotropical species, delaying the more
complete study of the genus in this region which I hope to make
until after the revision of the North American species has been
completed. The number of forms occurring in the tropics is
extremely large, with a relatively small proportion of them
described at the present time, and a complete survey of the South
and Central American species will require much additional study.
Moreover, the diflSculties encountered in a study of the species of
this region are by no means inconsiderable. Types are located in
widely scattered parts of Europe, South America and North
America, and examination of type material therefore is very
limited to one of limited travel resources; and descriptions are
often inadequate, many of them being largely confined to color
and color patterns of pubescence, mention of structural characters
being limited to the more conspicuous peculiarities of certain
forms, and these same characters being again ignored in other
species. Color, I believe, is very unreliable, especially in tropical
regions, and while it should be by no means ignored, it would
seem more logical to place the emphasis upon structural char¬
acters, especially since these give a better idea of the aflSnities of
the various recognizable groups of species.
In this paper, therefore, an attempt has been made to place
more emphasis upon those structural characters that have been
found especially valuable in the determination of group affinities.
In the key the major subdivisions have been made on these
differences of structure, and color has been used only as a last
resort. In fact, where structural differences are lacking, espe¬
cially in the male, only a very marked and apparently constant
color difference would warrant any distinction other than as color
variation. In the females, however, it is possible that many of
the species will not be distinguishable other than by relatively
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
157
minute differences of either color or structure. There are certain
species, for instance, the females of which are practically impos¬
sible to separate, whereas the corresponding males are easily
identified. We cannot be certain, therefore, concerning the
validity of many of the species described, especially of the female,
until the other sex has been recognized and described. A species
described from but one sex is in reality only half described, and in
this group of insects, exhibiting such extreme sexual dimorphism,
these partial descriptions seem to be inevitable.
A brief perusal of that portion of this paper designated as
''Descriptions and Records'' will reveal a considerable number of
new species and consequently the addition of many more names
to the list of species. In view of the difficulties in the way of
correct determination of species and the inaccessibility of types,
it might well be asked just how certain the author is that these
have not already been described and these names therefore
merely amount to an addition to synonymy. This possibility
must of course be admitted, and is more or less taken for granted
in all cases where comparison with the type has not been made.
However, with the large majority of these apparently new forms,
all the described species have been eliminated by their failing to
agree with those herein described. The greatest element of
chance lies in the fact that so many of the descriptions have em¬
phasized color to the practical elimination of structural characters,
and consequently ^'Ome of these new species may later prove to be
merely color variations of previously described species. Where
such is the case, however, the knowledge of that particular species
will at least be more adequate, and that fact atones to some degree
at least for the addition to synonymy, in the writer's opinion.
The previously described species which have been recorded
here, and included in the key, have been in part determined by
the author and in part by other workers. Where the determi¬
nation was made by someone other than myself, this is so indi¬
cated in the record, and those few species which have been
compared with the types, and are therefore more reliably identi¬
fied, are so indicated. All of those species which I have identified
agree well enough with the descriptions, but the possibility of
misidentification must be admitted.
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
158 NEOTROPICAL MEOACHILB (hTMENOFTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
No attempt to designate the groups within the genus, either as
subgenera or new genera, has been made in this present paper.
The knowledge of the genus in this region is too inadequate at
the present time to warrant any subdivision into smaller groups,
and while it may ultimately prove advisable to recognize sub-
genera, and possibly new genera in some cases, this cannot be
done intelligently until the species have been more fully described
and the sexes correlated to some extent at least. Moreover, the
writer is inclined to agree with Needham* in believing that
multiplication of genera leads to confusion. Subgenera are
convenient to the taxonomist in designating natural groups of
species, but these same names elevated to the rank of genus would
result in the loss of the original genus as a concept, especially in
this instance where none of the species of the genus s. str. occur
in the region. A large genus is not in itself desirable, but is
preferable (in the writer’s opinion) to many smaller groups of
generic rank, and new genera should not be erected except where
the group limits are reasonably sharply defined, and then only
after a thorough survey of the larger group.
Key to the Neotropical Species op Mbgachilb
Antennae 13-jointed; sternites five to six
entirely retracted, the exposed sternites
relatively bare of pubescence. Males
Antennae l^jointed; six sternites exposed,
these with a dense brush of setae which
function in transporting pollen.; Females (p. 166)
Males
1. Mandibles with a definite projection or tooth on the inferior
margin.2
Mandibles entirely lacking an inferior projection.40
2. Only three abdominal sternites exposed..3
With four abdominal sternites exposed.4
3. Joints one to three of front tarsi broadly dilated, each one
fully as wide as it is long. otomita Cress, (p. 176)
Front metatarsus much longer than wide
cartagenensis n. sp. (p. 176)
* Science, lxxi. No. 1828, p. 26, (1930).
THEODORE BERTIB MITCHELL
159
4. Front metatarsi dilated, usually pale in color.5
Front metatarsi not at all dilated, usually dark.29
5. Mid tibia with the usual apical spur.6
Mid tibia lacking an apical spur.12
6. Abdomen entirely ferruginous.. .ferruginosa n. sp. (p. 183)
Abdomen black in large part.7
7. Mid femur with an acute median tooth on the ventral
margin. dentipes Vach. (p. 182)
Mid femur not toothed.8
8. Abdominal segments definitely fasciate.9
Abdomen lacMng definite fasciae.11
9. Front metatarsi with extremely long anterior hair-fringes
hiiarimorpha Str. (p. 184)
Front metatarsi without long anterior hair-fringes.10
10. Front metatarsal scale much produced apically; hind legs
black. obdurata n. sp. (p. 180)
Front metatarsal scale only slightly produced apically; legs
entirely ferruginous. imperator n. sp. (p. 185)
11. Lower angle of cheek bare, with a conspicuous acute
triangular projection. cruziana n. sp. (p. 181)
Lower angle of cheek densely white pubescent, without a
conspicuous projection.. coelioxiformis Schrott. (p. 282)
12. Mid metatarsi fully as long as the mid tibiae
vernoniae Schrott. (p. 187)
Mid metatarsi shorter than the mid tibiae.13
13. Abdomen entirely ferruginous. pulchra Sm. (p. 191)
Abdomen largely dark.14
14. Front metatarsal scale produced apically fully to the tip of
the second tarsal joint.15
Front metatarsal scale not conspicuously produced apically
16
15. Segments five and six largely pale pubescent, with but a few
erect black hairs on segment six; segment five pale
fasciate. prietana n. sp. (p. 191)
Segments five and six largely black pubescent, with but a
slight amount of appressed greyish tomentum; segment
five not fasciate. curvipes Sm. (p. 192)
16. Mandibles with an acute angle on the inferior margin,
midway between the apical tooth and the apex of the
inferior projection (see furcata, PI. X)...17
Inferior margin of mandibles lacking a definite acute angle
20
TEAKS. AH. EKT. SOC., LYL
160 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTEBA'; MEOACHILIDAE)
17. Front metatarsi very broadly dilated, width at apex being
about equal to the length of the joint
furcata Vach. (p. 192)
Front metatarsi much longer than they are broad at apex. 18
18. Front metatarsi distinctly broader apically than at base. 19
Front metatarsi not at all broadened apically
ehapadiana Mitch, (p. 193)
19. Dorsal surface of segment six densely covered with pale
yellow tomentum, entirely hiding the punctures
inscita n. sp. (p. 196)
Segment six but thinly pubescent above, the punctures
clearly visible. agrestis n. sp. (p. 197)
20. Front femora strongly keeled beneath apically, and with
the margin of the posterior face opposite the keel very
sharply and strongly carinate.21
Upper margin of posterior face of front femora not carinate
26
21. Segments four to six entirely black pubescent except for the
apical white fasciae on segments four and five
polUnosa Spin. (p. 199)
Discs of segments four to six with at least some pale pubes¬
cence .22
22. Front metatarsi definitely broader at apex than at base. 23
Front metatarsi parallel-sided, not broadened apically; seg¬
ments five and six with only a few black hairs, if any.. 25
23. Segments five and six of abdomen with pubescence entirely
pale. velhoensis n. sp. (p. 199)
Segments five and six with much conspicuous black pubes¬
cence .24
24. Legs, antennae and tcgulae entirely ferruginous
arabilis n. sp. (p. 201)
Middle and hind legs fuscous. perita n. sp. (p. 202)
25. Inferior margin of mandible with a definite, though not
acute, median angle; segment five with conspicuous
erect black pubescence- ehapadiana Mitch, (p. 193)
Inferior margin of mandible without a definite median
angle; pubescence of segment five entirely pale fulvous
gomphrenae Holmbg. (p. 203)
26. Slender species; front metatarsi but slightly dilated, parallel¬
sided, not appreciably broader apically
manaosenm n. sp. (p. 203)
Robust species; front metatarsi considerably broadened
apically.27
THEODOKB BERTIS MITCHELL
161
27. Legs and tegulae entirely ferruginous; pubescence of
mesonotum dense and yellow; larger (12 mm.)
infinita n. sp. (p. 204)
At least the hind femora and tibiae dark; pubescence of
mesonotum thin and greyish; smaller (10 mm. or less)
28
28. Outer margin of mandibles quite evenly rounded
hernardina Schrott. (p. 205)
Outer margin of mandibles conspicuously angulate
Candida Sm. (p. 206)
29. Carina of segment six obtusely triangular in outline, entire
medially. flavihirsuta n. sp. (p. 225)
Carina emarginate medially, at least to a slight degree. . 30
30. Carina composed of from six to eight spine-like denticula-
tions. brasiliensis D. T. (p. 237)
Carina not denticulate, merely emarginate medially. . . .31
31. Pubescence of legs, vertex, mesonotum, pleura and abdomen
dorsally, black. colombiana n. sp. (p. 227)
Pubescence in large part pale, or with conspicuous abdomi¬
nal fasciae.32
32. Segment six without pale appressed tomentum, the erect
hairs black and sparse. continua n. sp. (p. 239)
Segment six with considerable pale appressed tomentum.33
33. Segment five without an appreciable amount of pale
tomentum except near the base.34
Segment five largely covered with pale appressed tomentum
37
34. Legs and tegulae entirely ferruginous, prwdens n. sp. (p. 238)
At least the legs dark.35
35. Head and thorax with considerable black pubescence... 36
Head and thorax with pubescence entirely pale
digna n. sp. (p. 240)
36. Abdomen with narrow white apical fasciae which are broadly
interrupted medially. angusta n. sp. (p. 241)
Abdomen with conspicuous entire yellow fasciae
anthidioides Rad. (p. 238)
37. Anterior face of front coxae entirely bare and polished
aetheria n. sp. (p. 229)
Anterior face of front coxae at least thinly pubescent... 38
38. Pubescence of face entirely whitish, with no black hairs
evident; segment five grey tomentose, with numerous
erect black hairs. beniensis Ckll. (p. 229)
Face with a few intermixed black hairs at sides; segment
five with appressed yellowish tomentum, the erect hairs
also largely or entirely pale.39
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
162 NEOTROPICAL MBGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
39. Pubescence of pleura above blackish. squalens Hal. (p. 240)
Pubescence of pleura entirely whitish
paraxanthura Ckll. (p. 241)
40. Only three ventral abdominal plates exposed.41
Four abdominal stemites at least partially exposed.42
41. Segments four and five entirely covered with pale fulvous
tomentum; legs red. abacula Cress, (p. 177)
Disc of segment four largely bare; legs black
gv^anensis Ckll. (p. 177)
42. Front tarsi more or less dilated, usually pale in color_43
Front tarsi simple, usually black.63
43. Mandibles modified, the outer face deeply concave
concava n. sp. (p. 242)
Mandibles not so modified.44
44. Abdomen entirely ferruginous. aurea n. sp. (p. 244)
Abdomen black.45
45. Front metatarsi broadly dilated, exceeding the tibiae in
vndth. jucunda n. sp. (p. 245)
Front metatarsi at most no wider than the tibiae.46
46. Lower angle of cheek with a conspicuous, robust, acute
projection. aequalis n. sp. (p. 246)
Lower angle of cheek not produced.47
47. Segments one and two not fasciate, with mostly dark^ubes-
cence. blanda n. sp. (p. 247)
Segments one and two either with, conspicuous apical fasciae,
or largely covered with dense yellowish tomentum.. 48
48. At least se^ents three and four largely covered with dense
yellowish tomentum.60
Abdominal segments with pale apical fasciae, the discs
either with thin pubescence or with black pubescence
49
49. Segments five and six black pubescent; segment five not
fasciate. tapytensis Mitch, (p. 248)
Segment five with a pale apical fascia; segments five and six
largely pale pubescent. illustris n. sp. (p. 188)
50. Black hairs of face largely confined to clypeus; segment five
with but a very slight amount of yellow tomentum,
being conspicuously black pubescent
guaranitica Schrott. (p. 248)
Face with considerable black pubescence above clypeus;
segment five with conspicuous yellow tomentum... 61
51. Segment five with a definite and relatively narrow yellow
apical fascia, the disc largely covered with scattered
black hairs. congruena n. sp, (p. 248)
Disc of segment five largely covered with yellow tODHentum,
without a definite apical fascia.52
THEODORE BEBTIS MITCHELL 163
62. Legs entirely ferruginous, with pubescence pale except on
front and hind metatarsi. bella n. sp. (p. 249)
Legs blackish in large part, with considerable black pubes¬
cence. trucis n. sp. (p. 251)
53. Front coxae spined, although the spines often short and
inconspicuous.54
Front coxae without any evidences of spines.62
64. Lower angle of cheek angulately produced
ivonensis Ckll. (p. 266)
Lower angle of cheek simple.55
55. Posterior margin of cheeks sharply carinate
turhulenta n. sp. (p. 255)
Posterior margin of cheeks rounded.56
56. Carina of segment six slightly pointed medially
orba Schrott. (p. 255)
Carina roundly emarginate medially.57
57. Wings yellowish, the nervures pale ferruginous or ochraceous
58
Wings either hyaline or smoky, the nervures dark.59
58. Pubescence of mcsonotum brownish-fuscous; apical ab¬
dominal segments red. expleta n. sp. (p. 252)
Pubescence of mesonotum whitish or ochraceous; abdomen
black apically. turpis n. sp. (p. 253)
59. Segment six with dense appressed yellowish tomentutn
which entirely hides the surface, .fuiilis n. sp. (p. 254)
Segment six without dense tomentum.60
60. Segments five and six with conspicuous long black pubescence;
segment five not fasciate. praefica Grib. (p. 293)
Segment five with an entire conspicuous apical fascia; black
pubescence of segments five and six short.61
61. Antennae longer, reaching the apical margin of segment two
of abdomen, the joints about three times longer than
broad. stomatura Ckll. (p. 283)
Antennae shorter, not reaching beyond the basal abdominal
segment, the joints hardly more than twice as long as
broad. aegra n. sp. (p. 283)
62. Mesosternum with a median longitudinal groove or con¬
cavity, the margins of which are densely tomentose.63
Mesosternum not grooved.65
63. Scutello-mesothoracic suture not fasciate
melanopoda (?) Ckll. (p. 263)
Scutello-mesothoracic suture with a conspicuous white
fascia.W
TBAKS. AM. XNT. 800., LVI.
164 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTBRA : MEGACHILIDAB)
64. Mesosternal groove wide and deep; cheeks with conspicuous
black hair-tufts below. . .philinca var. a. Ckll. (p. 263)
Mesosternal groove linear; cheeks entirely white pubescent
anodonta Ckll. (p. 263)
65. Posterior margin of cheeks sharply carinate.66
Posterior margin of cheeks only very inconspicuously
carinate, if at all.72
66. Carina of segment six either entirely lacking a median
emargination, or with a scarcely perceptible one
semota Ckll. (p. 263)
Carina either definitely emarginate medially, or consisting
of two acute widely separated teeth.67
67. Larger (11 mm.); tegulae pale ferruginous
donata n. sp. (p. 269)
Smaller (7 mm. or less); tegulae dark.68
68. Pubescence of mesonotum thin but erect. cara n. sp. (p. 263)
Pubescence of mesonotum usually appressed, with color
changeable at var3dng angles.69
69. Segment six without dense appressed tomentum
mobilis n. sp. (p. 264)
Segment six with dense appressed pale tomentum.70
70. Mesonotum uniformly dull, very densely and finely punc¬
tate; tomentum of segment six white
microdontura Ckll. (p. 266)
Mesonotum somewhat shining laterally, with punctures
close but not entirely contiguous; tomentum of segment
six ochraceous or fulvous.71
71. Lateral ocelli distinctly nearer eyes than to edge of vertex;
Carina of segment six definite, with a semicircular
median emargination. leucostomella Ckll. (p. 266)
Lateral ocelli at least as near the edge of the vertex as to
the eyes; carina of segment six less evident
bertonii Schrott. (p. 266)
72. Extremely large (18*“20 mm.); pubescence entirely deep
fulvous. cockerelli Rohwer (p. 292)
Smaller (13 mm. or less); pubescence variable, but not
entirely fulvous.73
73. Pubescence of cheeks, vertex, mid and hind legs, and apical
segments of abdomen, long and black, elsewhere long
and white, at least in part.74
Pubescence of cheeks, legs, etc., mostly pale.75
74. Larger (12 mm.); basal segment of abdomen white pubes¬
cent, the following segments entirely and conspicuously
black pubescent; dorsum of thorax with intermixed
black hairs. conferta n. sp. (p. 292)
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
165
Smaller (9~10 mm.); dorsum of thorax and segments one to
four of abdomen entirely and conspicuously white
pubescent. saulcyi Guer. (p. 293)
75. Carina of segment six either entire medially or very low,
with a barely perceptible median notch.76
Carina distinctly emarginate medially.79
76. Carina consisting of a low indefinite transverse ridge, having
a slight median notch.77
Carina low but definite, entire medially.78
77. First abdominal sternite much enlarged, reaching the apical
margin of segment two, the margin thickened and
densely pubescent (see PL XII). antiqua n. sp. (p. 270)
First abdominal sternite normal,montezuma Cress, (p. 280)
78. Face entirely pale pubescent, without admixed black hairs
abnormis n. sp. (p. 271)
Face laterally with long black hairs. ,certa n. sp. (p. 272)
79. Dorsal surface of segment six vertical, usually with dense
pale tomentum.81
Segment six more nearly horizontal in position, without pale
tomentum.80
80. Legs entirely red. uniformis Mitch, (p. 281)
Legs black. clara n. sp. (p. 281)
81. Clypeus entirely covered with uniformly long dense pubes¬
cence, entirely hiding the surface.82
At least the upper portion of the clypeus thinly pubescent,
so that the surface is partially exposed.85
82. Segment five with thin greyish tomentum and long erect
conspicuous black hairs. T .83
Segment five with bright fulvous tomentum and long erect
hairs of the same color, usually without black hairs.84
83. Punctures of mesonotum relatively sparse, the surface
shining between them; segment four with black pubes¬
cence. arcus n. sp. (p. 286)
Punctures of mesonotum very close and fine, the surface
not shining; pubescence of segment four entirely pale
fulvous or ochraceous. boliviensis Fr. (p. 285)
84. Pubescence of segments two to four rather pale fulvous,
not contrasting with the apical segments
tuxtla Cress, (p. 287)
Pubescence of segments two to four black at least in part,
with white apical fasciae, segments five and six in
contrast, with bright fulvous pubescence
ecuadoria Fr. (p. 287)
TRANS. AM. KNT. 80C., LVI.
166 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
85. Surface of clypeus largely exposed, with only an apical
fringe of yellow pubescence, with short inconspicuous
black pubescence above... acerba n. sp. (p. 266)
Clypeus largely covered with pale pubescence, oidy the
upper margin exposed by the thinning of the pubescence
ardua n. sp. (p. 268)
Females
1. Sixth abdominal sternite bare, except for a basal and apical
fringe, with a bare lip projecting beyond the apical
fringe.2
Sixth sternite either densely and uniformly pubescent, or
largely bare or thinly pubescent, but without an apical
bare lip.46
2. Mid metatarsi as long as their tibiae; mandibles 5-dentate. 3
Either the mid metatarsi shorter than their tibiae, or the
mandibles but 4-dentate.5
3. Pubescence largely black; abdominal sternites not fasciate
beneath the scopa.4
Pubescence largely pale; abdominal sternites with entire
conspicuous white Apical fasciae
brancoensis n. sp. (p. 187)
4. Scopa largely white, black only on extreme base and on
lateral margins of segments, proserpina Schrott. (p. 187)
Scopa in large part black laterally and basally
totonaca Cress, (p. 187)
5. Clypeus highly modified, deeply excavated; mandibles each
with a basal superior tooth. . cordovensis n. sp. (p. 189)
Clypeus and mandibles ordinary.6
6. Mesonotum extremely densely punctate throughout, with
no evident shining spaces between the punctures.... 7
Punctures of mesonotum separated to at least some slight
degree medially, or else the puncturation obscured by
the dense pubescence.20
7. Apical margin of clypeus entire medially.8
Apical margin of clypeus either emarginate or denticulate
medially.9
8. Dorsum of thorax entirely covered with rather dense fulvous
pubescence. timida n. sp. (p. 194)
Dorsum of thorax with conspicuous black pubescence
medially. velhoensis n. sp. (p. 199)
9. Apical margin of clypeus with a slight median emargination;
scopa black laterally on segments four and five.10
Apical margin of clypeus with at least a median denticle;
scopa on segments four and five entirely pale.13
THEODOBE BERTIS MITCHELL
167
10. Segment six of abdomen with conspicuous erect black hairs
basally.11
Erect hairs on segment six entirely pale.12
11. Mandibles fuscous; abdominal fasciae white; abdomen with
purplish reflections, the punctures minute but well
separated. santaremensis n. sp. (p. 194)
Mandibles red, with fuscous teeth; abdominal fasciae
ochraceous; abdomen without purplish reflections, the
punctures minute and very close. .fossoris Sm. (p. 196)
12. Lateral ocelli slightly nearer eyes than to edge of vertex;
pubescence of mesonotum greyish, short and thin, not
hiding the surface. azteca Cress, (p. 196)
Lateral ocelli distinctly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes;
pubescence of mesonotum fulvous, short and very
dense, hiding the surface. henigna n. sp. (p. 214)
13. Pleuron with a patch of black pubescence beneath tegula
hoffmannseggiae Joerg. (p. 196)
Pubescence of pleura entirely pale.14
14. Segment six of abdomen entirely lacking black pubescence,
and but a slight amount on the other segments.... 15
Segment six with grejdsh appressed tomentum, and some
erect black hairs at least toward base.16
15. Pubescence of segment six bright ochraceous; lateral ocelli
nearer edge of vertex than to nearest eye
candidella n. sp. (p. 206)
Pubescence of segment six greyish; lateral ocelli subequally
distant from eyes and edge of vertex
Candida Sm. (p. 206)
16. Scopa black on extreme sides of segments three to five. . 17
Scopa entirely pale on segments three to five.18
17. Mesonotum with conspicuous anterior patches of dense
yellow tomentum, and scutello-mesothoracic suture
conspicuously yellow-fmciate .velhoensis n. sp. (p. 199)
Mesonotum without yellow tomentum, the scutello-meso¬
thoracic suture but very slightly whitish fasciate
villarrecensis n. sp. (p. 207)
18. Segment six in profile with short erect black hairs evident
nearly to the tip. civilis n. sp. (p. 208)
Segment six in profile with no evident erect hairs, at least
toward the tip.19
19. Lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of
vertex; punctures of vertex uniformly close and rather
fine. Candida Sm. (p. 206)
Lateral ocelli nearer to edge of vertex than to eyes; punc¬
tures of vertex more coarse and more widely separated
in part. asundtola Str. (p. 209)
TBANS. AM. XNT. 60C., LYI.
168 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
20. Clypeus with a distinct median denticle
morosa n. sp. (p. 209)
Clypeus either entire, slightly emarginate medially, or with
a scarcely discernible median denticle.21
21. Scopa of segment five black at least in part.22
Scopa of segment five entirely pale.36
22. Abdomen entirely ferruginous.pwJcAm Sm. (p. 191)
Abdomen black.23
23. Inner tooth of mandible sharply truncate.24
Inner mandibular tooth acute, or at least not distinctly
truncate.25
24. Pubescence of legs and thorax largely fuscous or blackish
anthidioides Rad. (p. 238)
Pubescence of legs and thorax pale. . . viator n. sp. (p. 215)
25. Tegulae fuscous or blackish; pubescence of mesonotum
largely black, ornamented with white.26
Tegulae ferruginous or fuscous; pubescence of mesonotum
largely fulvous or cinereous, not black, or with but a
slight amount of black.28
26. Pubescence in general black; scopa black on segments four
to six, white on the basal segments.a^r n. sp. (p. 210)
With more or loss whitish pubescence; scopa pale at least
in part on segments four to six.27
27. Segment six with appressed white tomentum and erect
black hairs; scopa white. . : . . . .furcata Vach. (p. 192)
Segment six with appressed fuscous pubescence, with only
scattered erect black hairs at sides basally; scopa pale
yellow. sterilis n. sp. (p. 211)
28. Segment six with entirely pale pubescence above.29
Segment six with some evident erect black hairs.32
29. Segment five with minute densely crowded punctures;
clypeus slightly emarginate medially; smaller (11-12
mm.).30
Punctures of segment five minute but distinctly separated;
clypeus hardly emarginate medially; larger (15 mm.)
ampla n. sp. (p. 212)
30. With intermixed black pubescence on vertex and around
tegulae. trepida n. sp. (p. 213)
Pubescence of vertex, face and thorax entirely pale fulvous
31
31. Pubescence of vertex and mesonotum more fulvous, dense,
largely hiding the surface; punctures of mesonotum
beneath pubescence quite fine and distinctly separated,
the surface shining between them
benigna n. sp. (p. 214)
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
169
Pubescence of vertex and mesonotum longer and greyish-
white, not so dense and not hiding the surface; punc
tures of mesonotum close, the surface not shining
viator n. sp. (p. 215)
32. Abdomen entirely lacking fasciae_ felicis n. sp. (p. 216)
Abdomen with definite pale fasciae.33
33. Abdominal fasciae narrow and white; mandibles fuscous;
abdomen with purplish reflections, the punctures
minute but well separated. santormenm n. sp. (p. 194)
Abdominal fasciae yellow; mandibles red, with fuscous
teeth; abdomen without purplish reflections.34
34. Fasciae of segments four and five narrow, apical, pubescence
of the discs short, thin and blackish.35
Segments four and five largely covered with dense bright
yellow pubescence, entirely hiding the surface
delectus n. sp. (p. 217)
35. Mandibles distinctly red; clypeus slightly emarginate
medially; ventral segment five not fasciate
fossoris Sm. (p. 196)
Mandibles darker; clypeus entire; ventral segment five with
a distinct and entire white apical fascia
obhqua n. sp. (p. 218)
36. Pubescence of the legs pale in large part.37
Legs with largely black pubescence.42
37. Pubescence of pleura below black.... davisi n. sp. (p. 219)
Pubescence of pleura below pale.38
38. Segment six in profile with no visible erect hairs.40
Segment six in profile showing erect black hairs.39
39. Clypeus and supraclypeal area closely punctate throughout
banksi n. sp. (p. 220)
Clypeus and supraclypeal area with a median impunctate
line. indigoferae n. sp. (p. 221)
40. Scopa white or pale yellow; segment six covered with pale
tomentum, nearly hiding the surface.41
Scopa fulvous; segment six without pale tomentum
aurata n. sp. (p. 222)
41. Abdomen with purplish reflections; punctures of segment
five definitely separated, although numerous
limcLe Schrott. (p. 223)
Abdomen without purplish reflections; punctures of segment
five minute and densely crowded
electrum n. sp. (p. 223)
42. Punctures of mesonotum and scutellum small and sparse
medially, quite close marginally
indulgens n. sp. (p. 224)
Punctures of mesonotum and scutellum quite close through¬
out.43
T&ANS. AM. ENT. BOO., LVI.
170 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA *. MEGACHILIDAE)
43. Scopa entirely white. argentina Ft. (p. 199)
Scopa fulvous.44
44. Pleura above with whitish pubescence
pollinosa Spin. (p. 199)
Pleura with black pubescence extending to the bases of
the wings.46
45. Scopa entirely fulvous; cheeks with white pubescence above;
apical abdominal fasciae white and conspicuous
burmeisteri Ft. (p. 225)
Scopa black at base and apex; cheeks entirely black pubes¬
cent; apical abdominal fasciae darkened and incon¬
spicuous . hieronymi Ft. (p. 225)
46. Scopa with a V-shaped modified basal area in which the
hairs are densely and finely plumose.47
Scopa without any modified basal area.49
47. Fasciae of segments four and five yellow, broad and dense,
covering about a third of the area of the disc apically
pilosa Sm. (p. 266)
Fasciae of segments four and five less dense and much more
narrow, not covering a third of the disc.48
48. Radial cell deeply infuscated, nervures blackish
microsoma Ckll. (p. 266)
Radial cell pale yellow, nervures yellowish
bertonii Schrott. (p. 266)
49. Abdomen narrow and parallel-sided, the dorsal plate of the
apical segment vertical or nearly so.50
Abdomen either cordate, ovoid, or conical, the apical
segment not vertical.56
60. Segment six entirely covered with dense appressed ochra-
ceous or fulvous tomentum.61
Segment six either dark pubescent or with greyish or whitish
tomentum.62
51. Scopa of segment six blackish, the segment dorsally with
short but erect black hairs. abacula Cress, (p. 177)
Segment six without black hairs, either above or in scopa
otomita Creso. (p. 176)
52. Pubescence of clypeus entirely white, the apical margin of
the clypeus serrate; pubescence of segment six entirely
fuscous, above and l^low. ^fuadridentata n. sp. (p. 177)
Either the clypeus with conspicuous long black hairs, or
segment six with considerable appressed pale tomentum
53
53. Apical margin of clypeus denticulate.64
Apical margin of clypeus at most only sinuate or broadly
and shallowly emarginate.66
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
171
64. Segments five and six with pubescence entirely pale
gualanensis Ckll. (p. 177)
Segments five and six with short but erect black hairs
hdematoxylonae n. sp. (p. 178)
55. Segment five with an apical white fascia; segment six with
some appressed pale tomentum; smaller (10 mm.)
zaptlana Cress, (p. 184)
Segment five not fasciate; segment six with only very
inconspicuous pale tomentum, which is obscured by
the numerous erect black setae; larger (13 mm.)
fastidiosa n. sp. (p. 179)
56. Mandibles distinctly 5-dentate, the emargination between
the third and fourth teeth much deeper than between
any of the others.57
Mandibles usually 4-dentate, at least not of the above type
58
57. Scopa of segments five and six entirely black
paratexana n. n. (p. 226)
Scopa entirely pale. perihirta (?) Ckll. (p. 226)
58. Scopa on segment six largely confined to basal half, very
thin or lacking on apical half except for the apical
fringe.59
Scopa on segment six uniformly dense throughout.83
59. Clypeus protuberant medially, the protuberant area flat¬
tened or slightly concave, with the apical margin
incurved (see orbiculataf PI. XIV).60
Clypeus without a median protuberant area.68
60. Mesonotum bare and shining, with scattered strong punc¬
tures.61
Mesonotum closely punctate.62
61. Tegulae fuscous; scopa pale except for a few black hairs
on segment six. fiebrigi Schrott. (p. 273)
Tegulae ferruginous; scopa apically black in part
orbiculata n. sp. (p. 273)
62. Mesonotum with dense fine appressed fulvous or cinereous
pubescence and erect black or pale hairs, the punctura-
tion being largely obscured.63
Mesonotum without dense appressed pubescence, the
puncturation clearly evident.64
63. Larger (12 mm.); abdomen with less distinct purplish
reflections; segment six with appressed fuscous pubes¬
cence . corona n. sp. (p. 274)
Smaller (10 mm.); abdomen with more distinct purplish
reflections; segment six with dense appressed greyish
or ochraceous pubescence. insolens n. sp. (p. 275)
172 NEOTBOPICAL MEGACHILB (hTMENOPTEBA : MEGACHILIDAE)
64. Mesonotum with entirely fulvous pubescence, punctures
close and rather fine. montezuma Cress, (p. 280)
Mesonotum with erect black pubescence.65
65. Segment six in profile strongly concave
egressa n. sp. (p. 276)
Segment six straight in profile.66
66. Mesonotum not at all rugose; pubescence of pleura largely
blackish. recta n. sp. (p. 277)
Mesonotum rugose at least to a slight degree laterally;
pubescence of pleura largely pale.67
67. Mesonotum strongly rugoso-punctate, even to the center
habilis n. sp. (p. 278)
Mesonotum rugoso-punctate only at sides, the punctures
well separated medially. ignava n. sp. (p. 279)
68. Inner tooth of mandible broadly truncate.69
Inner mandibular tooth distinctly acute.72
69. Scopa entirely deep black. fruHcosa n. sp. (p. 290)
Scopa pale at least in part.70
70. Scopa entirely black on segments five and six, largely pale
basally. anthidioides Rad. (p. 238)
Scopa entirely pale on segment five.71
71. Wing nervures pal(} ferruginous; scopa on segment six in
large part fulvous. redondensis n. sp. (p. 291)
Wing nervures blackish; scopa on segment six mostly black
tuxtla Cress, (p. 287)
72. Upper face of scutellum polished, with but a few scattered
minute punctures.73
Upper face of scutellum well punctured.74
73. Abdominal fasciae broad, entire, dense, and orange in color;
scopa orange. loremiensis n. sp. (p. 184)
Abdominal fasciae and scopa pale ochraceous
intergradus Mitch, (p. 184)
74. Mesonotum covered with very dense, pale ochraceous
pubescence, entirely hiding the surface
felicis n. sp. (p. 216)
Mesonotum with at least intermixed black hairs.75
75. Punctures of mesonotum very sparse medially; pubescence
of pleura blackish. colomMana n. sp. (p. 227)
Punctures of mesonotum quite close medially.76
76. Scopa on segment six black, that on segment five black in
part. mexicana Cress, (p. 230)
Scopa on segment five entirely pale, and that on segment
six with but a few apical black hairs at most.77
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
173
77. Pleura with a rather conspicuous patch of fuscous pubes¬
cence beneath tegulae.79
Pleura with entirely light pubescence, or with but a few
scattered dark hairs which are barely noticeable.... 78
78. Clypeus with an impunctate median line; segment five with
appressed pale pubescence and erect black hairs, the
apical fasciae pale ochraceous. inconstans n. sp. (p. 233)
Clypeus without a definite median impunctate line; segment
five with a narrow white apical fascia, otherwise
entirely black pubescent. angularis n. sp. (p. 234)
79. Apical half of segment five with dense ochraceous tomentum,
otherwise with erect black hairs.80
Pubescence of segment five variable, but not as above... 81
80. Punctures of mesonotum very densely crowded, at least
laterally. parata n. sp. (p. 231)
Punctures of mesonotum not crowded laterally
immanis n. sp. (p. 230)
81. Supraclypeal area without a well defined median impunctate
space. numerus n. sp. (p. 235)
Supraclypeal area with a fairly well defined median im¬
punctate space.82
82. Larger (12 mm.); tegulae clear ferruginous; mesonotum
with short subappressed greyish pubescence which is
quite conspicuous at certain angles, also with erect
black pubescence. emendata n. sp. (p. 236)
Smaller (10 mm.); tegulae more or less suffused with
fuscous; mesonotum with erect black pubescence, but
the subappressed whitish pubescence very incon¬
spicuous. subita n. sp. (p. 232)
83. Scopa entirely black.84
Scopa pale at least in part.88
84. Mesonotum with pale pubescence.85
Mesonotum entirely black pubescent.86
85. Head and thorax with largely whitish pubescence
praefica Grib. (p. 292)
Head and ventral part of thorax black pubescent
. saulcyi Guer. (p. 293)
86. Mesonotum extremely densely and finely punctate through¬
out. piurensis Ckll. (p. 256)
Punctures of mesonotum at least well separated medially. 87
87. Scutellum uniformly very densely punctate
atromentata Ckll. (p. 256)
Punctures sparse on scutellum medially; mesonotum with
a median polished impunctate area of considerable
extent. densa n. sp. (p. 257)
174 NEOTEOPICAL MBGACHILE (hTMBNOPTEBA : MEGACHILIDAB)
88. Segments four to six of abdomen with scopa entirely black
89
Scopa on segments four to six pale at least in part.91
89. Abdomen entirely ferruginous... .conjugalis n. sp. (p. 258)
Abdomen black.90
90. Apical margin of clypeus finely denticulate
atricoma Vach. (p. 257)
Apical margin of clypeus entire, smooth and polished
jniUata Sm. (p. 257)
91. Both the tegulae and the wing nervures pale ferruginous.92
Either the tegulae or the wing nervures blackish or fuscous
96
92. Mesonotum with conspicuous black or fuscous pubescence
guaranitica Schrott. (p. 248)
Pubescence of mesonotum pale in general.93
93. Segment six with black pubescence.94
Segment six with entirely pale pubescence.95
94. Ventral segment five with a white apical fascia; dorsal
fasciae not over a third the width of each segment
vesiis n. sp. (p. 262)
None of the sternites fasciate; dorsal fasciae very broad,
covering over luvlf of each segment
diversa n. sp. (p. 261)
95. Apical margin of clypeus denticulate
•conlemptus n. sp. (p. 259)
Apical margin of clypeus not denticulate, incurved medially,
subcrenulate laterally. reliqua n. sp. (p. 260)
96. Extremely large (20 mm.); pubescence entirely deep
ferruginous. cockerelli Rohwer (p. 292)
Smaller (15 mm. or less); pubescence black in part.97
97. Sternites fasciate beneath the scopa, at least in part_98
Sternites not fasciate.105
98. Legs and mandibles entirely red; scutello-mesothoracic
suture conspicuously white fasciate
anodonta Ckll. (p. 263)
Legs and mandibles usually dark; fascia in scutello-meso-
thoracic suture at most inconspicuous... ...99
99. Apical margin of clypeus definitely denticulate.100
Apical margin of clypeus either entire, slightly emarginate,
or inconspicuously serrate.101
100. Wing nervures yellowish; radial cell not much darkened
praecipm n. sp. (p. 282)
Wing nervures black; radial cell strongly infuscated
stomatura Ckll. (p. 283)
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
176
101. Tegulae ferruginous or yellowish.102
Tegulae fuscous or black.104
102. Segment five without a definite apical fascia; fasciae of
stemites broadly interrupted medially.103
Segment five definitely fasciate; stemites two to five with
conspicuous entire white apical fasciae
alta n. sp. (p. 284)
103. Legs largely ferruginous; abdomen relatively long and
slender, tapering posteriorly
coelioxiformis Schrott. (p. 282)
Legs dark; abdomen broader, not so distinctly tapering
bodkini Ckll. (p. 282)
104. Wings more uniformly infuscated, the radial cell not much
darkened except along border.. suavis n. sp. (p. 300)
Wings subhyaline, the radial cell strongly infuscated
acris n. sp. (p. 297)
105. Posterior margin of cheeks with a salient rim; punctures of
mesonotum uniformly densely crowded.106
Posterior margin of cheeks without a salient rim.107
106. Pubescence of hind legs pale. stahilis n. sp. (p. 298)
Pubescence of hind legs fuscous.. kartaboensis n. sp. (p. 299)
107. Scopa black on segments two and six, bright red on segments
three to five. fortuita n. sp. (p. 287)
Scopa entirely pale basally.IQS
108. Abdomen definitely fasciate.109
Abdomen entirely lacking fasciae.112
109. Pubescence of clypeus entirely black.110
With at least some intermixed pale hairs on the clypeus. Ill
110. Pubescence of legs black; scopa ferruginous
impudens n. sp. (p. 288)
Pubescence of legs white; scopa creamy-white
persjncua n. sp. (p. 289)
111. Larger (9 mm.); pleura with only a few inconspicuous black
hairs beneath tegulae. affabilis n. sp. (p. 301)
Smaller (7 mm.); pleura with considerable black pubescence
above. riojanensis n. sp. (p. 302)
112. Pleura with few or no black hairs beneath tegulae.113
Pleura with considerable black pubescence.114
113. Wings strongly infuscated, especially the radial cell
fumata n. sp. (p. 293)
Wings subhyaline; vertex with a median shining impunctate
area which is definitely delimited. Aamafa n. sp. (p. 295)
114. Tegulae, mandibles and legs definitely ferruginous
nuda n. sp. (p. 296)
Tegulae, mandibles and legs entirely dark
simplidpes Fr. (p. 295)
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
176 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA .* MEGACHILIDAE)
Descriptions and Records
Megachile otomita Cresson (Pis. X, XI and XV)
1878. Megachile oUmita Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vii, p. 123.
1911. Megachile otomita Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 258.
1916. Megachile squamosa Friese, Stett. Ent. Zeit., lxxi, p. 340.
1920. Megachile knabi Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lv, p. 215.
San Jose, Costa Rica, May 30, 1903, (J. C. Crawford), [Titus,
1 cT, 2 9]. Mount Redonda, Costa Rica, January 1903, [A. N.
S. P., 1 cT, 1 9].
Megachile cartagenensis new species (Pis. X and XI)
Male. —Size: Length, 7 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Length of face subequal to breadth; eyes converging
below; apical margin of clypeus beneath beard 3-tuberculate
medially, the central tubercle small; mandibles 3-dentate, with an
acutely triangular median inferior projection; cheeks narrower
than eyes, with a slightly concave bare polished area below, but
not protuberant; vertex rounded, the hind margin very slightly
concave; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of
vertex; antennae long and slender, reaching just beyond the
scutellum, basal joint of flagellum hardly as long as the pedicel,
the other joints twice as long as broad, the apical one three times
as long, but not at all dilated; front coxae with spines very much
abreviated, tuberculate; front tarsi slightly dilated, polished and
shghtly concave beneath; all the legs slender; abdomen parallel¬
sided, the apical margins of the segments slightly depressed and
transparent; segment six ventral in position, the carina hardly
noticeable, but definitely emarginate medially, median teeth of
apical margin carinate, the lateral ones more acute; segment seven
hardly visible; only three abdominal sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Coarse and deep in general; dense on face and
clypeus, dense and relatively fine on cheeks, close but not crowded
on vertex, mesonotum and scutellum, crowded on pleura above,
more sparse below, finer and sparse on abdomen, especially
medially, but close on segment five, fine and dense on segment six.
Color: Black in general, including the legs and tegulae;
antennae obscurely reddish beneath; wings violaceous, slightly
infuscated, somewhat darker apically, the nervures black;
abdominal segments with purplish reflections, the transparent
apical margins yellowish; spurs pale yellow.
Pubescence: Thin and white in general, rather dense on face;
clypeus with a few inconspicuous darker hairs; vertex, mesonotum
and scutellum with very thin erect dark pubescence; entirely pale
on abdomen, segments five and six with considerable pale tomen-
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
177
turn and erect, though short, pale hairs, segments one to three
subfasciate laterally, segments three to six with entire white basal
fasciae; sternites with broad dense apical fasciae.
Type, —Male; Cartagena, Colombia, October 30,1926, (George
Salt), [Salt].
Megachile abacula Cresson
1878. Megachile dbacida Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vii, p. 130.
1911. Megachile abacula Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 256.
Mexico, [A. N. S. R, 1 cT].
Megachile gualanensis Cockerell
1912. Megachile gnalanensis Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), x, p. 27.
Gualan, Guatemala, (W. P. Cockerell), [A. N. S. P., 1 c?
cotype].
Megachile quadridentata new species
Female, —Size; Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Length and breadth of face subequal; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus with three regular,
small but distinct median crenulations, and an indistinct one on
either side (quite similar to haematoxylonaej Plate XIV; mandibles
expanded apically, 4-dentate (much as in otomita, Plate XIII),
with two sharp ridges parallel to the outer margin, and a third
extending from the second tooth obliquely across upper face to
base; cheeks slightly narrower than eyes and slightly narrowed
above; vertex slightly convex, the hind margin strongly incurved;
lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex;
basal joint of flagellum very short, distinctly shorter than pedicel,
subequal to second joint, the middle joints somewhat longer than
broad; all the metatarsi much narrower and shorter than their
tibiae, claws without basal teeth; abdomen narrow and parallel¬
sided, segments two to four with deep basal grooves, the apical
margins of the segments strongly depressed laterally, but not
medially; segment six abruptly descending, with an abrupt apical
lip, the ventral plate densely pubescent throughout.
Puncturation: Deep, close and rather fine on cheeks; coarser
and more distinctly separated on vertex; deep, close and. coarse
on clypeus and supraclypeal area; on mesonotum medially about
as on vertex, but closer laterally and anteriorly, as also on
scutellum; pleura rather closely and deeply punctate, distinctly
and rather finely so on lateral faces of propodeum; fine and close
on basal abdominal segments, more sparse but uniform on
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
178 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
segment two, sparse and fine on segments three and four medially,
but coarse laterally, close and fine on segment five, and especially
so on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae piceous above, reddish below; tegulae
piceous; wings hyaline, faintly clouded and violaceous apically,
nervures fuscous; hind spurs yellowish, front spurs dark ferru¬
ginous.
Pubescence: White on clypeus, face and cheeks, rather dense on
inner orbits; thin and ochraceous on vertex; apparently mostly
white on thorax (specimen rubbed), with ochraceous or darker
hairs on mesonotum and scutellum, and white on legs, yellowish
beneath tarsi; discs of abdominal segments largely bare, but with
some blackish pubescence evident on segment five, segments one
to five with white apical fasciae, but this indefinite on segment
five, segments two to four also with the basal grooves white
fasciate, segment six with fine subappressed purplish-brown
tomentum; scopa creamy-white, purplish-brown on segment six.
Type, —Female; Guadalajara, Mexico, August 16, 1903,
(McClendon), [A. N. S. P. no. 4151].
This is distinguished from exiliSf campanulae and others of this
group by the even, shallow crenulations or denticulations of the
anterior margin of the clypeus, and the purplish-brown pubes¬
cence of segment six.
Megachile haematoxylonae new species (PI. XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Length and breadth of facial quadrangle subequal;
eyes subparallel; apical margin of clypeus 5-denticulate; man¬
dibles 4-dentate, teeth acute, the two apical ones approximate,
with no evident cutting edges; checks below very slightly nar¬
rower than eyes, and but slightly narrowed above; vertex convex,
the hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from
eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum shorter than the
pedicel, the second joint also shorter than the pedicel, but
slightly longer than the basal joint; mid and hind metatarsi much
narrower and shorter than the respective tibiae, claws without
distinct basal teeth; abdomen narrow and parallel-sided, the hind
margins of the segments quite deeply depressed laterally, and
segments two to four deeply depressed basally; segment six very
slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile slightly
convex, with an abrupt shelf-like apical lip, the dorsal surface
almost vertical in position, the ventral plate uniformly densely
pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
THEODOBE BERTIS MITCHELL
179
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks; deep, coarse and
distinctly separated on vertex, mesonotum, scutellum and supra-
clypeal area; much closer on face and clypeus; fine and close on
pleura above and in front, but quite coarse, deep and sparse
below posteriorly; relatively fine, but deep and sparse on abdo¬
men, but fine and close on segment six and to some degree on
segment five.
Color: Black, including tegulae and legs; antennae beneath,
more fuscous; wings faintly and rather uniformly infuscated,
quite deeply so in radial cell, violaceous apically, the nervures
fuscous; spurs yellow.
Pubescence: Thin and rather short in general; whitish on
cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs, and basal segment of abdomen,
with dense white patches in front of tegulae and behind each
wing base; thin but more fuscous on vertex, mesonotum and
scutellum; whitish on face, with intermixed black hairs; very
short and largely pale on discs of abdominal segments, segments
four to six with erect black hairs, and segment six with a white
pilosity in addition; segments one to four with very narrow white
apical fasciae, more or less interrupted medially on the basal
segments, but segment two to three with thin white fasciae in the
basal grooves which give the appearance of a continuous apical
fascia on the preceding segment, segment five not fasciate;
scopa creamy white, brownish on segment six.
Type, —Female; Mamatoco, Santa Marta, Colombia, February
18, 1927, at flowers of Haematoxylon, (M. A. Carriker), [Salt].
Megachile fastidiosa new species (PL XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle about as broad as long; eyes
parallel; clypeus short and broad, the apical margin slightly
rolled, with a denticle toward each side; mandibles 5-dentate, the
teeth about equidistant from each other; cheeks slightly broader
than eyes, not appreciably narrowed above, the hind margins
rounded; vertex slightly convex, the hind margin slightly in¬
curved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of
vertex, this distance being relatively great; basal joint of flagellum
very slightly longer than either the pedicel or the second joint,
these being subequal; mid and hind metatarsi definitely shorter
and narrower than the respective tibiae, claws without basal
teeth; abdomen long and parallel-sided, the apical margins of
the segments rather narrowly depressed for their entire width;
dorsal surface of segment six about vertical in position, this
segment straight laterally in dorsal aspect except for the concave
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
180 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDA e)
tip, and in profile straight, with abundant erect hair visible, the
ventral plate densely pubescent throughout and without a bare
apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine, close and shallow on cheeks; deeper but
very close on face; more definitely separated on vertex, rather
widely so laterally; sparse on supraclypeal area; rather coarse and
close on clypeus; shallow on mesonotum, scattered medially, close
and fine anteriorly and laterally; evenly distributed and rather
close on scutellum; fine and close on pleura above, coarse and
relatively sparse below; minute and indistinct on basal abdomi¬
nal segment, becoming distinct, but rather fine and close on the
other segments, but segments five and six rugoso-punctate.
Color: Black; antennae and tegulae more piceous; wings lightly
infuscated, quite deeply so apically and along costal margin, the
nervures piceous; spurs red.
Pubescence: Short and inconspicuous in general; creamy white
at sides of face, between antennae, on cheeks, pleura, propodeum
and basal segment of abdomen, as also on legs in large part; long,
thin and brownish-fuscous on clypeus, vertex and scutellum;
mesonotum largely bare, but with a few short inconspicuous dark
hairs; discs of abdominal vsegments two to four with some ex¬
tremely short blackish pubescence, but largely bare and not at
all fasciate; segment six with a fine pale pilosity and numerous
erect stiff black hairs; a few erect black hairs on segment five
apically; scopa white, but entirely black on segment six.
Type, —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
Megachile obdurate new species (PL XI)
Male, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle much longer than wide; eyes
subparallel; apical margin of clypeus beneath beard with a
tubercle on each side of middle; mandibles 3-dentate, with a
robust subapical inferior projection; cheeks slightly narrower
than eyes, with an inferior concave bare area, the lower margin of
which is produced into a short triangular proiection; vertex very
slightly rounded, the posterior margin evenly incurved; lateral
ocelli very slightly nearer eyes than to edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum slightly shorter than the pedicel, the length of
the following joints about twice their width, the apical one not
appreciably dilated, but slightly elongate; front coxae bare
anteriorly, with short acute spines and a small patch of short
but robust red bristles; front femora slender, not keeled; front
tibiae more robust, but very short; front tarsi broadly dilated, the
metatarsus with an anterior much prolonged scale reaching nearly
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
181
to the tip of the second joint, this and the following joints much
smaller; middle legs slender, the tibiae with the usual apical spur;
abdomen parallel-sided, the apical margins of the segments rather
narrowly depressed; dorsal surface of segment six vertical in
position, with a rather sharp median longitudinal carina, the
transverse carina irregularly emarginate or crenulate, scoop¬
shaped, the apical margin of the segment with hardly evident
teeth; segment seven not visible; four ventral plates exposed.
Puncturation: Rather fine and close in general; very fine and
crowded on cheeks; more distinctly separated on vertex; rather
widely separated on mesonotum medially, otherwise close; close
on scutellum; crowded on pleura; close on the basal abdominal
segments, but more sparse on the shining apical segments except
segment six which is rugoso-punctate and dull.
Color: Black in general; antennae obscurely fuscous below;
front and middle tibiae mostly ferruginous, the front tarsi
yellowish-ferruginous; mid and hind tarsi reddish; all the femora
blackish; tegulae shining fuscous; wings subhyaline, slightly
infuscated and violaceous apicaJly, the nervures fuscous; spurs
ferruginous.
Pubescence: White on cheeks, sternum, legs and basal abdomi¬
nal segments; cream-color without black admixture on face and
on thorax above, but vertex, mesonotum and scutellum with
considerable fuscous hair; segments two to five of abdomen with
entire white apical fasciae, segment five with erect ochraceous
hairs, without pale tomentum, as also segment six; front tarsi
white fringed posteriorly, the fringe tipped with fulvous; mid
tarsi not fringed.
Type, —Male; Villarrica, Paraguay, [January ?} 1, 1923,
[Meyer].
Megachile cruziana new species (Pis. X and XI)
Male, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face somewhat longer than broad between eyes;
eyes subparallel; apical margin of clypeus slightly crenulate
^ beneath beard; mandibles 3-dentate, with a robust inferior
projection, with the apex slightly nearer the basal end of the
mandible than the apical end; cheeks slightly broader than eyes,
with a bare polished area and a pyramidal protuberance below;
vertex flat, slightly incurved on hind margin; lateral ocelli slightly
nearer eyes than to edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum sub¬
equal in length to pedicel, the middle joints hardly twice as long
as broad, the apical one considerably longer and quite strongly
dilated and flattened; front coxae flattened, bare and polished,
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
182 NEOTBOPICAL MBGACHILE (hYMENOPTEKA : MEGACHILIDAe)
with a row of three robust reddish bristles on the anterior margin,
the spines rather long and slender, slightly curved, the apices
divergent; front femora not keeled; front tarsi dilated and
flattened, the metatarsi not excavated on the anterior margin,
less broadly dilated than the second joint except at the extreme
apex; mid tibiae fully twice as long as the mid metatarsi, with
the usual apical spur; mid and hind tarsi slender; abdomen
parallel-sided, apical margins of segments two to four quite
strongly and abruptly depressed; dorsal surface of segment six
vertical in position, the carina entire medially, scoop-shaped, the
apical margin of the segment with hardly evident teeth; segment
seven entirely hidden; four ventral plates evident.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks, upper pleura and
basal abdominal segments; fine but more distinct on vertex;
distinctly separated on mesonotum and scutellum; segment five
shining, but indistinctly rugoso-punctate apically; segment six
dull, &iely rugoso-punctate.
Color: Black in general, with the antennae obscurely brownish-
ferruginous below; front coxae, trochanters and femora bright
ferruginous, the tibiae somewhat infuscated on outer face, but
ivory colored apically, the tarsi ivory, very narrowly blackened
on the posterior margin; middle legs except the coxae ferruginous;
hind legs blackish, tingod with ferruginous; tegulae fuscous;
wings slightly infuscated, deeply so in region of radial cell, the
nervures fuscous; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous on face (without any black
admixture), thorax except above, and legs; dense and white on
cheeks below, otherwise thin and more ochraceous, blackish
above; fuscous or black on vertex, mesonotum, scutellum and
discs of abdominal segments, mixed with ochraceous on basal
segments, the apical fasciae white, evident only laterally, no pale
tomentmn on the apical segments; front tarsus'with a long dense
fulvous posterior fringe, and metatarsi with a shorter and some¬
what paler anterior fringe; mid and hind tarsi not fringed,
covered with silvery pubescence.
Type. —Male; Buenavista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 450 m.,
[Meyer]. Paratypes .—^3 males; topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachile dentipes Vachal
1909. Megachile dentipes Vachal, Rev. Ent., xxviii, p. 12.
1914. Megackile dentipes Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), xiii, p. 427.
1920. Megachile poeidifera Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lv, p. 217.
1923. Megachile poeidifera Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., uaii. Art. 8, p. 1.
1924. Megachile poeidifera Cockerell, Proc. Calif. Ac. Sci., (4), xn, p. 646.
THEODORE BEBTIS MITCHELL
183
Balboa, Canal Zone, March 2, 1923, on Triplaris, [M. C. Z.,
1 cf]. Paraguay, November 1925, [Meyer, 1 c?]. Guaymas,
Mexico, April 15, 1921, (E. P. Van Duzee), [Calif. Ac. Sci., 1 o'].
Brownsville, Texas, [Univ. Kans., 1 o'].
Megachile ferruginoaa new species (Pis. X and XI)
Male, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face considerably longer than broad; eyes sub¬
parallel; apical margin of clypeus quite deeply emarginate
medially, with a denticle on each side; mandibles slightly grooved
on outer surface apically, with a triangular inferior projection
located about a third of the distance from base to apex of man¬
dible; cheeks about as broad as eyes, with a small bare polished
area below which is margined behind with a short spine-like
projection; vertex slightly rounded, the hind margin slightly
incurved; lateral ocelli subcqually distant from eyes and edge of
vertex; basal joint of flagellum barely as long as the pedicel, the
other joints not quite twice as long as broad, the apical one
considerably longer, very slightly (Slated and flattened; front
coxae bare and polished anteriorly, but with a large patch of
robust ferruginous spine-like bristles, with a rather long but
slender spine; front femora slender, not keeled; front tarsi broadly
dilated, the metatarsus with a conspicuous boat-shaped scale;
mid tibiae small, but fully twice the length of the metatarsi,
with the usual apical spur; segment six of abdomen with a
conspicuous carina which is irregularly emarginate medially and
irregularly crenulate laterally; segment seven produced into an
acute triangular spine; four ventral plates visible.
Puncturation: Close and fine in general, especially so on
cheeks, punctures on the abdomen minute and inconspicuous.
Color: Head and thorax black, abdomen entirely ferruginous;
antennae ferruginous; mandibles black; front coxae pale ferrugi¬
nous, the trochanters black, the femora and tibiae pale ferruginous
within, more fuscous on outer faces, the tarsi ivory, but the
metatarsal scale brownish-fuscous; mid and hind legs ferruginous,
more or less suffused with fuscous; tegulae pale ferruginous-
hyaline; wings faintly yellowish, the nervures pale ferruginous;
spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Ochraceous in general, entirely so on face above
clypeus, on vertex, thorax and basal abdominal segments; upper
half of clypeus with long erect black hair, contrasting with the
dense ochraceous apical beard; pubescence of cheeks whitish,
dense below; apical segments of abdomen with erect black hairs;
legs with largely pale pubescence, front tarsi with a dense whitish
184 NEOTKOPICAL MEQACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
posterior fringe, mid metatarsi with some blackish pubescence on
outer face, and a dense ochraceous posterior fringe; hind meta¬
tarsi fringed on both margins with black hairs.
Type. —Male; Buenavista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 450 m.,
[Meyer],
Megachile zaptlana Cresson
1878. Megachile zaptlana Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vii, p. 130.
1911. Megachilae zaptlana Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 260.
Villarrica, Paraguay, January 1922, [Meyer, 2 9]. Rio Frio,
Magdalena, Colombia, December 26, 1926, (Salt, 19).
Megachile hilarimotpha Strand (Pis. X, XI and XII)
1910. Megachile hilarimorpha Strand, Zool. Jahrb., Abth. f. Syst., xxix,
p. 542.
Chapada, Corumba and Pedra Branca, Brazil, January, April
and May, [A. N. S. P., 14 cf ].
Megachile intergradus Mitchell
1929. Megachile intergradus Mitchell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., liv, p. 339.
Buenavista, Santa Cmz, Bolivia, (compared with type),
[Meyer, 4 9].
The clypeus and mandibles are much as in lorensiensis (PI.
XIV).
Megachile lorensiensis new species (PI. XIV)
Female. —Size; Length, 14 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 5.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 11 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle slightly broader than long; eyes
subparallel; clypeus somewhat swollen above, the apical margin
broadly incurved, otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the
third tooth broadly truncate, the others acute, a cutting edge
between the third and fourth teeth; cheeks below subequal to
eyes in width, considerably narrowed above; vertex flat, the hind
margin strongly incurved; lateral ocelli nearer edge of vertex than
to eyes; basal joint of flagellum about twice the length of the
pedicel, somewhat longer than the second joint;* scutellum
flattened dorsally, the hind margin slightly protuberant medially;
mid and hind metatarsi subequal in width to the respective tibiae
and but slightly shorter; claws with small seta-like basal teeth;
abdomen broadly cordate, the hind margins of the segments
broadly and quite deeply depressed except for a narrow median
area; segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect,
straight in profile, with numerous long erect hairs visible, the
ventral plate largely bare, with a narrow inconspicuous bare
apical lip.
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
185
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks, extremely so on face;
irregularly scattered on the shining clypeus and supraclypeal
area; sparse on vertex, especially laterally; fine and close on
mesonotum anteriorly, becoming minute, indistinct and irregu¬
larly scattered on the polished median and posterior area; upper
surface of scutellum polished and almost impunctate; fine and
densely crowded on pleura above, coarser and definitely separated
below; fine and close on abdomen, but each segment with narrow
impunctate areas just anterior to the depressed margins.
Color: Black; antennae beneath more fuscous; tegulae bright
ferruginous except for an anterior darkened area; wings lightly
infuscated, slightly darker on costal mar^n of radial cell, the
nervures ferruginous to fuscous; legs considerably suffused with
red, the hind tibiae and tarsi being entirely ferruginous; spurs
pale yellow.
Pubescence: Whitish on face below level of antennae, on cheeks,
sternum, lateral faces of propodeum, and legs in part; fuscous on
vertex and in front of anterior ocellus, on pronotum including
tubercles, on mesonotum, scutellum, and basal segment of
abdomen, and a large fuscous patch covering most of the surface
of each pleuron, a dense tuft of long fuscous hairs just behind
each wing base; posterior face of propodeum with mixed light and
dark hairs; discs of segments two to five with short but rather
dense black pubescence, all of these with dense orange apical
fasciae, that on segment one narrow, but those on all the othefs
very broad and conspicuous, and segment six with dense orange
tomentum and erect black hairs; scopa entirely orange.
Type, —Female; Mount San Lorenzo, Santa Marta, Colombia,
4500 ft., January 1, 1923, (M. A. Carriker), [Salt]. Paratypes .—
1 9 , topotypical, at 2500 ft., December 29,1922; 1 9 , Cincinnati,
Santa Marta, January 1, 1923, [Salt].
This is very close to M, intergradus Mitchell, but differs in the
orange color of the scopa and abdominal bands and in the more
general distribution of black pubescence. In intergradus the
scopa and abdominal bands are pale ochraceous and there is no
black pubescence on the propodeum, behind the wings or on the
basal abdominal segment.
Megachile imperator new species (Pis. X and XI)
Male, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle longer than broad; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of cl 5 '^peus entire; mandibles
4-dentate, each with a long narrow acute basal inferior projection,
186 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTEBA : MEOACHILIDAE)
the upper surface with conspicuous carina-like tubercles; cheeks
as broad as eyes, the inferior angle with a short pyramidal
projection; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli
subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of
flagellum fully twice the length of the pedicel, the following joints
three times the length of the pedicel, the apical one not wated;
front coxae bare anteriorly, without any red bristles, the spines
broad and flat, rounded apically; front femora strongly keeled
apically; front tarsi broadly dilated, the metatarsi excavated
anteriorly; mid tibiae longer than the metatarsi, with the usual
apical spur; hind femora considerably swollen, the tibiae long and
slightly bowed, the metatarsi short; abdomen short, broad and
parallel-sided, the apical margins of the segments slightly
depressed; dorsal surface of segment six vertical in position, the
Carina rather prominent, roundly emarginate medially, entire
laterally, apical margin with the median teeth carinate and very
low, the lateral teeth acute and more prominent; segment seven
inevident; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and close in general; relatively coarse and
distinct on vertex; fine and indistinct on cheeks; densely crowded
on mesonotum, scutellum and pleura; minute and dense on basal
abdominal segments, becoming more sparse on segment five;
minute, shallow and indistinct on segment six on which there are
also scattered minute tubercles; punctures on legs in general
sparse and minute, on tegulae minute and close.
Color: Black; antennae brownish-ferruginous; mandibles suf¬
fused with red; legs entirely pale ferruginous, the keel of the
front femur more yellowish; wings slightly infuscated, more so
apically, the nervures ferruginous; basal abdominal segment
suffused with ferruginous; spurs pale yellow.
Pubescence: Ochraceous on head and thorax, without black
admixture; more reddish on thorax above, 'paling to whitish
below; whitish on cheeks; long, dense and ochraceous on segments
one and two of abdomen, black on discs of segments three and four,
but these with basal appressed ochraceous tomentum; segment
five with appressed ochraceous tomentum on basal half, and erect
black hairs; segments one to five with entire ochraceous apical
fasciae; segment six with scattered long erect dark hairs, without
pale tomentum; front tarsi with white posterior fringes, tipped
with brown, and brownish beneath, more fulvous basally; mid
metatarsi with long thin white posterior hair fringes.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, November, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4136]. Paralypes .—5 o’, topotypical, October,
November and March, [A. N. S. P.j.
THEODORE BEBTIS MITCHELL
187
Megachile vemoniae Schrottky
1913. Megachile vernoniae Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 203.
Chapada and Pedra Branca, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., 6 c?]. Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer, 1 c?].
Megackile proserpina Schrottky
1902. Megachile nudiventris Schrottky (nec Smith), Rev. Mus. Paulista, v,
p. 439.
1908. Megachile proserpina Schrottky, An. Soc. Cient. Argen., lxv, p. 233.
1913. Megachile proserpina Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 156.
Chapada and Pedra Branca, Brazil, November, December and
April, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 12 9 ]. Buenavista, Bolivia,
[Meyer, 12 9].
This is very similar to toionaca Cresson, and may possibly be
only a color variety. The mandibles are somewhat similar to
brancoensis (PL XIV).
Megachile totonaca Cresson
1878. Megachile iotoruica Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vii, p. 117.
1911. Megachile totonaca Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 259.
1923. Megachile totonaca Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxiii. Art. 8, p. 1.
Chichen Itza, Yukatan, (E. Thompson), [Titus, 19].
Megachile brancoensis new species (PI. XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.25 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Length and breadth of face subequal; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus straight; mandibles
5-dentate, the two apical teeth and the three inner ones approxi¬
mate, a long cutting edge between the second and third; cheeks
below broader than eyes, slightly narrowed above; vertex slightly
convex, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli subequally
distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum
subequal in length to the second joint, slightly longer than the
pedicel; mid and hind metatarsi slightly shorter and considerably
narrower than the respective tibiae; claws with minute bas^
teeth; abdomen broadly cordate, considerably flattened, the hind
margins of the segments slightly depressed laterally but not
medially; segment six nearly straight laterally in dorsal aspect,
straight in profile with numerous erect hairs visible, the ventral
plate largely bare, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks above, sparse and quite
coarse below; fine and close on vertex and on clypeus laterally
and on upper margin, but scattered medially; more coarse on
supraclypeal area; moderately coarse on mesonotum, close except
TRANS. AM. RNT. SOC., LVI.
188 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
on median posterior portion; somewhat finer and more sparse on
scutellum; densely crowded and rather coarse on pleura; very
fine, close and indistinct on basal segments of abdomen, becoming
more coarse and distinctly separated on segment five, very
minute and crowded on segment six.
Color: Black; mandibles red on apical half except for the black
dentate margin; antennae beneath, tegulae and femora in large
part ferruginous, the other leg joints more piceous; spurs yel¬
lowish; wings dilute yellowish, the nervures more ferruginous.
Pubescence: Whitish between antennae, on cheeks, pleura and
basal leg joints; pale ochraceous at sides of face, on propodeum
and on basal segments of abdomen; brighter ochraceous on
vertex, mesonotum, scutellum and apical leg joints; clypeus with
thin appressed golden hairs and scattered longer erect dark hairs;
discs of segments two to five of abdomen with very short blackish
pubescence and entire narrow whitish apical fasciae; segment six
with appressed whitish tomentum and longer erect whitish hairs,
without black admixture; scopa silvery white, mostly black on
segments five and six, sternites two to five with broad entire
conspicuous white apical fasciae beneath the scopa.
Type, —Female; Pedra Branca, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no, 4141]. Paratypes .—1 9, Carino, Rio Branco,
Amazonas, August 31, 1924; 1 9, Buena vista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
1 9, Chapada, Brazil, January, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.j.
This species is apparently rather variable, as the specimen
from Chapada has broader, more ochraceous or fulvous abdominal
fasciae, but appears to be more a variant of the species, rather
than a distinct species.
Megachile illustris new species (Pis. X, XI and Xll)
Male, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle longer than broad; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus with a slight median
emargination; mandibles 4-dentate, with a robust basal inferior
projection which is polished and truncate apically, the inferior
margin of the mandible slightly angulate medially; cheeks as
broad as eyes, the posterior margin slightly angulate, with a bare
polished area below, this area tuberculate on the hind margin;
vertex flat, the hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli nearer
the eyes than to edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum about
twice the length of the pedicel, the following joints twice as long
as broad, the apical one broadly dilated and flattened; front
coxae bare and polished anteriorly, without red bristles, the spines
THEODORE BERIIS MITCHELL
189
flattened, broad basally, tapering apically; front trochanters
with a very short inconspicuous spine on the apical angle; front
femora slightly keeled beneath apically, margin between the
upper and antero-inferior faces rather sharply carinate basally;
front tarsi dilated, the metatarsi long, more broadly dilated
apically, but not much produced, deeply excavated anteriorly;
mid tibiae longer than the metatarsi, without an apical spur, but
with a slight apical protuberance; hind legs normal; abdomen
broad and rather short, apical margins of the segments depressed;
dorsal surface of segment six vertical in position, the carina
prominent, roundly emarginate medially, median teeth of the
apical margin broadly carinate, the lateral ones vestigial;
segment seven barely visible; four ventral plates visible.
Puncturation: Fine and densely crowded on cheeks, vertex,
mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and basal segments of abdomen,
becoming coarser and more distinctly separated on apical
abdominal segments; minute and rather close on tegulae; rather
sparse on legs.
Color: Black in general; antennae brownish; mandibles red
below, and labrum red; coxae and trochanters blackish, legs
otherwise ferniginous, but the front tarsi yellow, and the inner
faces of the front femora and tibiae ivory; tegulae ferruginous;
wings subhyaline, the nervures ferruginous; spurs pale yellow.
Pubescence: Entirely pale, with no black admixture; white on
cheeks, sternum and venter of abdomen, dense on cheeks below;
ochraceous on face, pleura and legs, dense on face; long and more
fulvous on vertex, thorax above, and basal abdominal segments;
shorter and somewhat darker on discs of apical abdominal
segments; segments two to four with entire conspicuous ochra¬
ceous apical fasciae; segment five fasciate only at extreme sides;
segments three to five with ochraceous tomentum basally, and
segment six largely covered with it; front tarsi with pale ochra¬
ceous posterior fringes, tipped with brownish; mid metatarsi with
very long thin posterior fringes of the same color.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil, March, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4142].
Mesrachile cordovensis new species (PI. XIII)
Female, —Size: I-ength, 14 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
Structure: Face much broader than long; eyes parallel; clypeus
extremely short medially, the thickened apical margin with a
deep median excavation and a more shallow excavation on each
side, these separated by pronounced ridges, the lateral angles of
upper face of clypeus produced somewhat over the bases of the
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LYI.
190 NEOTBOPICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
mandibles, the apical margin triangularly pointed medially, the
lower margin of the median excavation deeply incurved; man¬
dibles 4-dentate, the teeth acute, cutting edges between the
second, third and fourth teeth, base with a robust superior flared
projection extending beyond the tips of the lateral angles of the
clypeus; cheeks below broader than eyes, somewhat narrowed
above; vertex slightly convex, hind margin slightly incurved;
lateral ocelli much nearer to eyes than to edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum but slightly longer than the pedicel and the
second joint, these latter bsing subequal; mid and hind metatarsi
shorter and narrower than the respective tibiae; claws with sharp
basal teeth; abdomen rather ovoid, hind margins of the segments
quite strongly depressed laterally, but not medially; segment six
nearly straight laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile very nearly
straight with suberect hairs visible, the ventral plate largely bare,
with a distinct bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks above, coarse and
scattered below; rather fine and quite close on vertex medially,
more coarse and sparse laterally, with a small median impunctate
area on hind margin; coarse and contiguous on upper face of
clypeus; rather fine and close but distinctly separated on meso-
notum and scutellum; finr and close on pleura above, more coarse
below; fine and rather close on discs of abdominal segments
basally, becoming more coarse and scattered toward the apical
margin of each segment; very minute and crowded on segment
six.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely brownish beneath; tegulae
blackish or fuscous; wings subhyaline, slightly infuscated apically,
the nervures fuscous; spurs yellowish-ferruginous.
Pubescence: Creamy white on cheeks, around the pronotal
tubercles and tegulae, on propodeum and basal segment of
abdomen; whitish intermixed with fuscous hairs on face laterally
and between antennae; fuscous or blackish on clypeus, vertex,
mesonotum, scutellum, pleura, sternum, legs in large part, and
short and black on discs of abdominal segments; scutello-
mesothoracic suture whitish fasciate, and segments one to five of
abdomen with entire creamy-white apical fasciae; segment six
with brownish tomentum, intermixed laterally with some gre 5 dsh
tomentum, with erect black hairs visible at sides toward base;
scopa ochraceous, becoming somewhat fulvous apically, a few
blackish hairs on segment six.
Type. —Female; Cordova, Argentina, (Davis), [M. C. Z., no.
16209]. Paraiype .—1 ?, Pedra Branca, Brazil, April, (H. H.
Smith), [A. N. S. P.j.
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
191
Megachile pulchra Smith
1879. Megachile pvlchm Smith, Descr. N. Sp. Hjonen, Brit. Mus., p. 70.
1905. Megachile pulchra Cockerell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxi, p. 340.
1913. Megachile pvlchra Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 159.
1920. Megachile pulchra var. cachoeirerme Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista,
XII, p. 207.
Buenavista, Dep. Sta. Cruz, Bolivia, 450 m., [Meyer, 2 cf,
2 9].
The front tarsi of the male are somewhat similar to prietana
(PI. XI), and the clypeus and mandible of the female resemble
those of santaremensis (PI. XIII).
Megachile prietana new species (Pis. X, XI and XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle about as broad as long; eyes
subparallel; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially;
mandibles 4-dentate, with a basal inferior projection which is
deeply grooved between its apex and the base on the mandible;
cheeks subequal in width to eyes, with a de^ concavity and a
broad flattened triangular projection at the inferior angle; vertex
very nearly flat, hind margin very slightly incurved; lateral
ocelli slightly nearer eyes than to edge of vertex; basal joint of
flagellum twice as long as pedicel, the succeeding joints only
slightly longer, the apical one only slightly dilated and flattened;
front coxae bare and polished anteriorly, with rather broad,
flattened, slightly curved spines and a small tuft of reddish
bristles of about half the length of the spines immediately beside
each spine; front femora rather slender, but distinctly keeled
beneath apically; front tarsi broadly dilated, the metatarsus with
a large hollow scale-like anterior projection which is narrowly
produced apically to the tip of the second joint; mid tibia longer
than the metatarsus, produced apically into a rather short blunt
spine, without an apical spur; hind femora angulate on lower
margin one third of the length from the apex, the tibia slightly
longer and somewhat bowed; abdomen parallel-sided, the seg¬
ments narrowly depressed apically; dorsal surface of segment six
vertical in position, the carina low but evident, roundly emargi-
nate medially, median teeth of the apical margin of the segment
inevident, the lateral ones barely evident; segment seven with a
flattened ventral surface, not spined; four sternites visible.
Puncturation: Close and rather fine in general; shallow and
close on cheeks; more distinctly separated on vertex, scutellum
and pleura; crowded on mesonotum; fine and close on abdomen
throughout; minute and close on tegulae; mid and hind tibiae
polished and impunctate on outer faces apically.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
192 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTEBA : MEQACHILIDAE)
Color: Black in general; antennae (including scape), mandibles
(except margins of teeth), legs, tegulae, and basal segments of
abdomen beneath, ferruginous; front tarsi more yellowish or
amber, but the metatarsal scale ferruginous apically; wings
slightly yellowish, the nervures pale brownish-yellow.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous above on head, thorax, and
abdominal segments one to four; silvery white between antennae;
black on upper portion of clypeus; whitish on cheeks where it is
dense below, and white on pleura and legs; segment five with
intermixed short whitish and longer black pubescence; segment
six with rather dense appressed white tomentum and scattered
erect black and white hairs; segments one to five with entire
dense ochraceous apical fasciae; front tarsus with a rather short
posterior fringe of fulvous and whitish hairs, and mid metatarsus
with a thin white posterior fringe.
Type. —Male; Prieta, Republic of Honduras, April 7, 1924,
[Meyer]. Paratype .—1 o', topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachile curvipes Smith (Pis. X, XI and XII)
1853. Mcgachile curvipes Smith, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., i, p. 187.
1909. Megachile curvipes Vachal, Rev. d’Ent., xxviii, p. 17.
1913. Megachile curvipes Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 200.
Chapada and Pedra Branca, Brazil, November, January-April,
(H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 30 o']. Rio Frio, Magdalena,
Colombia, January 9, 1927, (Salt, 1 cf).
This is very similar to prietana but differs in the following
respects: Mandibles blackish; first joint of flagellum only half the
length of the second; segments three to six of abdomen largely
black pubescent on discs, and segment five lacking the apical
fascia; segment six with a rather large and deep median concavity
just above carina.
Megachile furcate Vachal (Pis. X, XI, XII and XIII)
1909. Megachile furcata Vachal, Rev. d’Ent., xxviii, p. 10.
Rio Frio, Clenaga and Tucurinca, Magdalena, Colombia,
November-May and August, on flowers of Tribulus cistoides,
[Salt, 3 o', 13 9].
Correlation of the sexes of this species was made possible
because of its close affinity with M. pruina Smith and M. sidalceae
Cockerell from North America; and since the female has never
been noted before, it is described in detail.
THEODOBE BERTIS MITCHELL
193
Female, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle slightly longer than broad; eyes
slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus with a sHght
median denticle, otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the two
apical teeth approximate, the other two rather distant, with
cutting edges between the second, third and fourth teeth; cheeks
below subequal to eyes in width, slightly narrower above; vertex
flat, hind margin strongly incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer
edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum almost twice
the length of the pedicel, slightly longer than joint two; mid and
hind metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower than the respective
tibiae; claws with very flne basal teeth; abdomen cordate, the
apical margins of the segments strongly depressed laterally;
segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in
profile straight with numerous suberect hairs visible, the ventral
plate largely bare, with a definite bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and rather close on cheeks, face and vertex
medially, more sparse and irregular on vertex laterally; more
coarse on clypeus, rather scattered medially, the supraclypeal
area largely impunctate medially; fine and rather close on
mesonotum anteriorly, more widely separated posteriorly and on
scutellum; fine and close on pleura above, coarser and more
definitely separated below; very fine and quite close on abdomen
basally, becoming coarse and more widely spaced apically, but
segment six very closely punctate.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely ferruginous beneath; tegulae
more fuscous, yellowish on anterior margin; wings subhyaline,
faintly clouded apically, the nervures fuscous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Pure white on face, clypeus, cheeks, pleura,
propodeum, basal segment of abdomen, and legs in large part,
densely so at sides of face, between antennae, on cheeks, around
pronotal tubercles, and a white tuft at each posterior lateral
angle of mesonotum; black on vertex, disc of mesonotum,
scutellum, and discs of segments two to five of abdomen; more
fuscous on sternum and on outer face of front tibia; brownish on
outer face of mid metatarsus; scutello-mesothoracic suture white
'fasciate; abdominal segments one to five with entire dense white
apical fasciae; segment six with whitish appressed tomentum and
erect black hairs; scopa pure white, black on segment six, and a
few apical black hairs on segment five laterally.
Megachile chapadiana Mitchell
1929. Megachile chapadiana Mitchell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., liv, p. 346.
Buena vista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, [Mitchell, I paiatype cT].
TRANS. AM. RNT. SOC., LVI.
194 NEOTROPICAL MEGA CHILE (hTMENOPTEBA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile timida new species (PI. XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle slightly broader above than it is
long; eyes slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus
entire, very slightly incurved; mandibles 4-dentate, the two
apical teeth approximate, with cutting edges between the second,
third and fourth; cheeks slightly narrower than eyes, not much
narrowed above; vertex flat, hind margin strongly incurved;
lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal
joint of flagellum about twice the length of the pedicel, the second
joint only slightly longer than the pedicel, the following joints
gradually increasing in length to the apical one; mid and hind
metatarsi only slightly shorter and narrower than the respective
tibiae, mid tarsal joints with the apical fringe of red bristles
beneath; claws with acute basal teeth; abdomen cordate, the
hind margins of the segments but very slightly depressed laterally;
segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect and
in profile, with suberect hairs visible in profile, the ventral plate
bare on apical half, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on head except on clypeus and
supraclypeal area, where the punctures are much coarser and are
sparse medially; crowded on thorax, finely so above, more
coarsely so on pleura; minute and dense on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae, legs and tegulae clear ferruginous;
wings faintly yellowish, with ferruginous nervures; spurs yel¬
lowish-ferruginous.
Pubescence: Fulvous on vertex and on thorax above, quite
dense on the latter, fading to pale ochraceous on face, clypeus,
cheeks, pleura, sternum, legs, and basal segments of abdomen,
without black admixture; discs of segments three to five, and
segment two laterally with short black pubescence, but this
interrupted on segments four and five by dense yellow tomentum
medially; segments two to five with broad entire dense yellow
apical fasciae; segment six with much suberect black pubescence
and thin inconspicuous silvery pruinosity; scopa white on seg¬
ments two to four, black on segments five and six, and also on
segments three and four at extreme sides.
Type, —Female; Chapada, Brazil, January, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4140].
Meg^achile santaremensis new species (PL XIII)
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
THEODOBE BEBTIS MITCHELL
195
Structure: Facial quadrangle about as broad as long; eyes very
slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus subemarginate
medially; mandibles 4-dentate, teeth acute, the three apical ones
approximate, cutting edges between the second, third and fourth;
cheeks below as broad as eyes, narrower above; vertex flat, hind
margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from
eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum slightly longer
than the second joint, and this slightly longer than the pedicel;
mid and hind metatarsi shorter than the respective tibiae, the
hind ones fully as wide as the tibiae; claws with minute seta-like
basal teeth; abdomen broadly cordate, the hind margins of
segments three to five narrowly depressed; segment six straight
laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight with erect hairs
visible basally, ventral plate largely bare, with a distinct bare
apical lip.
Puncturation: Shallow on cheeks, rather sparse below, close
and fine on vertex and face, more coarse and sparse on the
shining clypeus and supraclypeal area; fine and close, but not
densely crowded, on mcsonotum; fine and quite sparse on
scutellum; close on pleura, fine above, more coarse below; fine on
abdomen, rather close laterally, but more sparse medially, minute
and close on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae and tegulae bright ferruginous; legs
reddish-ferruginous; mandibles deep red apically except tfc
dentate margin; wings yellowish, the nervures yellowish-fer¬
ruginous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish on face laterally and between antennae,
on cheeks, pleura, sternum, propodeum, basal segments of
abdomen, and legs in large part; fuscous on clypeus; pale ochra-
ceous on vertex, which is also covered with fine appressed
ochraceous tomentum, as also on dorsum of thorax, more fulvous
just above wing bases; short and inconspicuous but mostly
whitish on abdomen, a few black hairs evident laterally and on
apical segments; segments two to five with narrow entire white
apical fasciae; segment six with appressed whitish tomentum and
basal erect black hairs; scopa white basally and medially, black
laterally on segments three and four, mostly black on segments
five and six, and segment five showing evidences of an apical white
fascia beneath the scopa.
Type. —Female; Santarem, Brazil, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.,
no. 4139]. Paratypes .—2 9, topotypical; 1 9, (locality inde¬
cipherable), April, [A. N. S. P.j.
TRANS. AM. XNT. SOC., LTI.
196 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile foMoris Smith (PL XIII)
1879. Megachile fo88ori8 Smith, Descr. N. Sp. Hym. Brit. Mus., p. 75.
1908. Megachile fo88ori8 var. leucocentra Schrottky, An. Soc. Cien. Argentina,
Lxv, p. 236.
1913. Megachile fo88ori8 levcocentra Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 165.
1920. Megachile foseoris Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, xii, p. 198.
1920. Megachile fos8oris levcocentra Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulistri, xii, p. 236.
Chapada and Pedra Branca, Brazil, March and April, (H. H.
Smith), [A. N. S. P., 14 9]. Villarrica, Paraguay, December
and January, [Meyer, 4 9]. Compared with type (Waterston).
Megachile azteca Cresson (PI. XIII)
1878. Megachile azteca Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vii, p. 119.
1896. Megachile rhodopus Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), xviii, p. 287.
1911. Mcgachile azteca Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 245.
1911. Megachile rhodopus Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 245.
Mexico, [A. N. S. P., 19]. Buenavista, Dep. Sta. Cruz,
Bolivia, [Meyer, 12 9]. Mount Redondo, Costa Rica, [A. N.
S. P.,1 9].
Megachile hoffmannseggiae Joergensen
1912. Megachile hoffmannseggiae Joergensen, Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Syst., xxxii,
p. 130.
1927. Megachile hoffmannseggiae var. hypoleuca Cockerell, Ann. Ent. Soc.
Am., XX, p. 395.
Carcarana, Argentina, [A. N. S. P., 19].
The clypeus and mandibles resemble morosa (PL XIII).
Megachile inscita new species (Pis. X, XI, XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle longer than broa4; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus with a shallow median
emargination, otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the inferior
projection basal, with an acute angle in center of lower margin;
cheeks as broad as eyes, with a low pyramidal projection on
lower angle, but this area thinly pubescent; vertex flat, hind
margin incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and
edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum definitely longer than the
pedicel, the following joints twice as long as broad, the apical one
three times as long but not dilated; front coxae bare anteriorly,
with a small obscure patch of ferruginous bristles near the base
of the short spine; front femora keeled beneath apically, and the
upper margin of the posterior face apically sharply carinate;
front tarsi dilated, the metatarsus equal to joints two to four in
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
197
length, excavated on anterior margin; mid tibiae slightly longer
than the metatarsi, terminated by a rather blunt spine, without
the usual spur; hind tarsi slender; abdomen with apical margins
of segments depressed; dorsal surface of segment six vertical in
position, the carina conspicuous, quite evenly and deeply emar-
ginate medially, very slightly crenulate laterally, median teeth of
apical margin inevident, the lateral teeth minute but acute;
four sternites visible.
Puncturation: Very close and fine throughout; minute and
dense on cheeks; more coarse and distinct on vertex; dense on
mesonotum with intervening spaces barely evident; minute but
not crowded on abdomen.
Color: Black in general; antennae brownish beneath; front
femora pale ferruginous except for the apical half of the posterior
face; front tibiae blackish on outer face, yellowish-ferruginous on
the two inner faces; all the tarsi pale yellow, the mid and hind
ones narrowly rimmed with black posteriorly; tegulae fuscous;
wings subhyaline, the nervures fuscous to ferruginous; spurs pale
yellow.
Pubescence: White on cheeks, legs, pleura, propodeum, and
basal segment of abdomen; blackish on vertex, mesonotum,
scutellum and discs of segments two to five of abdomen; cream-
color on face, without black admixture; scutello-mesothoracic
suture white fasciate and a small white tuft behind each tegula;
abdominal segments two to five with entire cream-colored apical
fasciae, segment five with thin but evident creamy tomentum
and conspicuous erect black hairs; segment six above densely
covered with creamy tomentum, entirely hiding the surface, with
a very few erect dark hairs; front tarsus with a white posterior
fringe, this blackish beneath; mid tarsus also with a thinner
white posterior fringe.
Type. —Male; Pedra Branca, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4146]. Paratypes .—5 cT, topotypical, [A. N.
S. P.j.
Megachile agrestis new species (Pis. X, XI and XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
. Structure: Facial quadrangle longer than wide; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved
medially; mandibles 4-dentate, with a robust basal inferior
projection, the lower margin acutely and strongly angulate or
toothed medially; cheeks subequal in width to eyes, slightly
protuberant below; vertex flat, hind margin slightly incurved;
lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex;
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
198 NBOTBOFicAii MEOACHiLi: (htmenoptera : mboachilidab)
basal joint of flagellum considerably longer than the pedicel, the
following joints twice the length of the pedicel, the apical one
not dilated; front coxae bare anteriorly, with a rather obscure
patch of ferruginous bristles at the base of the moderately long
and slender spines; front femora keeled beneath apically, the
upper margin of the posterior face acute but hardly carinate;
front tarsi broadly dilated, the metatarsus almost as long as the
other joints combined, deeply excavated anteriorly, only slightly
produced apically; mid tibia longer than the metatarsus, without
an apical spur, but with a rather robust apical spine-like pro¬
jection; abdomen rather long and parallel-sided, the apical
margins of the segments narrowly but deeply depressed; dorsal
surface of segment six almost vertical, the carina prominent,
evenly rounded on each side of the broad semicircular median
emargination, apical margin of the segment with inconspicuous
carinate median teeth, the lateral teeth acute and relatively
conspicuous; segment seven conspicuous, with a sharply carinate
apical margin; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Very fine, shallow and close on checks; fine and
close on mesonotum; somewhat more sparse on scutellum; rather
widely separated on vertex; very close W more coarse on pleura;
fine and close on basal segments of abdomen, becoming more
sparse on the shining apical segments, but segment six finely
rugoso-punctate; femora polished, with only widely scattered
punctures, the tibiae more closely and regularly punctured.
Color: Black; antennae more piceous below; mandibles red¬
dened apically; front trochanters and femora largely reddish-
yellow, outer faces of femora apically blackish except for the
yellow keel; front tibiae blackish on outer face except the yellow
apex, reddish-yellow on the two inner faces; mid tibiae also
yellow at extreme apex; all the tarsi yellow, but the mid and hind
ones edged with black posteriorly; tcgulae bronzy-ferruginous;
wings subhyaline, somewhat infuscated apically, nervures fer¬
ruginous to fuscous; spurs yellow.
Pubescence: Entirely pale ochraceous, without black admix¬
ture, on head, thorax, legs, and basal segments of abdomen;
more whitish and dense on cheeks below; thin and more silvery
on apical abdominal segments, without any definitely black
pubescence and without appressed tomentum; segments one to
five with entire, narrow, pale, apical fasciae, more ochraceous on
basal segments, but becoming white apically; front tarsal fringe
white above, more ferru^nous beneath; mid and hind tarsal
fringes thin and entirely silvery-white.
Type. —Male; Cordova, Argentina, (Davis), [M. C. Z., no.
16200 ].
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
199
Megachile argentine Friese
1906. Megachile argentina Friese, Flora o. Fauna, (Silkeborg), in, p. 95.
1908. Megachile argentina Friese, Apid. v. Argentina, (Silkeborg), p. 65.
1909. Megachile argentina Joergensen, D. Ent. Zeitschr., 1909, p. 214.
1912. Megachile argentina Joergensen, Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Syst, xxxii, p. 125.
1912. Megachile argentina var. versicolor Joergensen, Zool. Jahrb., Abth.
Syst., XXXII, p. 132.
San Juan, Argentina, March 4, 1914, [Titus, 6 9].
Megachile pollinosa Spinola (Pis. X, XI and XIII)
1851. Megachile pollinosa Spinola, Hist. Fis. Chile, Zool., vi, p. 178.
1904. Megachile pollinosa Friese, Zeitschr. Syst. Hym. Dipt., iv, p. 186.
1905. Megachile pollinosa Cockerell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxi, p. 338.
1905. Megachile pollinosa Friese, Zeitschr. Syst. Hym. Dipt., v, p. 138.
1909. Megachile pollinosa Vachal, Rev. d’Ent., xxviii, p. 14.
1917. Megachile pollinosa Herbst, D. Ent. Zeitschr., 1917, p. 268.
Santiago, Chile, [Mitchell, 5 cT, 8 9].
Megachile velhoensia new species (Pis. X, XII and XIII)
Male, —Size: Length, 10-11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5
mm.; anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the
inferior projection basal, acute, with a mere suggestion of an
angle toward the apex of the mandible; cheeks subequal in width
to eyes; vertex flat, posterior margin incurved; lateral ocelli
slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
almost twice the length of the pedicel, but very slightly shorter
than the second or following joints, the apical one neither dilated
nor flattened; coxal spines of moderate length, flattened; front
femora keeled beneath apically, slightly carinate above this keel;
front tarsi broadly dilated, anterior margin of the metatarsus
excavated, about equal in length to the three following joints
combined; mid tibia with an apical spine-like projection, but
lacking the usual apical spur; apical margins of abdominal
segments hardly depressed medially, but distinctly depressed
laterally; segment six vertical in position, the carina low, but
with a distinct median circular emargination, apical margin of the
segment with very low carina-like median teeth, the lateral teeth
acute; segment seven hardly visible; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and close throughout, densely crowded on
vertex, mesonotum and basal abdominal segments, segment six
slightly more coarsely rugoso-punctate.
Color; Black; antennae ferruginous beneath; coxae black;
trochanters black except front pair, which are yellowish, with
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
200 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
the femora and tibiae ferruginous; all the tarsi yellow; tegulae
blackish; wings lightly infuscated, more deeply so apically, the
nervures piceous.
Pubescence: Pale yellowish on head, thorax and basal segments
of abdomen; more whitish on pleura and legs; a slight admixture
of fuscous in center of mesonotum; front tarsal fringes brownish-
yellow, tipped with brown, mid tarsal fringe white; discs of
abdominal segments three and four with black pubescence, that on
segments five and six largely pale; segments one to five with entire
conspicuous yellow apical fasciae.
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Length of face about equal to breadth above; eyes
slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus minutely
denticulate medially; mandibles 4-dentate, cutting edges between
the second, third and fourth teeth; cheeks hardly as broad as
eyes; vertex flat, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli much
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum twice
the length of the pedicel, and slightly longer than the second
joint; hind metatarsi about as broad and but slightly shorter
than their tibiae; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate,
apical margins of the segments not at all depressed medially
and but slightly so laterally; segment six straight in profile,
slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, the ventral plate bare
except for the marginal fringe, with a bare lip projecting beyond
the apical fringe.
Puncturation: Relatively coarse and distinct on clypeus, more
distinctly separated medially, as also on vertex; fine and densely
crowded on cheeks and on dorsum of thorax; more coarse and
sparse on pleura and sternum; minute and close on abdomen
throughout.
Color: Black; antennae dull ferruginous below; legs ferruginous
except for the black coxae and trochanters; tegulae black, with a
pale anterior rim; wings lightly infuscated, more deeply so
apically, the nervures piceous.
Pubescence: Yellowish on face, pleura above, margins of
mesonotum, propodeum, and basal segment of abdomen; scutello-
mesothoracic suture conspicuously yellowish-fasciate; whitish on
cheeks, pleura below and legs; blackish on vertex, mesonotum,
scutellum, and discs of abdominal segments two to five; segments
one to five with entire conspicuous yellowish apical fasciae;
segment six with greyish tomentum, becoming dark along the
median line, with erect black hairs toward the sides; scopa white,
black at extreme sides of segments four and five, and largely
black on segment six.
THEODORE BEBTIS MITCHELL
201
Type. —Male; Porto Velho, Brazil, (Stanford Expedition;
Mann and Baker), [M. C. Z., no. 16199]. Allotype .— 9, topo-
typical. Paratypes .—1 c? and 2 9, topotypical, [M. C. Z.j.
Megachile arabilis new species (Pis. X, XI and XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 8.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 6.5 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes subparallel; mandibles
4-dentate, with a robust acute basal inferior projection, the lower
margin not angulate medially; cheeks not quite equal to eyes in
width, simple below; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral
ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum slightly longer than pedicel, the following joints
about twice this length, the apical one not appreciably dilated;
front coxae largely bare anteriorly, without red bristles, with
flattened spines of moderate length; front femora strongly keeled
beneath apically, the upper margin of the posterior face opposite
this keel strongly carinate; front tarsi broadly dilated, the
metatarsus deeply excavated anteriorly, somewhat produced
apically but not attaining tip of second joint; mid tibia longer
than the metatarsus, without an apical spur, but with a long
slender apical spine and a low subapical protuberance; abdomen
quite short and broad, the apical margins of the segments only
slightly depressed medially, more deeply so laterally; dorsal
surface of segment six vertical in position, the carina quite
conspicuous, rounded on each side of the small median semi¬
circular emargination, apical margin of the segment with carinate
median teeth, the lateral ones acute, fairly conspicuous; segment
seven inevident; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and close but not crowded on vertex,
mesonotum and pleura; shallow and close on cheeks; dense on
face and clypeus; relatively sparse on the shining scutellum;
minute and close on abdomen; segment six very finely rugoso-
punctate, and with scattered minute denticles.
Color: Black; antennae dark ferruginous; mandibles reddish
apically; tegulae and legs pale ferruginous, the front tarsi more
yellowish-ferruginous; abdominal sternites bronzy-ferruginous;
wings dilute yellowish, the nervures ferruginous.
Pubescence: Entirely fulvous on vertex and dorsum of thorax;
more ochraceous on face, pleura, propodeum, legs, and basal
abdominal segments; whitish on cheeks below and on sternum;
clypeus with dense pale pubescence, and with erect black hairs
above; segments four and five of abdomen with dense ochraceous
tomentum on basal half, with numerous erect black hairs on
segment five, as also on segment four apically, and on disc of
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LYI.
202 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAB)
segment three laterally; segments two to four with entire ochra-
ceous apical fasciae, with slight evidences of a whitish fascia on
segment five, segment six with only erect black hairs; front
tarsal fringe quite long and dense, pale ochraceous without,
brownish at tip and beneath; posterior fringe of mid tarsi very
thin, silvery.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.,
no. 4145].
Megachile perita new species (Pis. X, XI and XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle somewhat longer than broad;
eyes very slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus
slightly incurved medially; mandibles 4-dentate, with a short
acute basal inferior projection; cheeks about as broad as eyes,
neither bare nor tuberculate below; vertex flat, hind margin
slightly incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and
edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum almost twice the length
of the pedicel, the following joints three times the length of the
pedicel, the apical one not dilated; front coxae bare anteriorly,
without red bristles, the spines broad and flat, rounded apically;
front femora strongly keeled apically, the posterior face carinate
on the margin opposite the keel; front tarsi dilated, the metatarsi
excavated anteriorly; mid tibia longer than the metatarsus,
without an apical spur, but with a spine-like apical projection;
abdomen short and rather broad, the apical margins of the seg¬
ments slightly depressed; dorsal surface of segment six vertical in
position, the carina prominent, with a slight median emargination,
regularly rounded on each side, apical margin of the segment
with scarcely discernible median teeth, the lateral teeth minute
and acute; segment seven barely visible, obtuse; four sternites
exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and dense throughout; more distinct on
vertex medially, on scutellum, and on pleura below; shallow and
indistinct on cheeks; densely crowded'j<dn mesonotum, vertex
laterally, and on entire abdomen; segment six also with very
minute scattered denticles; punctures on legs relatively sparse.
Color: Black in general; antennae dull ferruginous; front
femora largely ferruginous, the keel yellowish, the upper half of
the posterior face above the keel blackish; front tibiae ferrugi¬
nous, but the outer face more or less blackened; front tarsi
reddish-yellow; mid and hind legs piceous, suffused with red;
tegulae yellowish-ferruginous; wings subhyaline or slightly
yellowish, the nervures ferruginous; front and hind spurs pale
yellow.
THEODOBB BERTI8 MITCHELL
203
Pubescence: White on face, with a black fringe on upper
margin of clypeus, and scattered black hairs at sides of face,
dense and white on cheeks below; fulvous on vertex and thorax
above, more whitish on thorax laterally and posteriorly; whitish
on legs; long and ochraceous on segments one and two of abdomen,
segment three with a dense black band on disc, and a slight
amount of black at sides of segments two and four, segment four
and base of segment five covered with dense ochraceous tomen-
tum, the latter with long erect black hairs; segments one to four
with entire ochraceous apical fasciae, segment five being not
fasciate, and segment six without pale tomentum but with
scattered erect dark hairs; front tarsal fringe ochraceous basally,
white apically, but tipped with brownish; mid metatarsus with a
long thin ochraceous posterior fringe; hind metatarsi fringed
with blackish or deep reddish hairs on both margins.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil, May, (H. H. Smith), [A. N.
S. P., no. 4147].
Megachile gomphrenae Ilolmberg
1886. Megachile gomphrenae Holmberg, Act. Acad. Nac. Cien. Cordoba, v,
p. 140.
1908. Megachile gomphrenae var. saltensis Friese, Apid. v. Argentina, (Silke-
borg), p. 65.
1909. Mcgachile gomphrenae Joergensen, D. Ent. Zeitschr., 1909, p. 213.
1909. Megachile gomphrenae var. Schrottky, Anal. Soc. Cien. Argentina,
Lxviii, p. 268.
1913. Megachile gomphrenae Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 178.
Carcarana, Argentina, [A. N. S. P., 1 c?; det. Cockerell],
Megachile manaosensis new species (Pis. X, XI and XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle slightly longer than broad; eyes
slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus with a
rounded median emargination; mandibles 4-dentate, with an
acute basal inferior projection, slightly angulate medially on the
inferior margin; cheeks about as broad as eyes, the inferior angle
with a triangular carinate protuberance; vertex very slightly
rounded, the hind margin very slightly incurved; lateral ocelli
subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of
fiagellum somewhat longer than the pedicel, the follov/ing joints
about twice as long as broad, the apical one slightly dilated and
flattened; front coxae bare anteriorly, without red bristles, the
spines somewhat flattened but rather narrow, about three times
as long as broad; front femora slightly keeled apically, but not
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
204 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
carinate on upper margin of posterior face; front tarsi only
slightly dilated, the metatarsi long, narrow and parallel-sided,
rather deeply excavated anteriorly; mid tibia longer than the
metatarsus, without an apical spur, with a robust subapical
triangular projection; abdomen narrow and parallel-sided, apical
margins of the segments narrowly but deeply depressed; dorsal
surface of segment six vertical in position, the carina rather low,
roundly emarginate medially, apical margin of the segment with
low but evident median carinate teeth, the lateral teeth vestigial;
segment seven obtuse; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Uniformly fine and dense throughout, especially
minute and densely crowded on mesonotum, relatively sparse and
indistinct on the legs.
Color: Black in general; antennae blackish; legs beyond the
trochanters ferruginous, the tarsi yellowish but the mid and hind
tarsi suffused with red; tegulae yellowish-ferruginous; wings
slightly infuscated, slightly violaceous, the nervures deep fer¬
ruginous to fuscous; spurs pale yellow.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous on face, vertex, thorax above,
and basal abdominal segments, dense on face without black
admixture, thin on vertex, mesonotum and scutellum, but meso¬
notum with dense ochraceous tomentum anteriorly, with a similar
dense patch behind each tegula, and a fascia in the scutello-
mesothoracic suture; puliescence white on cheeks, thorax below,
and legs; discs of segments three and four with very short blackish
pubescence, as also segment two laterally; segments one to three
with entire narrow ochraceous apical fasciae, and segment four
with a similar basal fascia, being also fasciate apically, but this
broadly interrupted medially; basal half of segment five covered
with dense ochraceous tomentum, pubescence otherwise short,
erect, thin and pale; segment six entirely covered with very
dense pale ochraceous tomentum, with a few erect pale hairs;
second and third sternites white fasciate apically; front tarsal
fringes rather short and dense, white, slightly brownish beneath;
mid tarsus with a long thin white posterior fringe.
Type, —Male; Flores, Manaos, Amazonas, Brazil, August 2,
1924, [Meyer].
Megachile infinita new species (PI. Xll)
Male, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7.6 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle longer than broad; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus slightly emarginate
medially; mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection;
cheeks nearly as broad as eyes, not protuberant below; vertex
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
205
slightly rounded, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli
subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of
flagellum about equal to pedicel in length, the following joints
twice this length, the apical one not dilated; front coxae thinly
pubescent anteriorly, the spines flattened, about twice as long
as the width at base; front femora not keeled; front tarsi dilated,
the second joint about as long as the metatarsus, which is not
excavated anteriorly; mid tibia longer than the metatarsus, with
the usual apical spur; abdomen rather short and broad, apical
margins of the segments depressed; dorsal surface of segment six
vertical in position, slightly protuberant medially toward base,
the carina low, broadly incurved medially, apical margin of the
segment without evident teeth; segment seven barely visible;
four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Close and rather fine in general; crowded on
cheeks, clypeus, mesonotum and pleura, more distinctly separated
on vertex and scutellum; very fine on abdomen, crowded on
basal segments, more distinctly separated on apical segments,
densely crowded on segment six; minute and rather close on
tegulae, variable on legs.
Color: Black in general; antennae ferruginous beneath, more
brownish above; mandibles suffused with red; legs entirely
ferruginous, the front tarsi more yellowish; tegulae yellowish-
ferruginous; wings slightly infuscated, violaceous apically, the
nervures ferruginous; spurs pale ferruginous.
Pubescence: Entirely pale on head and thorax, and on abdomen
except discs of segments three and four, which are black pubescent;
white on cheeks, sternum, legs and venter of abdomen, dense on
cheeks below; cream color on face, dense except on upper half of
clypeus; ochraceous on vertex, thorax laterally and posteriorly,
and on most of abdomen; more fulvous on thorax dorsally;
segments one to five with entire, pale ochraceous, apical fasciae;
segment six largely covered with thin, subappressed silvery
pubescence; front tarsal fringes reddish-ochraceous, and mid
metatarsi with similar but thinner fringes.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil, October, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4134].
Megachile bemardina Schrottky
1913. Megachile bemardina Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 209.
Pedra Branca, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 1 c?*].
The front tarsi are somewhat similar to Candida (PI. XI), but
the anterior margins of the metatarsus are more concave.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVl.
206 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hTMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile Candida Smith (Pis. X, XI and XIII)
1879. Megachile Candida Smith, Descr. N. Sp. Hym. Brit. Mus., p. 82.
1896. Megachile Candida Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), xviii, p. 286.
1911. Megachfile Candida Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 257.
Kartabo, British Guiana, July-August, 1920, (Wheeler),
[M. C. Z., 1 cf, 5 9]. Cerro Patron, 4000 ft., ^o Frio and
Sevilla, Magdalena, Colombia, September, November and De¬
cember, (Salt, 1 o', 2 9). Chichen Itza, Yukatan, [Titus, 19].
Prieta, British Honduras, [Meyer, 4 9]. Guadalajara, Mexico,
[A. N. S. P., 2 9]. Mexico, [A. N. S. P., 8 9]. Trinidad
Island, June, July and October, 1902, (Chapman), [Titus, 8 cf,
2 9 ].
Megachile candidella new species (PI. XIII)
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle nearly square; eyes subparallel;
apical margin of clypeus with a small emargination on each side
of a median tubercle; mandibles 4-dentate, the two median teeth
approximate, deeply emarginate between the third and fourth
where there is also a straight cutting edge; cheeks below as broad
as eyes, narrowed above; vertex flat, land margin incurved;
lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal
joint of flagellum twice the length of the pedicel, the second one
slightly shorter; mid and hind metatarsi but slightly shorter and
narrower than their respective tibiae,-the joints of the mid tarsi
with a quite regular apical fringe of strong reddish bristles
beneath; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate, the
apical margins of the segments only slightly depressed; segment
six straight laterally in dorsal aspect, and straight in profile with
no erect hairs visible, the ventral plate largely bare, with a bare
apical hp.
Puncturation: Coarse, deep and well separated on clypeus and
supraclypeal area; much finer and closer on vertex and cheeks;
very fine and densely crowded on mesonotum and scutellum, but
not so densely crowded on pleura where they are coarser below;
fine and close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely brownish-ferruginous be¬
neath; mandibles obscurely reddish; tegulae picedus medially,
more yellowish marginally; wings subhyaline, slightly infuscated
in region of radial cell, the nervures ferruginous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous on head, thorax and basal
abdominal segments, with no black intermixture, dense at sides
of face, the mesonotum with some whitish appressed tomentum
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
207
anteriorly, and a similar fascia in the scutello-mesothoracic
suture; discs of segments three to five with short inconspicuous
fuscous pubescence, paling to yellow apically, segments one to
five with entire dense ochraceous apical fasciae, these narrowed
medially on the more basal segments; segment six entirely
covered with dense ochraceous tomentum, with longer erect
golden hairs laterally; scopa entirely ochraceous.
Type, —Female; Mexico, [A. N. S. P., no. 4149].
This is closely related to M, Candida Smith, but the latter may
be easily distinguished by the grejdsh tomentum and erect black
hairs of segment six. Recognition of the male of this new form
is necessary before we can be certain that it is distinct from
Candida, and a series of females is also desirable.
Megachile villarricensis new species (PL XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle about as broad as long; eyes
subparallel; apical margin of clypeus slightly emarginate on each
side of a median denticle; mandibles 4-dcntate, the two median
teeth approximate, deeply emarginate between the third and
fourth where there is a straight cutting edge; cheeks about as
broad as eyes, at least below, slightly narrowed above; vertex
flat, hind margin very slightly incurved; lateral ocelli subequally
distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum
not quite twice the length of the pedicel, slightly longer than the
second joint, the apical one considerably longer; mid and hind
metatarsi only slightly shorter and narrower than the respective
tibiae, the joints of the mid tarsi fringed beneath apically with an
even row of strong red bristles; claws with strong basal teeth;
abdomen cordate, the hind margins of the segments somewhat
depressed; segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal
aspect, straight in profile, with only suberect hairs toward the
base visible in profile, the ventral plate largely bare, with a
distinct bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Rather close and fine on vertex medially, and on
cheeks, more definitely separated on vertex laterally; coarse and
distinct on clypeus, with shining intervening spaces, more sparse
on the supraclypeal area; densely crowded on thorax, finely so
above, more coarsely so on pleura; very fine and close on ab¬
domen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely brownish-fuscous beneath;
tegulae reddish-piceous; wings very slightly infuscated, the
nervures fuscous; spurs yellowish; hind metatarsi suffused with
red basally.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
208 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hTMENOPTBRA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Pubescence; Whitish and rather short and thin on head and
thorax, with longer dark hairs on clypeus, vertex, between
antennae, on scutellum, and scattered shorter ones on meso-
notum; a slight amount of white tomentum in scutello-meso-
thoracic suture and on lower margin of scutellum; legs and basal
segment of abdomen white pubescent; discs of segments two to
five with short erect black pubescence, segments one to five with
entire whitish apical fasciae, thin on the basal segments, broad
and dense on the apical ones; segment six rather densely covered
with brownish-grey appressed pubescence, with erect black hairs
which are longer laterally; scopa pale ochraceous, blackish at
extreme sides of segments three to six.
Type, —Female; Villarrica, Paraguay, February, 1923, [Meyer].
Paraiypes ,—5 9 , topotypical, November and February, [Meyer].
This also is closely allied to M, Candida Smith.
Megachile civilis new species (PL XIII)
Female, —Size; Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure; Facial quadrangle slightly broader than long; eyes
subparallel; apical margin of clypeus with a rather strong median
denticle and two weaker lateral denticles; mandibles 4-dentate,
the two median teeth approximate, the third quite broadly
truncate, a cutting edge between the third and fourth; cheeks
below about as broad as eyes, somewhat narrower above;
vertex almost flat, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli sub-
equally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of
flagellum almost twice the length of the pedicel, the second joint
but slightly longer than the pedicel, the apical one much the
longest; mid and hind metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower
than the respective tibiae, the joints of the mid tarsi fringed
beneath at apex with red bristles; claws with basal teeth; abdomen
cordate, the apical margins of the segments slightly depressed
laterally; segment six slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect,
straight in profile, with numerous rather short erect hairs visible
in profile, the ventral plate largely bare, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation; Fine and close on vertex and face, somewhat
more sparse between ocelli; shallow and close on cheeks; coarser
and deeper on clypeus, close laterally, distinctly separated
medially; densely crowded on thorax, finely so above, more
coarsely so on pleura; very fine and close on abdomen throughout.
Color; Black; antennae obscurely reddish-brown below; man¬
dibles and hind legs slightly suffused with red; tegulae dark
bronzy-red; wings sHghtly infuscated, the nervures piceous; spurs
yellowish.
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
209
Pubescence: Mostly whitish, short and thin on head, thorax
and basal segments of abdomen, with short black hairs on vertex,
mesonotum, scutellum, and between antennae; very short and
black on discs of segments two to five of abdomen; dense,
appressed, pale ochraceous tomentum on mesonotum anteriorly,
in scutello-mesothoracic suture, on hind margin of scutellum,
and a dense patch behind each tegula at lateral angles of meso¬
notum; segments one to five with entire, pale ochraceous, apical
fasciae, narrow medially on the basal segments; segment six with
fine appressed whitish pubescence and short erect black hairs;
scopa entirely pale ochraceous.
Type. —Female; Villarrica, Paraguay, February 1923, [Meyer],
Paratype .—1 9, topotypical, January, [Meyer],
Megachile aeuncicola Strand
1910. Megachile asundcola Strand, Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Syst., xix, p. 530.
Asuncion, Paraguay, January 16, 1916, [Mitchell, 1 9 ; det.
Strand].
The mandibles in this species are of the fossoris-furcata type
(PL XIII).
Megachile morosa new species (PI. XIII)
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes subparallel; apical
margin of clypeus with a shallow median emargination and a
strong denticle in the center of this, very slightly crenulate on
each side; mandibles 4-dentate, the two middle teeth approxi¬
mate, a cutting edge between the third and fourth; cheeks below
as broad as eyes, somewhat narrower above; vertex flat, the hind
margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than
to eyes; basal joint of flagellum nearly twice the length of the
pedicel, the second joint and the pedicel subequal; mid and hind
metatarsi only slightly shorter and narrower than the respective
tibiae; claws with small seta-like basal teeth; abdomen cordate,
the hind margins of the segments slightly depressed laterally;
segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in
profile very slightly concave apically, with only suberect hairs
visible, the ventral plate largely bare, with a distinct bare
apical hp.
Puncturation: Fine and rather indistinct on cheeks; coarser,
deeper and quite sparse on vertex and on the shining clypeus and
supraclypeal area; fine and quite close, but not crowded on
mesonotum and scutellum; very close and fine on pleura above,
more coarse below; very fine and close on abdomen throughout.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
210 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (HYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Color: Black, including the legs; antennae somewhat more
piceous below; tegulae somewhat piceous; wings lightly infus-
cated, slightly darker apically, the nervures piceous; spurs
yellowish.
Pubescence: Creamy-white on sides of face, on cheeks, pleura,
propodeum, basal segment of abdomen, and on legs in large part;
fuscous on vertex and clypeus, with intermixed whitish and long
black hairs between antennae; fuscous, more or less intermixed
with short pale hairs on mesonotum and scutellum; a few black
hairs beneath each tegula; short and black on discs of segments
two to five of abdomen, and these with entire ochraceous apical
fasciae; the scutello-mesothoracic suture subfasciate; segment six
with appressed ochraceous or cinereous tomentum and longer
erect black hairs which are more evident laterally; scopa yel¬
lowish-white, with a few black hairs at extreme sides of all
except segment two.
Type, —Female; Buena vista, Bolivia, [Meyer],
Megachile ater new species (PI. XIII)
Female. —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle slightly broader than long; eyes
subparallel; apical margin of clypeus incurved medially, with a
very minute median tubercle; mandibles 4-dentate, the teeth very
low and inconspicuous (probably worn), the two apical ones
approximate; cheeks about equal to eyes in width, but little
narrowed above, the hind margin subcarinate; vertex nearly fiat,
hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli nearer edge of vertex than to
eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to the pedicel,
longer than the second joint; mid and hind metatarsi almost as
wide and but slightly shorter than the respective tibiae; claws
with acute basal teeth; abdomen more ovoid than cordate, the
hind margins of the segments depressed laterally, but not
medially; segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal
aspect, in profile straight, with numerous erect hairs visible, the
ventral plate largely bare and shining, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine, close and shallow on cheeks and face;
deeper and distinctly separated on shining vertex; rather close
laterally on clypeus and supraclypeal area, but sparse medially,
with an impunctate median line; very fine and close on meso¬
notum and scutellum; fine on pleura above, but somewhat coarser
and more widely separated below where the surface is shining;
fine and close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae ferruginous below; tegulae shining
reddish-fuscous; wings pale yeUow, the nervures yellowish-
ferruginous; spurs yeUowish.
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
211
Pubescence: Quite uniformly fuscous throughout, except for a
shght amount of pale pubescence on sternum; abdominal seg¬
ments with entire fuscous apical fasciae, inconspicuous because
of their color; scopa entirely white on segments two and three,
entirely black on segments four to six, the ventral segments with
traces of very thin white apical fasciae beneath the scopa.
Type, —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
Megachile sterilis new species (PI. XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes slightly conver^ng
below; apical margin of clypeus with a slight median emargina-
tion; mandibles 4-dentate, the teeth acute and rather close,
cutting edges between the second, third and fourth; cheeks below
about as broad as eyes, slightly narrowed above; vertex nearly
fiat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli sHghtly nearer edge of
vertex than to eyes; basal joint of fiagellum slightly longer than
the pedicel, the second joint subequal to the pedicel; mid and
hind metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower than the respective
tibiae; claws with sharp basal teeth; posterior faces of mid and
hind femora with rather pronounced concavities; abdomen
cordate, the hind margins of the segments rather strongly
depressed laterally; segment six nearly straight laterally in dorsal
aspect, in profile very shghtly concave apically with no erect
hairs visible, ventral plate largely bare, with a distinct bare
apical lip.
Puncturation: Close on cheeks and vertex, fine on the latter,
coarser but shallow on cheeks; more coarse, deep and sparse on
clypeus and supraclypeal area medially, closer laterally; fine
and rather close but distinctly separated on mesonotum and
scutellum medially, closer laterally; fine and close on pleura
above, somewhat more coarse below; fine and close on abdomen,
indistinct on the basal segments, very fine and close on segment
six.
Color: Black; antennae brownish beneath; tegulae piceous;
wings lightly infuscated, more deeply so in region of radial cell,
nervures ferruginous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish on face laterally and between antennae,
on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, basal segment of abdomen, and
legs in large part; fuscous, with intermixed shorter whitish hairs
on clypeus, vertex, mesonotum and scutellum; short and black on
discs of segments two to five of abdomen; brownish in part on
front and middle tarsi and tibiae; segments two to five with
entire narrow ochraceous apical fasciae; segment six with brown-
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
212 NEOTBOPICAL MEQACHILE (hTMENOPTEBA : MEOACHHiIDAE)
ish appressed tomeatum, with erect black hairs visible at sides
toward base; scopa pale yellowish, black in part on segments
five and six, and with a few lateral black hairs on segment four.
Type. —Female; Cordova, Argentine, (Davis), [M. C. Z., no.
16211]. Paraiype .—1 9, topot 3 rpical, [M, C. Z.].
Megachile ample new species
Female. —Size: Length, 15 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 5.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 11 mm.
Structure: Face very slightly broader above than long; eyes
subparallel; apical margin of clypeus straight, but with a slight
median indentation; mandibles 4-dentate, the two apical teeth
approximate, cutting edges between the second, third and fourth
(as in benigna, PI. XIII); cheeks below considerably wider than
eyes, sUghtly narrowed above, the hind margin above slightly
carinate; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli sub-
equally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of
flagellum somewhat longer than the pedicel, the second joint
nearly equal to the basal one; mid and hind metatarsi but slightly
shorter and narrower than the respective tibiae; claws with
seta-like basal teeth; abdomen more ovoid, the hind margins of
the segments depressed laterally but not medially; segment six
nearly straight laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight with
numerous rather short erect hairs visible, the ventral plate
largely bare, with a distinct bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Rather fine and indistinct on cheeks, sparse
below; close, fine and shallow on vertex, being minute and
irregularly distributed between eyes and ocelli; fine and sparse
on clypeus and supraclypeal area medially, more coarse and
deep laterally; rather fine and distinctly separated on shining
mesonotum, the scutellum almost impunctate on upper face, but
with scattered punctures posteriorly and laterally; rather fine
and close on pleura above, somewhat coai*ser and distinctly
separated below; minute and rather close on abdomen, very fine
and close on segment six, indistinct on basal segments.
Color: Black; antennae ferruginous beneath; tegulae bright
yellowish-ferruginous; wings yellowish, the nervures yellowish-
ferruginous; legs dark, the spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Creamy-white on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, on
anterior middle of mesonotum, and legs in large part; whitish
intermixed with fuscous hairs on face laterally and between
antennae, on mesonotum posteriorly, on scutellum, and basal
segment of abdomen; reddish-fuscous on clypeus; fulvous on
vertex and on antero-lateral portions of mesonotum and on
prothoracic tubercles; very short and whitish on basal portions
THSODOBB BEBTIS MITCHELIi
213
of discs of abdominal segments, but these with longer black
hairs apically, this conspicuous on each segment laterally;
segment six with whitish tomentum and erect whitish hairs,
without any black intermixture; scopa white medially and
basally, black laterally on segments three to five.
Type. —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer], Paratypes .—
2 9, topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachile trepida new species
Female, —Size: Length, 10.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.3
mm.; anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes shghtly con¬
verging below; apical margin of clypeus subemarginate medially,
otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate, cutting edges between the
second, third and fourth (as in benignay PL XIII); cheeks below
broader than eyes, somewhat narrowed above; vertex flat, hind
margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than
to eyes; basal joint of flagellum very slightly longer than the
pedicel or the second joint, the latter two being subequal; mid
and hind metatarsi distinctly shorter and slightly narrower than
the respective tibiae; claws with minute, seta-Uke basal teeth;
abdomen cordate, hind margins of the segments depressed
laterally but not medially; segment six straight laterally in dorsal
aspect, in profile straight with no evident erect hairs visible,
ventral plate largely bare, with a distinct bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Shallow and somewhat scattered on cheeks; fine
and quite close on vertex; more coarse and deep on shining clypeus
and supraclypeal area, sparse medially; rather fine and close but
distinct on mesonotum and scutellum; fine and crowded on pleura
above, coarser and more distinct below; minute and close on
abdomen, indistinct on basal segments, very minute and densely
crowded on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae ferruginous below; wings yellowish, the
nervures and tegulae yellowish-ferruginous; legs black; spurs
yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks above and on pleura below;
whitish intermixed with fuscous hairs on face laterally and be¬
tween antennae, and on cheeks below; fuscous, with shorter
intermixed paler hairs on clypeus and vertex; mostly fuscous on
mesonotum, and at least in part on scutellum, but fulvous on
mesonotum laterally and scutellum posteriorly; more ochraceous
on propodeum, basal segment of abdomen and on upper pleura
where there is a patch of fuscous hairs just below tegulae; short
and fuscous on legs in large part, tending to whitish basally,
brownish-fuscous on outer face on mid metatarsus; short and
T&ANS. AM. XNT. SOC., LVI.
214 NEOTBOPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
black on discs of segments two to five of abdomen, segments
three to five with inconspicuous ochraceous apical fasciae which
are interrupted medially; segment six with greyish tomentum,
with a few erect black hairs laterally near the base; scopa white
on segment two and on the following segments medially, all of
these black laterally.
Type, —Female; Cerro Patron, Rio Frio, Magdalena, Colombia,
4000 ft., November 12, 1927, (Salt), [Salt]. Paratypes .—1 9,
topotypical; 2 9, Vista Nieve, Santa Marta, Colombia, 5000 ft.,
February 25, 1923, (M. A. Carriker) [Salt]; February 10, 1927,
on Begonia, (Salt), [Salt].
Megachile benigna new species (PL XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle with length and breadth sub¬
equal; eyes subparallel; apical margin of clypeus subemarginate
medially, otherwise straight and entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the
teeth acute, with cutting edges between the second, third and
fourth teeth; cheeks below as wide as eyes, somewhat narrowed
above; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum longer
than the pedicel and also longer than the second joint; mid and
hind metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower than their tibiae;
claws with seta-like basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind margins
of the segments considerably depressed laterally but not medially;
segment six straight laterally in dorsal aspect and in profile,
with no evident erect hairs except at extreme sides basally, the
ventral plate largely bare, with a definite bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Close and fine on cheeks, face, vertex, meso-
notum, scutellum, and pleura above; more sparse on clypeus and
supraclypeal area, especially medially; more definitely separated
on pleura below; minute and dense on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae below and tegulae ferruginous; wings
very faintly yellowish, subhyaline, the nervures ferruginous; legs
more or less suffused with red; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Very dense and reddish-ochraceous on vertex and
dorsum of thorax; paler ochraceous on cheeks, pleura, propodeum,
legs, and basal segments of abdomen; mixed ochraceous and
blackish on face, more blackish on clypeus; fuscous on outer
faces of front and middle metatarsi; short and ochraceous on
segments three to five of abdomen, segments two to five with
entire ochraceous apical fasciae; segment six with very fine
ochraceous tomentum and a few basal erect yellowish hairs
THEODORB BEBTIS MITCHELL
215
toward the sides; scopa pale ochraceous on segments two to four,
mostly blackish on segments five and six, as also on segment four
laterally.
Type. —Female; Chapada, Brazil, May, (H. H. Smith), [A. N.
S. P., no. 4138]. Paratypes .—19 9, topotypical, November-
April, [A. N. S. P.].
Megachile viator new species
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
Structure: Face broader above than long; eyes slightly con¬
verging below; apical margin of clypeus subemarginate medially,
otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate, cutting edges between the
second, third and fourth teeth; cheeks below broader than eyes,
slightly narrowed above; vertex nearly flat, hind margin incurved;
lateral oceUi very slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes;
basal joint of flagellum nearly twice the length of the pedicel,
slightly longer than the second joint; mid and hind metatarsi but
slightly shorter and narrower than the respective tibiae; claws
with sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind margins of the
segments considerably depressed except medially; segment six
very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight
with no evident erect hairs, the ventral plate largely bare, with
a definite bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Shallow on cheeks, rather sparse and coarse
below, finer and closer above; quite fine and close but not crowded
on vertex; rather sparse medially on the shining clypeus and
supraclypeal area, more close laterally; rather uniformly close
but hardly crowded on mesonotum and scutellum; fine and close
on pleura above, more coarse and sparse below; very fine and
quite close on abdomen throughout, minute and densely crowded
on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae beneath, tegulae, wing nervures and
spurs bright ferruginous; wings dilute yellowish; legs black except
for the reddened tips of all the tibiae and the ferruginous apical
tarsal joints.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, and legs
in large part; long and more yellowish-white on vertex, meso¬
notum medially, scutellum, and basal segment of abdomen; more
fulvous around the tegulae; whitish intermixed with scattered
darker hairs on face; rather short and pale ochraceous on discs of
abdominal segments two to five, these with entire conspicuous
pale ochraceous fasciae, and segment one with a similar narrower
fascia; segment six with appressed silvery tomentum and a few
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC., LVI.
216 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
erect silvery hairs laterally; scopa white, black on segment four
except in center and entirely black on segment five, more fer¬
ruginous on segment six.
Type. —Female; San Jose, Costa Rica, June 25, 1903, (J. C.
Crawford), [U. S. N. M., no. 43096]. Paratype .—1 9, topo-
typical, on Dahlia, [Titus].
Megachile felicis new species
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 9.5 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle with length and breadth sub¬
equal; eyes subparallel; apical margin of clypeus subemarginate
medially, otherwise entire and straight; mandibles 4-dentate,
all the teeth acute, the three apical ones approximate, with
cutting edges between the second, third and fourth (somewhat
similar to santaremends, PL XIII); cheeks subequal to eyes in
width, but slightly narrowed above; vertex flat, hind margin
incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of
vertex; basal joint of flagellum almost twice the length of the
pedicel, subequal to the second joint; mid and hind metatarsi but
very slightly shorter than the respective tibiae, and but slightly
narrower; claws with basal setae, but without distinct teeth;
abdomen broadly cordate, hind margins of the segments slightly
depressed laterally; segment six very slightly concave laterally
in dorsal aspect, in profile straight with erect hairs visible
basally, the ventral plate largely bare, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks, face and vertex;
more sparse on clypeus and supraclypeal area, which have a
rather indefinite median impunctate line; apparently very close
and fine on mesonotum and scutellum, but hidden by the dense
pubescence; somewhat coarser and distinct on pleura; fine on
abdomen, close on basal segments but b^ecoming somewhat
scattered toward segment five; segment six very closely and
finely punctate.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely ferruginous beneath; tegulae
dark reddish; wings quite uniformly fuliginous, slightly darker in
radial cell, the nervures ferruginous to piceous; spurs yellowish-
ferruginous.
Pubescence: Whitish at sides of face and between antennae, on
cheeks, pleura, and legs in large part, intermixed slightly with
black at sides of face; more creamy-white or pale ochraceous and
extremely dense on entire dorsum of thorax and basal segment of
abdomen; black on clypeus, vertex, and segments two to six of
abdomen, the latter not at all fasciate; fuscous or brownish on
outer faces of front and middle tibiae and metatarsi, as also on
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
217
hind tibiae posteriorly; scopa white, black on segment six and at
extreme sides of all the others, segment five with black hairs
extending nearly across the apical margin.
Type. —Female; Tapyta, Paraguay, November 1925, [Meyer].
Mesrachile delectus new species (PL XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 11.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5
mm.; anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle with length and breadth subequal;
eyes subparallel; apical margin of clypeus shining and impunctate
on median third, with a slight indication of a median denticle,
otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the teeth acute, with
cutting edges between the second, third and fourth; cheeks
subequal to eyes in width, slightly narrowed above; vertex flat,
hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli very slightly nearer edge of
vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum slightly longer than
the pedicel, subequal in length to second joint; mid and hind
metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower than the respective
tibiae; claws with small acute basal teeth; abdomen cordate,
hind margins of the segments considerably depressed laterally;
segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in
profile straight with no erect hairs visible, the ventral plate
largely bare and shining, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks, face, vertex and
mesonotum; somewhat coarser on clypeus and supraclypeal area,
close except for an impunctate median line; relatively fine and
sparse on the shining scutellum; fine and densely crowded on
pleura above, relatively coarse and distinctly separated below;
uniformly minute and very close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae, mandibles, legs, tegulae, and ventral
and lateral portions of basal abdominal segment bright ferrugi¬
nous; wings subhyaline, faintly yellowish apically and in radial
cell, the nervures pale ferruginous; spurs pale ferruginous.
Pubescence: Dense and ochraceous on dorsum and sides of
thorax, paling to whitish on sternum; more fulvous on vertex and
outer faces of front and middle metatarsi; ochraceous on cheeks,
legs, propodeum and basal segments of abdomen; mixed black
and white on face and clypeus below level of antennae; fulvo-
ochraceous between antennae and ocelli; segment three of
abdomen with black pubescence, segments four and five with dense
yellow tomentum, with a few erect black hairs at extreme sides;
segments one to five with broad dense entire yellow apical
fasciae; segment six with mostly black subappressed pubescence,
with erect black hairs at sides and with a minute inconspicuous
pale pilosity; scopa white, entirely black on segments five and six,
and black laterally on segments three and four.
TBANS. AM. EKT. SOO., LVI.
218 NEOTBOFICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTERA ; MEQACHILIDAE)
Type. —^Female; Chapada, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4148].
Megachile oblique new species
Female, —Size; Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle with length and breadth sub¬
equal; eyes parallel; apical margin of clypeus straight and entire,
somewhat thickened and shining medially; mandibles 4-dentate,
the two apical teeth approximate, a slight angle between the
third and fourth, a cutting edge between the second and third;
cheeks below as broad as eyes, narrower above, hind margins
subcarinate; vertex flat, hind margin very slightly incurved;
lateral ocelli slightly nearer eyes than to edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum considerably longer than pedicel, slightly longer
than the second joint; mid and hind metatarsi fully as broad and
very nearly as long as the respective tibiae; claws with minute
seta-like basal teeth; abdomen broadly cordate, hind margins of
the segments slightly depressed laterally but not medially;
segment six slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in proffle
straight with erect basal hairs visible, the ventral plate largely
bare and shining, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and densely crowded on face and
vertex, becoming more coarse and quite sparse on the shining
cheeks below and on supraclypeal area, very sparse and fine on
the shining clypeus; fine and close but not crowded on meso-
notum; minute and somewhat scattered on scutellum; fine and
close on pleura above, sparse below where the surface is shining;
fine and rather close on abdomen apically, very minute and
indistinct on basal segments, very fine and close on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae ferruginous beneath; tegulae yellowish-
ferruginous; wings yellowish, the nervures ferruginous; apical
joints of tarsi and basal segments of abdomen ferruginous, as also
the more apical ventral plates; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Creamy white on cheeks below, and on sternum
and legs in large part; more ochraceous on cheeks above, pleura,
propodeum, and basal abdominal segment; deeper ochraceous on
vertex, mesonotum and scutellum; ochraceous with intermixed
black hairs on face below level of antennae; short and dark on
discs of segments three to five, as also on segment two laterally;
segment six with fine pale ochraceous pilosity and scattered dark
erect hairs toward base; scopa whitish on segments two and three,
more ochraceous on segment three laterally, mostly blackish on
segments four to six, the ventral plates with white apical fasciae
which are well defined at least laterally.
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
219
Type, —Female; British Guiana, April 16, 1901, (Crew),
[U. S. N. M., no. 43095].
Megachile daviei new species (PI. XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
Structure: Face broader than long; eyes but slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus polished and impunctate, with
a minute median denticle; mandibles 4-dentate, cutting edges
between the second, third and fourth teeth; cheeks below broader
than eyes, somewhat narrowed above; vertex flat, hind margin
incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes;
basal joint of flagellum about twice the length of the pedicel,
the second joint but slightly longer than the pedicel; mid and
hind metatarsi shorter and slightly narrower than the respective
tibiae; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind
margins of the segments strongly depressed laterally, but not at
all medially; segment six concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in
profile straight with only suberect hairs visible, the ventral plate
largely bare, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Close and rather fine on cheeks; sparse on vertex
laterally, closer medially, but with a median impunctate line;
sparse in center of shining supraclypeal area, closer on clypeus,
but rather sparse medially; fine and rather close on mesonotum,
but distinctly separated medially, as also on scutellum; close on
pleura, fine above, more coarse below; fine and rather sparse-on
the shining abdomen, very fine and close on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae pale brownish beneath; mandibles
reddened apically; tegulae ferruginous, more or less suffused with
fuscous; wings faintly infuscated, more deeply so on costal half
of radial cell, nervrures fuscous; spurs yellowish; abdomen with
faint violet reflections.
Pubescence: White on face laterally and between antennae,
and on cheeks, pleura above, propodeum, basal segment of
abdomen, and legs in part; black on clypeus, vertex, pleura
below, sternum, and discs of segments two to five of abdomen;
mesonotum and scutellum with intermixed black and white
pubescence; brownish-fuscous on front and middle tarsi, and on
these tibiae in part, and a slight amount on the hind tarsi;
segments one to five with entire conspicuous white apical fasciae;
segment six with appressed whitish tomentum and longer black
hairs which are erect laterally but only suberect medially; scopa
pale yellowish, with a few lateral black hairs on segment six.
Type, —Female; Cordoba, Argentina, (W. M. Davis), [M. C. Z.,
no. 16210].
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
220 NEOTBOPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA I MEGACHILIDAE)
Mesrachile banksi new species (PL XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes converging below;
apical margin of clypeus with a very minute median denticle,
with slight irregularities on each side of this, otherwise entire;
mandibles 4-dentate, the two apical teeth approximate, cutting
edges between the second, third and fourth; cheeks below as
broad as eyes, somewhat narrowed above; vertex nearly flat,
hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex
than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum longer than the pedicel,
the second joint about equal to the pedicel; mid and hind meta¬
tarsi shorter and narrower than the respective tibiae; claws with
sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate, the apical margins of the
segments sHghtly depressed laterally; segment six very slightly
concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight with abun¬
dant erect hair visible, the ventral plate largely bare, with a
distinct bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Close and fine on cheeks; relatively sparse on
vertex; quite deep and rather coarse on clypeus and supraclypeal
area, close except in center of each; fine and rather close, but
distinct on mesonotum and scutellum; close on pleura, fine above,
more coarse below; fine on the shining abdomen, sparse medially,
more close laterally and on apical segments, very fine and close
on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely brownish-ferruginous be¬
neath; tegulae fuscous to blackish; wings somewhat infuscated,
more deeply so apically, the nervures piceous; spurs pale yellow.
Pubescence: White on face laterally, on cheeks, pleura,
propodeum, legs in large part, and on basal segment of abdomen,
with dense white tufts behind tubercles and behind wing bases;
black on clypeus, vertex, mesonotum, scutellum, and sHght
amounts of short black pubescence on apical abdominal segments,
with a black patch on upper pleura beneath tegulae; intermixed
black and white between antennae; scutello-mesothoracic suture
inconspicuously white fasciate, and abdominal segments with
cream-colored apical fasciae evident laterally; segment six with
whitish appressed tomentum and erect black hairs, and segment
five with rather numerous erect black hairs apically; scopa pale
yellowish, with a few dark hairs on segment six laterally.
Type, —Female; Canal Zone, Ancon, Panama, August 4, 1924,
(N. Banks), [M. C. Z., no. 16202]. Paratypes ,—^3 9 ; Rio Frio,
Magdalena, Colombia, April 25, 1927, on Antigonon leptopus and
Trilobus cistoides (Salt), [Salt]. 1 9 ; Chichen Itza, Yukatan,
[Titus],
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
221
Megachile indigoferae new species
Female. —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle broader above than long; eyes
slightly converging below; apical mar^n of clypeus slightly
incurved medially, with a minute median tubercle; mandibles
4-dentate, the third tooth broadly truncate, a cutting edge
between the third and fourth (of the candida-morosa type,
PI. XIII); cheeks narrower than eyes, narrowed above, the hind
margin carinate; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli
much nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
subequal in length to pedicel, the second joint slightly longer;
mid and hind metatarsi as wide as their tibiae, but distinctly
shorter; claws without distinct basal teeth; abdomen cordate,
hind margins of the segments not at all depressed; segment six
straight laterally in dorsal aspect and in profile, with numerous
erect hairs visible in profile, the ventral plate largely bare, but
without a distinct bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine, close and shallow on cheeks; coarser and
widely scattered on vertex laterally, finer and closer medially;
rather coarse and close on clypeus except for a conspicuous
median impunctate line; scattered on supraclypeal area which
also has an impunctate median area; fine and close on mesonotum
except in center where punctures are somewhat scattered, the
surface between the punctures tessellated; scutellum above finely
and closely punctate; pleura below more coarsely and sparsely
punctate; punctures very fine and close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae dull ferruginous beneath; tegulae
ferruginous; wings subhyaline, the nervures fuscous to ferrugi¬
nous; spurs yellow.
Pubescence: White on face, cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs,
and basal segment of abdomen, with dense white tufts around
pronotal tubercles and behind wing bases, a patch of white
tomentum behind tegulae, and the scutello-mesothoracic suture
white-fasciate; black on vertex, mesonotum, scutellum, and discs
of segments two to four of abdomen, and with intermixed bl^ck
hairs on face and a small patch on upper pleura; segments
five and six with whitish tomentum and erect black hairs; segments
one to five with whitish apical fasciae, interrupted medially on
segment two and widely so on segment one; scopa pale ochraceous,
with a few black hairs on segments four and five laterally.
Type. —Female; Bio Frio, Magdalena, Colombia, February 1,
1927, on Indigofera suffruticosa, (Salt), [Salt]. Paratypes. —7 9 ;
topotypical, November, January and February, on Hibiscus
rosasinensis and Indigofera suffryUcosa, [Salt].
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOO., LVI.
222 NEOTROPICAL UEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA : MEOACHILIDAE)
Megachile aurata new species
Female. —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
Structure: Face about as long as broad above; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus with a minute median
denticle, and two or three slightly larger denticulations on each
side; mandibles 4-dentate, with cutting edges between the second,
third and fourth teeth; cheeks below subequal to eyes in width,
narrower above; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum more
than twice the length of the pedicel, and slightly longer than the
second joint; apical margins of abdominal segments rather
strongly depressed laterally, but only slightly so medially;
segment six in profile nearly straight, showing no erect hairs, and
the sides nearly straight in dorsal aspect, the ventral plate
largely bare, with a distinct apical lip.
Puncturation: Irregularly scattered and of varying sizes on
clypeus, supraclypeal area and vertex; finer and closer on cheeks;
relatively fine and close on mesonotum laterally and anteriorly,
and on scutellum and upper portions of pleura, distinctly sepa¬
rated although numerous on posterior middle of mesonotum;
rather coarse on pleura below; very fine and close on abdomen
basally, becoming increasingly distinct to segment five, but very
minute and densely crowded on segment six.
Color: Black, including tegulae and legs; antennae dark
ferruginous beneath; wings lightly infuscated, the nervures
fuscous; spurs yellow.
Pubescence: Creamy white on face and cheeks, without any
black admixture; long and fuscous on vertex, mesonotum and
scutellum; mesonotum with conspicuous whitish pubescence
anteriorly, with a more yellowish fascia in the scutello-meso-
thoracic suture, and a tuft of the same color behind each tegula;
pleura, sternum, propodeum and basal segment of abdomen with
white pubescence; whitish to yellowish on legs, but brownish-
fuscous on outer and anterior faces of front and middle metatarsi;
short and black on discs of segments two to six of abdomen,
these with entire conspicuous yellow apical fasciae; segment six
lacking pale tomentum, with erect black hairs at sides but none
visible in profile; scopa entirely fulvous, only the apical fringe on
segment six being more fuscous.
Type. —Female; Juanfue, Peru, [Mitchell].
This specimen was received from Dr. Staudinger identified as
M. poeyi Guerin, but is distinct from that West Indian species
to which it is closely allied, however. Specimens of poeyi at
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
223
hand from Cuba have a much finer and closer puncturation, with
red legs, and the scopa is white basally, black on segments five
to six.
Mesrachile Hmae Schrottky
1913, Megachile limae Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 176.
Pedra Branca and Corumba, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., 10 9].
Me^rachile electrum new species (PL XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than long; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus subemarginate
medially; mandibles 4-dentate, the two apical teeth approximate,
cutting edges between the second, third and fourth; cheeks
below slightly broader than eyes, narrower above; vertex fiat,
hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli somewhat nearer edge
of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum slightly longer
than either the pedicel or the second joint, which are subequal;
mid and hind metatarsi somewhat shorter and narrower than
their tibiae; claws with sharp minute basal teeth; abdomen
cordate, hind margins of the segments slightly depressed;
segment six nearly straight laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile
straight with no visible erect hairs, the ventral plate largely bare,
with a distinct bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine, shallow and rather close on cheeks; fine
and close on vertex medially, more distinctly separated laterally;
rather sparse medially on clypeus and supraclypeal area, the
latter shining; fine and numerous, but distinctly separated on
mesonotum and scutellum; fine and close on pleura above,
more coarse and sparse below; very minute and close on abdomen,
indistinct on basal segments.
Color: Black; antennae brownish-ferruginous beneath; tegulae
fuscous; wings slightly infuscated, deeply so in region of radial
cell, the nervures fuscous to ferruginous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish on face laterally, bn cheeks, mesonotum
anteriorly and laterally, on pleura, propodeum, basal segments
of abdomen, and on legs in large part; blackish on clypeus,
vertex, mesonotum medially, scutellum, with a blackish patch
on pleura below tegulae, and short black pubescence on discs of
segments three to five of abdomen; mixed light and dark.between
antennae; segments two to five with rather broad, pale ochra-
ceous, apical fasciae, interrupted or thin medially on segment
two; segment six with appressed yellowish tomentum, with a
few basal erect black hairs visible at sides; scopa pale yellowish,
a few dark hairs on segment six laterally.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SCO., LVI.
224 NEOTROPICAL uEQACHiLi: (htmenoptera : meqachilidae)
Type. —Female; Villarrica, Paraguay, October 1923, [Meyer].
Paratypes .—4 9 topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachile indulgent new species (PI. XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle about as broad as long; eyes
slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus thickened
and shining medially, with a small median denticle; mandibles
4-dentate, the teeth acute, cutting edges between the second,
third and fourth; cheeks below subequal in width to eyes,
narrowed above, the hind margin acute but not carinate; vertex
flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli sUghtly nearer edge of
vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum longer than the
pedicel, subequal in length to the second joint; mid and hind
metatarsi slightly narrower and distinctly shorter than the
respective tibiae; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate,
hind margins of the segments strongly depressed laterally but not
medially; segment six slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect,
in profile straight with only subappressed hairs visible, the
ventral plate largely bare, with a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine, shallow and close on cheeks and face,
irregularly scattered on vertex laterally, sparse and more coarse
on vertex medially; somewhat coarse and close on clypeus later¬
ally, but with a quite definite median impunctate line; sparse on
supraclypeal area apically; fine and relatively sparse on meso-
notum and scutellum, the surface tessellate between punctures;
somewhat more coarse and quite close on pleura; fine and close
on basal abdominal segments, but becoming very sparse and
quite coarse on segment five, close on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae brownish-ochraceous beneath; tegulae
ferruginous, with the central area piceous, yellow on anterior
margin; wings subhyaline, the nervures piceous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish to pale ochraceous at sides of face,
between antennae, on pleura above, around pronotal tubercles,
on mesonotum anteriorly and laterally, on propodeum, and basal
segment of abdomen; blackish on clypeus, face medially, vertex,
mesonotum, scutellum, pleura below, sternum, legs, and discs of
segments two to five of abdomen, the latter, as also segment one,
apparently with entire ochraceous apical fasciae (specimen in
poor condition), segment six with appressed tomentum and with
erect black hairs toward the sides, these suberect medially; scopa
entirely fulvous.
Type, —^Female; Cordova, Argentina, (Davis), [M. C. Z.,
no. 16201].
THEODOBB BERTI8 MITCHELL
225
Megachile burmeisteri Friese
1908. Megachile hurmeuteri Friese, Apid. v. Argentina, (Silkeborg), p. 68.
1909. Megachile burmeisteri Vachal, Rev. d'Ent., xxviii, p. 6.
1909. Megachile burmeisteri Joergensen, D. Ent. Zeitschr., 1909, p. 215.
1912. Megachile burmeisteri Joergensen, Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Syst., xxxii,
p. 130.
1920. Megachile burmeisteri Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lv, p. 221.
Carcarana, Argentina, [A. N. S. P., 1 9].
The clypeus and mandibles are somewhat similar to benigna
(PI. XIII).
Megachile hieronymi Friese
1908. Megachile hieronymi Friese, Apid. v. Argentina, (Silkeborg), p. 67.
1909. Megachile hieronymi Joergensen, D. Ent. Zeitschr., 1909, p. 215.
1912. Megachile hieronymi Joergensen, Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Syst., xxxii,
p. 128.
Neuquen (?), (Dr. Leudl Adolf), [Mitchell, 1 9 ; det. Friese].
Megachile flavihirsuta new species (Pis. X and XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 10 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes subparallel;
apical margin of clypeus shallowly emarginate medially, the
emargination irregularly crenulate; mandibles rather long, 3-
dentate, the teeth robust, with a slender flattened basal inferior
projection which is slightly recurved toward the cheeks; cheeks
subequal in width to eyes; vertex slightly convex, hind margin
very slightly incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer eyes than to
edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum somewhat longer than the
pedicel, the second joint twice the length of the pedicel and about
twice as long as broad; front coxae densely pubescent, with
moderately long slender spines; front tarsi not dilated; mid and
hind metatarsi shorter and narrower than the respective tibiae,
mid tibia with an apical spur; abdomen robust, apical margins
of the segments strongly depressed; dorsal surface of segment six
with a median longitudinal ridge which is more distinct basally,
the carina entire, triangular, the apex subtruncate, slightly
downcurved, apical margin of the segment with robust carinate
median teeth which are approximate to the smaller lateral teeth;
segment seven conspicuous, produced medially into a robust
triangularly pointed spine; four sternites exposed, the first over¬
lapping and extending almost to the apical margin of the second
medially, apical margin of the fourth broadly membranous.
Puncturation: Coarse, close and shallow on cheeks; fine and
close on vertex medially, but well separated above eyes where
TEANS. AM. KNT. 800., LVL
226 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
surface is shining; densely crowded on thorax throughout, rather
coarsely so on mesonotum, very fine and close on tegulae; very
dense and fine on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely reddish beneath; tegulae
ferruginous; wings lightly infuscated, very slightly darker
apically, the nervures fuscous; legs dark reddish or fuscous; spurs
yellowish-ferruginous.
Pubescence: White on cheeks, pleura and sternum, and densely
so on front legs posteriorly; ochraceous on vertex and dorsum of
thorax, and very densely so on face and clypeus; fulvous, dense
and erect on discs of segments one to four of abdomen, segments
one to five with dense, entire, ochraceous apical fasciae, &scs of
segments five and six with dense ochraceous tomentum basally,
with numerous erect ochraceous hairs in addition.
Type. —Male; Guadalajara, Mexico, September 14, (McClen¬
don), [A. N. S. P., no. 4126]. Paratype .—1 cT; topotypical,
[A. N. S. P.].
This somewhat resembles M. paralhla Smith in general form,
but it is at once distinguished by the entire carina of segment six.
Megachile perihirta Cockerel] (?)
1898. Megachile perihirta Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), i, p. 126.
1904. Megachile grindeliarum Cockerell, Ent. News, xv, p. 33.
1918. Megachile perihirta Sladen, Can. Ent., l, p. 301.
1925. Megachile perihirta = grindeliarum Cockerell, Proc. Calif. Ac. Sci.,
(4), XIV, p. 204.
1929. Megachile perihirta (intfersex) Mitchell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., liv,
p. 334.
Guadalajara, Mexico, July, (McClendon), [A. N. S. P., 13 9 ].
These females cannot be distinguished from the females of
perihirta^ but as the females of this and other closely related
species are very diflBcult to separate, it is not at all certain that
the specimens are perihirta. Males of this group from the same
locality would more definitely decide the identity of the species.
Megachile paratexana new name
1878. Megachile texana Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vii*, p. 125. 9.
1898. Megachile texana Cockerell, Bull. 11, Univ. N. Mex., p. 65.
Type. —Female; Texas, [A. N. S. P., no. 4158]. Paratypes .—
2 9 ; topotypical.
The male and female originally described as texana were
erroneously associated; the male, which has been designated as
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
227
the type, being conspecific with generosa Cresson, while the female
is a valid species but must receive a new name. It is related to
perihirta and latimanuSj but is easily distinguished from these
two species by the black scopa of segments five and six.
Guadalajara, Mexico, (McClendon), [A. N. S. P., 19].
Megachile colombiana new species (Pis. X and XIII)
ilfak.—Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.; an¬
terior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle about as broad above as it is
long; eyes converging below; apical margin of clypeus slightly
incurved medially; mandibles 4-dentate, with a basal acute
inferior projection; cheeks narrower than eyes, simple below;
vertex flat, hind margin concave, demarked from the cheeks
laterally by a distinct angle above each eye; lateral ocelli nearer
edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal in
length to pedicel, the following joints more than twice this
length, the apical one not dilated, reaching the posterior margin
of the thorax; front coxae quite densely pubescent, with strongly
diverging spines of moderate length; front femora not distinctly
keeled; front tarsi neither dilated nor excavated, but the second
and third joints flattened; mid tibia longer than the metatarsus,
with an apical spur; abdomen short, broad and rather flat,
slightly tapering posteriorly, apical margins of segments four and
five depressed both medially and laterally, depressed only
laterally on segments two and three; dorsal surface of segment six
vertical, the carina quite conspicuous, tapering posteriorly,
narrowly rounded on each side of the shallow median emargina-
tion, the median carinate teeth of the apical margin of the
segment barely evident, the lateral teeth inevident; four sternites
exposed, the apical margin of the fourth broadly membranous.
Puncturation: Close and fine on cheeks, pleura, vertex medially,
mesonotum anteriorly and laterally, and on scutellum; sparse on
vertex laterally and mesonotum medially; very fine and densely
crowded on abdomen, more distinctly separated on segment four,
segments five and six more rugoso-punctate; tegulae quite closely
and minutely punctate.
Color: Black, including antennae, tegulae and legs, but the
tibiae slightly reddened apically, and the apical joints of the tarsi
obscurely ferruginous; wings slightly infuscated, slightly more so
apically and in region of radial cell, the nervures black; spurs
yellowish.
Pubescence: Black or fuscous in general aspect, but largely
white on face, clypeus and cheeks, with black hairs along upper
part of clypeus and at sides of face; also intermixed wlfite and
TBAKS. AH. lENT. BOO., LVI.
228 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTERA : MBGACHILIDAE)
fuscous on sternum; segment six with dense appressed fuscous
tomentum, as also more thinly so on segment five basaUy;
scutello-mesothoracic suture obscurely white fasciate, and ster-
nites two and three with entire white apical fasciae; ventral
surface of segment six with thin whitish tomentum.
Female, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.6 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Facial quadrangle slightly broader than long; eyes
slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus very slightly
incurved medially, otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the
third tooth quite broadly truncate, the two apical ones rounded,
a cutting edge between the third and fourth; cheeks considerably
narrower than eyes, the posterior margin slightly carinate; vertex
flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer edge of
vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum shorter than the
second joint, longer than the pedicel; mid metatarsi slightly
shorter and narrower than their tibiae, the joints fringed apically
beneath with a row of reddish bristles; hind metatarsi fully as
broad, but slightly shorter than their tibiae; basal teeth of claws
minute; abdomen broadly cordate, apical margins of the segments
not at all depressed; segment six concave laterally in dorsal
aspect, very slightly concave in profile, showing short suberect
hairs in profile, the ventral plate bare except for the' margins,
but without a distinct apical lip.
Puncturation: Very sparse on mesonotum medially and vertex
laterally; closer on scutellum, on mesonotum laterally and
anteriorly, and on vertex medially; coarse and rather close on
clypeus and supraclypeal area, but with a median impunctate
area; close and very fine on cheeks; fine on pleura, densely
crowded above; fine and close on abdomen throughout, densely
crowded on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely brownish-ferruginous be¬
neath; mandibles slightly reddened apically; tegulae shining
reddish-piceous; wings uniformly infuscated, the nervures piceous
to black; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Blackish to fuscous in general, with intermixed
white hairs on face and cheeks and some whitish tomentum in the
scutello-mesothoracic suture; abdominal segments with dense but
inconspicuous apical fasciae of fuscous pubescence, and segment
six covered with dense fuscous tomentum and short suberect
black hairs; scopa yellowish-white, black laterally on all the
segments.
Type, —Male; Cerro Patron, Rio Frio, Magdalena, Colombia,
(4000 ft.), September 12,1927, (Salt), [Salt]. Allotype, —Female;
Mount San Lorenzo, Santa Marta, Colombia, (4500 ft.), January
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
229
1, 1923, (M. A. Carriker), [Salt]. Paratypes ,—6 cf, 1 9 ; topo-
typical. 1 9 ; Mount San Lorenzo, [Salt].
Megachile beniensis Cockerell
1927. Megachile beniensis Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxxi, Art. 12,
pp. 13 & 19.
Chapada, Brazil, October-May, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.,
40 cf]. Mexico, [A. N. S. P., 1 c?]. Rio Frio, Magdalena,
Colombia, December-May, (Salt, 14 c?). Uacanzal, (Brazil ?),
February, [A. N. S. P., 1 c?].
The mandibles in this species are quite similar to colombiana
(PI. X).
Megachile aetheria new species (Pis. X, XI and XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus very slightly incurved medially;
mandibles 4-dentate, with a slender acute basal inferior pro¬
jection; cheeks subequal in width to eyes, with a ventral pro¬
tuberance largely hidden by pubescence; vertex flat, hind margin
incurved; lateral ocelli somewhat nearer edge of vertex than to
eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel, the
following joints about twice this length, apical one very slightly
dilated and flattened; front coxae bare and polished anteriorly,
with short flattened spines and a dense patch of short ferruginous
bristles laterad of each spine; front femora not deflnitely keeled;
front tarsi somewhat dilated, the second joint more so than the
metatarsus which is slender, slightly incurved on the posterior
margin, anterior margin not excavated; mid tibia longer than
the metatarsus, without an apical spur, but with a slender,
strongly curved, spur-like projection at apex beneath; abdomen
somewhat flattened, rather short, slightly tapering apically,
apical segments rather strongly depressed on apical margins;
dorsal surface of segment six largely hidden beneath segment five,
the carina conspicuous, with a median semicircular emargination,
rounded on each side of this, apical margin of the segment with
barely evident carinate median teeth, the lateral ones inevident;
segment seven visible, with a median acute denticle; four sternites
exposed, the first and fourth with broadly membranous apical
margins.
Puncturation: Fine and close throughout, although not densely
crowded, and quite sparse on vertex laterally and rather sparse
in center of mesonotum; finer on cheeks and abdomen than on
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOO., LVI.
230 NEOTBOPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTBRA : MEGACHILIDAE)
thorax and other regions of head; extremely minute and scattered
on tegulae.
Color: Black; antennae reddish-fuscous beneath; front femora
blackish on posterior face except on lower margin, this and the
other two faces being yellowish-ferruginous; front tibiae similarly
colored, but the outer face more piceous; front tarsi yellowish-
ferruginous, second joint with a large black spot beneath; mid
and hind legs ferruginous, more or less suffused with fuscous on
outer faces; tegulae bronzy-ferruginous; wings faintly infuscated,
nervures piceous; segment six of abdomen ferruginous, as also
segment five laterally; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Dense and entirely ochraceous on face and
clypeus, thin on clypeus above; more whitish on cheeks, pleura,
sternum, basal segment of abdomen, and legs; thin and fuscous
on vertex, mesonotum and scutellum; short and black on discs of
segments two to four; segments two to five with rather thin
ochraceous apical fasciae, and the scutello-mesothoracic suture
thinly white fasciate; segments five and six with rather thin pale
ochraceous tomentum and long erect black hairs, these more
conspicuous on segment five apically; mid tarsi with long thin
white posterior fringes, the front tarsi not definitely fringed.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.,
no. 4152]. Paratypes .—3 c?; topotypical, March and April,
[A. N. S. P.]
Megachile mexicana Cressou
1878. Megachile mexicana Cresson, Trans. Ahi. Ent. Soc., vii, p. 127.
1911. Megachile mexicana Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 258.
Mexico, [A. N, S. P., 19].
This is very close to ikf . petulans Cresson and is possibly nothing
more than a geographical race of that species. The mandibles
are similar to colombiana (PI. XIII).
Megachile immanis new species (PI. XIII)
Female. —Size: Length, 14 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 5.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 10 mm.
Structure: Face broader than long; eyes subparallel; apical
margin of clypeus slightly incurved, with a very sHght median
denticle; mandibles 4-dentate, the three apical teeth about equally
spaced, with a long cutting edge between the third and fourth;
cheeks below subequal in width to eyes, slightly narrowed above;
vertex flat, hind margin strongly incurved; lateral ocelli con¬
siderably nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of
flagellum slightly longer than pedicel, subequal in length to
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
231
second joint, the following ones considerably longer; mid and
hind metatarsi, though broad, considerably shorter and narrower
than their tibiae; claws with minute, seta-like basal teeth;
abdomen cordate, apical margins of the segments not appreciably
depressed; segment six slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect,
very slightly so in profile, with numerous erect hairs visible in
profile, the ventral plate largely bare, but without a distinct
apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks and face; more coarse
and scattered on clypeus which has a median shining impunctate
space; widely scattered on vertex laterally, closer medially; fine
and scattered on mesonotum, more widely spaced medially;
close on scuteUum; fine and densely crowded on pleura through¬
out; minute and very close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae more fuscous beneath; mid and hind
tibiae and tarsi more or less suffused with red; tegulae yellowish-
ferruginous marginally, more fuscous medially; wings faintly
infuscated, nervures black; spurs ferruginous; apical margins of
ventral abdominal plates ferruginous and the apical one entirely
so.
Pubescence: Whitish at sides of face, cheeks, pleura, propodeum
and femora; more pale ochraceous on basal segment of abdomen
and on legs apically; blackish on vertex, disc of mesonotum,
scutellum, discs of segments two to five of abdomen, and black
patches on pronotal tubercles and on upper pleura; face medially,
and clypeus, with intermixed black and white pubescence, and
disc of mesonotum with a fine appressed pale pruinosity in
addition to the erect hairs; scutello-mesothoracic suture whitish
fasciate; segments one to five of abdomen with entire yellow
apical fasciae, narrow on the basal segments but becoming very
broad on the apical ones; segment six covered with rather dense
yellow tomentum and erect black hairs; scopa pale ochraceous
basally, tinged with fulvous apically.
Type, —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
Megachile parata new species
Female, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face broader than long; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved, with a barely
discernible median denticle; mandibles 4-dentate, third tooth
broadly truncate, deeply emarginate between the third and fourth
where there is a long cutting edge; cheeks slightly narrower than
eyes, but slightly narrowed above; vertex flat, hind margin
strongly incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer edge of vertex than
TRANS. AM. ENT. SCO., LVI.
232 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
to eyes; basal joint of flagellum very slightly longer than the
pedicel, slightly shorter than the second joint; mid and hind
metatarsi slightly narrower and considerably shorter than their
tibiae; claws without basal teeth; abdomen cordate, apical
margin of the segments not at all depressed; segment six very
slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight with
numerous erect hairs visible, the ventral plate largely bare,
but without a definite apical lip.
Puncturation: Very close and fine on cheeks and face; coarser
but close on vertex medially, very sparse laterally; quite close
laterally on clypeus and supraclypeal area, but these almost
impunctate medially; very close and rather fine on mesonotum,
scutellum and pleura throughout; minute and close on abdomen
throughout.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely reddish beneath; hind legs
more or less suffused with red; tegulae ferruginous; wings faintly
clouded, slightly darker apically and on costal margin of radid
cell, nervures black or piceous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous in general, entirely so on face,
clypeus, pleura (except for a few dark hairs above), sternum,
propodeum, and basal segments of abdomen; more whitish on
cheeks and legs; fuscous on vertex, between antennae, on disc of
mesonotum, and on scutellum, the mesonotum with very short
pale pubescence in addition to the longer dark hairs; scutello-
mesothoracic suture yellowish fascia te; pubescence on segments
one and two long and ochraceous, on segments three and four very
short and ochraceous, tending to fuscous on segment five, all of
these segments with entire ochraceous apical fasciae, those on
segments four and five somewhat broader than on basal segments;
segment six with dense ochraceous tomentum and erect blackish
pubescence; scopa pale ochraceous throughout.
Type. —Female; Buena vista, Bolivia, [Meyer],
This is very close to immanis, but differs in its smaller size, in
the denser puncturation of the mesonotum, and in the uniformly
ochraceous pubescence.
Megachile subita new species
Female. —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than long; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus incurved medially,
with a very slight median denticle; mandibles 4-dentate, the
third tooth broadly truncate, with a long cutting edge between
the third and fourth; cheeks narrower than eyes, slightly carinate
on hind margin above where they are somewhat narrowed;
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
233
vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer edge
of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum slightly longer
than the pedicel, shorter than the second joint; mid and hind
metatarsi fully as wide as their tibiae, but definitely shorter;
claws without basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind margins of the
segments not depressed; segment six very slightly concave
laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight with numerous
erect hairs visible, the ventral plate largely bare, but without an
apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and shallow on cheeks, sparse below; rather
close on vertex medially but very sparse laterally; close laterally
on clypeus and supraclypeal area, but largely impunctate
medially; rather fine and distinctly separated on mesonotum
medially, closer laterally and on scutellum; fine and close on
pleura above, but coarser and definitely separated below; uni¬
formly close and minute on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely ferruginous beneath; mandi¬
bles obscurely reddish; tegulae reddish-piceous, polished; wings
subhyaline, slightly darker apically and in radial cell, nervures
piceous; hind legs entirely ferruginous, the front ones piceous,
the middle pair intermediate; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks, pleura and legs; more pale
ochraceous on propodeum and basal segment of abdomen, with
dense ochraceous patches around pronotal tubercles, behind wing
bases, and at posterior lateral angles of mesonotum, the scutello-
mesothoracic suture ochraceous fasciate; fuscous on vertex,
mesonotum and scutellum, with a fuscous patch on upper pleura
and fuscous tufts on pronotal tubercles; mesonotum with short
inconspicuous pale pubescence in addition to the longer dark
hairs; face and clypeus with intermixed blackish and white
pubescence; short and blackish on discs of segments two to four
of abdomen, segments five and six with yellowish tomentum and
erect black hairs; segments one to five with entire but rather
narrow yellowish apical fasciae; scopa entirely pale ochraceous.
Type, —Female; Chapada, Brazil, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.,
no. 4153]. Paratypes .—7 9 ; topotypical, November, March and
May, [A. N. S. P.]. 5 9 ; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
The legs are more blackish in these latter paratypes, but
otherwise they seem to be identical.
Megachile inconstans new species
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 6.5 mm.
Structure: Face broader than long; eyes slightly conver^ng
below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially, with-
TRANS. AM. SNT. SOC., LVI.
234 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
out a definite median denticle; mandibles 4-dentate (of the
colombiana type, PL XIII), the third tooth broadly truncate,
with a cutting edge between the third and fourth; cheeks narrower
than eyes, slightly narrowed above; vertex fiat, hind margin
incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer edge of vertex than to eyes;
basal joint of fiagellum longer than the pedicel, subequal in
length to the second joint; mid and hind metatarsi shorter than
their tibiae, but subequal to them in width; claws without
evident basal teeth; abdomen cordate, the hind margins not at
all depressed; segment six nearly straight laterally in dorsal
aspect, in profile straight with numerous erect hairs visible, the
ventral plate largely bare, but without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very close and fine on cheeks and face; rather
close on vertex medially, but sparse laterally; rather close and
fine on clypeus and supraclypeal area laterally, but these with
definite median impunctate areas; sparse on mesonotum medially,
but fine and close laterally and anteriorly, as also on scutellum;
very fine and densely crowded on pleura above, coarser and more
definitely separated below; very fine and close on abdomen
throughout.
Color: Black; antennae somewhat purplish-brown beneath;
tegulae ferruginous; wings quite deeply and uniformly infuscated,
the nervures black; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: White on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs, and
basal segment of abdomen; thin and black on vertex, mesonotum,
scutellum, and discs of segments two to four of abdomen; the
scutello-mesothoracic suture subfasciate; intermixed black and
white on face and clypeus; segments five and six with short greyish
pilosity and longer erect black hairs; segments one to five with
narrow, entire, greyish-white apical fasciae, broader laterally and
on the apical segments; scopa entirely pale ochraceous.
Type, —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
Megachile angularis new species
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face broader than long; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially, with
the slightest indication of a median denticle; mandibles 4-dentate
(of the colombiana type, PI. XIII), the third tooth broadly
truncate, a long cutting edge between the third and fourth;
cheeks narrower than eyes, slightly narrowed above; vertex fiat,
hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer edge of vertex
than to eyes; basal joint of fiagellum considerably longer than
the pedicel, subequal in length to the second joint; mid and hind
THEODOBE BERTIS MITCHELL
235
metatarsi slightly narrower and distinctly shorter than their
tibiae; claws without distinct basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind
margins of the segments not depressed; segment six slightly
concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight with numer¬
ous visible erect hairs, the ventral plate largely bare, with only a
very low and inconspicuous bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine, shallow and rather close on the shining
cheeks; deeper on vertex, rather close medially, more sparse
laterally; close and rather coarse on clypeus and supraclypeal
area laterally, rather sparse medially, but cljrpeus without a
definite impunctate area; close and rather fine but not crowded
on mesonotum and scutellum; more densely crowded on pleura;
very fine and close on abdomen basally, becoming somewhat more
coarse and distinctly separated on segment five, very close and
fine on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae more brownish beneath; tegulae
reddish-piceous; wings subhyaline, nervures ferruginous to
blackish; legs more or less suffused with red; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: White at sides of face and below antennae, on
cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs, and basal segment of abdomen;
more yellowish, with intermixed long black hairs on clypeus, and
mixed black and white between antennae; black on vertex,
mesonotum and scutellum, and discs of abdominal segments two
to five with very short black pubescence, these with narrow,
entire, white apical fasciae; segment six with an extremely fine
whitish pilosity and longer erect black hairs; scopa white, black
laterally on segment six.
Type, —Female; (locality label impossible to decipher), [Meyer].
Mes^achile numerus new species
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved, with a very
slight median denticle; mandibles 4-dentate (of the colombiana
type, PI. XIII), the third tooth broadly truncate, deeply emargi-
nate between the third and fourth where the cutting edge is
located; cheeks narrower than eyes, narrowed above; vertex flat,
hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex
than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum slightly longer than pedicel,
subequal in length to the second joint; mid and hind metatarsi
fully as broad as their tibiae, but considerably shorter; claws
without basal teeth; abdomen cordate, apical margins of the
segments not at all depressed; segment six very slightly concave
laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight, with numerous
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
236 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hTMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
visible erect hairs, the ventral plate largely bare on apical portion,
but without a distinct apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks and vertex medially,
very sparse on vertex laterally; coarse and scattered on clypeus,
which has a median impunctate line; scattered but fine on su-
praclypeal area; rather widely spaced on mesonotum medially,
closer laterally and anteriorly; minute and sparse on scutellum
medially, fine and very close laterally; fine and close on pleura
above, coarse and more distinctly separated below; very fine and
close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely ferruginous beneath; tegulae
reddish-piceous, more ferruginous on anterior margin; wings
slightly infuscated, nervures piceous to black; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks, pleura, sternum, propodeum,
legs, and basal segment of abdomen, and a conspicuous white
tuft around each pronotal tubercle and at posterior lateral angles
of mesonotum; mixed black and white on face and clypeus;
blackish or fuscous on vertex, disc of mesonotum, scutellum, with
a black patch on each pleuron above and a conspicuous fuscous
tuft between antennae and on each pronotal tubercle; scuteUo-
mesothoracic suture subfasciate; pubescence very short and
blackish on discs of abdominal segments, these with only very
thin inconspicuous pale apical fasciae; segment six with greyish
appressed pubescence and fine erect black hairs; scopa pale
ochraceous with the exception of a few black hairs on segment six
apically.
Type. —Female; Buena vista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratypes .—
8 $; topotypical. 2 9 ; Tapyta, Paraguay, November, 1925,
[Meyer].
Megachile emendata new species
Female. —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face broader than long; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus practically straight, with a very
minute median denticle, otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate,
third tooth broadly truncate, with a long cutting edge between
the third and fourth; cheeks narrower than eyes, sUghtly nar¬
rowed above; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli
much nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
slightly longer than pedicel, subequal in length to second joint;
mid and hind metatarsi subequal in width to their tibiae, but
considerably shorter; claws without definite basal teeth; abdomen
cordate, apical margins of the segments not depressed; segment
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
237
six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile
straight with numerous erect black hairs visible, the ventral plate
largely bare, but without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very close and fine on cheeks and face; more
coarse on vertex where the punctures are close medially but very
sparse laterally; scattered on clypeus and supraclypeal area
laterally, but these almost impunctate medially; separated to a
slight degree on mesonotum medially, but otherwise densely
crowded on mesonotum, scutellum and pleura; very minute and
close on abdomen basally, becoming slightly more coarse and
less close apically.
Color; Black; antennae deep ferruginous below; mandibles
obscurely reddish apically; tegulae pale ferruginous; wings sub¬
hyaline, slightly infuscated apically, nervures deep ferruginous
to piceous; legs more or less suffused with red; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks and pleura; more pale ochra-
ceous on legs, propodeum and basal segments of abdomen, with
dense ochraceous fringes around pronotal tubercles and large
tufts behind wing bases, the scutello-mesothoracic suture only
thinly fasciate; fuscous to black on vertex, mesonotum and
scutellum, with fuscous patches on pleura above and a similar
tuft on each pronotal tubercle, the mesonotum also with short
pale hairs intermixed; intermixed pale and blackish hairs on face
and clypeus; intermixed blackish and ochraceous and very short
on discs of middle abdominal segments, more blackish on segment
five; segments one to five with entire pale ochraceous apical
fasciae, these but slightly broader on apical segments; segment
six with ochraceous tomentum and erect blackish hairs; scopa
ochraceous except for a few lateral black hairs on segment six.
Type, —Female; Chapada, Brazil, March, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4154]. Paratypes ,—10 9 ; topotypical, October,
March and April, [A. N. S. P.j.
Megachile brasiliensis Dalla Torre
1853. Megachile denticulata Smith (nec Fairmaire), Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus.,
I, p. 185.
1896. Megackile hrasiliensis Dalla Torre, Cat. Hymen., x, p. 422.
1913. Megachile denticulata Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 213.
1920. Megachile brasiliensis Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, xii, p. 201.
1927. Megachile brasiliensis Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxxi, Art. 12,
p. 13.
Chapada, Brazil, January and April, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S.
P., 26 cf; compared with type, (Waterston)].
TRANS. All. ENT. SOC., I.TI.
238 NEOTBOPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile anthidioides Radoszkowski (Pis. X and XII)
1874. Megachile anthidioides Radoszkowski, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, xlvii,
p. 147.
1879. Megachile anthidioides Smith, Descr. N. Sp. Hymen. Brit. Mus., p. 78.
1902. Megachile anthidioides Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, v, p. 437.
1905. Megachile anthidioides Cockerell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxi, p. 341.
1908. Megachile anthidioides Friese, Apid. v. Argentina, (Silkeborg), p. 64.
1912. Megachile anthidioides Joergensen, Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Syst., xxxii,
p. 124.
1913. MegachUe anthidioides Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 180.
1920. Megachile anthidioides Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, xii, p, 198.
Puerto Bertoni, Alto Parana, Paraguay, [M. C. Z., 1 cf; det.
Schrottky],
Megachile prudens new species
AfaZe.—Size: Length, 8.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes converging below;
apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially; mandibles
4-dentate, with a basal acute inferior projection (somewhat
similar to colombiana^ PI. X); cheeks subequal in width to eyes,
simple below; vertex flattened, hind margin slightly incurved;
lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal
joint of flagellum slightly longer than the pedicel, the following
joints about twice this length; front coxae rather densely pubes¬
cent anteriorly, with moderately long spines; front femora
slightly keeled beneath apically; front tarsi not dilated, but the
metatarsus excavated on anterior margin; mid tibia longer than
the metatarsus, without an apical spur; abdomen rather short
and broad, somewhat flattened, apical margins of the segments
rather narrowly depressed, more deeply so on apical segments;
dorsal surface of segment six vertical in position, the carina with
a small rounded median emargination, obtuse on each side of
this, the apical margin of the segment with low but evident
lateral teeth but without median teeth; segment seven inevident;
four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and close in general, being densely crowded
on face, clypeus, mesonotum and scutellum; more distinctly
separated but close on vertex and pleura; rather, coarse but
shallow on cheeks; minute and close on abdomen; hardly evident
on tegulae; irregularly scattered on legs.
Color: Black in general; antennae deep reddish above, more
ferruginous beneath; legs and tegulae entirely ferruginous; wings
pale yellowish, the nervures brownish-yellow; spurs pale yellow¬
ish.
THEODORli: BERTI8 MITCHELL
239
Pubescence: Ocbraceous on vertex, thorax above and abdomen,
becoming more whitish on face, cheeks, pleura and sternum;
face with intermixed black hairs; segments four and five with
short inconspicuous black hairs; segments one to five with entire,
rather broad and dense, ochraceous apical fasciae; segment six
rather densely covered with greyish tomentum, with a few
scattered, erect dark hairs; tarsi without evident fringes, the
pubescence more golden.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.,
no. 4156].
Megachile continue new species (Pis. X and XI)
Male, —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing,* 7 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad above as it is long; eyes
slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus slightly
incurved medially; mandibles 4-dentate, with a rather small acute
basal inferior projection; cheeks about as broad as eyes, simple
below; vertex flat, hind margins slightly incurved; lateral ocelli
slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
slightly longer than pedicel, the following joints slightly more
than twice the length of the pedicel, the apical one not Elated;
front coxae thinly pubescent anteriorly, with rather short spines
but no red bristles; front femora not distinctly keeled; front tarsi
slender, not dilated, but slightly excavated on anterior margin;
mid tibia longer than the metatarsus, with neither an apical sp\ir
or spine or protuberance; hind legs slender; abdomen rather short
and broad, apical margins of the segments quite broadly and
deeply depressed; segment six ventral in position, the carina
rather low, rounded on each side of the median emargination,
the apical margin of the segment with widely separated carinate
median teeth, lateral teeth inevident; segment seven inevident;
four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Densely crowded on mesonotum, scutellum and
pleura; shallow and close on cheeks; close and fine on clypeus
and on vertex medially, with irregular small shining spaces on
vertex laterally; minute and close on abdomen throughout,
segment six finely rugoso-punctate, with scattered minute
tubercles; tegulae with very minute indistinct scattered punc¬
tures.
Color: Black; antennae deep ferruginous; legs, tegulae and
ventral portion of basal abdominal segment lighter ferruginous;
mandibles obscurely reddish apically; wings yellowish, more
hyaline apically, nervures yellowish-ferruginous; spurs yellow.
TRANS. AM. SNT. SOC., LYI.
240 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Pubescence: White on face, cheeks below, sternum, and basal
leg joints, with numerous intermixed black hairs on face; fulvous
on vertex and quite densely so on dorsum of thorax, paHng to
ochraceous on pleura; long and ochraceous on basal segment of
abdomen, very short and ochraceous on discs of segments two to
four, segment five with dense ochraceous tomentum basally and
a few short erect black hairs; segments one to four with quite
broad ochraceous apical fasciae, and a paler narrower one on
segment five; segment six without tomentum, with only scattered
erect blackish hairs; stemites one to three with white apical
hair fringes; tarsal fringes very short, ochraceous, the apical leg
joints with very short ochraceous pubescence.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil, December, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4156]. Paratypes .—5 c?; topotypical, Decem¬
ber, January and April, [A. N. S. P.j.
Megachile aqualens Haliday
1836. Megachile aqualens Haliday, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, xvii, p. 320.
1902. Megachile apidpennis Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, v, p. 442.
1908. Megachile pleuralis Vachal, Rev. d’Ent., xxvi, p. 237.
1909. Megachile pleuralis Vachal, Rev. d^Ent., xxviii, p. 5.
1913. Megachile aqualens Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 195.
1923. Megachile aqualens Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), xi, p. 457.
Chapada, Brazil, December, January, March, August, (H. H.
Smith), [A. N. S. P., 28 cf ]. Tapyta, Paraguay, November
1925, [Meyer, 1 cfj.
Megachile digna new species (PI. XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially;
mandibles 4-dentate, with an acute basal inferior projection;
cheeks subequal in width to eyes, simple below; vertex flat, hind
margin incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and
edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum slightly longer than the
pedicel, the following joints twice this length, apical one not
dilated; front coxae largely bare anteriorly, with flattened spines
of moderate length; front femora not strongly keeled; front tarsi
not dilated, but the metatarsus quite deeply excavated on
anterior margin; mid tibia slightly longer than the narrow
metatarsus, without an apical spur, but with a very short
inconspicuous apical spine; hind tarsi narrow; abdomen short,
broad and rather flat, apical margins of the segments slightly
depressed; dorsal surface of segment six vertical, the carina quite
THEODOBE BEBTIS MITCHELL
241
conspicuous, roundly emarginate medially; the apical margin of
the segment without evident median teeth, the lateral teeth
evident; tip of segment seven barely evident; four sternites
exposed.
Puncturation: Close in general on head and thorax; fine and
close on face and on vertex medially, more distinct on vertex
laterally; shallow on cheeks, close above, more distinctly sepa¬
rated below; fine and densely crowded on mesonotum and
scutellum; close on pleura, fine above, more coarse below; very
fine on the shining abdomen, close basally, rather sparse on
segment four, but close and fine on segments five and six.
Color: Black; antennae and legs more reddish-fuscous, apical
joints of the tarsi brownish-yellow; wings subhyaline, nervures
and tegulae yellowish-ferruginous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Fulvous on vertex, thorax above and basal
segments of abdomen, more ochraceous and dense over entire
face; pale ochraceous to whitish on cheeks, sternum, and on legs;
blackish on discs of segments four and five, and apically and
laterally on segment three; segments two to five with thin
inconspicuous pale ochraceous apical fasciae; segment six with
rather dense whitish tomentum and scattered erect but incon¬
spicuous dark hairs; sternites one to three with broad white
apical fasciae, and the fourth with a narrow interrupted white
fascia.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, March, (H. H. Smith), [A. N.
S. P., no. 4144].
Megachile paraxanthura Cockerell
1914. Megachile paraxanthira Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), xiii,
p. 428.
Villarrica, Paraguay, [Meyer, 1 cf*]. Cordova, Argentina,
(Davis), [M. C. Z., 1 cTj.
The mandibles resemble those of anthidioides (PI. X), while
the mid tibia is much as in coniinua (PI. XII).
Megachile angusta new species
Male. —Size: Length, 7 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2 mm.;
anterior wing, 5.5 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus entire; mandibles 4-dentate,
with a triangular acute sub-basal inferior projection (similar to
anthidioides, PI. X); cheeks as broad as eyes, simple below;
vertex slightly rounded, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli
slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
equal in length to pedicel, the following joints twice this length,
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
242 NEOTBOPICAL MEGACHILB (hTMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAB)
apical one not dilated; front coxae thinly pubescent anteriorly,
with short spines having rounded tips; front legs slender, the
tarsi narrow, but the metatarsus slightly excavated anteriorly;
the four posterior legs slender, mid tibia longer than the meta¬
tarsus, with neither an apical apur nor a spine-like projection
(as in continua, PI. XII); abdomen narrow and parallel-sided,
apical margins of the segments narrowly depressed; segment six
hidden by segment five in dorsal aspect, the carina directed
ventrally, rather low, with a rather small semicircular median
emargination, median teeth of the apical margin of the segment
inevident, the lateral ones just visible; segment seven inevident;
four stemites exposed.
Puncturation: Dense on face and clypeus; shallow but close on
cheeks; close but distinct on vertex medially, more sparse
laterally, the surface shining; sparse medially on the dull meso-
notum, fine and densely crowded laterally and anteriorly; rather
sparse on the more shining clypeus; dense on pleura, especially
above; minute and relatively sparse on the shining abdomen, but
very close on segment five; minute and scattered on tegulae.
Color: Black; antennae and tegulae more fuscous; apical joints
of tarsi brownish-ferruginous; wings slightly infuscated, quite
deeply so in region of radial cell, the nervures fuscous; spurs pale
yellow.
Pubescence: Whitish on face, clypeus, cheeks, sternum and
legs, with intermixed long black hairs on clypeus and between
antennae; blackish on vertex, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura
above, and basal abdominal segment, with patches of long white
hairs in front of and behind wing bases; short, thin and black on
discs of segments two to five, segments one to four with evidences
of white apical fasciae at sides, and segment five with an entire
white fascia; segment six covered with dense white tomentum,
with a few erect black hairs; sternites two and three with entire
white apical hair fringes; tarsal fringes very short and thin,
blackish on front metatarsus, entirely white on mid tarsi.
Type. —Male; Prieta, Rep. Honduras, April 5, 1924, [Meyer].
Megachile concave new species (Pis. X and XI)
Male. —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structiu-e: Face about as broad as long; eyes subparallel;
clypeus bare above, apical margin slightly crenulate medially;
mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection, the outer
face deeply concave, the concavity bordered by sharp ridges
above and below; cheeks broader than eyes medially, with a large
polished non-pubescent, slightly concave area below; vertex
THEODOBE BERTIB MITCHELL
243
slightly rounded, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly
nearer eyes than to edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum about
as long as the pedicel, the other joints twice this length, the apical
one flattened and very broadly dilated; front coxae bare and
polished anteriorly, with robust, flattened, strongly divergent
spines which are rounded apically, a small patch of ferruginous
bristles in front of each spine; front femora not keeled; front tarsi
broadly dilated and much flattened, the metatarsi concave on
anterior margin, this joint about as long as broad, and each of
joints two to four much broader than long; mid tibia about twice
as long as the metatarsus, with the usual apical spur; hind
femora robust, the metatarsi short and slightly bowed; apical
margins of abdominal segments slightly depressed; dorsal surface
of segment six vertical in position, the carina low, broadly and
rounSy emarginated medially, sharply pointed on either side,
with a low dentiform protuberance located obliquely above on
each side, apical margin of the segment with carinate median
teeth, which are nearer to the acute lateral teeth than to each
other; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and close in general, especially on cheeks
and basal abdominal segments; more coarse and sparse on clypeus
above; and segment six very ^ely rugoso-punctate.
Color: Black; antennae dull ferruginous; anterior surface of
front coxae pale yellowish in part, the front femora and tibiae
ferruginous, the metatarsi blackish anteriorly, ferruginous pos¬
teriorly, joints two to five ivory, the second partly blackish-in
front; mid and hind legs entirely black; tegulae pale ferruginous;
wings uniformly yellowish, the nervures ferruginous; front spurs
pale yellowish, the others deep red.
Pubescence: Entirely pale ochraceous on face, vertex, cheeks
and thorax; mandibles with a conspicuous pencil of blackish
pubescence at base below, and the lower margin of the concave
area of the cheeks with a shorter dense tuft of ferruginous hairs;
pubescence of legs largely pale, the anterior tarsus with a thin
ochraceous fringe posteriorly; segment one and base of segment
two of abdomen with ochraceous pubescence, discs of segments
three to five short black pubescent, with very broad ochraceous
apical fasciae, more or less interrupted medially; segment six with
scattered erect black hairs and very inconspicuous silvery pilosity;
sternites one to three thinly pale pubescent, the fourth bare and
polished.
Type. —Male; Villarrica, Paraguay, [January ?] 1, 1922,
[Meyer].
TSANS. AU. ENT. SOO., LVI.
244 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTERA MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile aurea new species (Pis. XI and XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.6 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes subparallel; apical
margin of cljrpeus entire; mandibles 3-dentate, without an
inferior projection; cheeks broader than eyes, at least below, and
simple below; vertex almost flat, hind margin very slightly
incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge
of vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel,
the following joints about twice as long, the apical one flattened
and rather broadly dilated; front coxae thinly pubescent anteri¬
orly, with very short diverging spines, and with a conspicuous
patch of red bristles at the base of each spine; front femora
without a distinct keel; front tarsi dilated but not excavated, the
second joint subequal to the metatarsus in length; mid tibia
twice the length of the metatarsus, with an apical spur; abdomen
rather short and broad, the sides subparallel, apical margins of
the segments slightly depressed; dorsal surface of segment six
vertical, the carina prominent, very slightly crenulate laterally,
with a semicircular median emargination, apical margin of the
segment with barely evident median teeth, the lateral ones
inevident; segment seven barely evident, triangularly pointed;
four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Very clorfe and rather fine on head and thorax;
extremely dense and fine on cheeks; minute and inconspicuous,
but rather close on the shining abdomen, very close on segment
six; minute and rather close on tegulae; variable on legs, but
mostly fine on femora, coarse on the tibiae.
Color: Head and thorax black; antennae, including the scape,
legs, spurs, tegulae, and entire abdomen ferruginous, the antennae
rather deeply so, the front metatarsus rather yellowish-ferrugi¬
nous, the second and following joints rather distinctly yellowish;
wings faintly yellowish, the nervures yellowish-ferruginous.
Pubescence: Dense and white on face, with a few intermixed
black hairs on clypeus above; quite dense and fulvous on dorsum
of thorax and vertex; more ochraceous on cheeks below, on
pleura, propodeum, legs and basal abdominal segments; whitish
on sternum and on cheeks above where it is very short and thin;
lower margin of mandibles with a long dense ochraceous fringe
basally; apical segments of abdomen with very thin scattered
whitish tomentum and erect black hairs; posterior fringe of
front tarsi creamy-white, tipped with fuscous, ferruginous basally
beneath, otherwise fuscous; mid tarsi with a very thin long white
posterior fringe; hind tarsi fringed in front and behind with
black hairs.
Type, —Male; Buena vista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
THEODOBB BERTIS MITCHELL
245
Megachile jucunda new species (PL XI)
Male, —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus incurved medially; mandibles
3-dentate, without an inferior projection; cheeks below broader
than eyes, with a large non-pubescent area below, but not
tuberculate; vertex slightly rounded, hind margin very slightly
incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of
vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal to pedicel in length, the
following joints about twice as long as broad, the apical one very
slightly dilated; front coxae bare anteriorly, with a large patch
of long, bright red bristles, the spines quite long and rather
narrow, somewhat flattened, slightly curved forward; front
femora hardly keeled apically; front tibiae short, about half as
broad as long; front tarsi widely dilated, the metatarsus almost
as wide as long, with the anterior margin deeply excavated, the
other joints about as broad as long; mid tibia longer than the
metatarsus, with an apical spur; abdomen short and broad,
apical margins of the segments narrowly depressed; dorsal surface
of segment six vertical in position, with a rather low but large
central protuberance, the carina rather low, irregularly crenulate
or subemarginate, apical margin of the segment with carinate
median teeth, the lateral teeth inevident; segment seven barely
visible, pointed medially; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Close and fine in general; sparse and rather
coarse on the shining upper half of the clypeus; fine and densely
crowded on cheeks, vertex, mesonotum, pleura, and basal
abdominal segments; more distinct on scutellum and apical
segments of abdomen, but minute and crowded on segment six;
minute and scattered on tegulae.
Color: Black in general; antennae brownish-ferruginous be¬
neath; front coxae and trochanters yellowish on anterior surfaces,
the femora yellowish on lower surfaces, blackish above, the
tibiae blackish on outer face basally, becoming yellowish apically,
the inner faces yellowish or ferruginous, the tarsi dull yellowish;
mid femora and tibiae largely blackish, the tibiae reddish on
outer face apically; mid and hind tarsi ferruginous, the hind legs
otherwise blackish; tegulae yellowish-ferruginous; wings uni¬
formly moderately infuscated, violaceous apically, the nervures
fuscous to brownish; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Ochraceous on face, cheeks above, and thinly so
on legs, the upper half of the clypeus largely bare; fulvous on
vertex, thorax above where it is dense, on pleura above, and on
the basal abdominal segment; blackish on discs of segments
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
246 NEOTROPICAL HEQACHILB (hTMENOPTERA : MEOACHILIDAE)
three to five, and on segment two laterally; segment six with
short thin greyish tomentnm, segments three to five with entire
fulvous apical fasciae; bare area at lower angle of cheeks fringed
with long, dense ochraceous or creamy pubescence; front coxae,
trochanters and femora with long dense whitish pubescence
posteriorly; front tarsi with a pale ochraceous posterior fringe,
tipped with fuscous.
Type. —Male; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
Megachile aequalis new species (Pis. X and XI)
Male, —Size: Length, 14 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 10 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes subparallel;
apical margin of clypeus slightly emarginate medially; mandibles
3-dentate, with an inferior projection; cheeks as broad as eyes
with a robust triangular projection beneath base of mandible;
vertex flat, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli slightly
nearer eyes than to edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum slightly
longer than pedicel, the following joints twice the length of the
basal one, the apical one not dilated; front coxae bare anteriorly,
with rather long tapering acute spines, without red bristles;
front femora not keeled; front tarsi somewhat dilated, but not
excavated on anterior margin; mid tibia twice the len^h of the
metatarsus, with an apical spur; hind legs ordinary; abdomen
parallel-sided, apical margins of the segments rather broadly
depressed; dorsal surface of segment six vertical in position,
slightly protuberant medially, the carina broadly and roundly
emarginate medially, the apical margin of the segment with the
teeth inevident; segment seven barely evident, with a small
median denticle; four sternites visible.
Puncturation: Fine and quite close in general; shallow but
quite close on cheeks; close but distinct on vertex, mesonotum
and pleura above; more sparse on scutellum'and pleura below;
minute and close on abdomen, densely crowded on segment six;
minute and close on tegulae.
Color: Black; antennae dull ferruginous beneath; mandibles,
tegulae and abdomen beneath ferruginous; wings yellowish,
nervures brownish-yellow; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Fulvous on vertex and thorax above; more
ochraceous on sides of face and on cheeks, pleura, basal segment
of abdomen, and legs; clypeus with erect black hairs and long
appressed ochraceous pubescence; whitish above clypeus between
antennae; blackish on discs of segments two and three of abdomen,
with a slight amount on segment four, segment five largely
covered with dense ochraceous tomentum, and segments two and
three with similar tomentum basally; segments five and six with
THEODORE BEBTIS MITCHELL
247
erect black hairs, and segment six with a vepr fine whitish pilosity ;
segments one to four with entire dense apical fasciae; front tarsi
with rather short dense ochraceous posterior fringes, the mid
tarsi with similar long thin fringes.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, November, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4133]. Paratypes.—5 cf; topotypical, [A. N.
S. P.].
Masrachile blanda new species (Pis. X, XI and Xll)
Male, —Size: Length, 8.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2,5 mm.;
anterior wing, 6.5 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than long; eyes con¬
verging below; apical margin of clypeus entire; mandibles 3-
dentate, without an inferior projection; cheeks subequal to eyes
in width, simple below; vertex slightly rounded, hind margin
incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of
vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal to pedicel in length, the
following joints hardly twice as long (apical one missing); front
coxae thinly pubescent anteriorly, with short slender spines;
front tarsi dilated, but not excavated, the second joint subequal
to the metatarsus in length, both of them narrow basally, much
dilated apically; mid tibia twice as long as the metatarsus, with
an apical spur; hind legs slender; abdomen slightly narrowed
posteriorly, apical margins of the segments depressed laterally;
dorsal surface of segment six vertical in position, the carina
rather conspicuous, irregularly crenulate, subemarginate medi¬
ally, the median carinate teeth and the lateral acute ones of the
apical margin of the segment barely evident; segment seven
hardly evident; four sternites visible.
Puncturation: Densely crowded on mesonotum and pleura, but
more distinctly separated on scutellum; very close on vertex,
becoming very fine and rather close on cheeks; close and fine on
clypeus above; minute and very close on abdomen throughout;
tegulae almost impunctate.
Color: Black; antennae more fuscous beneath; legs more or less
suffused with dark red, the front tarsi yellowish-ferruginous, as
also the inner faces of the front femora and tibiae; tegulae
yellowish-ferruginous; wings uniformly and slightly infuscated,
the nervures ferruginous basally, fuscous apically; spurs ferrugi¬
nous to piceous.
Pubescence: Dense and pale ochraceous on lower, half of
clypeus, at sides of face, and between antennae, and very thinly
so on vertex and mesonotum; black on upper half of clypeus and
below each antenna; fuscous on pleura above, on propodeum
above, and on posterior portion of scutellum; more whitish on
cheeks, pleura below and sternum; short, ochraceous to silvery
TRANS. AM. SNT. SOO., LVl.
248 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (HYMENOPTERArMEGACHILIDAE)
on legs, more or less fuscous on outer faces of mid metatarsi;
blackish and mostly short on segments one to three of abdomen,
segment five entirely covered with dense yellow tomentum, with
longer erect black hairs, and segment four with similar tomentum
apically, segment six with appressed silvery pubescence and short
erect black hairs, segment three with an apical yellow fascia;
sternites two to four with whitish apical hair fringes; tarsal
fringes hardly evident.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil, March, (H. H. Smith), [A. N.
S. P., no. 4143].
Megachile tapytensis Mitchell
1929. Megachile tapytensis Mitchell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., liv, p. 335.
Tapyta, Paraguay, [Mitchell, 1 paratype cf*].
The mandibles are much like those of aequalis (PI. X).
Megachile guaranitica Schrottky
1908. Megachile guaranitica Schrottky, Anal. Soc. Cien. Argentina, lxv,
p. 236.
1908. Megachile guaranitica var. catamarcensis Schrottky, Anal. Soc. Cien.
Argentina, lxv, p. 237.
1908. Megachile gomphrenae and var. Friese, Apid. v. Argentina, (Silkeborg),
p. 64.
1909. MegachUe guaranitica var. catamarcensis Schrottky, Anal. Soc. Cien.
Argentina, Lxviii, p. 268.
1912. Megachile catamarcensis Joergensen, Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Syst., xxxii,
p. 124.
1913. Megachile guaranitica Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 168.
1920. Megachile gveiranitica Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, xii, p. 199.
Ampajango, Argentina, December 1-6, 1920, (2300 m.),
[Mitchell, 1 9 ; det. Hedickej. Cordoba and La Rioja, Argen¬
tina, [M. C. Z., 5 cfj. Corumba, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., 19].
The mandibles of the female are somewhat similar to conjugalis
(PL XIV).
Megachile congruens new species (PI. XI)
Male, —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm,;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure; Face longer than broad; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus with a slight median emargination
which has a small median denticle; man^bles 3-dentate, without
an inferior projection; cheeks narrower than eyes, simple below;
vertex almost flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum equal
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
249
in length to pedicel, the following joints about twice this length
(apical joints missing); front coxae thinly pubescent in front,
with short tapering spines; front femora not distinctly keeled;
front tarsi dilated, but not excavated anteriorly, the metatarsus
but slightly longer than the second joint; mid tibia twice the
length of the metatarsus, with an apical spur; abdomen short,
apical margins of the segments but slightly depressed, if at all,
except segment five; dorsal surface of segment six vertical in
position, shghtly protuberant medially, the carina low, roundly
emarginate medially, produced into a short spine on each side of
this emargination, teeth of the apical margin of the segment
hardly evident; segment seven barely evident; four sternites
exposed.
Puncturation: Rather fine in general; close on clypeus and
vertex; densely crowded on face; shallow and quite distinctly
separated on mesonotum and scutellum; distinctly separated on
pleura; minute and close on abdomen basally, becoming very
sparse and irregular on segment five which is polished; very fine
and close on segment six which has scattered minute denticula-
tions.
Color: Black; antennae brownish-ferruginous; mandibles and
legs obscurely reddish, the tarsi becoming yellowish-ferruginous
apically; front femora and tibiae more ferruginous, yellowish on
the inner faces, front metatarsus yellowish-ferruginous, the
following joints ivory; tegulae bronze-hyaline; wings slightly
yellowish, the nervures ferruginous; spurs yellowish-ferruginous.
Pubescence: Long and ochraceous on head, thorax and basal
segment of abdomen, more whitish on face with intermixed black
hairs; fuscous on cheeks below; ochraceous on legs, but fuscous
on outer faces of mid tarsi, with a fuscous posterior fringe; hind
tarsi with fuscous fringes, the posterior fringes of the front tarsi
mixed fuscous and whitish; segments two to five of abdomen with
very broad ochraceous apical fasciae, that on segment five
somewhat narrower, basal portions of these segments thinly black
pubescent; segment six with a thin silvery pilosity and a few
erect pale hairs.
Type, —Male; Pedra Branca, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4150]. Paratypes .—1 cf ; topotypical. 1 cT;
Corumba, Brazil. 1 cf; Uacarizal, Brazil, [all A. N. S. P.].
Megachile Bella new species (Pis. X, XI and XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face longer than wide; eyes subparallel; apical
mar^n of clypeus with a shallow median emargination which has
a distinct median denticle; mandibles 3-dentate, without an
TRANS. AM. ENT. SCO., LVI.
250 NEOTROPICAL MBGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
inferior projection; cheeks as broad as eyes, simple below; vertex
flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from
eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal in
length to pedicel, the following joints about twice as long, the
apical one not dilated; front coxae thinly pubescent anteriorly,
with short flattened spines which are rounded apically; front
femora not keeled; front tarsi slightly dilated, but not excavated,
the metatarsus somewhat longer than the second joint; mid tibia
longer than the metatarsus, with an apical spur; abdomen rather
ovoid, apical margins of only the apical segments distinctly
depressed; dorsal surface of segment six vertical in position,
slightly protuberant medially near base, the carina quite con¬
spicuous, triangularly pointed on each side of the semicircular
median emargination, median and lateral teeth of the apical
margin of the segment barely evident; segment seven evident,
transversely carinate; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Rather coarse but quite close on vertex, meso-
notum and pleura above; more widely separated on pleura below;
somewhat finer and more sparse on scutellum; shallow and close
on cheeks; coarse and close on clypeus except medially; very
fine, quite close, and evenly distributed on abdomen, segment six
almost rugoso-punctate but shining, especially the margin of the
Carina.
Color: Black; antennae ferruginous below, darker above;
mandibles suffused with ferruginous toward apex; legs, tegulae,
basal abdominal segment, and sternites of the other segments
bright ferruginous; wings very faintly yellowish, the nervures
brownish-ferruginous; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence; Dense, fulvous and quite long on vertex and
dorsum of thorax; more ochraceous on cheeks, pleura, propodeum,
legs, and basal segment of abdomen; face and clypeus with rather
long but decumbent ochraceous pubescence, more whitish be¬
tween antennae, and numerous erect long black hairs below
level of antennae; segments one to five of abdomen largely
covered with dense yellow tomentum, but these with some short
blackish pubescence across base, segment five with numerous
short erect black hairs in addition to the tomentum, and segment
six with only erect black hairs; sternites two and three fringed
with white pubescence; posterior fringe of front tarsi rather short
and thin, creamy-white without, more fuscous beneath; mid tarsi
with very thin posterior ochraceous fringes; hind metatarsi
fringed on both margins with blackish hairs, those on the apical
joints ferruginous.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil, May, (H. H. Smith), [A. N.
S. P., no. 4135]. Paratypes ,—23 c?; topotypical, throughout the
year, [A. N. S. P.].
THEODORE BERTIB MITCHELL
251
Megachile trucis new species (Pis. X and XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.7 mm.;
anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Face about as long as broad; eyes subparallel; apical
margin of clypeus with a rounded shallow median emargination
having a median tubercle; mandibles 3-dentate, without an
inferior projection; cheeks subequal to eyes in width; vertex
flattened, hind margin nearly straight; lateral ocelli subequally
distant from eyes and edge of vertex; first joint of flagellum
subequal to pedicel, these two about equal to the second joint,
the apical one neither dilated nor flattened; front coxae with
short blunt spines; front tarsi slightly dilated, but considerably
narrower than the tibiae, not at all excavated anteriorly; mid
tibia with the usual apical spur; abdomen quite broad and
considerably flattened, apical margins of the segments but slightly
depressed, but segments two and three quite deeply grooved
basally; carina of segment six prominent, with a deep rounded
median emargination, the apical margin of the segment without
evident teeth; segment seven not visible; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and crowded on vertex and cheeks; more
coarse and distinct on the shining clypeus; thorax sHning,
although closely and finely punctate on mesonotum and scu-
tellum, more coarsely punctate on pleura; minute and very close
on abdomen; segment six finely rugoso-punctate.
Color: Black, with generally dark legs, the apical tarsal joints
yellowish-ferruginous; antennae and tegulae ferruginous, and
abdominal sternites suffused with ferruginous; wings yellowish-
hyaline, the nervures yellowish-ferruginous.
Pubescence: Whitish at sides of face and apical margin of
clypeus; largely black on most of clypeus; black and ashy-white
intermixed on cheeks and between antennae; long, dense and
brownish-ferruginous on vertex and dorsum of thorax; whitish
and less dense on thorax laterally and beneath; intermixed
fuscous and whitish on legs, as also the front tarsal fringe, the
hind metatarsi fringed on both margins with black hairs; ab¬
dominal segments largely covered with dense yellow tomentum;
segment one with considerable long fuscous pubescence laterally,
segments two and three with some black hairs across base, segment
' five with erect black hairs contrasting with the yellow tomentum,
and segment six with scattered erect black hairs, entirely lacking
yellow tomentum; sternites with white apical hair fringes.
Type. —Male; Villarrica, Paraguay, November 1923, [Meyer],
This bears a strong resemblance to anthidioides Radoszkowski
as determined by Schrottky, in color of pubescence, and I had
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
262 NEOTBOPICAL MEGACHIIiE (hYMENOPTEBA : MEQACHILIDAE)
determined it as that species before receiving the specimen of
anthidioides. Structurally, however, the two are distinct.
Megachile expleta new species
Male. —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face longer than wide; eyes slightly conver^g
below; apical margin of clypeus with three small denticles
medially; mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection;
cheeks as broad as eyes, simple below; vertex flat, hind margin
incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than to
eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel, the
following joints twice as long, the apical one not dilated; front
coxae thinly pubescent anteriorly, with short flattened spines;
front femora not keeled; front tarsi slightly dilated, but not
excavated anteriorly; mid tibia twice as long as the metatarsus,
with an apical spur; abdomen short and somewhat flattened,
apical margin of segment five depressed laterally, the others not
at all depressed; dorsal surface of segment six almost vertical in
position, the carina conspicuous, with a deep rounded median
emarginatiou (much as in bella, PI. XII), the apical margin of
the segment without evident teeth; segment seven obtuse; four
sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Relatively coarse on head and thorax; minute
on abdomen; close but not densely crowded on vertex, cheeks,
mesonotum, scutellum and pleura; rather widely separated on
the shining and largely bare clypeus; densely crowded on face;
very minute and quite close on the shining abdomen, coarser
but shallow on segment six; tegulae almost impimctate; legs with
relatively coarse sparse shallow punctures.
Color: Head and thorax black, the abdomen suffused with red;
antennae ferruginous; legs obscurely reddish-fuscous, the tarsi
more ferruginous; tegulae dull bronze-yellow to fuscous, changing
at varying angles; wings yellowish, the nervures brownish-yellow;
abdomen more ferruginous apically, blackish basally; spurs deep
ferruginous.
Pubescence: Deep fulvous to fuscous on vertex and thorax
above; face with intermixed black hairs; long and brownish-grey
on cheeks below, with a fuscous patch just above this; more
whitish on sternum; ochraceous on legs, with short inconspicuous
black hairs; front tarsal fringe short, fuscous basally, paler on
apical joints; mid tarsi with dense ochraceous pubescence on
outer face, and a long thin ochraceous posterior fringe; hind
tarsi fringed on both margins with blackish pubescence; abdomen
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
253
with short erect black hairs on segments five and six, and on sides
of segments two to four, these latter apparently broadly covered
apically with dense ochraceous or fulvous tomentum (specimen
in poor condition), but this tomentum lacking on segments five
and six.
Type. —Male; Tapyta, Paraguay, November 1925, [Meyer],
Megachile turpis new species (PI. XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 5 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Face nearly square; eyes subparallel; apical margin
of clypeus with a small median denticle; mandibles 3-dentate,
without an inferior projection; cheeks slightly broader than eyes,
simple below; vertex very slightly rounded, hind margin incurved;
lateral ocelli slightly nearer eyes than to edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum somewhat longer than pedicel, the following
joints twice as long, the apical one not dilated; front coxae
thinly pubescent anteriorly, with very short dentiform spines;
front femora not distinctly keeled; front tarsi slightly dilated,
the metatarsus not excavated anteriorly, rather short but
considerably longer than joint two; mid tibia twice the length
of the metatarsus, with an apical spur; abdomen short, broad and
somewhat flattened, apical margins of the segments depressed
laterally, scarcely at all medially; segment six largely hidden
beneath segment five, slightly protuberant toward base medially,
the Carina conspicuous, with a large semicircular median emargi-
nation, the apical margin of the segment without evident teeth;
segment seven inevident; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Close and rather fine on vertex; shallow and
close on cheeks; coarse and definitely separated on clypeus, at
least medially; distinctly separated on mesonotum mecfially, but
close and fine anteriorly and laterally; distinctly separated on
scutellum; deep and quite widely separated on pleura; very fine
and quite close on abdomen, but segment six more coarsely
rugoso-punctate; scattered and indistinct on tegulae.
Color: Black; antennae (including scape), tegulae, apical tarsal
joints of all the legs, and abdominal sternites ferruginous; wings
quite strongly yellowish, the nervures ferruginous; spurs pale
ferruginous.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous on apical margin of clypeus, on
face above clypeus, and on vertex and dorsum of thorax; more
whitish on cheeks, pleura, sternum, and legs; black and erect on
clypeus and mandibles, the mandibles fringed below with long
black hairs; cheeks below with a large patch of dense fuscous
TBANS. AM. KNT. 80C., LVI,
254 NKOTBOPICAIi MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTEBA : MEGACHILIDAE)
pubescence just behind base of mandibles; discs of segments one
to three of abdomen largely covered with short black pubescence,
this rather long however on segment one, dark hairs on segment
four subappressed and inconspicuous, and segments five and six
with largely appressed silvery pubescence and long erect hairs,
part of which are black, segment four also with considerable
appressed pale pubescence basally; segments one to five with
extremely narrow but entire white apical fasciae.
Type. —Male; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer], Paratypes .—3 o';
topotypical, [Meyer].
One of the paratypes is abnormally small, being only 9 mm.
in length.
Megachile futilis new species (PL XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes converging below;
apical margin of clypeus narrowly incurved medially; mandibles
3-dentate, without an inferior projection; cheeks about as broad
as eyes, simple below; vertex rounded, hind margin slightly
incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of
vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel, the
following joints more than twice this length, the apical one not
dilated; front coxae densely pubescent anteriorly, without spines;
all the legs slender; front tarsi neither dilated nor excavated;
mid tibia longer than the metatarsus, with an apical spur;
abdominal segments slightly depressed on apical margins; seg¬
ment six ventral in position, the carina quite conspicuous, roundly
emarginate medially, apical margin of the segment without
evident teeth; segment seven inevident; four sternites exposed,
but the fourth extremely short, with only the apical margin
visible.
Puncturation: Very fine and close throughout, being densely
crowded on cheeks, vertex, mesonotum, scutellum and pleura
above, somewhat more coarse and distinct on pleura below; very
minute and crowded on abdomen; minute and scattered on
tegulae; fine and close on legs.
Color: Quite uniformly black, but the antennae more fuscous
beneath; front femora and tibiae yellowish-ferruginous on inner
faces; tegulae fuscous; wings slightly infuscated, quite deeply so
in region of radial cell, the nervures brownish-ferruginous; spurs
reddish-yellow.
255
THBODOBE BEBTIS MITCHELL
Pubescence: ’WbitUb and dense on face, cheeks below, and
Bteninia anteTioT\y‘, moTe ocbtaceons and thin on vertex and on
tbotttx above and laterally, a line of black hairs across clypeus
above, and some rather dense dark pubescence around tegulae
and along metanotum and scutellum; short and rather dense
pubescence, which appears blackish or pale ochraceous according
to the angle at which it is seen, on segments one to four of
abdomeh, this more conspicuous laterally; segment six entirely
covered, and segment five more thinly covered, with dense
ochraceous tomentum, and evidences of a slight amount on
segment four, segments four and five with inconspicuous apical
fasciae, these evident on basal segments; apical segments without
any black hairs; front tarsi without evident posterior fringes, but
mid tarsi with long thin white posterior fringes.
Type. —Male; Tapyta, Paraguay, November 1925, [Meyer].
Mesrachile orba Schrottky
1913. Megachile orba Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 214.
Chapada, Brazil, March, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 2 cfj.
Rio Frio, Magdalena, Colombia, February 1 and April 15, 1927,
on Machaerium humboldtiarum, [Salt, 5 cTj.
The mandibles are much as in aegra (PI. X).
Megachile turbulenta new species (PL XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes subparallel; apical
margin of clypeus very slightly incurved medially, and with a very
slight median tubercle; mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior
projection; cheeks slightly narrower than eyes, simple below, the
hind margin carinate; vertex flat, hind margin almost straight;
lateral ocelli much nearer eyes than to edge of vertex; antennae
reaching beyond scutellum, basal joint of flagellum equal to
pedicel in length, the following joints more than twice as long,
the apical one not distinctly dilated; front coxae rather densely
pubescent anteriorly, with short spines; front tarsi neither dilated
nor excavated; mid tibia twice as long as the metatarsus, with an
apical spur; hind legs slender; abdomen somewhat ovoid in shape,
apical margins of the segments broadly but shallowly depressed,
these depressions not evident on basal segments medially;
segment six ventral in position, the carina rather inconspicuous,
rounded on each side of a slight median emargination, apical
margin of the segment without evident teeth; segment seven
hardly evident; four sternites exposed.
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
256 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA : MEQACHILIDAE)
Puncturation: Pine and close on cheeks; somewhat coarser and
distinctly separated on vertex; fine and relatively sparse on the
shining bare clypeus; rather fine and close on mesonotum,
scutellum, and pleura above, much coarser and more sparse on
pleura below; minute and very close on abdomen throughout,
as also on tegulae.
Color: Black; antennae more piceous below; legs black except
for the reddish inner faces of the front femora and tibiae; tegulae
bronzy-piceous; wings subhyaline, but rather deeply infuscated
in region of radial cell; nervures brownish to piceous; spurs
ferruginous.
Pubescence: Dense and pale ochraceous at sides of face and
lower margin of clypeus; more whitish on cheeks, pleura, pro-
podeum and legs, long and dense on cheeks below; vertex and
thorax above with intermixed short dark pubescence and longer
pale hairs; segment one of abdomen with quite dense ochraceous
pubescence above, discs of segments two to four with very short
blackish pubescence, segments five to six, and base of segment
four, covered mth pale ochraceous tomentum, with scattered
erect pale hairs, segment four also with an apical fascia of the
same color, segments two to three subfasciate; sternites with
dense apical whitish hair fringes; tarsal fringes very short and
whitish.
Type, —Male; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratype .—1 cf;
topotypical, [Meyer].
MegacKile ivonensis Cockerell
1927. Megachile ivonensis Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxxi, Art. 12,
pp. 13 and 15.
Buenavista, Santa Cruz, BoHvia, [Meyer, 1 cf].
The mandibles are much as in aequalis (PL X).
Megachile piurensis Cockerell
1911. Megachile piurensis Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), viii, p. 288.
1912. Megachile piurensis Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), x, p. 487.
1917. MegachUe piurensis Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), xx, p. 239.
1926. Megachile piurensis 9 Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), xvii,
p. 215.
Paita, Peru, August 28, (Cockerell), [M. C. Z., 19; det.
Cockerell].
Megachile atromentata Cockerell
1917. Megachile atromentata Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), xx, p. 238.
Bahia Blanca, Argentina, [A. N. S, P., 1 9 ; det. Cockerell].
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
257
Megachile dense new species (PI. XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 5 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Face with length and breadth subequal; eyes
parallel; apical margin of clypeus straight and entire medially;
mandibles 4-dentate, the teeth rather obtuse, about equidistant
from each other; cheeks subequal in width to eyes, but slightly
narrowed above; vertex flat, hind margin slightly incurved;
lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; scutellum
slightly protuberant medially; mid and hind metatarsi slightly
narrower but distinctly shorter than their tibiae; claws with fine
sharp basal teeth; abdomen broadly cordate, hind margins of the
segments slightly depressed laterally, but not medially; segment
six nearly straight laterally in dorsal aspect, as also in profile,
with long suberect hairs visible in profile, the ventral plate quite
uniformly pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks and face, sparse
medially on clypeus and supraclypeal area, and rather sparse on
vertex laterally, closer medially; sparse on mesonotum in general,
but a median area polished and impunctate; rather sparse also
on scutellum medially, but close and fine laterally; close and fine
on pleura throughout; fine and sparse on the shining abdomen
except on segment six where the punctures are exceedingly
minute and close.
Color: Black, including tegulae, legs and spurs; antennae
obscurely ferruginous beneath; wings lightly and uniformly
infuscated, the nervures fuscous.
Pubescence: Fuscous to black throughout, without pale fasciae,
and with scopa entirely deep black, the pubescence very thin or
largely lacking on dorsum of thorax and dorsal plates of abdomen.
Type, —Female; La Rioja, Argentina, [M. C. Z., no. 16205].
Megachile atricoma Vachal
1908. Megachile atricoma Vachal, Rev. d’Ent., xxvi, p. 224.
1920. Megachile atricoma Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lv, p. 219.
1927. Megachile atricoma Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxxi. Art. 12,
pp. 12 and 14.
Buena vista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, [Meyer, 1 9]. British
Guiana, June 28, 1901, (Crews), [Titus, 19].
Megachile pullata Smith (PI. XIV)
1879. Megachile puUata Smith, Descr. N. Sp. Hymen. Brit. Mus., p. 74.
1913. Megachile puUaia Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 182.
Santarem, Brazil, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 1 9 ; compared
with type (Waterston)].
TBANS. AM. XNT. SOC., LVL
258 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOFTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile conjugalie new species (PI. XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 6 mm.;
anterior wing, 9.6 mm.
Structure: Length and breadth of face subequal; eyes parallel,
clsnpeus slightly protuberant above, the apical margin straight;
with three minute median tubercles; mandibles indistinctly
5-dentate, the two apical teeth robust, acute and approximate,
the three inner ones very low and inconspicuous, approximate;
cheeks below broader than eyes, slightly narrowed above; vertex
flat, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer
eyes than to edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal in
length to pedicel, slightly shorter than the second joint; mid and
hind metatarsi slightly narrower and considerably shorter than
their tibiae; claws with sharp seta-like basal teeth; abdomen
more ovoid, hind margins of the segments slightly depressed
laterally, but not medially; segment six concave laterally in
dorsal aspect, in profile straight with numerous erect hairs
visible, the ventral plate quite uniformly pubescent, without a
bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks, face, vertex,
mesonotum, scutellum and pleura; becoming more coarse and
distinctly separated on sternum and on supraclypeal area
medially; rather coarse and sparse on the shining clypeus;
minute and very close on segments one and two of abdomen,
relatively coarse and sparse on segments three to five, which are
shining, quite fine and close on segment six.
Color: Head and thorax black, the entire abdomen ferruginous;
antennae ferruginous; tegulae pale ferruginous; wings faintly
yellowish, violaceous apically, the nervures ferruginous; mid and
hind femora suffused with red, legs otherwise black, and mandi¬
bles black, slightly suffused with red apically; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Blackish on clypeus and face below antennae, on
cheeks below, and on tibiae and tarsi in large part; whitish on
sternum, and on femora and coxae; bright fulvous on pleura,
propodeum, cheeks above, and basal segment of abdomen; deep
fulvo-piceous on vertex, mesonotum and scutellum; discs of
abdominal segments with scattered erect short black hairs,
these longer and more dense laterally; segments one to four with
white apical fasciae evident medially, but disappearing laterally;
scopa pale ochraceous on segments two and three, entirely black
on segments four to six and on segment three at extreme sides.
Type. —Female; Rio Branco, Amazonas, San Alberto, [August
27, 1924, [Meyer].
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
259
Megachile contemptue new species (PL XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 11.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5
mm.; anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes slightly con¬
verging below; apical margin of clypeus denticulate; mandibles
obscurely 5-dentate, the two apical teeth conspicuous, approxi¬
mate, the three inner ones very low and inconspicuous; cheeks
below as broad as eyes, slightly narrowed above; vertex very
slightly convex, hind margin somewhat incurved; lateral ocelli
subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of
flagellum very slightly longer than the pedicel, shorter than the
second joint; mid metatarsi shorter than, but about as broad as,
their tibiae, the hind metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower than
their tibiae; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen broadly
ovoid, apical margins of the segments somewhat depressed
laterally; segment six slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect,
in profile slightly concave with numerous erect hairs visible, the
ventral plate quite densely pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks, vertex and face;
more coarse and distinct on the shining clypeus and supraclypeal
area; somewhat more coarse on mesonotum than on vertex, close
laterally and anteriorly, but distinctly separated medially;
relatively sparse on scutellum; quite close on pleura, coarser
below; very fine and close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae, mandibles, apical joints of tarsi, and
tegulae ferruginous; wings yellowish, the nervures pale ferrugi¬
nous; spurs deep ferruginous.
Pubescence: Fulvous on vertex and on dorsum of thorax
laterally; pale ochraceous on disc of mesonotum, scutellum, and
on basal segment of abdomen in part; more whitish on pleura,
propodeum and legs; fulvous, with long intermixed fuscous hairs,
on cheeks and clypeus; basal segment of abdomen with consider¬
able long dark pubescence, that on discs of segments two and
three short and black, silvery on segments four to six, longer on
the two apical segments, and segment six with an appressed
silvery pilosity in addition; segments two to five with extremely
narrow whitish apical fasciae; scopa whitish on segments two to
four, black on segments five and six, and on segments three and four
laterally, that on segment six with some reddish hairs basally.
Type. —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratypes .—
8 9 ; topotypical, [Meyer]. 1 9 ; Bio Frio, Magdalena, Colom¬
bia, November 27, 1926, (Salt).
TEAKS. AM. ENT. 80C., I.VI.
260 NEOTBOPICAL MEOACHIEE (hYMENOPTE^A : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile reliqua new species (PI. XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 13 nun.; breadth of abdomen, 4.6 mm.;
anterior wing, 10 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader than long; eyes subparallel;
apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved, faintly crenulate
laterally; mandibles 4-dentate, the teeth obtuse, cutting edges
between the second, third and fourth; cheeks subequal to eyes in
width, slightly narrowed above; vertex flat, hind margin incurved;
lateral ocelli considerably nearer edge of vertex than to eyes;
basal joint of flagellum almost twice the length of the pedicel,
subequal to the second joint, apical one slightly longer than the
others; mid metatarsi very nearly as broad and as long as their
tibiae, the hind metatarsi distinctly shorter and slightly narrower
than their tibiae; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen ovoid,
apical margins of the segments slightly depressed laterally;
segment six nearly straight laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile
also nearly straight and with numerous erect hairs visible, the
ventral plate uniformly pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and rather close on vertex; closer on face
and on clypeus laterally, distinctly separated on clypeus medially;
shallow and rather sparse on the shining cheeks, more especially
below; fine and close on anterior median portion of mesonotum,
more coarse and sparse posteriorly and laterally; scutellum
almost impunctate mediaUy, sparsely and coarsely punctate
laterally; deep, moderately coarse, and distinctly separated on
pleura; fine and rather close on abdomen, very close on segment
six.
Color: Black; antennae beneath, mandibles apically, extreme
tips of tibiae, and apical tarsal joints rather obscurely ferruginous;
tegulae yellowish-ferruginous; wings faintly yellowish, more
clouded apically, the nervures ferruginous; spurs reddish.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous on face, vertex, mesonotum, and
scutellum; more greyish-white on cheeks, pleura, propodeum,
legs and basal segment of abdomen; fulvous patches above and
in front of tegulae, and fulvous on outer faces of front and mid
metatarsi, and in part on vertex; mixed blackish and pale on
clypeus; short, thin and whitish on discs of abdominal segments,
with some longer fulvous hairs on segment five, segments one to
five with entire whitish apical fasciae, segment six with entirely
whitish pubescence which is partly erect and partly appressed;
fifth stemite with an entire dense white apical fascia beneath
the scopa, the other sternites subfasciate laterally; scopa whitish
basally, more fulvous on segments three to six, with black hairs
intermixed on segments three and four laterally and entirely
across segment four apically.
THEODORE BEBTIS MITCHELL
261
Type. —^Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratype .-—
1 9 ; topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachile diverse new species
Female, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.6 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes subparallel; apical
margin of clypeus denticulate medially (much as in conjugalis,
PI. XIV); mandibles inconspicuously 5-dentate (also see conjor
gaits), the teeth rather acute; cheeks below as broad as eyes,
slightly narrowed above; vertex very slightly convex, hind
margin strongly incurved; lateral ocelli shghtly nearer edge of
vertex than to eyes; joints one and two of flagellum subequal,
slightly longer than the pedicel, shorter than joint three; mid
and hind metatarsi only slightly shorter and narrower than the
respective tibiae; mid tarsal joints fringed beneath apically with
reddish bristles; claws with sharp slender basal teeth; abdomen
cordate, apical margins of the segments not depressed; segment
six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile
practically straight, with numerous erect hairs visible, the ventral
plate quite uniformly pubescent, without a bare apical hp.
Puncturation: Very close and fine on vertex, face and cheeks;
somewhat coarser but close on clypeus and supraclypeal area;
moderately coarse on mesonotum and scutellum where they are
close laterally but distinctly separated medially; more coarse aiid
deep, and distinctly separated on pleura; very minute and quite
close on abdomen, the surface of which is shining where not
covered by dense tomentum.
Color: Black; antennae, mandibles, legs, tegulae, and basal
segment of abdomen clear ferruginous, the teeth of the mandibles
blackened, and the hind metatarsi blackish on posterior margin;
abdominal sternites suffused with ferruginous; wings pale
yellowish, the nervures yellowish-ferruginous; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Dense and fulvous on vertex and thorax above;
more ochraceous on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs and basal
segment of abdomen; intermixed short subappressed pale ochra¬
ceous pubescence and longer erect blackish hairs on face and
clypeus; basal portions of discs of segments two to five with
short black pubescence, contrasting sharply with the dense
yellow tomentum which covers the apical three-fourths of each
disc; segment six with erect black hairs and thin, subappressed
silvery pilosity; scopa whitish-ochraceous on segments two to
four, black on segments five and six, as also on segment four
laterally.
TRANS. AM. SNT. BOO., LVI.
262 NEOTROPICAL MEOACHILE (hTMENOFTERA I MEOACHILIDAE)
Type. —Female; Chapada, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4127].
Megachile vestis new species
Female, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus minutely denticulate medially;
mandibles inconspicuously 5-dentate (as in conjugalis, PI. XIV),
all of the teeth acute; cheeks very slightly narrower than eyes,
not much narrowed above; vertex very slightly convex, hind
margin almost straight; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of
vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length
to the second joint, slightly longer than the pedicel; mid and
hind metatarsi somewhat shorter and narrower than the respec¬
tive tibiae, the other tarsal joints fringed beneath apically with
orange bristles; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate,
apical margins of the segments not appreciably depressed;
segment six slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile
straight with numerous visible erect hairs, the ventral plate
densely pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and densely crowded on entire head; more
coarse on thorax, crowded on mesonotum and scutellum, close
but distinct on pleura; fine and rather close on the shining
abdomen, minute and dense on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae, mandibles, legs, tegulae, and basal
abdominal segment clear ferruginous, teeth of the mandibles
blackened, the second abdominal segment suffused with ferrugi¬
nous beneath; wings faintly yellowish, more so in region of
radial cell, nervures pale ferruginous; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Fulvous on vertex; pale ochraceous on cheeks;
silvery, with intermixed long black hairs on face and clypeus;
very dense and ochraceous on mesonotum and scutellum, more
fulvous around prothoracic tubercles; pale ochraceous on pleura,
propodeum, legs, and basal segment of abdomen; short and
black on discs of segments two to four, segments one to five
with dense yellow apical fasciae which cover about the apical
third of the discs, segment five largely covered with yellow
tomentum, with numerous erect black hairs, and segment six
with erect black hairs and a very fine silvery pruinosity, fifth
sternite with a white apical fascia which is narrowly interrupted
medially; scopa whitish on segments two and three and on seg¬
ment four basally, black on segments five and six and on segment
four apically.
Type, —Female; Chapada, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4128].
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
263
Megachile melanopoda Cockerell (?)
1923. Megachile melanopoda Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), xi, p. 456.
Chapada, Brazil, January, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 1 c?].
This species is queried, since the type has not been seen, and
there are certain minor disagreements with the description.
According to the description, this species has black tarsi, appar¬
ently contrasting with the ferruginous femora and tibiae, dark
reddish tegulae, and the front coxae are shining. In the specimen
recorded here the tegulae are more yellowish-ferruginous, the
tarsi are more reddish, yet darker than the femora and tibiae,
and the anterior coxae are quite densely pubescent. In other
respects it agrees with the description.
Megachile philinca var. a, Cockerell
1912. Megachile philinca Cockerell, The Entomol., xlv, p. 176.
1914. MegachiU philinca var. a, Cockerell, J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., xxii, p. 310.
Guayaquil, Ecuador, May~June 1913, (Brues), [M. C. Z.,
1 cf ; det. Cockerell].
The mandibles in this species are much as in trucis (PI. X),
while the carina of segment six is quite similar to antiqua (PI.
XII).
Megachile anodonta Cockerell (PI. XIV)
1927. Megachile anodonta Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxxi, Art. 12,
pp. 13 and 18.
Benque Viejo, British Honduras, (Stanton), [M. C. Z., 2
3 9]. Belize, Honduras, [M. C. Z., 2 9 ; compared with type].
Megachile semota Cockerell
1927. Megachile semota Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxxi, Art. 12,
pp. 13 and 22.
Chapada, Santarem and Pedra Branca, Brazil, September-
April, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 10 cf; compared with type].
The mandibles are much as in aequalis (PI. X), while the
carina of segment six resembles that in abnormis (PI. XII).
Megachile cara new species (PI. XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 5.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2 mm.;
anterior wing, 5 mm.
Structure: Face longer than wide; eyes converging below;
apical margin of clypeus with a very slight median emargination;
mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection; cheeks
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
264 NEOTKOPICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
subequaJ in width to eyes, the posterior margin carinate, simple
below; vertex rounded, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral
ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum barely as long as the pedicel, the following
joints twice this length, the apical one not dilated, attaining the
apical margin of the basal abdominal segment; front coxae quite
densely pubescent, not spined; front legs very slender, as also the
tarsi which are not at all excavated anteriorly; mid and hind legs
also slender, mid tibia with a short apical spur; abdomen short
and quite stron^y flexed, apical margins of the segments slightly
and very narrowly depressed; segment six ventral in position,
with a barely evident carina which has a very slight median
emargination, the apical margin of the segment with barely
evident carinate me^an teeth, the lateral teeth inevident; the
obtuse tip of segment seven just evident; only three sternites
exposed.
Puncturation: Quite fine and close on face, vertex, mesonotum
and dorsal abdominal plates; more coarse and sparse on pleura,
especially below; close and rather coarse on clypeus; cheeks
rugoso-punctate.
Color: Black; antennae more fuscous below; apical leg joints
more ferruginous; tegulae shining fuscous; wings subhyaline
basally, more deeply infuscated apically, quite deeply so in region
of radial cell, violaceous, the nervures fuscous; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Moderately long and cream-color on face, vertex,
and thorax; dense and white on cheeks below; very short,
inconspicuous and black on discs of segments one to four, seg¬
ments three to five with entire whitish apical fasciae, segment
five with considerable whitish tomentum basally, with short
erect pale hairs, segment six largely covered with white tomen¬
tum; tarsi without fringes except for a few long posterior hairs on
the front tarsi.
Type, —Male; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratypes .—2 cf*;
topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachild mobilU new species (PL Xll)
Male. —Size: Length, 6 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2 mm,;
anterior wing, 5 mm.
Structure: Face almost as wide above as long; eyes converging
below; apical margin of clypeus denticulate beneath the short
apical beard; mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection;
cheeks narrower than eyes, strongly' carinate on hind margin,
simple below; vertex slightly rounded, hind margin carinate,
straight; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge
of vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel.
THEODOBE BEBTIS MITCHELL
265
the following joints about twice as long as broad, the apical one
not dilated; front coxae thinly pubescent anteriorly, without
spines or tubercles; front legs slender, the tarsi neither dilated
nor excavated; mid and hind legs slender and simple; abdomen
flattened, short and broad, apical margins of the segments only
slightly depressed at the sides; dorsal surface of segment six
vertical in position, the carina consisting of two short, triangularly
pointed, shining teeth separated by a deep rounded emargination,
the apical margin of the segment with low carinate median teeth
but no evident lateral teeth; segment seven slightly pointed
medially, barely evident; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and close in general; scattered and sparse
on the polished bare clypeus, but closer laterally; fine and densely
crowded between clypeus and ocelli, coarser and more distinctly
separated on vertex; fine and close on mesonotum and scutellum;
coarser and more sparse on pleura; minute and close on lateral
faces of propodeum, sparse on posterior face; very fine and close
on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black, including tegulae and legs; antennae obscurely
brownish-fuscous beneath; wings slightly infuscated, quite deeply
so in region of radial cell, the nervures fuscous; spurs fuscous.
Pubescence: Short, thin and inconspicuous; white and rather
dense on cheeks below and on sternum; clypeus with only a short
apical ochraceous fringe; blackish between and around antennae,
around tegulae, on scutellum and metanotum, whitish on pro-
podcum; with scattered erect dark hairs on vertex and meso¬
notum, and an inconspicuous ochraceous pilosity, visible only at
certain angles; very short and pale on legs; short and inconspicu¬
ous on abdomen, more ochraceous on segment one, blackish on
discs of median segments, pale and mostly erect on segment six,
segment five with an entire pale ochraceous apical fascia, and a
similar but thinner one on segment four, none of the apical
segments with dense tomentum.
Type, —Male; Buena vista, Bolivia, [Meyer],
All the close relatives of this species are densely pale tomentose
on segment six, and therefore this one is easily distinguished from
the others. Of these, M. bertonii Schrottky is probably the
nearest aflinity, and that differs in having both segments five and
six densely tomentose. In both M, microdontura Cockerell and
M. leucoatomella Cockerell, the teeth of the transverse carina of
segment six are less widely separated, with their bases contiguous,
and segment six is densely tomentose; and in microdontura the
clypeus is more closely punctate also.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOO., LVI.
266 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile microdontura Cockerell
1927. Megachile micnodontura Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxxi, Art. 12
pp. 13 and 19.
Chapada, Brazil, November, January and March, (H. H.
Smith), [A. N. S. P., 14 cf; compared with type].
Megachile leucostomella Cockerell
1927. Megachile leucoatomella Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., lxxi, Art. 12,
pp. 13 and 20.
Buenavista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, [Meyer, 1 c?].
Megachile bertonii Schrottky
1908. Megachile bertonii Schrottky, Anal. Soc. Cien. Argentina, lxv, p. 235.
1913. Megachile bertonii Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 198.
1922. MegachUe bertonii Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), ix, p. 366.
Chapada, Brazil, September-March, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S.
P., 20 9,10 cf ]. Buenavista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, [Meyer, 1 c?].
The carira of segment six in the male is similar to acerba
(PL XII).
Megachile pilosa Smith
1879. Megachile pilosa Smit^, Descr. N. Sp. Hymen. Brit. Mus., p. 77.
1913. Megachile pilosa Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 160.
Chapada, Brazil, October, November, January, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., 3 9]. Buenavista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, [Meyer,
1 9].
Megachile microsoma Cockerell
1912. Megachile microsoma Cockerell, Psyche, xix, p. 65.
1922. Megachile microsoma Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), ix, p. 366.
1927. Megachile microsoma Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lxxi, Art. 12,
pp. 13 and 14.
Chapada, Santarem and Maram, Brazil, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., 3 9]. British Guiana, [Titus, 19]. Locality
unknown (Crew), [Titus, 1 9 ].
Megachile acerba new species (PI. XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm,;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes converging below;
apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially, with a
minute mecfian denticle; cheelS slightly narrower than eyes, the
posterior margin carinate, simple below; vertex rounded, hind
THEODOBE BEBTI8 MITCHELL
267
margin evenly incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from
eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal in
length to pemcel, the following joints not quite twice as long as
broad (apical one missing); front coxae thinly pubescent anteri>
orly, with very slight tubercles but no distinct spines; all the
legs slender and simple; front tarsi neither dilated nor excavated;
mid tibia longer than the metatarsus, with an apical spur;
abdomen short, broad and flat, apical margins of the segments
only very slightly and narrowly depressed; dorsal surface of
segment six vertical, the carina consisting of two short shining
triangularly pointed protuberances, the apical margin of the
segment without evident teeth; segment seven evident, obtuse;
four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks and vertex; scattered
in center of shining clypeus; dense and fine in center of meso-
notum, becoming coarse and relatively sparse laterally; rather
coarse on pleura, somewhat sparse medially; very minute and
close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae and tegulae more fuscous, the legs
obscurely reddish; wings yellowish, more deeply so along costa
and in region of radial cell, the nervures brownish; spurs dark
ferruginous.
Pubescence: Very short throughout; ochraceous at sides of
face, and clypeus with a short ochraceous apical fringe; blackish
below and between antennae, with ochraceous pubescence above
and below level of antennae; pale and appressed on cheeks, but
long and white below; short pale and appressed on vertex and
mesonotum, blackish on margins of mesonotum and along
scutellum and metanotum; short and pale on pleura and sternum,
more dense below; short and pale on legs, but fuscous on outer
face of mid tarsus; entirely pale on abdomen, but very short and
inconspicuous on segments one to three and basal portion of
segment four, segments five and six entirely covered with dense
yellow tomentum, as also the apical half of segment four, none
of the basal segments fasciate, but sternites two to four with
dense yellow apical fasciae.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, December, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4123]. Paratypes .—2 cf; topotypical, Decem¬
ber and March, [A. N. S. P.].
This is possibly the male of M. pilosa Smith, which it resembles
in size and arrangement of pubescence.
TBANS. AU. KNT. 80C., LTI.
268 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile ardua new species (PI. XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 6 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes conver^ng
below; mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection;
cheeks slightly narrower than eyes, simple below, not carinate;
vertex slightly rounded, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral
ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel, the following
joints about twice as long (apical one missing); front coxae
densely pubescent anteriorly, with neither spines nor tubercles;
front tarsi slender, neither dilated nor excavated; mid tibia
longer than the metatarsus, with an apical spur; hind legs
slender; abdomen somewhat ovoid, apical margins of the segments
distinctly depressed laterally; dorsal surface of segment six
vertical in position, very slightly protuberant medially at base,
the Carina rather conspicuous, obtusely triangular on each side
of the semicircular median emargination, the median carinate
teeth of the apical margin of the segment more distant from
each other than from the acute lateral teeth; segment seven
barely evident, slightly pointed medially; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Very close and fine throughout; densely crowded
on thorax above; somewhat coarser on pleura; minute and
crowded on abdomen; very close but more distinct on vertex.
Color: Black; antennae brownish-ferruginous beneath; legs
deep ferruginous; tegulae yellowish-ferruginous; wings slightly
infuscated apically, becoming more yellowish basally, the
nervures yellowish-ferruginous; spurs pale yellow.
Pubescence: Dense and whitish on clypeus, face below an¬
tennae, cheeks below, and around front coxae, with a row of
black hairs on clypeus above; short, thin and more ochraceous on
vertex and mesonotum; more whitish on pleura; fuscous on
lateral margins of mesonotum, on scutellum, and on discs of
segments two and three of abdomen; segments four to six with
dense yellow tomentum and with rather short erect yellow hairs
in addition; front tarsal fringes very short, the mid tarsal fringes
relatively long, faintly brownish; sternites two and three with pale
yellow apical fasciae.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.,
no. 4124]. Paratypes .—1 cT; topotypical, [A. N, S. P.j. 6 cf;
Buenavista, Bolivia. 5 c?; Tapyta, Paraguay, November 1925.
1 c?; Villarrica, Paraguay, November 1923, [all Meyer].
THEODOBE BERTIS MITCHELL
269
Megachile donate new species (PI. XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face broader than long; eyes converging below;
apical margin of clypeus incurved medially; mandibles 3-dentate,
without an inferior projection; cheeks slightly narrower than
eyes, simple below; vertex flat, hind margin slightly incurved;
lateral ocelli somewhat nearer edge of vertex than to eyes;
basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel, the following
joints twice as long, the apical one not dilated, reaching beyond
the scutellum; front coxae thinly pubescent anteriorly, without
spines or tubercles; front legs slender, the tarsi neither dilated
nor excavated; mid tibia twice as long as the metatarsus, with
an apical spur; hind legs relatively slender; abdomen somewhat
ovoid, apical margins of the segments slightly depressed laterally;
segment six ventral in position, with a rather pronounced median
protuberance above the carina which is low but evident, with a
small median emargination, apical margin of the segment without
evident teeth; segment seven inevident; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Rather coarse and close on mesonotum; some¬
what more sparse on scutellum and vertex; coarse and densely
crowded on pleura; fine and close on cheeks; close on clypeus
laterally, relatively sparse medially; very fine and close on
abdomen throughout; tegulae practically impunctate.
Color: Black; antennae reddish-fuscous below; legs more or
less suffused with dark red basally, more blackish apically;
tegulae and spurs yellowish-ferruginous; wings faintly infuscated,
the nervures fuscous to ferruginous.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous and quite dense on face, inter¬
mixed with black laterally and on lateral margins of clypeus;
more whitish on cheeks, pleura, sternum, propodeum, and legs,
long and dense on cheeks below; dense and pale ochraceous
around wing bases, with a blackish patch just below tegulae;
black between antennae, on vertex, and in large part on meso¬
notum and scutellum, longer on vertex and scutellum; long and
intermixed black and pale on basal segment of abdomen, shorter
and black on segment two, very short and black on segments
three and four, segments five and six with appressed whitish tomen-
tum and longer erect black hairs; segments two to five with
narrow indistinct white apical fasciae; sternites one to three
with rather dense white apical fasciae.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, January, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4129]. Paratypes.—2 c?; topotypical, December
and January, [A. N. S. P.j.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SCO., LVI.
270 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile antique new species (Pis. X and XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad above as long; eyes quite
strongly converging below; apical margin of clypeus narrowly
incurved medially; mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior
projection; cheeks as broad as eyes, simple below; vertex flat,
hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli somewhat nearer edge of
vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length
to pedicel, the following joints three times this length, apical
one not dilated; front coxae quite densely pubescent anteriorly,
without spines; front legs entirely simple, the tarsi narrow, not
at all excavated; mid tibia considerably longer than the narrow
metatarsus, with an apical spur; hind tarsi narrow; abdomen
short and broad, apical margins of the segments but very slightly
depressed laterally; segment six ventral in position, protuberant
medially toward the base, the carina almost inevident, consisting
of a pair of slight carinate protuberances, one on each side of
middle, apical margin of the segment without evident teeth;
apical margin of segment seven barely evident; four sternites
exposed, the first much enlarged, reaching the apical margin of
the second, much thickened apically, the incurved thickened
margin densely pubescert.
Puncturation: Close but rather coarse in general, especially on
face, vertex, mesonotum, scutellum and pleura; relatively fine,
shallow and sparse on cheeks; close on abdomen, very fine and
indistinct on basal segment, becoming quite coarse and deep on
segment four, very close and fine on segments five and six; fine
and close on tegulae; rather coarse, shallow and sparse on legs.
Color: Black; antennae and legs more piceous; tegulae bronzy-
piceous; wings subhyaline, the nervures brownish-fuscous; spurs
yellowish-brown.
Pubescence: Dense and entirely ochraceous on face and clypeus;
whitish on cheeks, pleura, sternum and legs; short and gre 3 dsh,
with longer erect black hairs on vertex, mesonotum and scutellum,
the black hairs more conspicuous on scutellum; long and whitish
on basal segment of abdomen, short and black on discs of seg¬
ments two to four, segments five and six with rather thin whitish
tomentum and longer erect black hairs; segments two to five
with narrow, entire, whitish apical fasciae; sternites two to four
with narrow white apical fasciae, the thickened margin of
sternite one with dense ochraceous pubescence.
Type. —Male; Chapada, Brazil, January, (H. H, Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4121]. Paratypes .—3 c?; topotypical, December
and January, [A. N. S. P.].
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
271
Megachile abnormis new species (PL XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 8.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than it is long; eyes
converging below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved
medially; mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection;
cheeks hardly as broad as eyes, simple below, hind margin
slightly carinate; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli
much nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
equal to pedicel in length, the following joints slightly more than
twice as long, apical one not dilated, reaching beyond the scu-
tellum; front coxae pubescent anteriorly, with neither spines nor
tubercles; front legs slender, the tarsi neither dilated nor exca¬
vated; mid tibia longer than the metatarsus, with an apical spur;
hind legs very slender; abdomen somewhat ovoid, apical margins
of the segments depressed laterally; dorsal surface of segment six
vertical in position, slightly protuberant medially, the carina very
low and inconspicuous, not emarginate, apical margin of the
segment without evident teeth; segment seven barely evident;
four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Rather coarse and close on mesonotum and
scutellum; coarse and sparse on pleura; somewhat finer and
separated on vertex; minute and quite close on cheeks; close and
fine on basal abdominal segments, becoming somewhat coarse
and more distinctly separated on segment four, segment five
somewhat rugosely punctate, and segment six very finely rugoso-
punctate.
Color: Black; antennae more piceous; tcgulae deep bronzy-
ferruginous; wings lightly infuscated, somewhat more deeply so
apically and in radial cell, the nervures piceous; spurs pale yellow.
Pubescence: Dense pale ochraceous on face and clypeus; more
whitish just above and between antennae, on cheeks, pleura
below, propodeum, basal segments of abdomen, around pronotal
tubercles, and behind wing bases; long, erect and blackish on
vertex, mesonotum and scutellum, with a rather large black
patch on pleura above; short and blackish on discs of segments
two to four, segments five and six with thin whitish tomentum
and rather short erect black hairs; segments two to five sub-
*fasciate at sides; tarsal fringes very short and yellowish.
Type. —Male; Tapyta, Paraguay, November 1928, [Meyer].
Paratypes .—2 cf; topotypical. 2 d*; Abai, Paraguay, November
1925. 1 cf ; Buenavista, Bolivia, [all Meyer].
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
272 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile certa new species (PI. XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.6 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than long; eyes con¬
verging below; apical margin of clypeus very slightly incurved
medially; mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection;
cheeks subequal to eyes in width, simple below, the posterior
margin sharp but not carinate; vertex flat, hind margin very
slightly incurved; lateral ocelli nearer to edge of vertex than to
eyes; basal joint of flagellum about equal to pedicel in length,
the following joints about three times as long, apical one not
dilated; front coxae densely pubescent, without spines or tuber¬
cles; front legs very slender, the tarsi neither dilated nor exca¬
vated; mid and hind legs slender, the mid tibia longer than the
metatarsus, with an apical spur; abdomen short and rather broad,
slightly tapering posteriorly, apical margins of the segments
hardly at all depressed; segment six ventral in position, the
transverse carina very slightly produced, narrow, subentire, apical
margin of the segment without evident teeth; segment seven
inevident; four sternites exposed, the short thickened apical
margin of the first with dense yellowish pubescence, the fourth
very short, with only the apical margin exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and shallow on cheeks; much coarser on
vertex where the punctures are close but irregularly spaced;
coarse and close on pleura; fine and close on scutellum; meso-
notum rather indistinctly striately rugoso-punctate; fine and
close on abdomen throughout; tegulae almost impunctate.
Color: Black; antennae dark reddish beneath; legs more or less
suffused with dark red, especially the hind pair; tegulae bronzy-
ferruginous; wings subhyaline, the nervures ferruginous to
piceous; spurs yellowish-ferruginous.
Pubescence: Dense and pale ochraceous on face, intermixed
with black at sides, also dense and pale ochraceous around wing
bases; more whitish on cheeks, pleura, legs, and basal segment of
abdomen, long and dense on cheeks below, a rather large black
patch on each pleuron above; long, erect and black on vertex,
mesonotum and scutellum; short and black on discs of segments
two to four of abdomen, segments five and six with pale appressed
tomentum and long erect black hairs; segments two to five with
indistinct pale apical fasciae; sternites two to four with white
apical fasciae, that on the fourth interrupted medially, the first
with dense yellow pubescence on the thickened apical margin.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil, January, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4120]. Paratypes ,—43 cf; topotypical, Septem¬
ber to January and March, [A. N. S. P.]. 7 d*; Buena vista,
Bolivia, [Meyer].
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
273
Megachile fiebrigi Schrottky
1908. Megachile fiebrigi Schrottky, Anal. Soc. Cien. Argentina, lxv, p. 234.
1909. Megachile planicepa Friese, D. Ent. Zeitschr., 1909, p. 236.
1913. Megachile fiebrigi Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 154.
1920. Megachile fiebrigi Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, xii, p. 208.
Chapada, Brazil, September, (H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 19].
The clypeus and mandibles are of the orbiculatorhabilis type
(PI. XIV).
Megachile orbiculata new species (PI. XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 11.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 9.5 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes subparallel;
clypeus produced medially, the elevated portion flattened with
its apical margin incurved; mandibles 4-dentate, the two apical
teeth approximate, the inner tooth narrowly truncate; cheeks
narrower than eyes, narrowed above, hind margin sharply
carinate; vertex very slightly convex, hind margin incurved, with
a sharp but not carinate edge; lateral ocelli subequally distant
from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum slightly
shorter than the pedicel, the second slightly longer than the
pedicel; scutellum slightly protuberant medially; mid and hind
metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower than their tibiae; claws
with sharp basal teeth; abdomen ovoid-cordate, hind margins of
the segments distinctly and rather broadly depressed at extreme
sides, not at all medially; segment six slightly concave laterally
in dorsal aspect, in profile very slightly concave, with no visible
erect hairs, the ventral plate largely bare, without a bare apical
lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks and sides of face;
fine and rather sparse on supraclypeal area; sparse and irregular
as to size on clypeus, which is largely impunctate but dull
medially; very coarse, deep and sparse between antennae and
ocelli, and on vertex laterally, finer and closer on vertex medially;
very coarse, deep and sparse on the shining mesonotum and
pleura; upper face of scutellum polished and impunctate, pos¬
terior face with very minute punctures; fine and rather close on
‘abdomen, extremely close on segment six, the areas just in front
of the lateral depressions on each segment largely impunctate.
Color: Black; antennae dull brownish-ferruginous beneath;
tegulae clear ferruginous; wings pale yellowish, shghtly darker
along costal margin of radial cell, the nervures ferruginous; spurs
yellowish-ferruginous.
TBANS. AM. ENT. 60C., LVI.
274 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Pubescence: Very thin laterally and practically lacking on the
dorsal surfaces; whitish or pale ochraceous on cheeks, pleura,
propodeum and legs; mixed whitish and black on face; black on
vertex, dorsum of thorax and discs of abdominal segments which
are without any traces of fasciae, segment six with fine appressed
tomentum which is gre 3 dsh laterally and basally, more brownish
medially and apically; short and blackish on outer faces of front
tibiae; fulvous on outer faces of front and middle metatarsi, the
hind tarsi with black hairs along the posterior margin; scopa
white, mostly black on segment five, black laterally on segments
three and four, and black in part on segment six.
Type. —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratypes .—
3 9 ; topotypical, [Meyer]. 2 9 ; Chapada, Brazil, November,
(H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P.].
This is very close to M, fiebrigi Schrottky, but the latter
differs in having dark tegulae, and in having but a few black
hairs in the scopa on segment six apically, the scopa on the other
segments being entirely pale.
Megachile corona new species
Female, —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.6 mm.
Structure: Face broader than long; eyes converging below;
clypeus protuberant medially (as in orbiculataj PI. XIV), the
apical margin of the elevated portion incurved and considerably
thickened; mandibles 4-dentate (much as in orbiculata), the two
apical teeth approximate, the inner one subtruncate, a short
cutting edge between the third and fourth; cheeks below as
broad as eyes, slightly narrower above, hind margin subcarinate;
vertex fiat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer edge
of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal to
pedicel in length, the second joint longer; mid and hind metatarsi
subequal in width to their tibiae, but slightly shorter; claws with
minute basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind margins of the seg¬
ments depressed laterally, but not in the broad median area;
segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in
profile straight with scattered suberect hairs visible basally, the
ventral plate largely bare on apical half, with a very narrow
indistinct bare apical hp.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks and on face
laterally, more coarse on face medially; scattered and rather
coarse on vertex laterally, fine and closer medially; widely
scattered and irregular on clypeus medially, closer laterally;
supraclypeal area largely impunctate; thorax largely rugoso-
punctate, striately so on pleura in part, finely so on mesonotum,
scutellum and pleura above, more coarse on pleura below; fine
and quite close on abdomen throughout.
THEODOBE BEBTIS MITCHELL
276
Color: Black; antennae more dark reddish beneath; tegulae
and spurs ferruginous; wings uniformly lightly infuscated, the
nervures fuscous.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks, pleura and sternum; more
ochraceous on propodeum, legs and basal segment of abdomen;
dense fulvo-ochraceous tufts around pronotal tubercles and
behind wing bases; mostly black on face and vertex, but with
short whitish pubescence on face laterally and between antennae;
mixed black and fulvo-ochraceous on mesonotum and scutellum;
short and black on discs of abdominal segments two to five, and
these with entire ochraceous apical fasciae; segment six with
ochraceous appressed tomentum and scattered erect black hairs
toward base; scopa fulvo-ochraceous medially, black laterally on
all except segment two.
Type, —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratype ,—
1 9 ; topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachile insolene new species
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.7 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than long; eyes slightly
converging below; clypeus slightly protuberant medially (some¬
what similar to orbiculatay PI. XIV), the apical margin of the
elevated area incurved and slightly crenulated; mandibles 4-
dentate (as in orbiculata), the two apical teeth approximate, the
other two rather distant, low and inconspicuous; cheeks below
subequal in width to eyes, narrower above, hind margin slightly
carinate; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli nearer
to edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal
in length to pedicel, the second joint almost twice as long; mid
and hind metatarsi fully as broad as their tibiae, but definitely
shorter; claws with extremely minute basal teeth; abdomen
cordate, hind margins of the segments slightly depressed laterally;
segment six very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in
profile straight with only scattered erect hairs visible toward the
base, the ventral plate bare and shining on apical half, but without
a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and rather close on the shining cheeks;
coarser but close on vertex medially, more sparse laterally;
clypeus and supraclypeal area largely impunctate, with but a
very few scattered punctures medially, but more closely punctate
at extreme sides; mesonotum rugoso-punctate, somewhat striately
so anteriorly, the scutellum with fine and close punctures; pleura
more coarsely and striately rugoso-punctate; abdomen quite
closely and finely punctate throughout.
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
276 NEOTROPICAL MBGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA : MBGACHILIDAB)
Color: Black; antennae obscurely reddish below; tegulae and
spurs pale yellowish-ferruginous; wings^ subhyaline, but very
slightly clouded apically, the nervures fuscous; abdomen with
purplish reflections.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks below, pleura, sternum, pro-
podeum laterally and legs, these becoming more ochraceous
above; fulvo-ochraceous around wing bases, behind scutellum, on
propodeum, and basal segment of abdomen; mixed pale ochra¬
ceous and black on face; mesonotum and scutellum with erect
black and shorter subappressed ochraceous pubescence; long and
black on vertex; very short and black on discs of segments two
to five of abdomen, and these with entire conspicuous ochraceous
apical fasciae; segment six with dense appressed ochraceous
tomentum and scattered erect black hairs; scopa fulvo-ochra¬
ceous, with intermixed black hairs on most of the segments later¬
ally, interspersed almost across segments four and five, and these
ventral plates with whitish apical fasciae evident laterally.
Type. —Female; British Guiana, April 28, 1901, (Crew),
[U. S. N. M., no. 43094].
Megachile egresea new species
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than long; eyes slightly
converging below; clypeus protuberant medially (much as in
orbiculataj PI. XIV), the elevated portion flattened with the
apical margin incurved, and with slight indications of crenula-
tions; mandibles inconspicuously 5-dentate (derived from the
condition in orbiculata), the two apical teeth approximate, the
two inner ones small and approximate, the middle one very
broad; cheeks below subequal to eyes in width, slightly narrowed
above, the posterior margin carinate; vertex flat, hind margin
incurved, not carinate; lateral ocelli much nearer edge of vertex
than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum slightly shorter than the
pedicel, the second joint almost twice the length of the first;
mid and hind metatarsi slightly shorter than their tibiae but
fully as wide; claws with minute basal teeth; abdomen broadly
cordate, hind margins of the segments rather broadly depressed
laterally, but not medially; segment six slightly concave laterally
in dorsal aspect, in profile deeply concave with only a few erect
basal hairs visible, the ventral plate largely bare, but without a
bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine, close and shallow on cheeks, very fine and
scattered on clypeus medially, coarser and closer laterally, the
supraclypeal area largely impunctate, with fine scattered punc¬
tures laterally, coarse and very close on remainder of face;
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
277
widely scattered on vertex, especially laterally; mesonotum and
pleura coarsely and somewhat striately rugoso-punctate, the
scutellum finely rugoso-punctate; fine and scattered on discs of
abdominal segments, closer medially and apically, largely im-
punctate anterior to the lateral depressed margins.
Color: Black; antennae and tegulae more piceous; wings faintly
infuscated, slightly darker apically and in radial cell; spurs
yellowish-ferruginous.
Pubescence: Creamy-white on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs
and basal segment of abdomen; black on vertex; mixed black
and white on face, clypeus, mesonotum and scutellum, with a
few black hairs on pleura above, and some conspicuous black
hairs on pronotal tubercles, the latter surrounded by a dense
ochraceous fringe, and a similar dense tuft behind each wing base;
discs of segments two to five largely bare, with only a very few
scattered short black hairs, and with narrow inconspicuous
subentire white apical fasciae; segment six covered with fine
appressed tomentum, this more greyish basally, tinged with
brown apically; scopa entirely orange, with a few lateral black
hairs on segment six.
Type, —Female; Tapyta, Paraguay, November 1925, [Meyer].
Paratypes .—17 9 ; topotypical. 2 9 ; Abai, Paraguay, Novem¬
ber, [all Meyer].
Megachile recta new species
Female, —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than long; eyes slightly
converging below; clypeus produced medially (much as in
orhiculata, PI, XI\), the elevated portion flattened, with the
apical margin incurved, and with a very slight median denticle;
mandibles 4-dentate (somewhat similar to orhiculata), the two
apical teeth approximate, the inner one truncate and slightly
excavated, the mandible thus approaching the 5-dentate condi¬
tion; cheeks below subequal to eyes in width, slightly narrowed
above; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli much
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
subequal in length to pedicel, the second joint somewhat longer;
mid and hind metatarsi shorter than the respective tibiae, but
subequal to them in width; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen
cordate, hind margins of the segments depressed at extreme
sides, but not medially; segment six about straight laterally in
dorsal aspect, in profile straight with suberect hairs visible
toward the base, the ventral plate largely bare apically, but
without a definite bare apical lip.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
278 NEOTROPICAL MBGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA f MEGACHILIDAB)
Puncturation: Fine, shallow and rather close on cheeks;
coarser, deeper and definitely separated on vertex; very sparse on
clypeus medially, but close laterally, the supraclypeal area
largely impunctate medially; close on mesonotum and scutellum,
slightly separated in center of mesonotum; deeper and more
definitely separated on pleura; minute and quite close on abdomen
basally, becoming more distinct and definitely separated on
segment five, minute and very close on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely ferruginous; tegulae bright
ferruginous; wings dilute yellowish, the nervures ferruginous;
legs black, the spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Fuscous and quite long on face, vertex, cheeks
(except below), thorax (except beneath), legs in large part, and
segments one and two of abdomen, segments three to five with
short black pubescence on discs and with entire, rather broad
ochraceous apical fasciae, segment two with a similar but inter¬
rupted one; segment six with brownish appressed tomentum and
a few erect black hairs basally; cheeks below and sternum with
considerable pale pubescence; scopa white, black at sides of
segment four, and entirely so on segments five and six.
Type, —Female; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratypes ,—
7 9 ; topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachile habilis new species (PI. XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes slightly con¬
verging below; clypeus protuberant medially, the elevated
portion flattened, with the apical margin incurved and with a
slight indication of a median denticle; mandibles 4-dentate, the
two apical teeth approximate, the inner one broadly truncate;
cheeks subequal in width to eyes, slightly narrowed above, hind
margin sharp but not carinate; vertex flat, hind margin incurved,
not carinate; lateral ocelli somewhat nearer edge of vertex than
to eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel,
shorter than the second joint; scutellum evenly rounded pos¬
teriorly; mid and hind metatarsi subequal in width to their
tibiae, but definitely shorter; claws with minute basal teeth;
abdomen cordate, hind margins of the segments rather deeply
depressed at extreme sides, but not at all medially; segment six
very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight
with evident erect hairs, the ventral plate largely bare, but
without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks and sides of face; more
sparse on vertex medially, very sparse laterally; rather fine and
close on clypeus laterally, but very sparse and irregular on the
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
279
elevated portion, almost impunctate, the supraclypeal area
largely impunctate; mesonotum and pleura below striately and
rather coarsely rugoso-punctate, pleura above and scutellum
being finely and rather closely punctate; fine and rather sparse
on abdomen, the discs impunctate anterior to the lateral depres¬
sions.
Color: Black; antennae dull ferruginous beneath; tegulae clear
ferruginous; wings subhyaline, faintly clouded apically and in
radial cell, the nervures ferruginous to piceous; legs obscurely
reddish; spurs yellowish; abdomen with faint purplish reflections.
Pubescence: Creamy-white on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs,
and basal segment of abdomen; dense ochraceous tufts sur¬
rounding pronotal tubercles and behind wing bases; black on
vertex, mesonotum and scutellum, with a few black hairs on
pleura beneath tegulae and a black tuft on each pronotal tubercle,
the mesonotum with a short pale pilosoty in addition to the
black pubescence; scutello-mesothoracic suture subfasciate; face
with mixed black and white pubescence; short black and incon¬
spicuous on discs of segments two to five of abdomen which have
very narrow inconspicuous whitish apical fasciae, segment one
with a few long black hairs, segment six with a closely appressed
greyish tomentum and erect black hairs; scopa white, mostly
black on segments five and six, and black laterally on segments
three and four, the sternites subfasciate laterally.
Type, —Female; Chapada, Brazil, November, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4122]. Paratypes .—1 9 ; topotypical, [A. N.
S. P.]. 129 9 ; Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. 2 9 ; Mount San
Lorenzo, Santa Marta, Colombia, (2500 ft.), December 25, 1922,
(M. A. Carriker), [Salt].
Mesrachile ignava new species
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8.5 mm.
Structure: Face broader above than long; eyes slightly con¬
verging below; clypeus protuberant medially (as in orbiculata,
PI. XIV), the elevated portion flattened, thickened and slightly
‘incurved on apical margin; mandibles 4-dentate (much as in
orbiculata)j the two apical teeth approximate, the third about
equidistant from the second and fourth; cheeks below subequal in
width to eyes, narrower above, hind margins slightly carinate;
vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli nearer edge of
vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal to pedicel
in length, the second joint longer; mid and hind metatarsi
subequal in width to their tibiae, but shorter; claws without
distinct basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind margins of the
TRANS. AM. ENT. SCO., LVI.
280 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
segments very slightly depressed laterally; segment six about
straight laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight without
evident erect hairs, the ventral plate largely bare, but without a
bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and quite close on the shining cheeks,
and very close on face; irregular in size and very sparse on
elevated portion of clypeus and on supraclypeal area, these rather
closely punctate laterally; sparse on vertex, especially laterally;
scattered in center of mesonotum, but closely, striately rugoso-
punctate laterally; fine and rather sparse on scutellum; pleura
more coarsely rugoso-punctate, the punctures more separated
posteriorly; fine and definitely separated, but not sparse on
abdomen, except for a small area just anterior to the lateral
apical depressions; segment six minutely and densely punctate.
Color: Black; antennae more brownish-fuscous beneath;
tegulae bright ferruginous; wings very faintly infuscated, slightly
darker apically and in radial cell, the nervures fuscous to fer¬
ruginous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs and
basal segment of abdomen; a narrow greyish fringe just above
each tegula and around pronotal tubercles, and a dense tuft of
the same color behind each wing base, the scutello-mcsothoracic
suture subfasciate; black on vertex, mesonotum and scutellum,
very thin except on vertex, with a few black hairs just beneath
each tegula, a black tuft on each pronotal tubercle, and a very
few exceedingly short black hairs on abdomen, the latter entirely
lacking fasciae; face with mixed black and white pubescence;
segment six with very fine brownish tomentum; scopa white,
mostly black on segments five and six, also on segment four except
medially, and at sides of segments two and three; sternites four and
five with slight indications of white apical fasciae, but these
largely obscured in this unique specimen.
Type, —Female; Buena vista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
Megachile montezuma Cresson (PL XIV)
1878. Megachile montezuma Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vii, p. 129.
1911. Megachile montezuma Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 258.
Chapada, Brazil, February and March, (H. H. Smith), [A. N.
S. P., 8 cf, 2 9]. Buena vista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, [Meyer,
2 9]. Abai, Paraguay, November, [Meyer, 19]. All compared
with type.
This species runs to minuscula Schrottky, in Schrottky^s key,*
and it is therefore possible that minuscula is a synonym of this.
♦Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 136, (1913).
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
281
Megachile uniformis Mitchell
1929. Megachile uniformis Mitchell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., liv, p. 349.
Chapada, Brazil, [Mitchell, 4 cf paratypes].
Megachile clara new species (PI. XII)
Male, —Size: Length, 7.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.3 mm.;
anterior wing, 5 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad above as long; eyes converging
below; apical margin of clypeus slightly crenulate medially;
mandibles 4-dentate, without an inferior projection; cheeks
slightly narrower than eyes, simple below; vertex slightly
rounded, hind margin incurved; basal joint of flagellum subequal
to pedicel in length, the following joints about twice as long, the
apical one not dilated, reaching slightly beyond the scutellum;
front coxae thinly pubescent anteriorly, without spines or
tubercles; front legs slender, the tarsi very narrow and not at all
excavated; mid and hind legs slender, the mid tibia longer than
the metatarsus, with an apical spur; abdomen slightly tapering
posteriorly, apical margins of the segments quite strongly de¬
pressed laterally; dorsal surface of segment six flattened to the
margin of the carina, sloping, the carina rounded on each side of
the small semicircular median emargination, apical margin of the
segment without evident teeth; segment seven quite conspicuous,
transversely carinate apically; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Rather fine and close on vertex, mesonotum and
pleura; finer and crowded on scutellum; shallow and close on
cheeks; very fine and rather close on basal segments of abdomen,
somewhat coarser and more sparse on apical segments, but
segment six quite coarsely rugoso-punctate.
Color: Black; antennae beneath more piceous; apical tarsal
joints ferruginous; tegulae bronzy; wings subhyaline, but rather
strongly infuscated in region of radial cell, violaceous apically,
the ncrvures fuscous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Ochraceous and quite dense on face, with dense
patches on pronotal tubercles, behind wing bases, and at lateral
angles of mesonotum behind tegulae; more whitish on cheeks,
pleura, legs and basal segment of abdomen; very thin, intermixed
dark and light, on mesonotum and scutellum; very short and
silvery on discs of abdominal segments, with intermixed black
hairs on segment five, segment six with only scattered erect black
hairs; segments one to five with white apical fasciae, subinter¬
rupted on segments two to four, entire on segments one and five;
sternites white fasciate at sides, the second with a median tuft of
yellow hairs; tarsi without definite fringes.
Type, —Male; Prieta, Republic of Honduras, April 7, 1924,
[Meyer].
TEANS. AM. ICNT. SCO., LVI.
282 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMBNOPTBRA : MBGACHILIDAB)
Megachile bodkini Cockerell
1923. Megachile bodkini Cockerell, Aim. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), xi, p. 452.
Trinidad Island, October 27, 1902, (Chipman), [Titus, 19].
Megachile coelioxiformis Schrottky
1909. Megachile coelioxoides Schrottky (nec Cresson), Anal. Soc. Cien.
Argentina, lxvii, p. 220.
1910, Megachile coelioxifonnis Schrottky, D. Ent. Zeitschr., 1910, p. 540.
1913, Megachile coelioxiformis Schrottky, Rev. Mus. Paulista, ix, p. 180.
Chapada and Corumba, Brazil, December, April and May,
(H. H. Smith), [A. N. S. P., 4 cf, 8 9 ].
Megachile praecipua new species (PI. XIV)
Female, —Size; Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.5 mm,;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face longer than wide; eyes converging below;
apical margin of clypeus sharply denticulate; mandibles 4-
dentate, the two apical teeth more closely approximated, with
short cutting edges between the second, third and fourth; cheeks
narrower than eyes, not carinate, somewhat narrowed above;
vertex nearly flat, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli
slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
slightly shorter than pedicel, the second joint about equal to the
pedicel, the third longer and broader, the apical one oifly slightly
longer than the others; mid and hind metatarsi slightly shorter
and narrower than their tibiae; claws with acute but small basal
teeth; abdomen rather long, narrow and parallel-sided, the apical
margins of the segments slightly depressed laterally; segment six
concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile very slightly concave
with erect hairs visible toward the base, the ventral plate spar¬
ingly but uniformly pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Minute and very close on cheeks; fine and
distinctly separated on vertex; rather coarse and crowded on
clypeus and supraclypeal area laterally, but each of these with a
shining impunctate median area; moderately coarse and rather
widely separated on mesonotura and pleura; relatively fine and
close on scutellum; fine and quite widely separated on abdomen,
but very close on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae beneath and mandibles apically dull
reddish; apical tarsal joints ferruginous; tegulae bronzy-ferrugi¬
nous; wings subhyaline, slightly clouded apically and in radial
cell, the nervures pale ferruginous; spurs yellow.
Pubescence: Short and inconspicuous in general, but dense and
white at sides of face, between antennae, on cheeks, posterior
margin of pronotum, around pronotal tubercles, on posterior
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
283
margin of scutellum, and dense white patches at lateral angles of
mesonotum behind tegulae; scutello-mesothoracic suture finely
white fasciate; thin and blackish on vertex, discs of mesonotum
and scutellum; thin and white on pleura, propodeum, legs, and
segments one to four of abdomen where it is extremely short and
inconspicuous; segment five with thin white pubescence over
most of disc, but with erect black hairs apically, and segment six
with a thin pale pruinosity and erect black hairs; segment one
with a conspicuous white apical fascia, the following segments
with only very thin inconspicuous pale fasciae; scopa white,
mostly black on segment six.
Type. —Female; Rio Frio, Magdalena, Colombia, May 8, 1927,
[Salt].
Megachile stomatura Cockerell
1917. Megachile stomatura Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), xx, p. 20.
1923. Megachile stomatura Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), xi, pp. 452
and 457.
Rio Frio, Sevillano, (Magdalena), and Cartagena, Colombia,
September, October, November and April 1926-1927, on Anti--
gonon leptopus, Machaerium humboldtiarunif and Hibiscus rosa-
sinensis, [Salt, 7 cf, 3 9].
Megachile aegra new species (Pis. X and XII)
Male. —Size: Length, 6.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2 mm.;
anterior wing, 5 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes converging below;
apical margin of clypeus with a small median emargination;
mandibles 3-dentate, without an inferior projection; cheeks
narrower than eyes, not carinate, simple below; vertex slightly
rounded, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant
from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum equal to
pedicel in length, the following joints twice as long, the apical
one not dilated; front coxae densely pubescent, with short,
dentiform spines; front legs slender, especially the tarsi which are
neither dilated nor excavated; middle and hdnd legs slender, the
mid tibia longer than the metatarsus, with an apical spur;
abdomen slightly tapering posteriorly, apical margins of the
segments depressed laterally, medially also on apical segments;
dorsal surface of segment six almost vertical, the carina promi¬
nent, narrowly rounded on each side of the semicircular median
emargination, apical margin of the segment without evident
teeth; segment seven barely visible, transversely carinate; four
sternites exposed.
TRANS. AM. ENT. BOO., LVI.
284 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
Puncturation: Very fine and close but not crowded on vertex,
mesonotum, pleura, and on scutellum laterally, minute and
densely crowded on scutellum medially and posterior margin of
mesonotum; minute, shallow and rather close on the shining
cheeks, as also on the abdominal segments, becoming coarser
and more sparse apically, but segment six rugoso-punctate;
tegulae very minutely punctate.
Color: Black; antennae and legs obscurely reddish-piceous, the
apical tarsal joints more ferruginous; tegulae ferruginous; wings
faintly infuscated, rather deeply so in region of radial cell, the
nervures piceous; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: Dense and entirely pale ochraceous on face and
clypeus, with similar dense tufts on pronotal tubercles, behind
wing bases, and at lateral angles of mesonotum behind tegulae;
more whitish on cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs and basal
segment of abdomen; very thin and mostly ochraceous on vertex,
mesonotum, and scutellum, with inconspicuous intermixed dark
hairs on mesonotum and scutellum; very short and inconspicuous
on abdomen, largely pale on segments one to four, but black
toward apical margins, segments five and six with more conspicuous
erect black pubescence, with no pale tomentum; segments one
to five with thin, subentire whitish apical fasciae; tarsi without
definite fringes.
Type, —Male; Chapada, Brazil. October, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4137], Paraiypes ,—2 cT; topotypical, [A. N.
S. P.]. 1 o”; Georgetown, British Guiana, (Crew), [Titus].
1 cT; Los Amatos, Guatemala, (Kellermann), [M. C. Z.].
Megachile alta new species (PL XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.2 mm.;
anterior wing, 6.5 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad above as long; eyes converging
below; apical margin of clypeus with a broad median shimng
area which is very slightly incurved; mandibles 4-dentate, the
two apical teeth acute, slightly angulate between the third and
fourth; cheeks narrower than eyes, much narrowed above; vertex
flat, very short, hind margin slightly incurved; lateral ocelli much
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; antennae. short, basal
joint of flagellum subequal in len^h to pedicel, slightly longer
than the second joint, middle joints but slightly longer than
broad; metatarsi shorter than the respective tibiae, the mid and
hind ones rather broad but hardly equalling their tibiae; claws
with strong basal teeth; abdomen narrowly cordate, apical
margins of the segments quite strongly depressed laterally;
segment six slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profQe
THEODOBE BEBTIS MITCHELL
285
almost straight with very short erect pubescence visible, the
ventral plate largely bare apically, but without a distinct bare
apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks, dense and rather
fine on vertex except laterally; close and quite coarse on clypeus
and supraclypeal area laterally, but these with median longi¬
tudinal impunctate shining spaces; very close on mesonotum,
scutellum and pleura above, becoming coarse and separated on
sternum; fine and close on abdomen basally, becoming more
sparse on segments four and five, very fine and quite close on
segment six.
Color: Black; antennae fuscous above, reddish beneath; tegulae
ferruginous; wings hyaline, faintly clouded and violaceous
apically, the nervures dark brown; legs reddish; spurs yellowish.
Pubescence: White on face and cheeks, dense at sides of face
and clypeus, and between antennae; short and fuscous on vertex;
white on thorax laterally, ventrally and posteriorly, mostly short
and fuscous on disc of mesonotum, with scattered pale tomentum,
longer and fuscous on scutellum, the scutello-mesothoracic suture
thinly white fasciate; very short and black on discs of segments
two to five, long and white on the basal segment, segments one
to five with entire white apical fasciae, that on the first narrow
and less distinct, the others broader and entire, segment six with
a circular spot of white tomentum on each side of center, else¬
where with deep brown tomentum, and with very short erect
black hairs; scopa white, blackish on segment six, and on segment
five laterally and across the apical margin, sternites with con¬
spicuous entire white apical fasciae beneath the scopa.
Type, —Female; Costa Rica, [A. N. S. P., no. 4125]. Para-
type ,—1 9 ; topotypical, with abdomen missing, [A. N. S. P.j.
This seems to be somewhat like M, bodkini Cockerell, but the
latter has black hair on the clypeus, and no ventral fasciae are
mentioned in the description.
Megachile boliviensis Friese
1916. Megachile boliviensis Friese, Stett. Ent. Zeit., lxxvii, p. 340,
1921. Megachile boliviensis 9 Friese, Stett. Ent. Zeit., lxxxii, p. 92.
San Mateo, Costa Rica, October 5, 1920, [Mitchell, 1 cf type].
The female which was described by Friese as this species,
which I also have at hand, cannot be separated from M, iuxtla
Cresson, and it appears somewhat doubtful, therefore, that it is
the true female.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
286 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE)
Megachile arcus new species (PL X)
Male. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Face longer than wide; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially;
mandibles 4-dentate, without an inferior projection; cheeks
subequal in width to eyes, simple below; vertex very slightly
rounded, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge
of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum slightly longer
than pedicel, the following joints twice the length of the first,
the apical one neither dilated nor flattened, reaching beyond the
scutellum; front coxae long pubescent anteriorly, with neither
spines nor tubercles; front legs slender, the tarsi neither dilated
nor excavated; mid tibia twice as long as the metatarsus, with an
apical spur; hind legs slender; abdomen somewhat ovoid, apical
margins of the segments rather deeply depressed laterally;
segment six ventral in position, slightly protuberant at base
medially, the carina drawn out into two acute teeth, one on each
side of the broad and relatively shallow median emargination,
apical margin of the segment with acute median teeth which are
more widely separated from each other than from the acute
lateral teeth; segment seven barely evident, slightly pointed
medially; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Minute and close on cheeks; quite coarse and
rather widely separated on vertex, mesonotum and scutellum;
close on pleura, where they are fine above, more coarse below;
minute and definitely separated on abdomen, more crowded on
segments four and five; very minute and scattered on tegulae.
Color: Black, including antennae, tegulae and legs; wings
uniformly lightly infuscated, the nervures blackish to fuscous;
spurs ferruginous to fuscous.
Pubescence: Long, dense and pale ochraceous on face and
clypeus, with a few black hairs at sides below; more whitish on
cheeks, pleura, propodeum, sternum, legs and basal segments of
abdomen, long and dense on cheeks below; long, thin and black
on vertex and face above antennae, on mesonotum and scutellum,
with lighter hairs around the margins of the two latter; front and
middle tibiae with considerable black pubescence; pale on
segment three basally, black apically, and entirely black on
segment four, segments five and six with pale tomentum, thin on
segment five, which has numerous long erect black hairs, more
dense on segment six, which has both black and pale erect hairs;
front and middle tarsal fringes white, rather long and thin.
Type. —Male; Santa Marta, Colombia, January 9, 1923,
(M. A. Carriker), [Salt]. Paratype .—1 c?; Mount San Lorenzo,
Santa Marta, Colombia, 7000 ft., November 7, 1923, [Salt].
THEODOKE BERTIS MITCHELL
287
Merachil0 tuxUa Cresson (Pis. X, XII and XIV)
1878. Megachile tuxtla Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vii, p. 128.
1911. Megachile tuxtla Friese, Das Tierr., Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, p. 260.
1912. Megachile tuxtla Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8),'X, p. 25.
1920. Megachile tuxtla Cockerell, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., lv, p. 214.
San Jose, Costa Rica, May 20, 1903, (Crawford), [Titus, 2 cf,
11 9].
Megachile ecuadoria Friese
1904. Megachile ecuadoria Friese, Zeitschr. S3n3t. Hym. Dipt., iv, p. 187.
1914. Megachile ecuadoria Cockerell, J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., xxii, p. 311.
Metucana, Peru, June-July, 1913, 7300 ft., (Brues), [M. C. Z.,
1 cT; det. Cockerell].
The Carina of segment six and the mandibles are much as in
tuxtla (PI. XII).
Megachile fortuita new species (PI. XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 14 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 10 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes subparallel; apical
margin of clypeus with a very shallow median incurved area,
with slight crenulations on each side of this; mandibles 4-dentate,
the two apical teeth approximate, rounded, the two inner teeth,
acute but widely separate, cutting edges between the second,
third and fourth; cheeks broader than eyes, but slightly narrowed
above; vertex flat, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli somewhat
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum about
twice as long as the pedicel and somewhat longer than the second
joint; mid and hind metatarsi much shorter than their tibiae, but
about as broad, the mid tarsal joints with apical fringes of red
bristles beneath; claws with robust basal teeth; abdomen cordate,
hind margins of the segments scarcely at all depressed, even
laterally; segment six somewhat concave laterally in dorsal aspect
and concave in profile, with much erect pubescence visible in
profile, the ventral plate largely bare on apical half, but without
a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks and face, slightly
coarser but close on vertex; more sparse between eyes and ocelli;
relatively coarse but close on clypeus and supraclypeal area, but
with a narrow impunctate line on the clypeus; close and rather
fine on thorax above and laterally; very fine but distinctly
separated on the shining abdomen, but densely crowded on
segment six.
Color: Black; antennae somewhat paler below; tegulae obscurely
bronzy-ferruginous; wings subhyaline, slightly infuscated apically
and in radial cell, the nervures piceous; spurs dark ferruginous.
TBAKS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
288 NEOTBOPICAL UEOACHILE (hTMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAS)
Pubescence: Long and white at sides of mesonotum and
scutellum, on pleura above, on posterior face of propodeum, and
on segments one to three of abdomen; black on head except for a
slight amount of white around bases of antennae, and black on
pleura below, sternum, legs, and segments four to six of abdomen,
the abdomen entirely lacking fasciae, but the pubescence dense
and long throughout; scopa bright red on segments three to five,
black on segment two and six, and at extreme sides of segment
three.
Type. —Female; Peru, December 19, 1875, [M. C. Z., no.
16206].
Megachile impudene new species (PI. XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 10.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7 mm.
Structure: Face slightly longer than broad; eyes subparallel;
apical margin of clypeus very slightly crenulated; mandibles
4-dentate, the teeth acute and about equally spaced; cheeks
below about as broad as eyes, slightly narrowed above; vertex
slightly convex, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
slightly longer than the pedicel, the second joint subequal to the
pedicel; mid and hind metatarsi distinctly shorter and slightly
narrower than their tibiae, the mid tarsal joints fringed at apex
beneath with red bristles; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen
cordate, apical margins of the segments rather deeply depressed
laterally; segment six straight laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile
straight with erect hairs visible, the ventral plate quite uniformly
pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks; more distinctly
separated on vertex; coarser but crowded pn clypeus, sparse
medially on supraclypeal area; fine and close on thorax, but
somewhat sparse on mesonotum medially; very fine and close on
basal abdominal segments, becoming more coarse and distinct on
apical segments.
Color: Black; antennae brownish beneath; tegulae bronzy-
piceous; wings subhyaline, faintly infuscated apically and in
radial cell, nervures fuscous; spurs black.
Pubescence: White at sides of face, between antennae, on
cheeks above, on mesonotum anteriorly and laterally, around
pronotal tubercles, on propodeum above, and on basal segment
of abdomen; black on clypeus, supraclypeal area, vertex, cheeks
below, discs of mesonotum and scutellum, pleura, sternum, legs,
propodeum below, and discs of segments two to six of abdomen;
THEODOBE BERTI8 MITCHELL
289
segments one to five with very narrow entire pale ochraceous
apical fasciae; scopa bright fulvous except for some black on
segment two laterally.
Type, —Female; Cordova, Argentina, (Davis), [M. C. Z., no.
16204].
Megachile perspicua new species (PL XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially,
otherwise entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the teeth rather acute;
cheeks subequal to eyes in width, sUghtly narrowed above;
vertex slightly convex, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli
subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal joint of
flagellum subequal in length to pedicel, the second joint very
slightly shorter; mid and hind metatarsi distinctly shorter than
their tibiae, but almost as wide; claws with minute basal teeth;
abdomen cordate, apical margins of the segments rather deeply
depressed for their entire width; segment six slightly concave
laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile concave apically, with sub¬
erect hairs visible, the ventral plate bare on apical middle,
without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks; coarse and close
on clypeus; fine and rather close on vertex; supraclypeal area
impunctate medially; fine and rather sparse on mesonotum
medially, closer laterally; close on scutellum and on pleura above,
more coarse and distinctly separated on pleura belov/; fine and
close on basal abdominal segment, becoming more coarse and
scattered on segment five, segment six more finely and closely
punctate.
Color: Black; antennae more brownish beneath; mandibles and
femora obscurely reddish; tegulae blackish-piceous; wings sub¬
hyaline, slightly clouded apically, the nervures blackish; spurs
blackish.
Pubescence: Pale ochraceous at sides of face and around an¬
tennae, on cheeks posteriorly, on pronotum, pleura, propodeum,
mesonotum anteriorly, mostly so on legs, and conspicuous patches
behind tegulae and at sides of basal abdominal segment; black
on clypeus, vertex, cheeks below and along orbits, on discs of
mesonotum and scutellum, on front coxae, and discs of segments
two to five of abdomen; segments one to five with entire con¬
spicuous ochraceous apical fasciae, and the scutello-mesothoracic
suture subfasciate; segment six with subappressed pale tomentum
and scattered erect darker hairs; scopa whitish-ochraceous, black
on segment six.
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
290 NEOTROPICAL MEOACHILE (hTMENOPTEBA * MEGACHILIDAE)
Type. —Female; Cordova, Argentina, (Davis), [M. C. Z., no.
16203].
Mesrachile fruticosa new species
Female, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Face with length and breadth subequal; eyes
slightly converging below; apical margin of clypeus straight,
minutely denticulated; mandibles 4-dentate (much as in tuxtlaj
PL XIV), the inner tooth broadly truncate, the others acute,
cutting edges between the second, third and fourth; cheeks below
subequal to eyes in width, slightly narrower above; vertex flat,
hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli nearer edge of vertex than
to eyes; (antennae beyond scape missing); mid and hind metatarsi
very slightly narrower but considerably shorter than their tibiae;
claws with robust sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind
margins of the segments slightly depressed laterally; segment six
slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile also very
slightly concave, with much erect pubescence evident, the ventral
plate quite densely pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks and face, and on vertex
medially, rather sparse on vertex laterally; close and somewhat
more coarse on clypeus .lad supraclypeal area; rather sparse on
mesonotum medially where the surface is shining, closer anteriorly
and laterally, as also on scutellum; rather coarse on pleura,
definitely separated in part, but with, areas of close punctures
above and below; fine and quite close on abdomen, extremely
dense and fine on segment six.
Color: Black, including tegulae and legs; wings very faintly
infuscated, slightly darker in region of radial cell, the nervures
fuscous; front spurs ferruginous, the others piceous.
Pubescence: Greyish-white on face and cheeks, with tufts of
the same color around pronotal tubercles and above each tegula;
a few black hairs intermixed on clypeus apically, on cheeks
below, and between antennae; mesonotum and scutellum with
long intermixed greyish and blackish pubescence; long and black
on vertex, pleura, propodeum, sternum, and abdomen dorsaUy,
and mostly black and quite long on legs; more fuscous on outer
faces of front and middle metatarsi; abdomen entirely lacking
fasciae; scopa entirely deep black.
Type.—Female; Colombia (?), (G. F. Baker), [U. S. N. M.,
no. 43093].
THEODOBE BERTIS MITCHELL
291
Megachile redondeneis new species (PL XIV)
Female. —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face slightly broader above than long; eyes con¬
verging below; apical margin of clypeus straight, finely denticu¬
late; mandibles 4-dentate, the inner tooth broadly and sharply
truncate^ the others acute; cheeks below subequal in width to
eyes, narrowed above; vertex slightly convex, hind margin quite
strongly incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer edge of vertex than
to eyes; basal joint of flagellum very slightly longer than pedicel,
shorter than second joint, the middle joints about one and a
half times longer than broad; mid and hind metatarsi definitely
shorter and narrower than their tibiae; claws with distinct basal
teeth; abdomen cordate, apical margins of the segments depressed
except medially; segment six slightly concave laterally in dorsal
aspect, in profile slightly concave with long erect hairs visible,
the ventral plate largely bare apically, but without a distinct
bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks; fine and numerous
but well separated on vertex, rather large, shallow and close on
clypeus and supraclypeal area, but these with narrow median
areas in which shining spaces are evident; fine and close on
thorax, but somewhat separated in center of mesonotum, scu-
tellum, and on pleura above; sparse on sternum; fine on abdomen,
close laterally, more sparse medially, very fine and close 6n
segment six.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely reddish beneath; tegulae
obscurely reddish; wings subhyaline, more distinctly clouded
apically and in costal half of radial cell, nervures ferruginous;
spurs yellowish-fen uginous.
Pubescence: White on cheeks and at sides of face; fuscous on
clypeus and vertex; mixed white and fuscous between antennae;
whitish on thorax laterally and posteriorly, mesonotum and
scutellum with short whitish pubescence and longer erect fuscous
hairs, these very long on scutellum; white on legs with some
intermixed fuscous hairs on outer face of front tibia; fulvous on
tarsi beneath; whitish on basal segment of abdomen, more
ochraceous on segment two and base of segment three, short and
blackish or fuscous on segments three to five; segments one to
five with entire narrow apical fasciae, the basal one whitish,
the others more ochraceous, segment six with appressed greyish
tomentum and long erect black hairs; scopa fulvous, rather pale
at extreme base, fuscous on apical half of segment six.
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
292 NEOTROPICAL UBOACHILE (HTMENOFTEBA : MEOACHILIDAE)
Type, —^Female; Mount Redondo, Costa Rica, January 1903,
[A. N. S. P., no. 4132]. Paratype .—1 9 (iu poor condition);
Guadalajara, Meidco, (McClendon), [A. N. S. P.].
This is possibly only a color variety of tuxtla, being almost
identical structurally.
Megachile cockerelli Rohwer (Pis. X, XII and XIV)
1923. Megachile cockerelli Rohwer, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., xxv, p. 102.
Meadow Valley, Mexico, (Townsend), [Titus, 2 cf, 1 9].
Megachile conferta new species (PI. X)
Male, —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 5 mm.;
anterior wing, 11 mm.
Structure: Face almost square; eyes subparallel; apical margin
of clypeus subemarginate medially; mandibles 3-dentate, the
middle tooth strongly sinuate, the outer margin of the mandible
quite strongly angulate toward apex, without an inferior pro¬
jection; cheeks broader than eyes, simple below; vertex flat,
hind margin strongly concave; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge
of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum fully as long as the
following joints, more than twice the length of the pedicel, the
apical joint slightly flattened but not dilated; front coxae rather
densely pubescent anteriorly, without distinct spines; front
femora robust, but not definitely keeled; front tarsi flattened and
somewhat dilated, but not excavated, the metatarsus parallel¬
sided, almost as long as the other joints combined; middle legs
robust, the tibia longer than the metatarsus, with an apical spur;
hind femora robust, squarish in cross-section, the lower inner
margin drawn out into a carina-like protuberance near the base;
hind metatarsi short and robust; abdomen short and very broad,
apical margins of the apical segments rather broadly depressed
laterally; segment six largely hidden by segihent five, the carina
quite conspicuous, consisting of two obtusely triangular pro¬
jections separated by a semicircular emargination, apical margin
of the segment with carinate median teeth, the lateral ones acute;
segment seven visible, obtuse; four sternites exposed.
Puncturation: Fine and densely crowded on clypeus, face,
cheeks, and entire thorax; close on vertex medially, but rather
sparse laterally; very sparse on the poHshed mandibles; fine and
close on the basal abdominal segments, becoming somewhat more
sparse on segment five, but densely crowded on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae obscurely fuscous below; mandibles
obscurely reddish; legs piceous, the apical tarsal joints ferrugi¬
nous, the front metatarsi creamy-white, dark along the anterior
margin; tegulae fuscous; wings subhyaUne, the nervures fuscous;
spurs fuscous to black.
THEODOBE BERTIS MITCHELL
293
Pubescence: Long and dense throughout; pale ochraceous on
clypeus and face medially, on front coxae and femora, pleura
anteriorly, around margin of dorsum of thorax, on propodeum,
and basal abdominal segment; fuscous on lower angle of cheeks;
deep black on cheeks, sides of face, vertex, mesonotum, scutellum,
pleura posteriorly, front tibiae, the four posterior legs entirely,
and on abdominal Segments beyond the &st; front tarsi rather
densely clothed with short whitish pubescence, forming a very
short posterior fringe, the anterior margin with deep ferruginous
pubescence.
Type, —Male; Pano (?), Peru, April 1 [or January 4 ?], 1895,
[M. C. Z., no. 16207].
Megachile praefica Gribodo (?)
1894. Megachile praefica Gribodo, Act. Soc. Scient. Chili, iv, p. 204.
1921. Megachile savlcyi (= praefica)^ Herbst, Stett. Ent. Zeit., lxxxii, p. 103.
Santiago, Chili, [Mitchell, 1 cf, 1 9].
This is a definitely fasciate form, quite distinct from saulcyi
although a close affinity, which runs to praefica in Friese’s key.*
It is queried since it has been given as a synonym of saulcyi.
Megachile saulcyi Guerin
1845. Megachile savlcyi Guerin, Icon. Reg. An. Cuvier, vii, Insecta, p. 450.
1851. Megachile chilensis Spinola, Hist. Fis. Chili, ZooL, vi, p. 178.
1894. Megachile chilensis Gribodo, Act. Soc. Scient. Chili, iv, p. 203.
1899. Megachile saulcyi (= chilensis) Perez, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., iii, p. 109.
1904. Megachile chilensis Vachal, Rev. d’Ent., xxiii, p. 11.
1904. Megachile savlcyi (= chilensis) Alfken, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., viii,
p. 141.
1905. Megachile chilensis Cockerell, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxi, p. 338.
1909. Megachile saulcyi Vachal, Rev. d’Ent., xxviii, p. 8.
1917. Megachile saulcyi (and chilensis) Herbst, D. Ent. Zeitschr., 1917, p. 267.
1921. Megachile savlcyi (== chilensis = praefica) Herbst, Stett. Ent. Zeit.,
LXXXII, p. 103.
Chile, [Mitchell, 1 cf]. Pudabuel, November 30,1921, [Mitch¬
ell, 19]. Yura, Peru, August 23, (Cockerell), [Mitchell, 19].
Arequipa, Peru, October 28, 1898, [Titus, 19].
Megachile fumata new species (PI. XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 12 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 9.5 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad above as long; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus with a shallow median
♦Das Tierr. Lf. 28, Apidae, 1, (1911).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
294 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOFTEBA .* MEGACHILIDAE)
emargination, in the center of which is a rather strong denticle;
mandibles 4-dentate, the inner tooth broadly truncate, the
truncation slightly incurved, the mandible thus approaching the
6-dentate condition, the other teeth acute; cheeks below slightly
narrower than eyes, much narrower above; vertex very slightly
convex, hind margin strongly incurved; lateral ocelli very slightly
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum
subequal in length to pedicel, the second joint very slightly
longer, middle joints o:dy slightly longer than broad; all the
metatarsi shorter and somewhat narrower than their tibiae;
claws with strong basal teeth; abdomen conical, the segments
slightly depressed basally and apically; segment six very slightly
concave laterally and rounded apically in dorsal aspect, in profile
straight, with numerous evident erect hairs, the ventral plate
quite uniformly pubescent throughout, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks; fine, evenly distributed
and distinctly separated on vertex; deep and quite coarse on
clypeus and supraclypeal area, very close laterally, more sepa¬
rated along the median line; shallow and sparse on mesonotum
medially, fine and crowded laterally, the surface between the
punctures dull; rather fine and close on scutellum; more coarse
and deep on pleura; fine, evenly distributed and rather sparse
on segments one to five of abdomen, close on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae fuscous beneath; tegulae yellowish-
hyaline, with a dark fuscous spot anteriorly; wings pale fuliginous,
darker in region of radial and submarginal cells, the nervures
black or fuscous; spurs yellowish; abdomen with slight purplish
reflections.
Pubescence: Whitish at sides of face and on cheeks; fuscous on
clypeus and vertex, mixed whitish and fuscous between and above
antennae; white on thorax laterally and beneath, very thin on
mesonotum, pale anteriorly, but otherwise fuscous; long and
fuscous on scutellum and on propodeum posteriorly, but the
latter fringed above and at sides with conspicuous dense white
pubescence; a conspicuous cream-colored band on hind margin of
pronotum, fuscous in front of this and laterally, and a similar tuft
behind each tegula; white on legs, ferruginous beneath tarsi;
basal abdominal segment with a distinct narrow white apical
fascia, the other segments at most subfasciate laterally, pubes¬
cence of the discs thin and inconspicuous, fuscous on segment one,
with a little pale tomentum on the others; segment six with
dense appressed dark brownish pubescence on apical half, with
numerous erect black hairs; scopa creamy-white, black on
segment six, with a few black hairs on segment five.
Type.—Female; Guapiles, Costa Rica, July 1915, (D. E.
narrower), [A. N. S. P., no. 4131].
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
295
This appears to be close to Af. perpunctata Cockerell, but that
is descrited as having 3-dentate mandibles, with a very closely
punctate thorax, piceous tegulae, and white fasciae on segments
one and two of abdomen. M, irritans Smith, which may also be
close, has pubescence of face white, and vertex with a little black
pubescence, no mention being made of dark pubescence on
clypeus.
Megachile simplicipes Friese (PL XIV)
1920. Megachile nigrolateralis Cockerell (not lachesis var.), Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., LV, p. 217.
1921. Megachile simplidpea Friese, Stett. Ent. Zeit., lxxxii, p. 93.
1927. Megachile atrolateralis Cockerell, Am. Mus. Nov., no. 274, p. 5.
San Mateo, Costa Rica, March 1921, [Mitchell; type 9].
Pto. Castello, Republic of Honduras, March 26, 1924, [Meyer,
10 91. All compared with nigrolateralis type.
Megachile hamata new species
Female. —Size: Length, 13 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 8 mm.
Structure: Face broader above than long; eyes converging
below; apical margin of clypeus subcrenulate; mandibles 4-
dentate (much as in simplicipes^ PI. XIV), the two apical teeth
approximate, a slight angle between the third and fourth; cheeks
considerably narrower than eyes; vertex flat, hind margin
incurved; lateral ocelli slightly nearer edge of vertex than to
eyes; basal joint of flagellum only slightly longer than the
pedicel, shorter than the second joint, the apical one somewhat
longer than the others; mid and hind metatarsi considerably
shorter and narrower than their tibiae, mid tarsal joints fringed
apically beneath with reddish bristles; claws with sharp basal
teeth; abdomen cordate, apical margins of the segments narrowly
depressed laterally; segment six very slightly concave laterally in
dorsal aspect, in profile straight with numerous visible erect hairs,
the ventral plate densely pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on vertex, face and cheeks,
but vertex with a narrowly triangular median impunctate area;
coarse on clypeus and supraclypeal area, close laterally, sparse
medially; sparse on mesonotum medially, close and fine laterally,
as also on scutellum and pleura; fine and quite close on the shining
abdomen, especially basally.
Color: Black; antennae beneath and tegulae more piceous;
wings uniformly faintly infuscated, the nervures fuscous to black,
stigma more ferruginous; spurs brownish-ferruginous.
t«ans. am. ent. boo., lvi.
296 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMENOPTERA .* MEGACHILIDAE)
Pubescence; White and dense on cheeks, pleura and pro-
podeum; yeUowish-white on face; very short and more ochraceous
on clypeus; thin and black on vertex, disc of mesonotum, scu-
tellum, and a black tuft on the pronotal tubercles; tegulae
surrounded by dense white pubescence except posteriorly, and
scutello-mesothoracic suture white fasciate; greyish-white on
discs of segments one to five of abdomen, this becoming blackish
along apical margins of the segments, long on the basal segment,
very short on all the others, segment six however with long erect
black hairs, without appressed tomentum; scopa white, entirely
black on segment six.
Type, —Female; Rio Frio, Magdalena, Colombia, December
26, 1926, [Salt]. Paraiypes,—2 9 ; topotypical, [Salt]. 1 9 ;
Santa Marta, Colombia, January 9, 1923, (M. A. Carriker),
[Salt].
One of the topotypical paratypes was caught at flowers of
Machaerium humboldtiarunij on April 15, 1927. This specimen,
and the one from Santa Marta, are slightly smaller than the
type, about 11.5 mm. in length, but are apparently identical
otherwise.
Megachile nuda new species
Female, —Size: Length, 11 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure; Face very slightly brbader than long; eyes sub¬
parallel; apical margin of clypeus very minutely and irregularly
denticulate, subentire; mandibles 4-dentate (much as in dmplici^
pes, PI. XIV), the two apical teeth acute, the third very broad
and low, angulate between the third and fourth and thus ap¬
proaching the 5-dentate condition; cheeks below slightly narrower
than eyes, slightly narrowed above; vertex flat, hind margin
strongly incurved; lateral ocelli much nearer edge of vertex than
to eyes; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel,
as also to the second joint; mid and Und metatarsi somewhat
shorter and narrower than their tibiae; claws with short, sharp
basal teeth; abdomen conical, apical margins of the segments
depressed laterally but not medially; segment six straight
laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight with numerous
visible erect hairs, the ventral plate densely pubescent, without a
bare apical lip,
Puncturation: Fine and close on cheeks, face and vertex, the
latter with a small median impunctate area; coarse and sparse,
at least medially, on clypeus and supraclypeal area; fine and
quite sparse on disc of mesonotum mediaUy, fine and close
laterally, as also on scutellum and on pleura above, more dis-
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
297
tinctly separated and slightly coarser on pleura below; very fine
and sparse on the polished abdomen, but segment six more
closely punctured.
Color: Black; antennae beneath obscurely brownish-piceous;
mandibles, legs and tegulae bright ferruginous; wings faintly
infiiscated, more so apically and in radial cell, the nervures
piceous to blackish; spurs ferruginous; abdomen with purplish
reflections; mesosternum with a broad ferruginous median stripe.
Pubescence: Dense and creamy-white at sides of face, on
cheeks, around pronotal tubercles, at lateral margins of pro-
podeum, and at posterior lateral angles of mesonotum, elsewhere
thin, short and inconspicuous; yellowish on clypeus, face medi¬
ally, vertex and legs, but more whitish between antennae and on
anterior portion of mesonotum, on prosternum, and on meso-
pleura in part; fuscous or black on disc of mesonotum, scutellum,
larger part of pleura, and at sides of basal abdominal segment;
abdomen largely bare, without fasciae, and with very short pale
pubescence visible only toward the sides; segment six with a
very fine pale pilosity and erect black hairs; scopa creamy-white,
entirely black on segment six, and a few black hairs at sides of
segment five.
Type. —Female; Pedra Branca, Brazil, April, (H. H. Smith),
[A. N. S. P., no. 4130]. Paratypes .—1 9 ; topotypical. 2 9 ;
Chapada and Corumba, Brazil, April, [A. N. S. P.]. 2 9*;
Buenavista, Bolivia, [Meyer].
This is very close to simplicipes Friese, differing principally in
the bright red legs and tegulae, and it is possible that it is only
a race or variety of simplicipes.
Megachile acris new species (PL XIII)
Female. —Size: Length, 10 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.7 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face slightly longer than broad; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus with slight irregular
crenulations; mandibles 4-dentate, the two apical teeth approxi¬
mate, the others quite distant, no cutting edges evident; cheeks
ilarrower than eyes, but slightly narrowed above; vertex very
slightly convex, hind margin incurved; lateral ocelli slightly
nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of flagellum very
slightly longer than the pedicel and also the second joint, these
latter of about equal length; mid and hind metatarsi slightly
shorter and narrower than their tibiae; claws with minute basal
teeth; abdomen narrowly cordate, apical margins of the segments
slightly depressed laterally; segment six very slightly concave
laterally in dorsal aspect and in profile, with numerous short erect
TKAKS. AM. ENT. BOO., LVI.
298 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILB (hYMBNOPTERA : MBGACHILIDAB)
hairs visible in profile, the ventral plate quite densely pubescent,
without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks, face, vertex,
mesonotum and scutellum; somewhat coarser but close on
clypeus; fine and close on pleura above, but more coarse and
sparse below; rather fine and close, but distinctly separated on
the shining abdomen, but very fine and densely crowded on
segment six.
Color: Black; antennae more brownish-piceous below; tegulae
piceous; wings subhyaline, faintly infuscated apically, deeply so
in radial cell, the nervures piceous; spurs dark reddish.
Pubescence: Short in general; whitish on cheeks, pleura below,
propodeum, legs and basal segment of abdomen, densely so on
pronotal tubercles; white around antennae, but with long black
hairs intermixed between them; black on clypeus, vertex, disc of
mesonotum, scutellum, and a large black patch on pleura above;
very short and pale on discs of segments two to five of abdomen;
segments one to five with entire pale ochraceous apical fasciae;
segment six with a fine silvery pruinosity, and erect black hairs;
sternites two to five with white apical fasciae evident laterally;
scopa pale ochraceous, black apically on segment six.
Type. —^Female; Villarrica, Paraguay, February 1923, [Meyer].
Megachile stabilis new species (PL XIV)
Female. —Size: length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 7.5 mm.
Structure: Face slightly longer than broad; eyes subparallel;
apical margin of clypeus slightly incurved medially, otherwise
entire; mandibles 4-dentate, the two apical teeth approximate,
the third acute, inner one rounded; cheeks slightly narrower than
eyes, slightly narrowed above, the posterior margin carinate;
vertex very slightly convex, hind margin almost straight; lateral
ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum subequal in length to the pedicel and also to the
second joint, the third and following ones longer; mid metatarsus
but very slightly narrower and shorter than the tibia, the hind
metatarsi distinctly shorter and narrower than their tibiae;
claws with minute basal teeth; abdomen cordate, hind margins
of the segments depressed laterally, but not medially; segment six
very slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile straight
with no visible erect hairs, the ventral plate uniformly pubescent,
without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and densely crowded on face, vertex,
cheeks, mesonotum, scutellum, and pleura above; somewhat
coarser and more definitely separated on clypeus and supraclypeal
area medially, and on pleura below; very fine and close, but not
crowded, on abdomen throughout.
THEODORE BERTI8 MITCHELL
299
Color: Black, including mandibles and legs; antennae blackish-
pi ceous beneath; tegulae blackish-piceous; wings slightly infus-
cated, more so apically and quite deeply so in radial cell, the
nervures piceous; spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: Very short and inconspicuous throughout, but
with short dense white pubescence on margin of pronotum and
around pronotal tubercles; otherwise thin and white on face,
cheeks, pleura, propodeum, legs, on mesonotum anteriorly, and
at sides of basal abdominal se^ent; blackish on vertex, disc of
mesonotum, scutellum, and discs of segments one to four of
abdomen where it is extremely short, segments five to six with a
fine inconspicuous pale pruinosity and short but erect blackish
hairs toward the sides; segments two to five with pale apical
fasciae evident laterally; scopa whitish-ochraceous, black on
segments five and six laterally.
Type, —Female; Buena vista, Bolivia, [Meyer]. Paratypes ,—
5 9 ; topotypical, [Meyer],
Megachile kartaboensis new species (PI. XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 10.5 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 4 mm.;
anterior wing, 9 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes subparallel; apical
margin of clypeus incurved, entire; mandibles 4-dentate; cheeks
below subequal to eyes in width, narrower above, hind margins
carinate; vertex slightly convex, hind margin incurved; lateral
ocelli subequally distant from eyes and edge of vertex; basal
joint of flagellum subequal in length to pedicel, the second joint
very slightly longer and considerably broader; mid metatarsi
slightly broader than their tibiae but not quite as long, the hind
metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower than their tibiae; claws
with sharp basal teeth; abdomen cordate, apical margins of the
segments not at all depressed; segment six straight laterally in
dorsal aspect, in profile straight with no evident erect hairs, the
ventral plate rather uniformly pubescent, without a bare apical
lip.
Puncturation: Fine and densely crowded on face, vertex,
mesonotum and scutellum; minute and shallow on the shining
cheeks; deep and more distinctly separated on clypeus; rather fine
and close on pleura above, coarser, deep and sparse below;
minute and densely crowded on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black, including antennae, mandibles, legs and tegulae
anteriorly, the latter coppery medially; wings faintly infuscated,
more deeply so apically, and deep in radial cell; spurs piceous to
blackish.
TRAKS. AM. sarr. 800., LVI.
300 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hTMENOPTEBA : UEOACHILIDAE)
Pubescence: Extremely short and inconspicuous throughout,
pale in part, but the general aspect black; whitish on cheeks,
pleura, propodeum, and densely so around pronotal tubercles;
fuscous on face, vertex, disc of mesonotum and scutellum, a
black patch on pleura above, and entirely black on discs of
abdominal segments, these not fasciate; segment six with only
very fine fuscous tomentum, with no erect hairs; femora largely
pale pubescent, short and fuscous on tibiae, dense brownish-
fuscous on outer faces of front and middle tarsi, hind tarsi with
sparse short dark hairs, hind femora and tibiae with fine appressed
silvery tomentum on their posterior faces; scopa whitish, with
intermixed fuscous hairs laterally and apic^y.
Type. —Female; Kartabo, British Guiana, July-August 1920,
(W. M. Wheeler), [M. C. Z., no. 16212].
Megachile suavis new species (PL XIII)
Female, —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face longer than broad; eyes very slightly con¬
verging below; apical margin of clypeus entire, very slightly
incurved; mandibles indistinctly 5-dentate, the fourth tooth
inconspicuous; cheeks below subequal in width to eyes, slightly
narrowed above; vertex slightly convex, hind margin very
slightly incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and
edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to
pedicel, and also to the median antennal joints, the second being
considerably shorter; mid and hind metatarsi shorter and
narrower than their tibiae; claws with sharp basal teeth; abdomen
rather long cordate, apical margins of the segments slightly
depressed laterally; segment six nearly straight laterally in dorsal
aspect, in profile straight with only suberect hairs visible, the
ventral plate rather densely pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Fine and close but not crowded on vertex,
cheeks, mesonotum and scutellum; somewhat coarser but close
on pleura; coarse on clypeus and supraclypeal area, close laterally,
more distinctly separated medially; very fine and rather close on
abdomen, closely crowded on segment six.
Color: Black, including antennae, tegulae and legs; wings
subhyaline, slightly clouded apically and on costal margin of
radial cell, the nervures blackish; front spurs ferruginous, mid
and hind ones black.
Pubescence: Whitish on cheeks, pronotum, mesonotum anteri¬
orly and laterally, pleura, propodeum, legs and basal segment of
abdomen; blackish on vertex, disc of mesonotum, scutellum, and
a rather large black patch on pleura above: mixed black and
white on face and clypeus; very short and pale on segments two
THEODORE BERTIS MITCHELL
301
to five of abdomen, whitish on basal segment, but becoming
ochraceous on segment five, segments one to five with entire, pale
apical fasciae, that on segment five more ochraceous, the others
whitish; segment six with a thin ochraceous pilosity and short
suberect black hairs; sternites two to five with entire conspicuous
white apical fasciae beneath the scopa, the scopa pale ochraceous,
blackish at tip of segment six.
Type, —Female; Villarrica, Paraguay, November 1923, [Mey¬
er]. Paratype .—1 9 ; topotypical, [Meyer].
Megachile affabilU new species (PI. XIV)
Female, —Size: Length, 9 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 3 mm.;
anterior wing, 6 mm.
Structure: Face about as broad as long; eyes slightly converging
below; apical margin of clypeus with three small (hstinct denticles;
mandibles 4-dentate, the teeth rather low but acute; cheeks
narrower than eyes, not narrowed above; vertex convex, hind
margin incurved; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and
edge of vertex; basal joint of flagellum subequal in length to
pedicel as also to the second joint, the following ones very
slightly longer; mid and hind metatarsi considerably shorter and
narrower than their tibiae; claws with barely distinguishable
basal teeth; abdomen cordate, apical margins of the median
segments slightly depressed laterally; segment six very slightly
concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profie straight with numer¬
ous visible erect hairs, the ventral plate thinly pubescent apically,
without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Close, but not crowded, and rather fine, on
clypeus, vertex, mesonotum, pleura above, and scutellum; supra-
clypeal area with a small median impimctate space; pleura more
coarsely punctate below; cheeks more finely and closely punctate;
fine and close on abdomen throughout.
Color: Black; antennae beneath and tegulae more piceous;
wings subhyaline, slightly infuscated apically, nervures blackish;
spurs ferruginous.
Pubescence: White at sides of face and between antennae, on
cheeks, pleura, sternum, propodeum, legs, and basal segment of
Abdomen; black on vertex, disc of mesonotum and scutellum,
with a very few black hairs beneath each tegula; white on clypeus,
with long erect black hairs intermixed, as also between antennae;
scutello-mesothoracic suture whitish fasciate; thin and obscurely
ochraceous to blackish on discs of segments two to five of ab¬
domen, segments one to five with entire whitish apical fasciae,
more ochraceous apically; segment six with thin pale ochraceous
appressed pubescence and numerous erect bristle-like black hairs;
TBAKS. AM. SNT. 800., LVL
302 NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE (hYMENOPTERA : MEGACHILIDAE)
scopa whitish basally, becoming pale fulvous on segment five,
black on segment six.
Type. —Female; Villarrica, Paraguay, 1923, [Meyer], Paror
types .—1 9 ; Tapyta, Paraguay, November 1925. 1 9; St.
Amaro, Brazil, September-November 1921, [all Meyer],
Megachile riojanensis new species (PL XIII)
Female. —Size: Length, 8 mm.; breadth of abdomen, 2.5 mm.;
anterior wing, 5.5 mm.
Structure: Face slightly longer than broad; eyes slightly
converging below; apical margin of clypeus minutely crenulate;
mandibles 4-dentate, the teeth acute, the two apical ones approxi¬
mate; cheeks below almost as wide as eyes, narrowed above, not
carinate; vertex slightly convex, hind margin incurved; lateral
ocelh slightly nearer edge of vertex than to eyes; basal joint of
flagellum subequal in length to pedicel, slightly longer than the
second joint, the following ones broader but not much longer;
mid and hind metatarsi slightly shorter and narrower than their
tibiae; claws with very minute basal teeth; abdomen cordate, the
concavity of the basal segment almost obliterated, with a median
ridge and a slight concavity on each side; apical margins of the
segments very slightly depressed laterally; segment six very
slightly concave laterally in dorsal aspect, in profile also slightly
concave and with visible erect hairs, the ventral plate uniformly
and thinly pubescent, without a bare apical lip.
Puncturation: Very fine and close on cheeks, face, vertex,
mesonotum, scutellum and pleura above; more coarse but close
on clypeus; coarse and rather sparse on pleura below; rather fine
on the abdomen, close on basal segments, becoming more scat¬
tered on segment five, very minute and close on segment six.
Color: Black; antennae brownish-piceous below; legs and
tegulae more reddish-piceous; wings subhyaline, faintly infus-
cated apically, quite deeply so in radial cell, nervures ferruginous
to piceous; spurs ferruginous to piceous.
Pubescence: Rather short and thin in general; white on cheeks,
pleura below, propodeum and legs, with dense white patches in
front of and behind the wing bases; black on vertex, disc of
mesonotum except anteriorly, and pleura above; mixed black and
white on face, clypeus and scutellum; very short and incon¬
spicuous on abdomen, largely pale, the segments with entire pale
apical fasciae, segments five and six with erect black hairs, and
segment six with a fine pale pruinosity in addition; scopa pale
ochraceous, largely black on segment six.
Type. —Female; La Rioja, Argentina, [M. C. Z., no. 16208],
Paratype .—1 9 ; topotypical, [M. C. Z.].
THEODOBE BEBTIS
303
Index
abacula
177
abnormis
271
acerba
266
acns
297
aegra
283
aequalis
246
aetheria
229
affabilis
301
agrestis
197
alta
284
ampla
212
angularis
234
angusta
241
anodonta
263
anthidioides
238
antiqua
270
apunpennis
240
arabilis
201
arcus
286
ardua
268
argentma
199
asuncicola
209
ater
210
atncoma
257
atrolateralu
295
atromentata
256
aurata
222
aurea
244
azteca
196
banksi
220
bella
249
bemensis
229
bemgna
214
bernardina
205
bertomi
266
blanda
247
bodkim
282
bohviensis
285
brancoensis
187
brasiliensis
237
burmeisteri
225
cachoeirensis
191
Candida
206
candidella
206
cara
263
cartagenensis
176
catamarcensis
248
certa
272
chapadiana
193
ehilensts
293
ClVlllS
208
clara
281
cockerelh
292
coelioxifonms
282
coeltoxcndes
282
colombiana
227
concava
242
conferta
292
congniens
248
conjugalis
258
contemptus
259
contmua
239
cordovensis
189
corona
274
cruziana
181
curvipes
192
davisi
219
delectus
217
densa
257
denticidata
237
dentipes
182
digna
240
diversa
261
donata
269
ecuadoria
287
egressa
276
electrum
223
emendata
236
expleta
252
fastidiosa
179
felicis
216
ferruginosa
183
fiebrigi
273
flavihirsuta
225
fortuita
287
fossoris
196
fruticosa
290
fumata
293
furcata
192
futilis
254
T&ANS. AM. BNT. SOC , LVl.
304 NEOTBOFICAL MBGACHILB (hTUBNOFTBBA: MBOACHIUDAb)
gomphrenae.
.203
gomphrenae .
.248
grindeliarum .
.226
gualanei^is.
.177
guaranitica.
.248
habilis.
.278
haematoxylonae.
.178
hamata.
.295
hieron 3 nni.
.226
hilarimorpha.
.184
hoffmannseggiae. . . .
.196
hypoleuca.
.196
ignava.
.279
illustris.
.188
iTnTnn.nia.
.230
imperator.
.185
impudens.
.288
inconstans.
.233
indigoferae.
.221
indulgens.
.224
infinita.
.204
inscita.
.196
insolens.
.275
intergradus.
....184 and 185
ivonensis.
.266
jucunda.
.245
kartaboensis.
.299
knabi .
.176
leuGOcentra.
.196
leucostomella.
.266
limae.
.223
lorenziensis.
.184
manaosensis.
.203
melanopoda (?).
.263
mexicana.
.230
microdontura.
.266
microsoma.
.266
minuscula (?).
.280
mobilis.
.264
montezuma.
.280
morona ^.
.209
nigrolatercdia .
.295
nuda.
.296
nudiventris .187
numerus.235
obdurata.180
obliqua.218
orba.266
orbiculata.273
otomita.176
parata. 231
paratexana.226
paraxanthura.241
perihirta (?).226
perita..202
perspicua.289
philinca.263
pilosa.266
piurensis.256
planiceps .273
pleuralis .240
poculifera .182
pollinosa.199
praecipua.282
praefica.293
prietana.191
proserpina.187
prudens.238
pulclrfa.191
pullata.257
quadridentata.177
recta.277
redondensis.. ^.291
reliqua.260
rhodopua .196
riojanensis.302
saltensis.203
santaremensis.194
eaulcyi.293
semota. 263
simplicipes.295
squalens.240
sqmmosa .176
stabilis.298
sterilifl.211
stomatura.283
suavis.300
THEODOBE BERTIS MITCHELL 305
Bubita
232
uniformis
281
tapytensis
248
velhoensis
199
texam
226
vernomae
187
timida
194
versicolor
199
totonaca
187
vestis
262
trepida
213
viator
215
truciB .
251
villamcensis
207
turbulenta
255
turpis
253
zaptlana
184
tuxtla
287
Explanation op Plates
Plate X. Mandibles of males.
Plate XL Front tarsi of males.
Plate XIL Carina of sixth abdominal tergite and mid tibiae of males;
ventral aspect of abdomen of M. antiqua n. sp. (center).
Plate XIIL Clypeus and mandibles of females.
Plate XIV. Clypeus and mandibles of females.
NOTES ON AND DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME
NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAE AND
MICROPEZIDAE
(DIPTERA)
BY EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
This paper is the result of several years’ interrupted study of
these interesting families based on material mostly from Panama
and the West Indies.
Previous to the appearance of Dr. Enderlein’s “ Klassifikation
der Micropeziden”^ these species were confined to one family
consisting of NeriicSj Calobata, Micropeza and several less known
genera. This ^^Klassifikation,” although contributing consider¬
ably to our knowledge of the family, falls far short of offering a
logical or even a practical classification. Dr. Enderlein fortu¬
nately had much material, mostly from South America and
the East Indies, which naturally contained many new forms,
and which certainly should have given any careful student of
this group an excellent opportunity to work up a nucleus
of a practical classification, especially if he also had access to the
European collections. Although his paper is entitled “Hassifi-
kation der Micropeziden” little attention is given to the known
Palaearctic and Nearctic species, and it is difficult to conceive
of a classification that does not include the known species of those
faunae. That the family is rich in forms may be gleaned from
the fact that Dr. Enderlein finds thirty-one new genera and one
hundred and thirty-five new species, most of which are probably
valid. In the present paper I propose two new genera and
twenty new species.
Judging from the characterization of many of his genera, it is
evident that Enderlein failed to grasp the essential characters,
so that even if most of the genera he proposed will prove to be
tenable, they may not stand on any of the characters originally
given; and in some cases an entirely different concept will have
> Archiv f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 6, pp. 140-229, (1922).
TRANS. AM. XNT. BOC., LVI.
308 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAE AND MICBOPEZIOAB (dIPTBRA)
to be formed in order to be consistent, or satisfied as to their
validity. This condition gives much trouble especially if many
of the included species, particularly the genotypes, are not found
in the material at hand.
The “Klassifikation” does however offer considerable help in
that it is fairly complete in collating the described species of the
faunae treated, but in this respect care must be exercised, for
there is a sad lack of proper bibliographical references to the
species. Merely the date following the author’s name is given,
and the former is often wrong. This method of citation is merely
suggestive, serving no other purpose, and necessitates much
search for the original descriptions. Types of the new species
are not designated, which is an acknowledged requisite these days.
One may therefore glean from the above brief analysis of the
“Klassifikation” that there is a strong reflection of superficiality.
The material before me, for the most part, is from Panama and
the West Indies with a relatively small number from South
America. A total of eleven hundred and fifteen specimens have
been examined, representing ten genera and ninety-one species.
I take this opportunity to acknowledge my indebtedness to the
following persons and institutions for privilege of studying their
unnamed, and in some cases their named material. Dr. Jos.
Bequeart [Bequaert], United States National Museum [U. S.
N. M.] through Dr. J. M. Aldrich, the American Museum of
Natural History [A. M. N. H.] through Dr. F. E. Lutz, Cornell
University [Cornell] through Dr. J. C. Bradley and Mr. C. H.
Curran, New York Academy of Sciences [N. Y. A. S.] and the
New York Zoological Society [N. Y. Z. S.] through Dr. F. E.
Lutz and Mr. C. H. Curran, the Canadian National Museum
[Canada] through Mr. C. H. Curran, and Mr. R. H. Painter
[Painter].
Prior to Enderlein’s paper, Osten-Sacken was the most recent
student to give a comprehensive treatment of this family, in his
paper on Philippine Diptera.’ With notes on the described
genera and species, and descriptions of new forms, he gave us
a very thorough review of this group, particularly noting the
chaetotaxy. He considered the following genera as members of
the family: Calbbaia Meigen, 1803, Micropeza Meigen, 1803,
* Berl. Ent. Zeit., xxvi, pp. 194-208, (1882).
EZRA T. CRES80N, JR.
309
Neriua Fabricius, 1805, Longina Wiedermann, 1830, Taeniaptera
Macquart, 1835, Cardiacephala Macquart, 1843, Orammicomyia
Bigot, 1859, Telostylus Bigot, 1859, Anaeropsts Bigot, 1866,
Calycopteryx Eaton, 1875, Nothyhus Rondani, 1875, Nestima
Osten-Sacken, 1881 and a new genus Eurybata,
The position and limitation of these genera have been well
established, with the exception of Taeniaptera, which has been
confused with, or, not been considered sufficiently distinct to
separate it from, Calobata. Osten-Sacken in the above mentioned
paper uses the position of the posterior crossvein in relation to
the end of the second vein, as the primary characteristics of these
two genera. HendeP uses the relative widths of the frontal
orbits and the mesofrons. I find that Calobata is very unique in
its genitalic characteristics and in the Micropeza-like head.
Those genera allied to Taeniaptera have the sternopleural comb
well developed and the head less produced post-orbitally.
Micropeza stands alone in consequence of its elongate head and
absence of the basal crossvein. Rondani^s genera Mimegralla,
Grallopoda, Grallomyia and Grallopeza, were established, vide
Osten-Sacken, for the most part in the absence of specimens,
merely upon comparisons of Macquart^s defective figures of the
venation. Consequently he, Osten-Sacken, did not consider
them valid. With later inclusions, and the addition of Tanypeza
Fallen, 1820, Gobrya Walker, 1860, Seracea Walker, 1860,
Paranerius Bigot, 1886 and Calobatella Mik, 1898, we had a
fairly well marked family. In 1903, Hendel^ threw out Tanypeza
but introduced Chaetonerius, and later,^ another genus, Gym-
nmerius.
In a previous paper® I made a brief contribution to our knowl¬
edge of this family, paying particular attention to the variations
in the genitalic structure of the species then before me. Later ^
I offered some suggestions for the subfamily divisions, based upon
* Wien. Ent. Zeit., xxii, p. 202, (1903).
* Wein. Ent. Zeit., xxii, p. 201, (1903).
‘ Suppl. Ent., ii, p. 41, (1913).
* Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxiv, p. 12, (1908).
' Ent. News, xxiu, p. 389-391, (1912).
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC., LYI.
310 NEOTBOPICAL NBRIIDAE AND HICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTEBA)
the structure of the thorax, especially in the region of the sterno-
pleura, and characterized some of the genera represented; but
owing to the lack of sufiScient material from more varied localities,
I failed to form a proper concept of those groups. The two
families, Neriidae and Micropezidae, Enderlein retains, as
subfamilies but Hendel in 1922^ raised them to full family rank,
which latter treatment I follow in the present paper adhering for
the most part to Enderlein’s arrangement. In the Micropezidae
I make several departures that seem necessary, and follow my
own idea as to the sequence of the genera which, however, I
must confess, do not satisfy. There is no doubt some dichoto¬
mous arrangement, but more thorough studies of all available
material should be made before anything definite can be offered
in this line.
Explanation of terms used .—In the study of this family, the
unusual development of the sclerites of the head made necessary
the adoption of several terms not generally used in dipterological
taxonomy, and also made an apparent change in the meaning of
several well understood terms. It has not been necessary,
however, to create new terms, but the application of those I use
may not in all cases be that as originally proposed, nor be familiar
to most students. Consequently a brief explanation of these are
here given, particularly those referring to the areas of head.
I have used the term occiput to refer to the entire region of the
head posterior to the eyes; here we have the paracephala as the
lateral portions of the occiput bordering the posterior orbits, and
bearing the outer vertical bristles on their upper portion, and are
there sometimes strongly tuberculous. Above and mesad of the
paracephala and bearing the inner verticals and the posterior
pair of frontal bristles, are the epicephala, which generally occupy
the lateral angles of the vertex,* and extending posteriorly to the
foramen and anteriorly as the fronialia, from which they are
usually indistinctly differentiated. The latter (frontalia) are
often very narrow or may be indeterminable, being in evidence
' Konowia, i, p. 157, (1922).
* The term vertex in these families is not always definitely limited enough
to use, but is here used to indicate that portion of the head between the
eyes, mcluding the vertical bristles.
EZRA. T. CBESBON, JB.
311
only by the presence of the anterior frontal bnstlee. Between the
epicephala and the frontalia may be seen the mesofrons as a
comparatively broad or narrow, often fusciform, opaque, median
stnpe, including the ocelli, and extending more or less the entire
length of the frons. Laterad of the mesofrons anteriorly are the
parafrons, but not always differentiated, occupying the lateral
antenor portion of the frons, generally extending postenorly
along the orbits to near the vertex. The other terms I have used
are well known and need no explanations, and with those of the
thorax may be determined by reference to the figures.
Epicephala
Fig
Ec
Frontaba
F
Frontals (bristles)
Fr
Inner-verticals (bristles)
Iv
Lunula
Lu
Mesofrons
Mf
Head.
Ocelb
Oc
Outer-verticals (bristles)
Ov
Paracephala
Pc
Parafrons
Pf
Postverticals (bristles)
Pv
Fig 2
Thorax.
Cervical
Cv
Propleura
Pp
Coxae
Cx
Propleural scale
Pps
Humen
H
Proscutum
Ps
Hypopleura
Hyp
Prostemum
Pst
M^pleura
Mp
Prothoracicals (bristles)
Ptc
Mesostemum
Msst
Pteropleura
Ftp
Mesonotum (includes the pro¬
Scutellum
Scl
scutum and scutum)
Scutum
Sc
Metanotum
Mtn
Stemopleura
Stp
Metapleura
Mp
Stemopleural comb (bristles)
Stpc
Metapleural callus
Mtpc
Superhumeral comb (bristles)
She
Metastemum
Mtst
Suture
Su
Notopleura
Np
TRANS. AM. XNT. SOC., LVl.
312 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAS AND MICROPEZIDAE. (dIPTERA)
Neriidae
I am following HendeP® and Fey^^ in giving this group family
rank. This treatment seems justified when we consider the
entirely different general morphology of the species belonging
thereto, from those belonging to the Micropezidae in its more
strict sense.
The species of this family are at once recognized by their
slender build, augmented by the porect position of the antennae
which have a finger-like prolongation of the inner side of the
second segment, lying in a groove at the base of the third. The
arista is apical or subapical; the thorax is considerably produced
beyond the fore coxae, throwing the fore legs near the middle
ones; and the mesofrons is broad anteriorly. The male genitalic
organs are, externally, very much like those of the female, with
the claspers subterminal on a ovipositor-like segment which can
be folded beneath and against the venter.
There are several groups of genera which possibly deserve
subfamily grouping, but the species treated in the present paper
all fall in one, which may well be termined the Neriinae, the
characters of which I will not attempt to indicate without a
more thorough knowledge of species of the other faunae.
Longina vittatus (Wiedemann)
1830. Nerim vittatus Wiedemann, Ausseur Zweifl. Ins., ii, p. 549, [ 9 ].
1830. Longina abdaminalis Wiedemann, Ausseur. Zweifl. Ins., ii, p. 554.
Icf-l.
The description of the female as vittatm has priority if the
synonymy is correct. Enderlein quotes the synonymy but holds
to abdominalis.
State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, (Hammar), [Cornell Univ.; Lot 998,
Sub. 188; 19].
Bernardinao, Paraguay, (Fiebrig), [U. S. N. M., 2].
Both sexes are represented in the Paraguay material, but the
male has the antennae missing. The female agrees with the
description of vittatus.
^Konowia, i, p. 157, (1922).
” Not. Ent., VII, p. 65, (1927).
EZRA T. CBE8B0N, JR,
313
Odontolozozus longicomis (Conquillett)
1904. Nerius lonfficomis Coquillett, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vi, p. 188.
1922. OdorUoloxozua punctvlatua Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 168.
This species is easily recognized by the white arista, long
second antennal segment, the conspicuous black spines, and
spinules on the thorax, which latter are more noticeable on
account of the blackish dots at their bases.
Comparison of type material with Enderlein^s description
satisfactorily establishes the synonymy of punciulatus.
This species was originally described from Texas (type locality),
Arizona, and California. Enderlein’s material consisting of
males only, was from Raecon, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. My
material of three males and a female was collected at Higuito,
Costa Rica, (P. Schild), [U. S. N. M.]. These latter range larger
in size than those from the United States.
Glyphidops filotus (Fabricius)
1805. Nerius filosus Fabricius, Syst. Anti., p. 265.
1912. Telostylus vittaius Cresson, Ent. New, xxni, p. 390.
1922. Giyphidops filosus Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 151.
I have no doubt of the synonymy of T. vittatus Cresson, the*
type of which is before me.
Trinidad: June, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 2]. Montserrat, June, (Busck),
(U. S. N. M., 4].
Costa Rica: Higuito, (Schild), [U. S. N. M., 4]. Orotipe, December 20,
(Alfaro), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Guatemala: La Providencia, Obispo, (Bouillard), [U. S. N. M., 2].
Panama: Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, July 18-24, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 2].
British Guiana: Bartica, May 20, (A. N. S. P., 1]. Kartabo, August 9,
[N. Y. Zool. Soc., 4].
Brazil: Bio de Janeiro, (Smith), [A. M. N. H., 1].
Dictyoneritts pluricellatus (Schiner)
1868. Nerius pluricellatus Schiner, Reise Novara, Zool., ii, p. 248.
1922. Dictyonerius pluricellatus Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 159.
This species is very interesting in its peculiar venation and
wing maculation which is well described by Schiner. It was
originally described from ^‘Sud Amerika** but there seems little
doubt as to the determination of the two females before me from
nUNS. AM. SNT. SOO., LVl.
314 NEOTBOFICAL NSBIIDAB AND MICROFBZIDAE (dIPTERA)
Higuito, Costa Rica, (Pablo Schild), [U. S. N. M.]. In addition
to the original description, the following characters are note¬
worthy: Vertex with a lateral callus bearing the inner and outer
verticals; frontal orbit with two black spots; face with one orbital
spot, and median area somewhat darkened beneath antennae;
postorbital area with two quadrate black spots. Abdomen with
pruinescent bases to the segments.
NERIUS Fabriciua
1805. Nerius Fabriciua, Syst. Anti., p. 264.
1922. Cerantiehir Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 155.
1922. BraehatUichir Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 156.
Genotype: Nerius pilifer Fabricius, 1805. [Coquillett, 1910].
Cerantiehir was based on Nerius jUmfrons Bigot, 1886, which
is congeneric with N. pilifer Fabricius. Brachantichir was based
on a new species, robusta, which is also congeneric with pilifer.
I do not agree with Enderlein’s conception of this genus. As
here recognized the species have the arista bare, dark, with
whitish base; fore femora stout and strongly spinose beneath, at
least apically.
This is, as far as known, a neotropical genus, but has been the
recipient of most of the Neriinae described by previous authors
from other faunae.
N*riiM pilifer Fabricius
1805. Nerius pHUfer Fabricius, Syst. Anti., p. 264.
1830. Nerius pilifer Wiedermann, Ausseur. Zweifl. Ins., ii, p. 550.
I am guided by Wiedermann, who probably saw Fabricius’
material, in the determination of this species. I do not under¬
stand Enderlein in stating that the fore femora are not spined,
but merely setulose. The species seems to be a well represented
neotropical one and agrees well with the descriptions of Fabricius
and Wiedermann.
There is much similarity between this species and rebustut as
here recognized, but the series at hand, on comparison, show the fol¬
lowing differences: Pilifer is smaller, five to nine nun. long, exclud¬
ing the arista and genital segments; the median mesonotal stripe
broader, sometimes divided medianly by a fine brown line, but
with no other postsutural division; pleura more opaque and
evenly pruinose, with at most a faint pale humeral stripe.
EZR4 T. CBE8S0N, JB.
315
Ck>8TA Rica: Higuito, San Mateo, (P. Schild), [U. S. N. M., 12].
Panama: Alhajuelo, Canal Zone, May 21, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 2 9].
Anoon, Canal Zone, February 19, (Zetek), [U. S. N. M., 3]. Barro Colorado,
Canal Zone, June to August, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 14]. Tabemilla, Canal
Zone, July, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1 cT].
Haiti: Santo Domingo, August 15, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 19].
Bbitish Guiana: Kartabo, August to September, [N. Y. Zool. Soc., 2],
Brazil; Chapada, December, (H. H. Smith); Corumba, April, (H. H.
Smith), [A. M. N. H., 2 9]. Sao Paulo, (A. Lutz), [U. S. N. M., 1 9].
Paraguay: San Bernardino, (Fiebrig), [U. S. N. M., 2 cf, 2 9].
A male from Barro Colorado has the third antennal segment
much broader at its apex than at the base, but is apparently
identical with the remainder of the series in other respects.
Neriua robusta (Enderlein)
1922. Brachantichir rohuata Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 157.
This species was originally described from Eastern Bolivia,
and Peru. I do not think my determination of the material
before me is erroneous. These specimens are certainly congeneric
with N. pilifer Fabricius, and which fact results in the synonomy
of Brachantichir,
The individuals of this species are larger than those of pilifer-
the gray mesonotal stripe is divided by a broad, brown median
line, which again divides into two more stripes behind the suture.
Pleura more shining, with some irregular gray markings; the
pale humeral stripe is distinct and gray, extending to base of
wings.
Mexico: Cordoba, January 31, (F. Knab), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Guatemala: Cacao Trece Aguas, Alta Vera Paz, April 22, (Schwarz A
Barber), [U. S. N. M., 1]. La Providencia, Obispo, April 15, (Aldrich),
(U. S. N. M., Ij.
Costa Rica: Higuito, San Mateo, (P. Schild), [U. S. N. M., 3].
Panabia: Porto Bello, March 13, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1]. Barro
Colorado, Canal Zone, June to August, (Banks), (M. C. Z., 10].
Haiti : Santo Domingo, August (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 4]. San Francisco
Mountains, September, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 2).
Trinidad: June, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 4]. Montserrat, June, (A.
Busck), [U. S. N. M., 9].
British Guiana: Bartica, May 10, (A. N. S. P., 1].
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
316 NEOTROPICAL NERllDAE AND IfICROPEZIDAE (dIPTERA)
Nwius flavifrons Bigot
1886. Neriw flauifrons Bigot, An. Soc. Ent. Fr., (6), vi, p. 373.
1897. Nerius flavifrons van der Wulp, Biol. Cen.-Am. Dip., ii, p. 364, pi. 9,
fig. 16.
1922. Cerantichir flavifrons Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 165.
Enderlein erected the genus Cerantichir on a species with
white, pubescent arista, which he considered Nerius flavifrons
Bigot (1886). Bigot’s description, however, calls for “chete brun
a base blanche” which at once eliminates Enderlein’s specimens.
The species Enderlein had before him as flavifrons is certainly
not congeneric with pilifer^ and furthermore, cannot belong to
his new genus Cerantichir ^ the type of which he specifically cites
as flavifrons (Big., 1886).” We therefore have no alternative
but to consider this genus synonymous with Nerius as long as
flavifrons is considered congeneric with pilifer. The specimens
before me agreeing with Bigot’s description are certainly con¬
generic with Nerius pilifer.
In this species we have the antennae, palpi and legs pale,
pleura more or less darkened but the metapleural callus always
pale; knob of halteres pale; legs with median and subapical rings
on femora and apices of tibiae, sometimes very indistinct; tarsi
dark.
Guatemala: La Providencia, Obispo, (Rouillard), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Nicaragua: San Mareos, (Baker), [U. S. N. M., 1 d'; determined by
Coquillett].
Panama: February to March, (on fruit), [A. M. N. H., 3]. Alhajuelo,
April 16-17, (A. Busck); Ancon, Canal Zone, October 11, (L. H. Dunn;
from rotting calabash); Tabemilla, Canal Zone, July 24, (A. Busck); [all
U. S. N. M., 4]. Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, July 12 and 26, (Banlu),
[M. C. Z., 11).
CoBTA Riga: Higuito, San Mateo, (P. Schild), [U. S. N. M., 16].
Trinidad: June, (A. Busck); Montserrat, June 30, (A. Busck); [all U. S.
N. M., 3).
Colombia: Haciendo Cincinnati, Sierra San Lorenzo, Madalena, July 14,
(Rehn & Hebard), [A. N. S. P., 1).
British Guiana: Kartabo, August 17, [N. Y. Zool. Soc., 1).
Nerius dispar Cresson
1926. Nerius dispar Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lxii, p. 261.
Porto Bello, Panama, March 13, (Busck), [U. S. N. M.; type].
EZRA T. CBESSON, JR«
317
Nerius durut Cresson
1926. Neriits durua Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lxii, p. 260.
Higuito, Costa Rica, (Schild), [U. S. N. M.; type].
Another female is before me from the same locality, and is
apparently identical but the legs are darker, not showing the
annulation so markedly; the wings have the infuscation at the
tip of second vein only.
Micropezidae
The species of this family have the antennae decumbent,
without the mesal finger on the second segment and a subbasal
arista. The prothorax is retracted while the mesothorax is
extended, so that the fore and middle coxae are widely separated.
The genitalia of the male is radically different from that of the
Neriidae in that the claspers are removed towards the base of;
the abdomen, apparently situated beneath one or more of the
intermediate abdominal segments, assuming a variety of shapes,
and greatly developed in some of the Calobatini.
As this family is well represented in North and South America,
I have attempted to group the genera into subfamilies.
Subfamily taeniapterinae
I adopt this name for the subfamily containing those genera
which form a group quite distinct from those allied to Micropeza
and Calobata, Enderlein calls it the Calobatinae while Fey
restricts that name more correctly to another group, using
Tanypodinae for the present one.
There are several tribes which I will not attempt to define at
this writing. The characteristics of this subfamily may be
diagnosed as follows:
Hind and middle tibiae with distinct extensor setulae or
bristles (except Tenthes citatus n. sp.); hind tarsi without basal
flexor fascicle; sternopleural comb well developed, of numerous
bristles; anal cell at least as long as width of cell and generally
much longer than ultimate section of sixth vein.
TRAKS. AM. SNT. SOC., LVI.
318 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAB AND MICBOPEZtDAE (dIPTBBA)
RAINIERIA Rondani
1843. Rainieria Rondani, N. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bologpm, x, p. 40. [Genotype,
Caiobata ealceata Fallen].
1856. Tanipoda Rondani, Dipt. Ital. Prod., i, p. 116. [Genotype, Caiobata
ealceata Fallen].
1864. Tanypoda Schiner, Faun. Austr., ii, p. 192. [Emendation].
1926. Rainieria Creeson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 268.
1922. Tanypoda Enderlein, p. pt.. Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 197.
1927. Tanypoda Frey, Not. Ent., vii, p. 70.
It is difficult to satisfactorily characterize this genus, especially
when Systellapha and probably Grallopeza are considered. I do not
know the latter. We here realize our insufficient acquaintance
with the characteristics of the groups of this subfamily to more
intelligently establish their limits and designate them as genera.
Various authors have used different characters for their separa¬
tion, as for instance: the amount of apical convergence of the
third and fourth veins, the amount of plumosity or pubescence
of the arista and the amount of dilation of the palpi. I have
not been able to use these except in correlation with other
characters.
At present I am following Enderlein and Frey in restricting
this genus to those species with bare or pubescent arista, placing
those with distinctly plumose arista in Systellapha, We therefore
characterize Rainieria as follows:
Vertex normal, not conically tuberculose; all four verticals
present; palpi broad. Sternopleural comb of numerous bristles
(more than five); metapleura callus normal, turgid, not conically
produced. Hind tibiae with flexor setae. Third costal section
nearly as long as ultimate section of fourth vein; basal crossvein
present; anal cell short but acute.
Rainieria baracoa (Cresson)
1926. Systellapha baracoa Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 265.
The arista here is bare or pubescent basally, and the species is
therefore placed in this genus.
Cuba: Baracoa, September, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 4; type series]. Caya-
mas, May 24, (Schwarz), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Rainiaria nebulosa (Loew)
1866. Caiobata nebulosa Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeit., x, p. 48. (Cent., viii, 89.)
The following diagnosis was drafted from specimens compared
with the type:
E2RA T. CRESSON, JR.
319
Yellow to tawny; clypeus, fore femora, tibiae, and abdomen
dark; middle and hind tibiae mostly dark; base of all tarsi white;
aj^x of male tarsi not dilated; middle and hind femora with
faint subapical brown ring. Thorax unicolorous, pale in contrast
with the abdomen; sixth abdominal segment of both sexes
enlarged, swollen, broader than fifth. Arista bare or pubescent
basally. Wings hyaline at most, with faint discal cloud.
This species was originally described from Florida. I have
seen specimens from that State, but only the following from
more southern localities. It probably occurs throughout the
West Indies, but not on the mainland of Central and South
America.
Cuba: Cayamae, March, (Schwarz), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Rainieria gilvimana Cresson
1926. Rainieria gilvimana Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 269.
Panama: Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, June 20 to August 20, (N. Banks),
[M. C. Z., 6]. Alajuela, March 12, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 7; type and
paratypesj. Trinidad Rio, March 29, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 3].
CoBTA Rica: Higuito, (Schild), [U. S. N. M., 2].
Republic of Honduras: Sangrelaya, April 13, (Bequaert), [Bequaert, 1].
Rainieria bracteata (v. d. Wulp)
1897. Calobata bracteata v. d. Wulp, Biol. Cent.-Am., Dip., ii, p. 371, pi. 9;
fig. 23.
1922. Syatellapha bracteata Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 189.
The specimens before me agree so well with the original
description and figure of this species, that I do not doubt my
determination. I cannot, however, reconcile van der Wulp’s
description of the “front with two shining bluish black spots
unless he is referring to the metallic tinged angles of the vertex.
The infuscation of the wings is more extensive than is figured,
but otherwise I can see no conclusive characters to the contrary.
The specimens before me are from Sangrelaya, Republic of
Honduras, [Bequaert, 1], and La Providencia, Obispo, Guatemala,
[U. S. N. M., 1].
Rainieria tritaeniolata (Enderlein)
1922. Tanypoda tritaeniolaia Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, £[ft. 5,
p. 206.
This species was originally described from two males from
Mexico and Costa Rica. A female before me labeled “Mexico,”
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
320 NEOTROPICAL NEBIIDAE AND MICROPEZIDAE (dIPTERA)
not in first class condition, differs from Enderlein’s description
of the male in having the bases of the middle and hind femora
black.
Rainieria altemata Cresson
1926. Rainieria altemata Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 268.
In this species we have the head very dark ferruginous to
brown, with the mesofrons almost black; the shining surfaces of
the body metallic blue; femora entirely black without any
discernable subapical band.
Panama: Porto Bello, February 23, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1 cf; type).
Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, June 23, (N. Banks), [M. C. Z., 1|.
Rainieria uda new species
Very similar to R. altemata Cresson, but head unicolorous,
ferruginous, the large mesofrontal area not darker, and the
middle and hind femora with distinct but not sharply defined
pale subapical rings.
Black; head and members, foramen and neck sclerites, ferrugi¬
nous. Subapical oblique rings on all femora, yellowish but not
sharply defined; three basal segments of fore tarsi, first segment
of middle tarsi and first two of hind tarsi, white; apices of fore
tarsi, yellow. Wings hyaline with afaint subbasal, abroad median
and a faint apical, brown band. Parafacials silvery with two
velvety black reflecting spots. Thorax faintly metallic blue,
overcast with gray, especially above, but with a brown to black,
almost opaque, sutural band. Scutellum blackish, opaque
above; pleura and abdomen more shining, second to fourth
segments of latter with median brownish bands.
Frons one-third width of head; mesofrons one-half width of
frons; ocellar tubercle at middle of broadest part of mesofrons,
just anterior to line of posterior frontal bristles. Parafrons and
lunula shining, but somewhat wrinkled. Mesonotum with series
of minute black setulae. Anal crossvein about one-half as long
as ultimate section of sixth vein. Tibiae distinctly dilated and
sulcate. Claspers of male with short, stout, bristly fingers,
strongly curving mesally, and with minute black granulations on
inner surfaces. Length, 8 to 9 mm.
Type. —Female; Sangrelaya, Republic of Honduras, April 30,
1924, (J. Bequaert), [A. N. S. P,, no. 6378].
Paratypea .—1 ; topotypical, April 13, 1924. 2 9 ; Corocito,
April 3, 1924. 1 9 ; Puerto Castilla, March 26, 1924. All
Republic of Honduras, (J. Bequaert).
BZBA T. CBES80K, JB.
321
Rainieria pleuralis new species
Differing from any South American species of this genus known
to me, by the pale middle and hind femora. The pleura is
ferruginous, contrasting with the black mesonotum.
Mostly black. Parafacials, proboscis, lower occiput, antennae,
humeri, pleura for the most part, middle and hind coxae and all
tibiae, ferruginous to tawny. Parafrons, spot between antennae,
fore coxae, basal half of fore femora, middle and hind femora
and ovipositor segment, tawny to yellow. Fore tarsi and basal
two segments of hind tarsi, white. Apical half of fore femora
and all of fore tibiae, black. Distomedian and subbasal rings,
subapical extensor spot on middle and hind femora, brown.
Wings yellowish with faint median and apical areas brown.
Frons one-half as broad as head; mesofrons one-half as broad
as frons, opaque, velvety black and slightly convex anteriorly,
narrowly attaining anterior margin, attenuating and then dilating
posteriorly, broadest anterior to ocelli, which latter are just
anterior to line of posterior frontal bristles. Paracephala, para¬
facials and clypeus, polished. Third antennal segment ovate;
arista bare. Mesonotum subopaque, black, with yellowish
gray overcasting, but with a broad brown median strii>e. Pleura
with two oblique faint yellowish silvery bands above middle and
hind coxae; sternopleura also reflecting some silver. Tibiae
slender, not grooved. Anal cell acute, its crossvein about one-
half as long as ultimate section of sixth vein. Third costal
section almost as long as ultimate section of fourth vein. Length,
9 mm.
Type. —Female? (abdomen beyond second segment missing);
Vista Nieve, San Lorenzo Mountains, Colombia, December 22,
1922, (H. L. Viereck), [A. N. S. P., no. 6386].
Paratypes .—1 9 ; topotypical. 1 9 ; topot 3 q)ical, December
16, 1922, [Can. Nat. Mus.].
SYSTELLAPHA Enderlein
1922. Systellapha Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 189.
As I have stated under Rainieria, the separation of the present
genus is based on the plumosity of the arista. I have not seen
the genotype, Systellapha ornatithorax Enderlein, but my S.
pulchrifrons is apparently very closely allied. Using the latter
as a typical species, I would suggest an entirely different generic
concept from that which 1 am here considering; but such treat-
TlfcAKS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
322 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAE AND HICROPEZIDAE (DIPTEBA)
ment would eliminate a few species which apparently have no
other generic position, and I am reluctant to propose a new
genus in this group at present for their reception.
As here recognized the genus contains those species having a
distinctly plumose arista and slender, ungrooved or weakly
grooved, tibiae. The head and thorax of the species known to
me are ferruginous or tawny.
Systellapha pulchrifrons Cresson
1926. SyateUapka pykhrifrons Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 267.
The following localities are also represented in the material
studied:
Costa Rica: Higuito, San Mateo, (Pablo Schild), [U. S. N. M., 3]. San
Carlos, (Schild & Burgdorf), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Panama: Trinidad Rio, March 18, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 20; typical series].
Colombia: Aracataca, Magdalena, August 10, (Rehn), [A. N. S. P., 1].
British Gbuna: Kalacoon, Bartica District, [N. Y. Z. S., 2).
The following variations are noteworthy: A female from
Grenada, West Indies, June 9, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M.], has
the rings on the hind femora very broad and distinct; another
female from Trinidad, June 20, (A. Busck), [U. S N. M.], has
similar broad femoral rings with the addition of an anterior
flexor spot just beyond middle.
Syatellapha panamaenais Cresson
1926. SysteUapha panamaenais Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 269.
Panama: Alajuela, Panama, April 7, 1911, (A. Busck), [U. S. N. M., 2;
type and paratypej. Bairo Colorado, Canal Zone, July 24, (N. Banks))
[M. C. Z., Ij.
Repubuc of Honduras: Corocito, March, (Bequaert, 5]. Puerto Castilla,
May 6, (Painter), [Painter, 1).
Costa Rica: ffiguito, (ScWld), [U. S. N. M., 2].
SysteUapha cristulata Cresson
1926. SysteUapha eristvlata Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 265.
Cordoba, Mexico, April 5, (Knab), [U. S. N. M., 2; typjcal series).
SysteUapha footei Cresson
1926. SysteUapha footei Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 266.
Dominica, June to July (Foote), [U. S. N. M., 3; typical series).
EZRA. T. CBESBON, JR.
323
Systollapha placida (Loew)
1866. Calobata placida Loew, fieri. Ent. Zeit., x, p. 49. (Cent., vii, 90.)
Yellow to ferruginous; abdomen inclined to dark metallic blue;
more or less of apical three-fourths of fore femora, and fore
tibiae, brown; middle and hind femora immaculate, at most with
faint infuscation at apex. Wings with large median cloud.
Superhumeral comb of one to several setuale; arista plumose;
sixth abdominal segment not noticeably enlarged.
This species was originally described from Cuba, the type, a
female, I have seen in the Museum of Comparative Zoology.
Cuba: fiaracoa, September, (fiusck), [U. S. N. M., 2]. Estacion Cent.
Agr. de Cuba, December 31, [U. S. N. M., IJ. Guantanams, San Carols
Estate, OctobCT 4-8, (A. M. N. H., 4] Havana, (fiaker), [A. N. S. P., 8].
Santo Domingo: Sanchez, May 22-27 [A. M. N. H., 1]. San Francisco
Moimtains, September, (fiusck), [U. S. N. M., 4).
Haiti: No data, [A. N. S. P., 1].
Costa Rica: No data, [A. N. S. P., 2].
Systellapha placidoides Cresson
1926. SysteUapha placidoides Cre^n, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 265.
Castries, St. Lucia, Lesser Antilles, September, 10-22, (firadley), [Cornell,
1; type].
Systollapha cantata Cresson
1926. SysteUapha cantata Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 266.
fioa Vistado Jaquiri, Rio Teffe, firazil, September 5, [Cornell, 1; type].
Syatallapha spinuHgar Cresson
1926. SysteUapha spinvliger Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., ui, p. 267.
Dominica, Lesser Antilles, June to July, (Foote), [U. S. N. M., 1; type).
Systallaplia flavicauda Cresson
1926. SysteUapha flavicauda Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., ui, p. 266.
Montserrat, Lesser Antilles, [U. S. N. M., 1; type).
Syatallapha acurra Enderlein
1922. SysteUapha scurra Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 191.
This species is distinguished by having the irons without any
black except at the ocelli, the apices of middle and hind femora
being black, and the presence of but one dorsocentral. It is a
very distinct species, but I doubt if it is congeneric with the geno¬
type.
T1UN8. AM. XNT. SOa, Vn.
324 NEOTBOPICAL NEBIIDAE AND IfICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTBEA)
The species was originally described from Porto Rico and I
have examined specimens from the following localities.
Porto Rico: Cayey, May; Mayguez, July; Naranjito, July; Adjuntas,
June; [all N. Y. Z. S., 16]. Mayaguez, February and July, (R. H. Van
Zwalenburg), [U. S. N. M., 8).
CLIOBATA Enderlein
1923. Clidbata Enderlein, Deut. Ent. Zeit., 1923, p. 540.
Enderlein separates this genus from Scipopvs on the closing
and petiolation of the first posterior cell, and designates Calobata
gvitipennis Wiedemann (1830) as the type species. I cannot ac¬
cept this character alone, in fact I do not consider it of any generic
importance. The genus, however, seems to be available for those
species included in Scipopus by Enderlein, having maculate
wings, which are not congeneric with Calobata erythrocephala
Fabricius. In addition to the above we may consider the
development of the epicephala which are contiguous behind the
ocellar tubercle. The species are distinguished from those of
Rainieria by their larger size, longer and more slender build,
Cliobata guttulipennis (Enderlein)
1923. Scipoj)U8 guUvlipennis Enderlein, Deut. Ent. Zeit., 1923, p. 541.
The specimens before me agree with Enderlein's description of
the type from Santa Catherina, Brazil, and are apparently
congeneric with Calobata guttipennis^ which latter, however, I
have not seen.
The pale apical part of the basitarsus will separate the present
species from guttipennis.
Brazil: Sao Paulo, (Hammer), [Cornell; 3].
Masoconiua infaatus Enderlein
1922. Meboconitu infestus Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 179.
Peru: Rio Charape, September, (Townsend). Piches and Perene Valleys;
[all U. S. N. M., 2].
SCIPOPUS
1922. Sdpopua Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 208.
Genotype : Calobata erythrocephala Fabricius (1805). [Original
designation].
EZBA T. CBE8SON, JB.
325
This is a Neotropical genus of large, dark, species with rather
uniformly blackened wings, without any indication of bands,
but the infuscation is generally more intense towards the costa;
third costal section and anal cell short. The mesofrons broad
behind ocellar tubercle.
The species with banded or maculate wings, originally included
by Enderlein, are all probably members of other genera, at least
one has since been removed by Enderlein to CUobata,
The character of the sides of the frons above (epicephala),
whether polished or opaque, seems to be of some value, but
whether it is pale or dark is merely a matter of degree, and this
color condition probably applies to the clypeus as well; while the
color of the palpi seems to be quite stable. Enderlein does not
appear to recognize the polished or opaque condition of the
epicephala, although in his key to the species he mentioned the
^'Scheitelseiten poliert glatt schwarz’^ in one category in contra¬
distinction to the same being ‘‘rotlich rostgelb oder rostbraun-
lich,^^ making no mention of the opaque condition we find in
erythrocephala and diversa^ nor does he enlighten one in this
respect in his descriptions. Is it possible he did not have any
species showing this part being opaque. In which case my
determinations of erythrocephala and diversa do not agree with*
his, and in other respects, I am quite sure we do not agree as
regards the former species.
Scipoput Mrythrocephala (Fabricius)
1806, Ccdobata erythrocephala Fabricius, Syst. Anti., p. 260.
1830. Ccdobata erythrocephala Wiedemann, Ausseur. Zweif. Ins., ii, p. 532.
1922. Scipopus penicUlua Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 211.
The status of this species seems to be somewhat doubtful.
The original description calls for the head, yellow; no mention
being made of any discoloration of the clypeus, which surely
Would have been noticed if it was black. Wiedemann also,
does not mention this fact, but Schiner,^* van der Wulp,^* and
Enderlein describe the clypeus as shining black. I do not
“ Reise Novara, Zool., ii, p. 260, (1868).
“ Biol. Cant. Amer., Dip., ii, p. 369, (1897).
Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 210, (1922).
TBANS. AM. SNT. SOC., LVI.
326 NEOTBOPICAL NERIIDAE AND MICROPEZIDAE (DIPTERA)
think these latter references apply to erythrocephala and al¬
though I do not consider the color of the clypeus alone a good
specific character, none of the specimens I have seen of this
species have the clypeus dark.
Black, with head including antennae, palpi and clypeus,
yellow to orange; base of hind tarsi pale with white pubescence,
of fore tarsi pale beneath, of middle tarsi entirely black; epi-
cephala opaque not differentiated from the mesofrons; mesonotum
somewhat whitish pruinose except a broad anterior median
blackish stripe; sternopleura lai^ely brown pruinose below.
Length, 10-12 mm.
Venezuela: Rio Mato, Caura District, October, (Carriker), [U. S. N. M.,
1 ].
Bbitish Guiana: Bartica, May 15 and 22, (Crew), [A. N. S. P., 2J. Kar-
tabo, March to August, [N. Y. Z. S., 4]. West bank, Demerara River,
February 9, [N. Y. Z. S., 1].
Scipopus divena (Schiner)
1868. Calobata diversa Schiner, Reise Novara, Zool., ii, p. 250.
1922. SdpopiLs divenus Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Bft. 5, p. 211.
This species is similar to erythrocephaia but with the clypeus
and palpi, black; mesonotum obscure bluish, without noticeable
stripes; sternopleura dark pollinose below; fore tarsi with first
and second segments white.
Van der Wulp reports the species from Mexico, Guatemala
and Costa Rica,^^ and Enderlein records it from Colombia,
Bolivia and Bra^, but I have seen it only from British Guiana.
British Guiana: Bartica, May, (Crew), [A. N. 8. P., 3]. Kartabo,
Bartica District, September 2, [N. Y. Z. S., 2]. Kalacoon, Bartica District,
[N. Y. Z. S., 1]. Kamakusa (Lang), [siequaert, 1). Tropical Research
Station of New York Zoological ^iety, fN. Y. Z. S., 4]
S^popus cartabomsis Cresson
1926. Seipopus cartaboensis Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 270.
British Guiana: Kamakusa, (Lang), [Bequaert, 1]. Kartabo, Bartica
District, March 17, (N. Y. Zool. Soc., 2; typical series].
Seipopus balsebul (Schiner)
1868. Calobata behsehul Schiner, Reise Novara, Zool., ii, p. 251.
1922. Seipopus heUebul Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 210.
Until the type is critically studied we cannot determine the
exact status of this species. Enderlein restricts the name to
Biol. Cent. Amer., Dipt., ii, p. 369, (1897).
EZRA. T. CBEBSON, JR.
327
those species falling within this genus, having black fore tarsi,
polished black epicephala, yellow mesofrons, and black clypeus.
Before me are two evidently distinct forms satisfying both
Schiner^s and Enderlein’s descriptions; one from South America,
the other from Central America. As the species was originally
described from the former locality, I am restricting it to the
form I have from localities in South America. As thus deter¬
mined we may diagnose this species as follows:
Black including all tarsi; with mesofrons, and face, orange to
tawny ; antennae ferruginous; epicephala black to brown, shining,
metallic tinged. Pubescence of tarsi black above; mesonotum
brown and black polUnose at most slightly whitish laterally;
sternopleura mostly brown pollinose with some white dusting
behind fore coxae. Head in profile rather longer than high, its
height at vertex greater than at antennae; frons and upper
margin of eyes flattened, horizontal; the former anteriorly, and
face, protruding beyond orbital profile. Paracephala strongly
subconically convex at outer verticals; mesofrons rather sharply
angled with epicephala at the postverticals. Claspers of male
with, at most, minute basal prongs.
Enderlein records this species from Colombia, Surinam, and
Brazil. I have the following records:
British Guiana: Kamakusa, September, (Lang), [Bequaert, 3).
Peru: El Oriente, Putamayo District, August, (Cornell University Expedi¬
tion), [Cornell, 1). La Cnoreria, Putamayo District, August, (Cornell Uni¬
versity Expedition), [Cornell, 1].
Brazil: Above Santarem, July 22, [Bequaert, 1]. Ypiranga River,
Ica-Putamayo, August, (Cornell University Expedition), [Cornell, 1]. No
locaUty, (Merrill), [A. N. S, P., 1).
Scipopus frit Cresson
1926. Scipopus frit Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 2*70.
This species is very similar to belzebul but the head is more
rounded in profile, not vertically shorter at antennae; not
noticeably horizontal above, and frons not much produced
anteriorly. Paracephala turgid, but not conically developed;
mesofrons not sharp at postverticals. Mesonotum more varied
with gray especially as a median stripe; sternopleura mostly
whitish but sometimes brownish below. Claspers of male with
basal prong about one-half as long as the fingers.
trans. ah. knt. soc., lvi.
328 NSOTROPICAL NEBIIDAE AND MICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTERA)
Guatbmala: Quirigua, May 7, (Aldrich), [U. S. M., 3}.
Honduras: Corocito, April 3, [Bequaert, 4; paratypes). Puerto Castilla,
May 6, (Painter), [Painter, 1]. Sangrelaya, April 13, [A. N. S. P. and Be-
quaert, 6; type and paratypes].
Costa Rica: San Carlos, [U. S. N. M., 1). Turrialla (Schild & Burgdorf),
[U. S. N. M., 3].
Scipopus limbativertex Enderlein
1922. SdpopiLS limbativertex Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 6,
p. 211.
In this species as I understand it, we have the epicephala dark,
polished; clypeus, and palpi, black; mesonotum with a broad
bluish median line, sometimes scarcely discernable; sternopleura
white poliinose with a pectal stripe of brown; first segment of
fore and hind tarsi white and white pubescence.
The species was originally described from Mexico, Colombia,
and Brazil, with no indication of the type locality. I have seen
it only from Central America, and suspect that it may be the
same species Schiner and van der Wulp determined as erythro-
cephala.
Of this species I have seen the thirty-three specimens from the
following localities:
Mexico: Cordoba, (Knab), [TJ. S. N. M.j. .
Guatemala: Quirigua, May 7, (Aldrich), [U. S. N. M.j. Trece Aguas,
Alta Vera Paz, April, (Barber & Schwarz), [U. 8. N. M.j.
Costa Rica: Higuito, San Mateo, (Schild), [U. S. N. M.j. San Carlos,
(Schild & Burgdorf), [U. S. N. M.j. Tucurrique, (Schild & Burgdorf), [U. S.
N. M.j
Panama: Ahajuela, April 18, (Busck); Cabina, April 17, (Busck);* Porto
Bello, March 3, (Busck); Trinidad Rio, March 23, (Busck); [all U. S. N. M.].
Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, July 3 to 30, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 3j.
Scipopus opacus Enderlein
1922. Scipopus opacus Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 212
In this species we have the epicephala polished, the sterno¬
pleura dark poliinose, and the base of fore tarsi white; Originally
described from Peru and Guatemala.
Mexico: No locality, [A. N. S. P., 2].
Guatemala: La Providencia, Obispo, (Rouillard), [U. S. N. M., Ij.
Scipopus mslanouris Cresson
1926. Scipopus mdanemis Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., ui, p. 271.
Dominica, Lesser Antilles, June to July, (Foote), [U. S. N. M., 1; type].
SSBA T. GBS880N, JR.
329
MITROMYIA new genus
Allied to Rainieria but readily separated by the peculiar
development of the head at the vertex. Suggesting Cardiacephala
and Mimomyrmecia Frey (1927), erected for an Oriental species,
in this respect, but certainly distinct from these genera.
Head higher than long; eyes vertical. Frons oblique, much
longer than the face, strongly sculptured; vertex with two large
tubercles bearing the inner vertical bristles, with a deep cleft
between occupied by the postverticals; outer verticals not on
tubercles. Ocelli on a pronounced tubercle near center of frons.
Face broader than long. First and second antennal segments
short; third three times as long as second, three times as long as
broad, rounded apically; arista bare. Palpi broadly truncated
apically, setidose. Thorax higher than long; humeri without
bristle; one dorsocentral, posteriorly; sternopleural comb dense,
of numerous long bristles. Metapleura turgid. Scutellum with
two, apical, bristles. Second abdominal segment much longer
than first. Male claspers simple. Legs slender; middle and
hind femora without apical flexor series of setulae. Wing markings
consisting of three infuscated areas or bands, similar to Calobata
munda van der Wulp (1897). Third costal section nearly as
long as ultimate section of fourth; anal cell pointed, with the
extension about equal to width of cell; the anal crossvein about
as long as ultimate of sixth.
I hesitate to propose this new genus but cannot satisfactorily
place the following species in any known to me. In its tubercu-
lose vertex there is a strong suggestion of Mimomyrmecia Frey,
but the relatively shorter second abdominal segment as well as
the difference in the structure of the head and other less con¬
spicuous characteristics, as well as its different distribution,
seems to be sufficient evidence of its distinct generic position.
Mitromyia conifer new species
Similar to Calobata munda van der Wulp (1897) in general
appearance.
Rufous; ocellar tubercle, lunate spot before same, rounded spot
laterad of antennae, anterior epistomal margin, spot above fore
coxae, fore tibiae and second to fifth segments of fore tarsi, black.
Middle and hind femora with narrow basal and distomedian
paler rings. Bases of all tarsi white. Wing maculation similar
to that of C. munda. Length, 8 to 10 mm.
nUKB. MU. miT. BOO., LW.
330 NSOTBOPICAL NBBIIDAE AND MICROPEZIDAE (dIPTERA)
Type. —Male; Higuito, San Mateo, Costa Rica, (P. Schild),
[U. S. N. M., no. 27080].
Paratypes. —3 cf, 4 9; topotypical. 1 c?; Isthmus of Te-
hauntepec, (Sumichrast), [U. S. N. M.j.
CARDIACEPHALA Maoquart
The separation of Endelein’s genera Phcoscelus and Rhoeciua
from Cardiacephala based on the characters given by Enderlein
and Frey, does not seem practical. Neither the dilation of the
tibiae nor the conical development of the paracephala do I con¬
sider of primary generic importance. These names, however, may
prove to be available for groups containing their genotypes based
on other characteristics, but I do not think our knowledge of
this family at present is sufficient to establish their limits. I
have, however, retained Plocoscelus for a group of species which
seem to merit distinction.
The species of Cardicephala sens. lat. which I prefer to consider
as constituting the tribe Cardiacephalini are characterized by the
conical development of the dorso-apical region of the scutellum
just anterior to the apical bristles, and the hind femora are more
or less abruptly swollen beyond the middle.
Cardiacephala sens. str. contains but one, the following
species, known to me, and its characteristics may be found
in the structure of the mesofrons and the pattern of the wing
maculation.
The position of the genus seems to be intermediate between the
allies of Rainieria and of Tceniaptera; the anal cell is becoming
attenuate; the frons simulating that of the latter genus.
Cardiacephala triluminata new name
1787. Muaca longipea Fabricius, Mant. Ins., ii, p. 348. [not Scopoli, 1763,
p. 336.]
1805. NeritLS Umgipes Fabricius, Syst. Anti., p. 265.
1825. CcUobata longipea Wiedemann, Ausseur. Zweifl. Ins., Vorb., p. xii.
1843. Cardiacephala longipea Macquart, Dipt. Exot., n, (3), p. 243, pi. 31,
fig. 7.
The preoccupation of Fabricius' name by Scopoli for a Euro¬
pean species necessitates the renaming of this species.
EZRA. T. CRBSSON, JR.
331
The species is the genotype of Cardiacephala Macquart by
original designation^ and as known to me may be distinguished
as follows;
The vertical region of the head is somewhat flattened and
polished, with the paracephala conically produced at outer
vertical bristles, leaving the postverticals in a deep cleft at the
extremity of the opaque, velvety black mesofrons. A dark
species with the middle and hind legs mostly pale. The apical
portions of the wings rather evenly infuscated with three rounded
hyaline spots, one in each cell.
British Guiana: Paramaribo, (K. Mayo), [A. N. S. P., 5].
Dutch Guiana: Bartica District, [N. Y. Z. S., 2].
PLOCOSCELUS Enderlein
1922. Plocoscelits Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 227.
I have retained this name for those Cardiacephalini in which
the mesofrons has a median fusciform subopaque area surrounding
the ocellar group, extending almost the entire length of the frons,
with linear extremities. The wing pattern contains a more or
less hyaline apical area transversed by a narrow subapical band
of fuscous spots, which are sometimes contiguous; the extreme
apex of the wing more or less hyaline, sometimes faintly clouded.
The tibiae may or may not be dilated. The frons is sometimes
very much flattened, becoming broader and sharply margined
at the, often tuberculose, vertex.
This genus is based on Calobata arthritica Wiedemann (1830),
the type of which is a female from “Mexico, (Dippe)’^ which
Enderlein seems to have seen. I do not know the species; nor do
I think it can be recognized from the meagre original description.
I do not consider the dilation of the tibiae, the character upon
which the genus Rhoeciua Enderlein (1922) was based, of generic
importance; and not being acquainted with Rhoecius valgus
Enderlein (1922), its genotype, unless it is synonymous with
C. nigra Schiner, I cannot suggest any other correlating character
by which that name may be retained. Enderlein, however,
states that the genus is similar to PlocosceluSy and so, one would
suppose that it is allied to Cardiacephala, This being the case
we cannot include Calobata platyenema Loew (1866) as a member
of the genus as Enderlein cites, for as I know that species it is
not a Cardiacephalini.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
332 KEOTBOPICAL KEBIIDAE AND MICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTEBA)
PlocoMsliu myrmm (Schiner)
1868. Cardiaeephala myrmez Schiner, Reise Novara, ZooL, ii, p. 254.
Very different from C. triluminala^ not only in its ferruginous
color but in its subglobose head, subvertical eyes, convex, not
conical paracephala, mesofrons with a longitudinal median, more
shining, line including and surrounding the ocelli and in a different
maculation of the wings. The general color ranges from ferrugi¬
nous to dark brown, with the fore femora and distomedian rings
on middle and hind femora, darker. Length, 5 to 8 mm.
A common Central American species. Dr. Wheeler has given
an interesting note on its courting habits.^®
Mexico: Cordoba, March 16, (Knab), [U. S. N. M., 3).
Guatemala: Cacao Trece Aguas, Alta Vera Paz, (Barber & Schwarz),
lU. S. N. M., 1]. La Providencia, Obispo, April, (Aldrich), [U. S. N. M., 5].
Livingston, June 5, (Barber), [U. S. N. M., 1]. Quirigua, April 7, (Aldrich),
[U. S. N. M., 1). Tamau, Alta Vera Paz, May 25, (Aldrich), [U. S. N. M., 1).
Honduras: Corocito, April 3, (Bequaert), [Bequaert, 3]. Puerto Castilla,
May 6, (Painter), [Painter, 32]. La Providencia, Obispo, (Rouillard), [U. S.
N. M,, 1].
Costa Rica: Higuito, San Mateo, (Schild), [U. S. N. M., 38). Bonnefil
Farm, Rio Surubres, October 17, (Calvert), [A. N. S. P., 1).
Panama: Alhajuelo, April 19, (Busck), [IT. S. N. M., 3]. Bejuco Rio,
(Schaus), [U. S. N. M., 1). La Charrera, May 12, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 5].
Paraiso, January, (Busck), (U. S. N. M., 3]. Porto Bello, February to April,
(Schwarz & Busck), [U. S. N. M., 6]. Taboga Island, February 22, (Busck),
[U. S. N. M., 4). Trinidad Rio, February to June, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 3).
Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, June to July, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 22]. Coraaal,
Canal Zone, April 27, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 3]. Fort Davis, Canal Zone,
July 5, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 1]. Gamboa, Canal Zone, January 3, (Sanders),
[U. S. N. M., 1].
Colombia: Aracataca, Magdalena, July 24, (Rehn), [A. N. S. P., 1]
Hacienda Victoria, Sierra San Lorenzo, Magdalena, July 26, (Rehn), [A. N.
S. P., 1].
Plocotoelua punctiptnnit (Macquart)
1843. Calohata puncHpennia Macquart, Dipt. Exot., ii, (3), p. 247.
1922. Plocoacdua punctipennis Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 226.
This species was originally described from Brazil and Chili.
Enderlein records it from Brazil. I rather doubt the conspecific
Jour. Genetics, xv, p. 484, (1924).
EZRA T. CREBSON, JR.
333
Btatus of the Brazilian and Chilian material. Apparently very
similar to Calobata podagrica Rondani (1848), from Brazil.
The two specimens before me from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
November, (H. H. Smith), [A. M. N. H.] agree well with Mac-
quartos description, and I feel that my determination is correct.
Although Enderlein describes the fore tarsi as black, Macquart
specifically says 'Parses anterieurs noirs, a premier article blanc.^o
Entirely ferruginous, my specimens not at all shining except
above the fore, middle and hind coxae, and some areas on the ab¬
domen. Frons uniform in color and opacity, slightly depressed
between inner verticals; vertex sharp at post verticals, but not
at the outers. All femora pale; middle and hind ones more or
less darkened medianly, and with narrow whitish rings basally;
fore tibiae dark; at least basal three-fourths of fore, middle and
hind tarsi, white; swelling of hind femora gradually diminishing
distally. Wings with subapical band of three small infuscated
spots. Claspers of male stout, the short fingers curving together
at tips. Length, 7 mm.
Ploftcelut harenosus new species
Very much suggesting myrmeZf but the frons and vertex more
flattened, almost with the latter more sharply margined at the
inner vertical bristles.
General color dark ferruginous, with irregular darker areas on
the head, thorax, and abdomen, especially the posterior part of
mesonotum, scutellum, and metanotum. Fore legs entirely
blackish (middle legs missing), hind legs ferruginous, with base
of tarsi whitish. Frons very much wrinkled; paracephala turgid,
but not tuberculose at outer verticals. Thorax except propleura,
scutellum and metanotum, opaque; abdomen shining except
third and fourth segments which are subopaque. Claspers of
male short; the short fingers strongly curving together at tips.
Legs slender; the swelling of hind femora very pronounced.
Wings pattern as in myrmex. Length, 8 mm.
Type. —Male; Puerto Colombia, Atlantico, Colombia, July
11-12, 1920, (J. A. G. Rehn), [A. N. S. P., no. 6387].
Paratypes .— 9 ; Fort Sherman, Canal Zone, Panama, July 3,
1924, (N. Banks), [M. C. Z.j. 1 c?; Paraiso, Canal Zone,
Panama, February 11, (E. A. Schwarz), [U. S. N. M.].
A female from Pedro Miguel, Canal Zone, Panama, April 10,
1923, (R. C. Sherman), [U. S. N. M.] is apparently conspecific,
but the middle and hind legs are missing.
TRANS. AH. KNT. 60C., LYI.
334 NEOTBOPICAL NBBIIDAB AND MICBOPBZIOAB (dIPTBBa)
Ploco«c«lus tchildi new species
I cannot consider this species Calobaia podagrica Rondani'^
from Brazil which has the bases of the tarsi white. The present
species has not the strongly flattened and tuberculose vertex of
tovonsendi. The pale scutellum is quite noticeable.
Black; upper occiput, anterior part of frons, face, base of
antennae, inferior margin of palpi, humeri, scutellum, fore
femora basally, middle and hind legs, tawny to ferruginous.
Middle and hind femora dark medianly; fore coxae, their tibiae
and tarsi, black, but the flexor scopa of latter, pale. Opaque,
with occiput, scutellum, plema, metanotum and base of abdomen,
more or less shining. Wings as in myrmex. Frons flattened
above but vertex rounded. Length, 5 mm.
Type. —Male; Higuito, San Mateo, (Pablo Schild), [U. S.
N. M., no. 27264].
Paratypes .—2 9 ; topotypical, but much smaller (4 mm.) and
apparently conspecific (their teneral condition precludes critical
examination).
PlocMcelua modeatua new species
Very similar to P. har&noevs here described, but more tawny,
without dark areas on thorax; fore coxae and fore femora, pale;
fore tibiae and tarsi and middle tibiae, black; hind tibiae fer¬
ruginous; middle and hind tarsi whitish basally. Abdomen
except first segment, brown, subopaque; first segment pale
posteriorly as well as the anterior angles of second, whitish
purinose. Length, 7 mm.
Type. —Female; Puerto Barrios, Guatemala, April 20, 1924,
(Painter), [A. N. S. P., no. 6388].
Another female from Penal Settlement, Bartica District,
British Guiana, 1917, [N. Y. Z. S.] is probably conspecific, but is
not in very good condition.
Plocoscelut picinus new species
In this we have an almost totally blackish species with the
frons deep ferruginous; the occiput, nodose part of first abdominal
segment, bases and apices of middle and hind femora, paler.
Middle and hind tarsi whitish basally. Opaque, with frons, in
part, vertex, occiput, scutellum, metanotum, first, fifth and
Studi Ent., i, p. 86, (1848).
EZRA T. CBBS80N, JR.
335
ovipositor segments and legs, shining to polished. The swelling
of hind femora very pronounced. Length, 7 mm.
Type. —Female; Red Tank, Canal Zone, Panama, June 30,
1924, (N. Banks), [Museum of Comparative Zoology Collection].
Paratypes. —4 9 ; topotypical.
Plocotcelus townsendi new species
This may be P. hrevipennis Enderlein^® but I would not
consider it to be Calobata hrevipennis Walker described from
Brazil, without an examination of Walker’s type, and I cannot
associate my material with Bigot’s description of Calobata
camptomera also from Brazil which Enderlein synonymizes with
Walker’s species. Enderlein records hrevipennis from Ecuador,
Colombia and Surinam.
Similar to nigra^ but the tibiae are not dilated and the vertical
margin of the frons does not have the conical paracephalic
tubercles at the outer vertical bristles.
Black: proboscis ferruginous; basal segment of all tarsi, white.
Middle and hind legs yellowish to tawny, but their femora with
a broad black, median, ring. Lower margin of palpi white (as is
general with the species of this genus). Frons anteriorly fer¬
ruginous, almost smooth, not wrinkled. Vertex flattened, sha-
greened. Mesonotum opaque, shagreened; pleura pruinose,
polished on mesopleura anteriorly. Scutellum and metanotum
shining; sternopleural comb of pale hairs. Apical portion of
wings hyaline with transverse series of three small spots. Length,
7 mm.
Type. —Male; Rio Charape, Peru, September 13, (C. H. T.
Townsend), [U. S. N. M., no. 27089].
Paratypes. —1 cf, 1 9 ; topotypical, 6 c?; Puerto Bermudez,
Rio Pichis, Peru, July, (Cornell Expedition), [Cornell]. 1 cT;
Bartica, British Guiana, May 20, [A. N. S. P.j. 1 9 ; Kartabo,
Bartica District, British Guiana, [N. Y. Z. S.]. 1 9 ; Paramaribo,
Dutch Guiana, (K. Mayo), [A. N. S. P.]. 3 cf; San Alberto,
Rio Blanca, Amazonas, Brazil, August 27, [Bequaert].
Piocosceluft nigra (Schiner)
1868. Cardiacephala nigra Schiner, Reise Novara, ZooL, ii, p. 255.
Although I do not find perfect agreement with the original
description, it is probable that the specimens before me are
» Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 227, (1922).
mAKB. AM. XNT. BOC., LVl.
336 NEOTROPICAL NBRIIOAE AN0 MICBOPE2IDAE (dIPTEBA)
correctly determined. The broadly dilated tibiae are character¬
istic. The species was originally described from “South Amer¬
ica” and has been recorded from Mexico and Guatemala.'*
Most of my material is from Central America.
I strongly suspect the synonymy of Khoeeius valgw Ender-
lein,*® as I cannot find any differentiating characters applicable
to my specimens which seem to agree equally well with the
descriptions of both nigra and valgm.
Black; frons, face, proboscis, lower margin of palpi, base of
hind femora, bases of middle and hind tarsis, paler. With
general build of P. townsendi Cresson above described, but the
paracephala are not conically produced, but the middle and hind
tibiae are strongly dilated and flattened.
Goatehala; Ingenio Railway Station, April 28, (Aldrich), [U. S., 3].
La Providencia, Obispo, (Rouillard), [U. S. N. M., 1]. Quirigua, May 7,
(Aldrich), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Hondtjrab: Corocito, April 3, (Bequaert), [Bequaert, IJ. Puerto Castilla,
May 6 to June 21, (Painter), [Painter, 10]. Sangrelaya, April 13, (Bequaert).
[Bequaert, 2].
Panama: Alhajuela, April 19, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1). Trinidad Rio,
June 7, (Busck), [IT. S. N. M., 4|.
Brazil: Puerto America, Rio Putumayo, August, (Cornell Expedition),
[Cornell, 1).
The male from Brazil is larger than the specimens from Clentral
America, (10 mm.), but appears to be conspecific.
Pwrasphen frontalis new species
This species seems to agree with the description of P. amor
zonicus, but the coxae and legs are more yellowish. I do not
think the two are conspecific.
Head ferruginous to tawnv; paracephala and frons darker,
former silvery, latter polished black; mesofrons from vertex to
and intergrading with frontalia, opaque. Thor^ ferruginous
below; mesonotum and metanotum black, the former marked
with opaque black, and shagreened aeneous, desi^. Abdomen
ferruginous, becoming darker basally. Legs (mnd pair want-
” Biol. Cent.-Amer., Dipt., ii, p. 376, (1897).
••Arch. f. Naturg., A, Hft. 5, p. 288, (1922).
EZRA T. CBESSON, JB.
337
ing) tawny; fore femora above and apically, fore tibiae, third to
fifth segments of fore tarsi, black; first and second segments of
fore tarsi, white. Knob of halteres dark. Wings yellowish
hyaline, with faint discal and apical infuscations.
Head higher than long, broader than high. Occiput normal,
convex. Ocellar tubercle far in advance of postorbital line;
inner verticals aligned with posterior orbits, postverticals absent.
Face longer than broad. Palpi large, broad. Third segment of
antennae ovate, nearly twice as long as broad; arista with long
plumosity. Thorax as high as long; humeri elongate. Anterior
margin of mesonotum convex, but not declivous in profile;
scutum flattened; no dorsocentrals; sternopleural comb of
numerous bristles in several series. Legs slender. Third costal
section one-third as long as ultimate section of fourth vein.
Annal cell very long. Length, 10 mm.
Type. —Female; Kartabo, Bartica District, British Guiana,
March 11, 1922, [N. Y. Zoological Society Collection].
Paratypes .—1 9 ; Kamakusa, British Guiana, (H. Long),
[Bequaert]. 1 9 ; British Guiana, (Parish), [U. S. N. M.j.
GRALLOMYIA Rondani
1850. Grallomyia Rondani, Nov. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bologna, (3), ii, p. 180.
1922. Grallomyia Enderlein, p, pt., Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 213.
This genus reminds one very much of Systellapha in the frontal,
structure, in the anteriorly broad, smooth, shining, parafrons, and
in the anteriorly narrowed, often rotund opaque, mesofrons.
Genotype: Calobata tarsata Wiedemann, 1830. [Original
designation.]
I cannot consider Enderlein's nor Frey's conception of this
genus, but have recognized it as containing those Taeniapterinae
having the anal cell long and narrow; third costal section long;
parafrons smooth and broad anteriorly; arista bare. The wing
pattern in this genus consists typically of a broad, sharply defined
median band or area, with its distal margin more or less brokenly
concaved at about the posterior crossvein, and its proximal
margin brokenly convex, not quite attaining the anterior cross¬
vein. In addition there is a more or less developed narrow band
basad of the anterior crossvein, and another narrow subapical
band just distad of the tip of second vein. These latter two
bands are often wanting in the species with a recessive pattern,
and the subapical band is sometimes broken up into spots
TRANS. AM. SNT. SOC., LVI.
338 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAE AND ICICROPEZIDAE (dIPTERa)
between the veins. The apical area of the wing is generally
somewhat infuscated. In the species with a recessive pattern
there is only the median and apical infuscations present, or, in
extreme cases the wing may be entirely immaculate.
There are two species-groups present which may merit generic
or Bubgeneric recognition, but I do not care to propose them as
such at present.
Grallomyia tarsata (Wiedemann)
1830. Caiohata taraata Wiedemann, Aus. Eur. Zweifl. Ins., ii, p. 541.
1903. Caiohata annvlata v. d. Wulp, Biol. Cent.-Am., Dip., ii, p. 373, pi. 9,
fig. 27. [Not Fab., 1805.)
1922. Grallomyia tarsata Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 218.
There need to be no confusion about this species, if our inter¬
pretation of Wiedemann’s description is correct. Here we have
a dark insect including the bases of fore and middle femora, that
of the middle femora pale; also middle and hind femora with a
pale distomedian ring. Fore tarsi except extreme bases, white;
those of middle and hind legs, dark. Palpi broad, black, with
white convex, inferior, margin. Mesofrons flat, elongate, not
sharply defined, at most narrowly attaining anterior and vertical
margins. The scutellum is distinctly pilose. The female has
distinct, flat, discoid, rufous, prehumeral areas.
Guatemala: Barrios, March 31, (Painter), [Painter, 1]. Cayuga, June,
(Schaus), [U. S. N. M., 2J. Quirigua, May 7, (Aldrich), [U. S. N. M., 2].
Honduras: Puerto Castilla, May 6, (Painter), [Painter, 5]. Sangrelaya,
April 13, (Bequaert), [Bequaert, 3], [XJ. S. N. M., 1].
Panama: (5abina, May 23, (Busck), (U. S. N. M., 1]. Porto Bello, Febru¬
ary to April 12, (Busck), [U. 8. N. M., 18). Trinid^ Rio, May 2, to June 2,
(Busck), [U. 8. N. M., 3).
British Guiana: Bartica, May, (A. N. 8. P., 1], Kartabo, Bartica
District, July, [N. Y. Z. 8., 8].
Dutch Guiana: Paramaribo, (Mayo), [A. N. 8 . P., 6J.
Brazil: Chapada, November, (Smith), [A. M. N. H., 1]. Rio de Janeiro,
November, (Smith), [A. M. N. H., 1],
Grallomyia rufifacias (Maoquart)
1850. Caiohata rufifaciee Macquart, Dipt. Exot. SuppL, iv, p. 299.
1922. Grallomyia rufifacies Enderlein, Arch, f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 219,
I am following Enderlein as regards this species. Macquart’s
description based on a female without legs, does not contain
much of value.
EZKA T. CBEBSON, JB.
339
My material consists of a male from Kartabo, Bartica District,
British Guiana, [N, Y. Z. S.], in rather teneral condition, and a
female from Lower Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brazil, August 20,
1924, [Bequart].
Here we have a black species much resembling tanata, in
which the fore and middle tarsi entirely, and hind tarsi basally,
bases and distomedian rings of middle and hind femora, white to
whitish yellow; basal half of fore femora tawny. Frons shining,
ferruginous anteriorly, polished black at vertical angles; no
postverticals. The opaque mesofrons elongate, scarcely narrowly
attaining anterior and vertical margins, flat or weakly convex.
Female without prehumeral discoid areas.
Grallomyia bonitoensit new species
In the color pattern of the thorax, this species suggests flavipes
Macq., but the antennae and face are much longer and the fore
tarsi are brown. The type specimen lacks the outer vertical
bristles and there seem to be no scars or indications of their
having been present.
Black; head mostly dark brown; paracephala and epicephala
polished, metallic tinged; mesofrons brown, broad; inner and
postverticals aligned. Facial carina broad, twice as broad as
diameter of second antennal segment. Palpi broad, whitish
apically. Arista bare. Third antennal segment twice as long
as broad. Thorax short, as high as long; mesonotum convex;
subopaque, with a velvety black spot above humeri; a median
longitudinal line, broader posteriorly, a transverse band over
suture, and another at base of scutellum, subopaque, brown,
leaving a rounded, presutural, and a supraalar, spot, metallic
steel blue and more or less cinereous. One dorsocentral present.
Pleura brown, with reflecting cinereous spots. Pteropleural
callus ve^ prominent. Abdomen metallic steel blue, polished,
with genital segments ferruginous. Claspers of male simple,
with fingers strongly arched and finely granulose mesally. Fore
femora ydlow, with broad median band. Middle femora with
broad basal and distomedian bands yellow. Hind femora with
basal third and distomedian band, yellow. All tarsi brown.
Winp yellowish hyaline, at most faintly infuscated medianlv;
third costal section about one-half as long as ultimate of fbmrtn;
first posterior cell open. Length, 10 mm.
Type. —Male; Bonito, Province Pernambuco, Brazil, (Collected
on cotton), [U. S. N. M., no. 27084].
TEAKS. AM. ZKT. 800., LTI.
340 NEOTROPICAL NSRIIDAE AND MICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTERA)
Grallomyia vittipannis (Coquillett)
1902. Calohata vittipennia Coquillett, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxv, p. 125.
1922. OraUomyia vittipennia Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5.
p. 213.
This is the only species of the genus known to me having the
wing pattern in form of a longitudinal stripe. This runs through
the first posterior cell. There are no outer vertical bristles present.
Mexico: Frontera, May 3, (Dyar), (U. S. N. M., 1; topot3q)e].
Guatemala: Puerto Barrios, February 24, (Dean), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Honduras: Puerto Castilla, June 4, (Painter), [Painter, 1].
Panama: Bueno Ventura, March 10, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Grallomyia aeripannis Enderlein
1922. Grallomyia aeripennia Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 214.
The general habitus of this species with its conically developed
pterocallus, strongly suggests species of the genus Mesoconius^
and were it not for the long attenuated anal cell and the annula-
tion of the femora, we would certainly place it in or near that
genus. I do not think it is a member of the present genus, but
cannot suggest any more appropriate position than here without
erecting another genus, which treatment would just as well
apply to some other species of this group.
Colombia: La Cumbre, December 15, (Viereck); [Canada, 3].
Peru: Rio Charape, September 14, (Townsend), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Grallomyia fiavipes (Macquart)
1848. Cakibata flavipea Macquart, Dipt. Exot. Suppl., iii, p. 67, pi. 7, fig. 14.
1922. OraUomyia fl^pea Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 213.
Macquart's original description calls for ‘‘Face noire; une
petite tache noire de chaque cote: . . ” There seem to have
been a lapsus calami on the part of the author, or a typographical
error on the part of the printer as regards the “Face noire.'’
In all other respects his description is quite deciding, and I think
there is no doubt as to my determination. The yellowish head,
subconically convex mesotrons, yellowish white pruinose thoracic
markings, yellow, narrowly annulated (oblique on middle and
hind) femora, are the conspicuous characteristics of this species.
The third antennal segment is short. The subbasal ring on the
middle and hind femora is sometimes very faint becoming
almost obsolete, but that of the fore femora seems to be more
constant.
EZRA T. CBESSON, JR.
341
This is not CalobcUa flavipes Meijere (1914) described from
jRva and which probably is not congeneric with the present
species.
British Guiana: Kartabo, Bartica District, February 24, [N. Y. Z. S., 1].
Brazil: No data, (H. B. Merrill), (U. S. N. M., 1]. Chapada, (H. Smith))
[A. M. N. H., 2].
Crallomyia stellata (van der Wulp)
1S07. Calobata stellata van der Wulp, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Dipt., ii, p, 373.
1922. Grallomyia ateUata Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 213.
This species was described from Mexico, and is very similar
to flavipes Macquart, but the series before me seem to be constant
in that the dark femoral rings are transverse, and the middle and
hind femora are paler yellow. We may here have merely a
variety or race of flavipes, which occurs only in Central America,
as there is a tendency in some specimens for the femoral rings
to become oblique. At present, however, it seems advisable to
retain stellata for this form.
The type, a female, is no doubt a specimen in which the
ferruginous color of the anterior part of the thorax is more
extensive or more intense. I have seen several individuals
showing such tendency.
Guatemala: La Providencia, Obispo, April 15, (Aldrich), [U. S. N. M., 4).
Palochic Rio, March 22, (Barber & Schwarz), [U. S. N. M., IJ.
Honduras: Corocito, April 3, (Bequaert), (Bequaert, 1]. Sangrelaya,
April 13, (Bequaert), [Bequaert, 2].
Nicaragua: Chinandega, (Baker), [U. 8. N. M., 1].
Costa Rica: Higuito, San Mateo, (Schild), [U. S. N. M., 121. Rio Suru-
bres, Bonefil Farm, October 16, (Calvert), (A. N. S. P., 2].
Panama: Alhajuela, April 17, (Busck); Cabina, May 20, (Busck); Porto
Bello, March 13, (Busck); Trinidad Rio, March 29, (Busck); Tabemilla,
Canal Zone, June 21, (Busck), [all U. S. N. M., 7]. Barro Colorado, Canal
2k>ne, July 15 to August 1, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 9).
Venezuela: Cumaragua, (Blanco), [U. S. N. M., 1].
British Guiana: Georgetown, September 29, [Bequaert, 1].
Grallomyia scutellata new species
Similar in general appearance to flavipes Macquart, but smaller,
with the thorax distinctly higher than long; head nearly as high
as broad resulting in a narrower and longer face throwing the
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
342 NEOTROPICAL NSRIIDAE AND KICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTERA)
antennae closer together. The mesofrons is flat, broad, with the
ocelli well in the upper portion, but obtusely angular anteriorly,
not attaining the lunular margin. Wings immaculate; third
costal section longer than the ultimate of fourth; first posterior
eell closed slightly before costa; anal cell relatively short, ite
extension not much longer than the width of cell.
This species is included here but I suspect that it represents a
distinct genus. The short anal cell is not typical of this genus,
nor of this generic group, but the species seems to be more
characteristic of GraUomyia in other respects than it is of any
other genus.
Black, including fore tibiae and tarsi; anterior angles and
margin of frons, base of third antennal segment, facial orbits,
cheeks, lower occiput, squamae, fore coxae and femora except
preapical rings, middle and hind tibiae and tarsi, yellow. Fronw
orbits, vertex, face, clypeus, antennae, halteres, genital segments,
brown. Mesofrons velvety black, whitish above and arouml
ocelli; palpi black except whitish tips; parafrons shining, not
setulous. Mesonotum yellowish white pollinose, with broad,
brown, median stripe, dilated at anterior and posterior extremities
and at suture. Scutellum velvety black; pleura and mesanotum
silvery. Claspers of male simple, slender. Length, 4 to 5 mm.
Type. —Male; Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama, February 6,
1911, (A. Busck), lU. S. N. M., no. 27885].
Paratypes .—2 9 ; topotypical.
Grallomyia buscki new species
Allied to, and very similar to, what I coqsider Calohata testoeem
Fabricius, but lacks the black face and the mesonotal spots.
The arista is bare; and the discal infuscation of the wings is more
triangular in outline, with an attenuated extension towards the
costa. Also similar to G. luridilabris Enderlein, but the face,
and the mesofrons at the vertex are pale.
Tawny to ferruginous. The shining paracephala, brown;
opaque mesofrons anterior to ocelli, dark brown to black, posterior
to ocelli, pale. Parafrons pale, smooth. Facial foveae and
median spot on clypeus, dark. Abdomen brownish with first
s^ment paler; apex of ovipositor dark. Apical third of fore
femora and all tibiae, black. Fore tarsi white. Middle femora
brownish with basal fourth paler; a subapical ring whitiidi.
Hind femora pale; with dark subapical and distomedian rings;
between these rin^ the color is whitish. Wings yellowish, with
BIBA. T. CBBSSON, JB.
343
• diM^ cloud having a distal costal extention to the second vein;
apM laintly infuscated, leaving an area between the two, hyaline.
Antennae well separated, third segment almost discoidal;
aintB bare; palpi broadly filiform. Postverticals present.
MM^ons broadly fusciform. One dorsocentral. Third costal
seotisn almost as long as ultimate of fourth. Ultimate of sixth
(HSMnbelf as long as anal crossvein. Length, 8 mm., excl. of
ovijMtsitor.
Tifpe .—Female; Alhajuela, Panama, March 2, 1912, (A.
Busek), [U. S. N. M., no. 27083].
A female from Higuito, San Mateo, Costa Rica, (P. Schild),
[U, S. N. M.j, is darker but as the specimen is mouldy the real
color may be thus affected. Otherwise it appears to be con-
spooific.
Qvillomyia testacea (Fabricius)
1809. Calobata testacea Fabricius, Syst. Anti., p. 261.
1880l Calobata testacea Wiedemann, Auas. Zweifl. Ins., ii, p. 534.
1899. GraUomyia testacea Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 2.13
The two black superhumeral spots are rather characteristic of
this species, and which as I understand it may be diagnosed as
follows:
Tawny to ferruginous; subopaque to shining. Vertex including
areas at inner and outer verticals, mesofrons including ocelli,
second antennal segment, narrow transverse line at lower end
oi facial foveae, base of palpi, opaque elongate spot above
humeri, apices of fore femora and all of fore tibiae, brown to
black. Abdomen with first and second segments and ovipositor
pale. Wings brownish, with diffused, irregular, discal infusca-
tioa. Fore tarsi entirely white. Third antennal segment dis¬
tinctly longer than broad, pale; mesovertical area also pale.
One dorsocentral present. Third costal section almost as long
m ultimate of fourth. Claspers of male slender.
I have seen the following from British Guiana: 1 cf; Kartabo,
Bartica District, April 6, [N. Y, Z. S.j. 1 9 ; Bartica, May 15,
[k: N. S. P.j.
GticMomyia luridilabrit Enderlein
ICfit. GraUomyia luridilabris Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
11,213.
i distinguish this species from testacea by the dark third
anlnnnal segment, dark mesofrons and meso vertical spot; the
disoal infuscation of the wings is in form of broad clouds along
TCANB. All. XNT. 80C., LVI.
344 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAE AND MICROPEZIDAE (diPTEBA)
the third and fourth veins, which clouds are more or less colttigu-
ous; and there is also a faint apical infuscation. The middle and
hind femora are pale with a broad distomedian whitish band
between two narrower darker rings. There are traces of proximo-
median dark rings.
I have this species represented by a male from near Maoaos,
Amazonas, Brazil, August 23, [Bequaert]; and a male 'from
Puerto Bermudez, Rio Piches, July, (Cornell Univ. Exped.),
[Cornell].
A female from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, October, [Cornell], may
be a distinct species. The thoracic spots are very faint; third
antennal segment black except extreme base; arista entirely
black; facial carina and clypeus anteriorly, black. The darkening
of the mesofrons extends onto the parafrons, and the abdomen is
entirely black. Middle femora black with narrow bases and
subapical ring, yellow, and apices tawny; hind femora yellow
with median and subapical rings black, apices tawny. The
discal infuscation of the wings is more sharply defined, and a
subapical interrupted band is in evidence.
Grallomyia ichneumonea (Brauer)
1885. Calobata ichneunwneiLS Brauer, Sitz., Math.-Nat. Classe, Acad. Wissen.
Wien, xci, Ab. 1, p. 388, pi. 1, fig. 4.
1886. Grallomyia caloptera Bigot, An. Soc. Ent. France, (6), vi, p. 381.
[Syn., V. d. Wulp, 1897.]
1922. Ptihsphen ichneumoneus Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 223.
This species was placed in his new genus Ftilosphen by Ender¬
lein, which genus he separates from Grallomyia by the ^‘mchr
Oder weniger kurze oder lang Pubescenz der Fuhlerborste.’^
Only under high magnification am I able to discern any pubes¬
cence in the specimens before me, which same is very sparse and
appressed and only on the thickened basal portion, the hair like
apical portion being entirely bare. Van der Wulp says that
the arista is “nearly or quite bare.^^ I cannot, therefore,
associate this species with those of typical Ptihsphen, On the
other hand its general similarity to Calobata testacea Fabiicius
and C. flavipes Macquart as known to me, is evident. It cannot
be associated with Musca lasciva Fabricius in the genus Taeni-
Biol. Cent.-Amer., Dipt., ii, p. 374, (1897).
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
345
api 0 ra. The claspers of the male are very characteristic, the
fingers being long and slender, rather abruptly convergent, the
hook like terminals ending in small mesally nodulose knobs, with
a mesal comb of black nodules or spinules just before the hooks.
Mexico: No data, [A. N. S. P., 5].
Guatemala: Antigua, May 2, (Aldrich), [U. S. N. M., 1]. El Salto,
Antigua, May 1, (Aldrich), [U. S. N. M., 21.
Gmllomyia lauta new species
This species is placed in Grallomyia, provisionally. The third
costal section is not one-half as long as ultimate fourth. It has
the general build of C. insignis Wiedemann, but the head is
distinctly higher than long.
Ferruginous to yellow. Vertex, velvety mesofrons, apices of
fore femora, and fore tibiae, black. Abdomen dark apically.
Middle and hind femora with pale rings beyond middle; fore
tarsi white. Wings hyaline, with two infuscated spots in sub¬
marginal cell beyond anterior crossvein, and two in first posterior
cell.
Ocellar tubercle in upper part of mesofrons well removed from
line of inner verticals. Opaque part of mesofrons rounded, not
much angled anteriorly and not attaining lunular margin,
attenuated behind ocelli to line of inner verticals. Postverticals
absent. Upper frontals opposite ocelli, another bristle opposite
middle of mesofrons. Antennae well separated. Face broader
than long. Palpi dilated, somewhat convex below. Thorax as
h^h as long. Third costal section of wings one-third as long as
ultimate of fourth; first posterior cell open; anal cell long accumi-
nated. Length, 9 mm.
Type, —Female; Paraiso, Canal Zone, Panama, January 23,
1911, (E. A. Schwarz), [U. S. N. M., no. 27088].
PTILOSPHEN Enderlein
This genus, based on Calobata insignis Schiner as known to me,
is a group of species having much the general habitus of Rainieria,
especially in the globose form of the head and the elongate
thorax, but has the elongate, attenuated anal cell of Taeniaptera.
It is certainly allied to GralUmyia, having the same wing
pattern and other correlations, but differing in that the arista is
plumose and the postvertical bristles are wanting. These
characteristics will also distinguish the genus from Taeniaptera,
TMANS. AM. ENT. 60C., LVI.
346 NBOTBOPICAL NERIIDAB AND IfICBOPEZIDAB (dIPTBRA)
PtUosphm cyan«ivmtris (Maoquart)
1846. Cakhata eyaneiventris Macquart, Dip. Exot. Suppl., i, p. 215, pl^rWl,
fig. 6.
1886. Cakbata caUichrama Bigot, An. Soc. Ent. France, (6), vi, p. <T8.
[Syn., Enderlein, 1922.]
1922. PtUoaphen eyaneiventris Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hfl. 6,
p. 224.
This species is easily recognized by the rufous antennae and
thorax, basal and distomedian pale rings on middle and hind
femora, black apices of all tarsi and the sharply defined medinn
infuscated band on the wings. An apparently common speciiB.
Mexico: Cordoba, March 16-21, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 4].
Guatemala: Antigua, September 14, (Eiaen), [U. S. N. M., 4]. Ca6o,
Trece Aquas, Alta Vera Pas, (Barber & Schwarz), (U. S. N. M., Ij. La
Providencia, Obispo, April 16, (Aldrich), fU. S. N. M., 3].
Honduras: Corocito, April 3, [Bequaert, 7]. Puerto Castilla, April 29 ,
May 6, (Painter), [Painter, 6]. Sangrelaya, April 13, [Bequaert, 1].
Costa Rica: Crillo; San Carlos; Zarzero; (all Schild & Burgdorf); Higuilo,
San Mateo, (Schild); Orotine, December, (Alfaro), [all U. S. N. M., 24).
Panama: Alhajuela, March 12, April 19; Porto Bello, April 19; Trinidad
Rio, March 29; (all Busck), [all U. S. N. M., 7]. Barro Colorado, Canal
Zone, July 19 to August 2, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 7).
Colombia: Aracataca, Magdalena, August 10, (Rehn), [A. N. S. P., 2].
Venezuela: Carraquito, March 14, (Brown), [A. N. S. P., Ij. Valera,
1800 feet alt., (de Bellard), [U. 8. N M., Ij.
Ptilosphen enderlaini new species
This species runs to Calobata conveniens v. d. Wulp“ in Ender-
lein’s key, but I do not think that author had the correct
conception of van der Wulp^s species. The present species is
very similar to insignis Wiedemann, as known to me, but is al¬
most entirely black.
Black; parafacials, lower margin of face, and clypeus, fer¬
ruginous; mouth parts, bases of fore and middle femora, subbaeal
ring on hind femora, median ring on middle and hind femora,
and bases of hind tarsi, yellow to tawny; fore tarsi entirely
white. Halteres dusky. Wings hyaline basally, brownish tinged
apically, with a cloud between the crossveins.
Head globose. Mesonotum opaque black, with two median
aeneous, subopaque stripes, contiguous at anterior margin and
® Biol. Cent.-Amer,, Dip., ii, p. 373, (1897).
BZBA T. CBBS80K, JB.
347
diverging to postalar regions; a similar but more shining noto-
plewal stripe. Pleura and abdomen steel blue with usual white
pruinose markings. Claspers of male simple, small, with pro¬
portionately large, pale basal portion. Length, 10 mm.
Type. —Male; Puerto Bermudez, Rio Pichis, Peru, July 12 to
19 , 1920, (Cornell Univ. Exped., Lot. 569), [Cornell Univ. Colin.].
Paratypea .—3 9 ; topotypical.
PUlcMph«n comis new species
This species also runs to Calobata conveniens v. d. Wulp in
Enderlein^s key, but I do not think it is conspecific. The head
is very dark, brownish to black on the occiput; fore femora
entirely black; wings with only one band (median) and apex
faintly infuscated.
Black; frons, face, and palpi, ferruginous to yellowish; antennae
sometimes darker; vertex, occiput, clypeus, brown to black.
Fore tarsi entirely white; bases and disto-median rings on middle
and hind femora yellow. Mesofrons ferruginous; paracephala
polished, metallic tinged. Mesonotum shining steel blue, some¬
what whitish, with darker median and lateral stripes including
scutellum, leaving the humeri and notopleura somewhat silvery
as are also the pleura and metanotum.
Face longer than broad. Claspers of male with broad base,
which is longer than the fingers; the latter arcuate, converging,
tip to tip, with mesal surfaces dentate, and with a short bas^
prong in the same plane. Wings with discal irregular spot and
an apical cloud. Anal cross vein almost twice as long as ultimate
sixth. Length, 11 mm.
Type. —Male; Kamakusa, British Guiana, (H. Lang), [A. N.
S. P., no. 6389].
Paraiypes .—2 9 ; topotypical.
PtilMphan tetrastigma (Schiner)
1S68. Calobata ietrastigma Schiner, Reise Novara, Dipt., ii, p. 252.
1922. Ftilosphen tetrastigma Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 225,
This species was originally described from South America.
Enderlein records it from Santa Catharina, Brazil. Before me
is a female from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, (H. H. Smith), [A. M.
N. H.], which I consider this species. In Enderlein’s key my
specimen runs to cinctiventris Enderlein, but as his species was
described from Colombia, I do not think the two are conspecific.
Ta^NS. AM. KNT. 80C., LVI.
348 NEOTBOPICAL NEBIIDAE AND IfICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTEBA)
Ptilosphen mimicus new species
Very similax to my determination of tetrastigma Schiner, but lil
darker and is from an entirely different faunal environment.
Black to dark ferruginous; palpi, apices of palpi, fore coxae,
bases of all femora, narrow median rings on middle and hind
femora, pale. First segment of fore tarsi, only, white. Wing
maculation distinct, with a zig-zag infuscated band between the
crossveins and another along the proximal margin of a broad
apical infuscation, also a faint spot proximad of anterior crossvein.
Mesonotum with blue reflections medianly. The velvety black
mesofrons attaining lunular margin in a point. Propleural comb
well developed, of long black bristles. Length, 10 mm., excl.
ovipositor.
Type, —Female; Piches & Perene Valleys, Peru, 200 to 3000
feet alt., (Soc. Geog. de Lima), [U. S. N. M., no. 27087].
Paratypes ,—2 9 ; topotypical.
Ptilosphen conveniens (van der Wulp)
1897. CcdobcUa conveniens van der Wulp, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Dipt., ii, p. 373.
1922. Ptilosphen conveniens Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 6,
p. 225.
In this species as I recognize it, the bases of fore femora are
pale, and the fore tarsi are entirely white. The wing maculation
consists of a broad, irregular median, and a narrow subapical,
band, with sometimes a trace of another, proximad of the
anterior crossvein; these latter bands are probably very variable
in intensity. Otherwise we have a species very similar to
tetrastigma Schiner.
Of this species I have four specimens from Higuito, San
Mateo, (Schild), [U. S. N. M.j.
Ptilosphen gentilis new species
Very similar to conveniens but the fore femora are entirely
black, and it differs from P. facetus Enderlein, described from
Ecuador, in that the first to third segments of fore tarsi are
white with apex darkened; and the pale bands on the legs are
broader.
Black; mesofrons ferruginous; face, and antennae more or less
tawny to yellow; palpi yellow; anterior portion of frons brown.
Fore tarsi white, with apices brownish. Palpi, bases and disto-
median rings on middle and hind femora, yellow. Wings hyaline
EISRA T. CRESSON, JR.
349
with a broad irregular median, a narrow subbasal, and an irregular
subapical, bands, brown; apex distad of the latter brownish,
Paracephala at vertex polished black; mesonotum subopaque
aeneous, with reflecting blackish areas or stripes. Pleura and
metanotum overcast with whitish. Scutellum opaque, black.
Abdomen metallic steel blue, slightly overcast with whitish bloom,
with black, opaque bands on segments two to five. Claspers of
male with elongate pedicle, curved fingers, and anterior basal
prong. Length, 12 mm.
Type, —Male; San Carlos, Costa Rica, (Schild & Burgdorf),
[U. S. N. M., no. 27886].
Paratypes ,—2 cf*, 4 9 ; topotypical.
Costa Rica: Turrialla (Schild & Burgdorf), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Panama: Buena Ventura, March 10, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1]. Porto
Bello, February 28, March 3, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 5].
TAENIAPTERA Macquart
1835. Taeniaptera Macquart, Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt., ii, p. 491.
1850. GraUopoda Rondani, Nov. An. Sc., Nat. Bolog., (3), ii, p. 178.
1850. GraUomyia p. pt. Rondani, Nov. An. Sci. Nat. Bolog., (3), ii, p. 180.
This is mainly a neotropical genus, with one nearctic species.
It was proposed for the reception of one species, Taeniaptera
trivittata Macquart, a synonym of Calobata lasciva Fabricius.
The genus is characterized by the bare arista, long attenuated
anal cell, long third costal section, and the frons generally
wrinkled with a small velvety black mesofrontal spot. Wings
distad of the anterior crossvein generally infuscated, with a
narrow straight or lunate hyaline band just beyond the tip of
second vein. The first posterior cell may be open or closed.
I cannot consider this latter a generic character and thus the
synonymy of GraUopoda, The wing pattern is very constant as
regards the relative widths of the discal cloud and the disto-
median hyaline band. The former is always large, including the
[iosterior crossvein, while the hyaline band is narrow, sometimes
very narrow to almost wanting and generally lunate; the subbasal
fuscous band is usually present and sometimes quite broad. The
postvertical bristles are generally present.
With this generic conception there will be little or no difficulty
in recognizing the species of the genus.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
350 NBOTBOPICAL NEBIIDAB AND MICEOPBZIDAB (DIPTBBA)
Taniaptmra laaci¥« (Fabrioius)
1798. AfiMea lascim Fabricius, Syst. Ent. SuppL, p. 564.
1805. Calobata Uucwa Fabricius, Syst. Anti., p. 262.
1835. Taeniaptera trwUtaia Macquart, Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt., ii, p. 491.
[s 3 m. Enderlein, 1922].
1903. CalobcUa lunata van der Wulp, Biol. Cent.«Amer., Dipt., ii, p. 372.
[syn. Enderlein, 1922].
1922. GraUopoda Iwcim Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 212.
The above synonymy is probably correct. So far as known
to me this species is neotropical in distribution, and consequently
records from the East Indies probably refer to other species.
Calobata albimana Macquart (1843), based on specimens from
Java, Jamaica, Cuba, and Pennsylvania, must be considered as
unrecognizable until a type can be designated.
The closed first posterior cell is characteristic of this species.
In addition we have the fore femora and bases of fore tarsi
black. There is but one pair of dorsocentrals.
The following distribution is shown in the material examined:
Floiuda: Larkins, January 13, (Viereck), [Canada, 1].
Texas: Brownsville, November 20, [Illinois, 6], Harlingen, July 28,
August 4, (Painter), [Painter, 4j.
Lower California: San Jose del Cabo, [U. S. N. M., 1].
Mexico: Cordoba, April 12, (Knab), [U. S. N. M., 1]. San Rafael, Vera
Cruz, (Townsend), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Honduras: Puerto Castilla, March 26, [Bequaert, 2]; April 7, May 23,
(Painter), [Painter, 5].
Costa Rica: Higuito, San Mateo, (Schild), [U. S. N. M., 2].
Panabia: Cabima, May 27, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1]. Gamboa, July 9,
(Banks), [M. C. Z., 1]. Paraiso, Canal Zone, February 3 and March 25,
(Busck), [U. S. N. M., 2].
Cuba: Havana, (Baker), [A. N. S. P., 4].
Jamaica: (Fox & Johnson), [A. N. S, P., 2; det as Calohat aloa Walker].
Porto Rico: Acerito, June, [N. Y. A. S., 5]. Adjuntas, June, [N. Y. A. S.,
3]. Coamo Springs, July (N. Y. A. S., 10]. Fajardo, January 19, [N. Y. A. S.,
2]. Manati, June and July, [N. Y. A. S., 3]. San Juan, July, [N. Y. A. S., 6].
Rio Piedras, February 17, (T. H. Jones; pupa from cane cuttings that had
failed to germinate and was in decaying condition), [U. S. N. M.,* 1],
Dominica: June and July, (Foote; Yale Expd., 1913), [U. S. N. M., 5].
Trinidad: June 20, (Busck), (U. S. N. M., 1].
British Guiana: Bartica District, [N. Y. Z. S., 1].
Brazil: Urucum, Corumba, Matto Grosso, December, (Harris), [Cornell, 3].
Peru: Puerto Bermudez, Rio Pichis, July 12, [Cornell, 4]. ]Wo Charape,
September 19, (Townsend), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Paraguay: San Bernardino, (Fiebrig), [U. S. N. M., 3].
EZRA T. CREBSON, JR.
361
Taeniaptera lasciva var. obliterata new variety
A variety of lascim in which the subapical lunate hyaline band
of the wings is almost obliterated, merely a trace is discernable.
The subbasal band, in the type, is somewhat contiguous with the
median cloud, leaving the anterior crossvein in a diluted spot;
the females have this band more isolated. The middle and hind
femora are tawny, with the usual distomedian ring yellow, and
the bases of the middle femora yellow.
Type, —Male; Ecuador, (Parrish; 1914), [U. S. N. M., no.
43148].
Paratypes ,—2 9 ; topotypical.
Taeniaptera an^^ulata (Loew)
1866. Calobata angulata Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeit., x, p. 47.
1922. GraUomyia annidata Enderlein, Arch, f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 6, p. 215.
This species has been determined by some authors as Calcbaia
annulaJUi Fabricius (1787), and one would judge from Fabricius^
description of the arista as ‘‘setariis nigra’* (in contrast with
‘‘setariis pilosa” or “setariis pilosa nigra” he described of other
related species) that the arista is bare, which fact would influence
one in considering the synonymy. However, I have word from
Dr. Leander Czerny that Wiedemann’s specimen of this species is
not congeneric with lasciva which fact of course would remove
this possibility.
I have seen the type of angulata^ which is a male from *'New
Grenada” [Colombia], with the wings damaged, but I considered
it conspecific with a specimen from Paramaribo, Dutch Guiana,
when I made the comparison in 1921.
In this species there is but one dorsocentral, the basal segments
of the fore tarsi are entirely white, or may be somewhat darkened
basally, and the first posterior cell is open.
Honduras: Puerto Castilla, May 2, (Painter), [Painter, 2]. Sengrelaya,
April 13, [Bequaert, Ij. Truxillo, April 11, (Painter), [Painter, 1).
Costa Rica: Higuito, San Mateo, (Schild), [XJ. S. N. M., 10].
Panama: Cabina, May 18 to 27, (Busck); Porto Bello, February 15,
(Busok); [all U. S. N. M., 4]. Barro Colorado, Canal 2k>ne, June 20 to August
1, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 33). Bohio, Canal Zone, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1).
Tabemilla, Canal Zone, June 20, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 3). Taboga Island,
February 23 and June 9 to 10, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 8]; June 29, (Banks),
[M. C. Z., 2).
Ck>LOMBiA: Aracataca, Magdalena, August 24, (Rehn), [A. N. S. P., 1].
nUNS. AM. XNT. 80 C., LVI.
352 NEOTBOPICAL NERIIDAE AND MICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTEBA)
British Guiana: Bartica, May 11, [A. N. S. P., 1]. Kalacoon, Bartica
District, [N. Y. Z. S., 1]. Kamakuaa, January, (Lang), [Bequaert, 1].
Dutch Guiana: Paramaribo, (Mayo), [A. N. S. P., 3]; (Boune), [U. S.
N. M., 1].
French Guiana: Cayene, (Schaus), fU. S. N. M., 1).
Trinidad: June, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 3].
Grenada: September, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1].
Brazil: Rio Branco, Amazonas, San Alberto, August 27, [Bequaert, IJ.
Taeniaptera munda (van der Wulp)
1891. Calobata munda van der Wulp, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Dip., ii, p. 374,
pi. 9, fig. 29.
1922. Orallomyia munda^ Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 215.
A well marked species with ferruginous head and thorax, and
black abdomen. There is but one dorsocentral; the fore tarsi
are dark basally, and the hind tibiae are distinctly dilated.
Guatemala: Ca 3 ruga, April, (Schaus), [U. S. N. M., 1]. La Providenoia,
Obispo, (Roulliar) and (Aldrich, May 16), [U. S. N. M., 2]. Livingston,
February 18, (Dean), [U. S. N. M., 11.
Salvador: Izalco, (Knab), [U. S. N. M., 1).
Honduras: Lombardia, (Mann), (U. S. N. M., 1]. Puerto Castilla, May 6,
(Painter), [Painter, 1]. Sangrelaya, April 13, [Bequaert, 7].
Taeniaptera platycnema (Loew)
1866. Calobata plalycnema Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeit., x, p. 47. (Cent., vii, 86).
1922. Rhoecius platycnema Enderlein, Arch, f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 228.
I cannot consider this species congeneric with Rhoecius valgus
Enderlein, as discussed elsewhere in this paper. The present
species as known to me is allied to Calobata munda Loew. The
thorax is ferruginous with two dorsocentrals, and the hind tibiae
are strongly dilated and compressed, sabre-like,
Costa Rica: Higuito, (Schild), [U. S. N. M., 3].
Panama: Porto Bello, March 13, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 2]. Alhajuela,
Canal Zone, May 28, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 1]. Barro Colorado, Canal Zone,
June 20 and July 30, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 11]. Fort Sherman, Canal Zone,
July 5, (Banks), [M. C. Z., 1].
Taeniaptera parens Cresson
1926. Taeniaptera parens Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., m, p. 273.
A black species with two dorsocentrals; middle femora pale
basally; hind tibiae somewhat dilated; hind tarsi dark basally.
Honduras: Sengrelaya, April 13, (Bequaert), [A. N. S. P., 2; t 3 rpicalseries].
British Guiana: Bartica, [N. Y. Z. S., 1]. Kamakusa, September, (Lang),
[Bequaert, 3]. Kartabo, Bartica District, [Cornell 1; N. Y. Z. S., 2].
Brazil: Lower Rio Negro, Amazonas, August 21, [Bequaert, 2].
ESSRA T. CBESSON) JR.
353
The South American specimens are not exactly in agreement
with the type series, and are all females, but they appear to
differ only in the less amount of darkening on the fore tarsi.
This may be Grallomyia thiemei Enderlein^ described from
Colombia, but Enderlein does not mention the number of
dorsocentrals.
Tamiaptera planitibia (Enderlein)
1922. GrdUamyia planitibia Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 216.
Originally described from Guatemala, Mexico and Nicaragua.
The type is presumably a male from Tumbador, Guatemala,
July 1912, (Riedel).
Similar to angulaia but the post verticals are absent; two
dorsocentrals present; tibiae strongly dilated; basal half of first
segment of fore tarsi dark, and bases of middle and hind tarsi pale.
Of this species I have seen two specimens from Higuito, San
Mateo, Costa Rica, (Schild) [U. S. N. M.], and four from Sengre-
lay a, Honduras, [Bequaert].
Tamiaptera volant Cresson
1926. Taeniaptera volens Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 273.
A black species without post vertical bristles; with two dorso¬
centrals and slender tibiae; in the latter character differing from
planitibia.
Besides the typical series of six females from Porto Bello,
Panama, I have seen three specimens from Trinidad Rio, Panama,
June 12, (Busck), [U. S. N. M.J.
Taeniaptera vulpet Cresson
1926. Taeniaptera wipes Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 273.
A black species with ferruginous head, two dorsocentrals,
middle and hind femora and tibiae pale basally, and tibiae
slender. The wing has the first posterior cell closed, and the
pattern is rather broken up, suggesting species of Grallomyia in
that there is a large diluted area about the posterior crossvein.
Besides the typical series of thirteen specimens from Trinidad
Rio, Panama, I have seen another from Porto Bello, Panama,
April 18, (Busck), [U. S. N. M.], and another from Quirigua,
Panama, May 7, (Aldrich), [U. S. N. M.].
** Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 217, (1922). ~
354 NEOTBOPICAL NBBIIDAE AND IfICBOPEZIDAE (dIPTEBA)
TaMiiaptera livid* Cresson
1926. Taeniaptera livida Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., ui, p. 274.
In this and the next following species we have the frons
comparatively smooth, not wrinkled laterally; the mesofrons has
a velvety black, rounded spot. A black species with two dorso-
centrals; all tarsi whitish basally; tibiae slender.
Panama: Trinidad River, May 9, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 7; typical series].
Porto Bello, March 13, (Busck), [U. S. N. M., 2]. Barro Colorado, Canal
Zone, June 23, (Banks), (M. C. Z., 1].
British Guiana: Kartabo, Bartica District, [N. Y. Z. S., 1].
A female from Piches and Perene Valleys, Peru, 2000 to 3000
feet, alt., (Soc. Geog. de Lima), [U. S. N. M.j, is probably
conspecific with the type, but is slightly larger. The specimen
is somewhat greasy and the color pattern is difficult to see.
Taeniaptera dilator Cresson
1926. Taeniaptera dilator Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Lii, p. 274.
This species is very similar to livida, but the hind tibiae are
much dilated and sabre-like; the femoral rings are very indistinct
or wanting.
Besides the type form from Grenada, West Indies, I have seen
two specimens from Trinidad, June 20, (Busck), [U. S. N. M.].
TENTHES new genus
I hesitate to propose this new genus in a family already
overburdened with genera of doubtful validity, but cannot
satisfactorily place the following species in any known genus.
The sjrstematical position of the genus is also doubtful, but
seems to be beet placed here.
In general build this species suggests those of Taeniaptera, but
in detail examination we find no true bristles at all on the 1^,
but that these members, especially the femora are clothed with
scattered, erect hairs on all surfaces, and similar Lairs on the
thorax and abdomen. The subclavate femora suggest species of
Cardiacephala, but the scutellum here is normal. The head is
hemispherical, with comparatively fiat occiput; frons with
anterior portion uniformally opaque, the fusciform mesofrons,
attaining the lunular margin and almost the postverticals, is
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
365
broadest at the ocelli which are situated far in advance of the
inner verticals; the polished paracephala terminate in a point at
about middle of frons. Anal cell long and attenuated. Addi¬
tional generic characters may be gleaned from the following
description of the species. Unfortunately only the female sex
is known.
Tenthes citatus new species
Black; frons anteriorly, mesofrons, face, mouth parts, antennae,
all coxae, bases and apices of middle and hind femora, fore
tibiae, apical half of middle and hind tibiae, all tarsi except
apical two segments, yellow to rufous; middle and hind femora
with subbasal, broad distomedian, and narrow subapical rings
darker; also with a subapical paler almost white ring. Wings
hyaline with a small subbasal spot and a broad triangular median
cloud including the posterior crossveins; apex hyaline.
Subopaque, shagreened and overcast with cinereous pollen;
mesofrons and parafrons opaque.
General build, slender. Head and eyes slightly higher than
long. Occiput slightly convex, normal. Frons broadest at
vertex, with orbits converging; frontalia normal, not differenti¬
ated from epicephala and discernible to beyond middle of frons;
two frontals, outer, inner, and postverticals present, the latter
aligned with posterior orbits. Ocelli far in advance of posterior
orbits. Mesofrons fusciform, converging to point before reaching
postverticals, almost evanescent anteriorly into the same color
and opacity as that of the parafrons. Face long and narrow,
more than twice as long as broad, clypeus slightly exerted.
Cheeks linear. Palpi rather slender. Antennae short; third
segment ovate; arista bare. Thorax longer than high, attenuated
anteriorly; mesonotum convex but not at all decliveous at
anterior margin, leaving the scale like pronotum prominent;
scutum flattened between the one pair of dorcentrals. Sterno-
pleural comb well developed. Scutellum convex, short, with two
bristles, apical. Abdomen very slender; second segment longest,
with sparse, erect, pale hairs but no appressed setulae. Legs
slender; middle and hind femora swollen beyond middle with
sparse, erect, pale hairs and some appressed setulae apically;
tibiae very slender and long, not sulcate, with numerous setulae.
Wings slender; third costal section about two-thirds as long as
ultimate section of fourth vein; first posterior cell open; anal cell
attenuating to near margin. Length, 7 mm.
Type. —Female; Puerto Bermudez, Rio Pichis, Peru, July 13
to 19, 1920 (Cornell Expedition), [Cornell Univ. Colin.].
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
356 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAE AND MICROPEZIDAE (dIPTERa)
Subfamily micropezinae
The species of this subfamily are conspicuous by their peculiar
development of the external genital organs. I cannot consider
the separation of Calobata and Micropeza as members of distinct
subfamilies, they have too much in common, although it must be
admitted that Calobata has rather unique characteristics; but it
is certainly more closely related to Micropeza than to Taeniaptera.
Of this subfamily we have the following genera occurring
within the scope of the present paper.
MICROPEZA Meigen
1803. Micropeza Meigen, Ill. Mag., ii, p. 276.
1908. Tylos Hendel, Verb. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, 1908, p. 60 [nee. Tylos
Meigen, 1800, nom. nud.].
1922. Necriocephaltts Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 160.
1922. Clioppza Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 162.
Genotype: Musca corrigiolata Linnaeus, 1767. [by mono-
typy]-
The primary characteristics of this genus are the elongate
head, especially of the female; absence of dorsocentral and
propleural bristles; the short third costal section (less than one-
half length of ultimate section of fourth vein) and the confluent
discal and second basal cells.
I cannot recognize Neriocephalus Enderlein nor Cliopeza
Enderlein, as distinct genera; and Tylos is a pure synonym with
the same genotype.
Micropeza ventralis new species
A black species with yellow ventral surfaces, easily distin¬
guished thus and by the characters given in the description.
Black including the arista; frons except medianly and third
antennal segment, ferruginous; halteres knob, and tibiae basally,
brown; face, the broad oral margins, lower part of propleura,
prosterna, mesal margins of sternopleura, metasterna, posterio-
dorsal and ventral margins of tergites, venter, most of genital
segments of male, coxae and extreme bases of femora, yellow.
Wings slightly brownish.
Head twice as long as high; eyes horizontal; postorbital exten¬
sion about one-half diameter of eyes. First posterior cell closed
at costa.
EZRA T. CRESSON, JR.
357
The typical series is somewhat greasy, but the females show
that the upper surfaces are probably opaque, densely dark gray
pruinose; mesonotum brownish with a narrow median gray line
between two narrow darker ones. Vertex with two narrow
shining lines converging anteriorly to narrowest part of frons.
Length, 6 to 7 mm.
Type, —Male; Tacubaya, Distrito Federal, Mexico, [U. S. N.
M., no. 43149].
Paratypes, —1 c?, 2 9 ; topotypical.
Micropeza verticalis new species
In general appearance very similar to producta but the antennae
are pale and the vertex is distinctly cinereous.
Yellow to tawny, subopaque; upper occiput rufous with area
behind postverticals and a stripe through outer verticals, yellow;
area including ocelli, post- and innerverticals, cinereous; meso¬
notum rufous with a narrow anterior median yellow stripe; all
femora narrowly brown at apices; arista black; halteres brown;
tibiae apically, and tarsi, black. Head two and one-half times
as long as high; ocelli aligned with posterior orbits and anterior
to line of frontals. Claspers of male apparently not developed;
first posterior cell closed near to or at costa. Length, 5 mm.
Type, —Male; Barcoa, Cuba, September, 1901, (A. Busck),
[U. S. N. M., no. 27070].
Micropeza appendiculata Schiner
18G8. Micropeza appendiculata Schiner, Reise Novara, Zool., ii, p. 250.
1922. Neriocephalus appendiculatus Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A,
lift. 5, p. 160.
This is the genotype of Neriocephalus Enderlein, 1922, char¬
acterized by the elongate head and the closed first posterior cell.
I cannot recognize that genus, but the present species is typical
of a group in which the thorax is opaque, densely grayish to
white priunose, with two to three narrow, median, brown,
mesonotal stripes; femora yellow, with distomedian dark rings.
To my knowledge, this group contains appendiculata Schiner
and distincta Schiner from South America'^; bilineata van der
Wulp, stigmatica van der Wulp, distenta Cresson, and biannulata
Cresson, from Central America.
I have not been able to satisfactorily establish this species in
the material at a hand, but the essential characters gleaned from
the original description are:
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
358 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAE AND MICROPEZIDAE (DIPTERA)
Head longer than broad; mesonotum gray with two approxi¬
mate brown lines; femora yellow with two dark distomedian
rings; wings with first posterior cell closed and petiolate. Ovi¬
positor shining black with yellow median ring.
A male from Cotopax, Ecuador, (F. Campos), [U. S. N. M.],
may belong here, but its condition is too poor for a very critical
description.
Head one and one-half as long as high; eyes round, upper
parts brown or ferruginous with oral regions yellow. Third
antennal segment yellow; arista white. Eyes round. Meso¬
notum with two narrow median presutural lines and broad lateral
margins, brown; a postsutural median brown line extends onto
the scutellum; pleura uniformally cinereous. Femora dark
yellow with two distomedian, darker rings; the proximal ring
about five femoral diameters from the apex. Claspers of male
broad, broadly truncate apically with short, stout tooth-like
fingers, the latter twice as long as their basal diameter. Petiole
of first posterior cell about as long as anterior crossvein.
Micropeza stigmatica van der Wulp
1903. Micropeza stigmatica van der Wulp, Biol. Cent. Amer., Dipt., ii
p. 367, pi. 9, fig. 17.
In this species we have three fine, brown, median mesonotal
lines anterior to the suture, and irregular lateral brown spots;
there may or may not be a postsutural median line. Pleura
with irregular reflecting brown and white spots. Claspers of
male rather slender, with apices attenuated into rather long
simple fingers. The first posterior cell may or may not be
petiolated. Head of male about twice as long as high; eyes
rather rounded. Ovipositor tawny with black apex.
We may have appendiculata here. My series agrees somewhat
with the description of M, distincta Schiner (1868) excepting
that the postorbital area is shining black and the mesonotum is
bivittate in that species. A critical examination and descriptions
of the types of those species should be made by a competent
student.
Guatemala: Ayulta, April 13, (Aldrich); Ingenio Railroad Station, April
28, (Aldrich); La Providencia, Obispo, April 15, (Aldrich), [all U. S. N. M., 6].
Panama: Bella Vista, July to August, (Banks); Fort Sherman, Canal
Zone, July 3, (Banks); Gamboa, Canal Zone, (Banks), [all M. C. Z., 11].
Mexico: Vulcano Colima, (Conrad), [U. S. N. M., 3].
Brazil: Piedra, April, [A. M. N. H., 1].
Argentina: ?Mendoza, (Lichtwardt), [Deut. Ent. Inst., 1]. Potrerillos,
Mendoza, 4000 feet alt., March 16, [Cornell, 1].
EZRA T. CRES80N, JR.
359
The Brazilian and Argentinian individuals are apparently
conspecific with those from Central America, but the median
brown mesonotal line and lateral spots are less distinct. A male
also from Colima Vulcano, Mexico, (L. Conrad), [U. S. N. M.],
has the claspers large, broad, obtusely pointed apically without
definite fingers, or tooth.
This species also occurs in the United States.
Micropeza distenta Cresson
1926. Micropeza distenta Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 262.
This is very similar to stigmcUicay but the head of the male is
shorter, about one and one-half times as long as high; eyes rounded.
It may not be distinct from that species, as there seems to be no
other differentiating characters, but my series is not extensive
enough to satisfactorily establish that synonymy.
Of this species I have seen only the type series of five males
and a female from Taboga, Panama, [U. S. N. M.], and another
specimen from La Chorrera, Panama, May 22, (Busck), [U. S.
N. M.].
A female from. Head of Rio Piedra Verdes, alt. 7300 feet.
Sierra Madre, Chihuahua, Mexico, August 7, (C. H. T. Town¬
send), [U. S. N. M.], probably represents a distinct species, but
its condition docs not warrant fuller description nor further
consideration than given below. There is seemingly so much
variation in this genus that it is not advisable to erect species on
a single specimen, es-pecially if it is a female.
Head very elongate; frons yellow, (third antennal segment
wanting); mesonotum with two fine median brown stripes, a
round spot and two to three more lateral, irregular, spots before
suture. Fore femora as in stigmatica (middle and hind legs
wanting, but a detached leg shows a subbasal brown tibial ring).
Ovipositor segment longer than in the Panama specimens, with
two round, black spots.
Micropeza biannulata Cresson
1926. Micropeza biannidata Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 261.
The two mesonotal stripes, the more uniformally cinereous
pleura, and the extreme apical infuscation of the femora, will
distinguish this species. It is evidently closely allied to M,
bilineata van der Wulp (1897) described from Mexico.
Only the type series of four males and a female from Higuito,
Costa Rica, [U. S. N. M.], are known to me.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
360 NEOTROPICAL NERIIDAE AND MICROPEZIDAE (dIPTERA)
METAPOBRACHIA Enderlein
1922. Metapohrachia Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5, p. 161.
Genotype: Micropeza obscura Bigot (1886). [Original desig¬
nation].
This name is retained for a group of species allied to what I
consider Micropeza obscura Bigot, with the following character¬
istics:
Head subglobose to slightly elongate triangular, at most twice
as long as high; wings broader than in Micropeza; third costal
section much longer than one-half the ultimate section of fourth
vein.
Metapobrachia recta (Cresson)
1926. Micropeza recta Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 261.
Differing from obscura in its longer head (twice as long as high),
more slender thorax; the postsutural mesonotal area flattened;
arista black; third costal section about three-fourths as long as
ultimate of fourth vein.
The subapical flexor spot of the middle and hind femora is
often large, occupying tha entire apex, as is that of the fore femora.
The species is known only from
Panama: Alhajuela, April, (Busck), (U* S. N. M., 1). Porto Bello, March
9, (Schwarz), [U. S. N. M., 2; type series]. Barro Colorado, Canal Zone,
July 15 to August 1, (Busck), [M. C. Z., 4).
Metapobrachia subrecta (Cresson)
1926. Micropeza suhrecta Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 261.
The separation of this species from recta is so slight that one is
sometimes in doubt as to it being distinct; but the differences in
the form of the claspers of the male, and the dilution of the
apical infuscation of the femora, resulting, in the formation of a
subapical ring, seem to be constant. My material of this form,
however, is small, consisting of the type series of three males
and two females from Higuito, San Mateo, Costa Rica, (Schild),
[U. S. N. M,].
Metapobrachia sagittifer (Cresson)
1926. Micropeza sagittifer Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., lii, p. 263.
In this species we have a form more closely related to obscura
than are the former two, differing in that the fore femora are
uniformally darkened apically, and the hind femora have a
EZBA T. CBESSON, JB.
361
diffused, subbasal, infuscation. There is a distinct median
infuscation of the wings.
Known only from the type series of two females from Chapada,
Brazil [A. M. N. H.].
Metapobrachia obscura (Bigot)
1886. Micropeza obscura Bigot, An. Soc. Ent. France, (6), vi, p. 387.
1897. Micropeza obscura van der Wulp, Biol. Cent.-Am., Dip., ii, p. 365.
1922. Metapobrachia obscura Enderlein, Arch. f. Naturg., 1922, A, Hft. 5,
p. 161.
Two specimens (one a female, the other with the apex of the
abdomen missing, but probably a male) from Higuito, San
Mateo, Costa Rica, (Schild), [U. S. N. M.], are probably this
species. They are somewhat faded, being more of a brown than
black. From this series, the species may be diagnosed as follows:
Black; face, oral margin, prosterna, metasterna, halteres,
apical margins of abdominal segments, coxae, fore femora basally
and with a more or less noticeable subapical ring, middle and
hind femora with exception of distomedian and subapical rings
and a subapical flexor spot, middle and hind tibiae except
apices, yellow. Third antennal segment orange; arista white.
Shining; vertex medianly, postorbits, postsutural area of meso-
notum, suprar-notopleural area, lower portion of pleura, more or
less cinereous. Abdomen subopaque. Anterior frontal orbits
silvery.
Head slightly longer than high, somewhat equilaterally
triangular in profile; eyes oblique; frons somewhat produced;
occiput convex, not greatly developed. Mesonotum somewhat
convex behind suture; no dorsocentrals. Third costal section
about four-fifths as long as ultimate of fourth vein; first posterior
cell closed at costa. length excl. ovipositor, 5 mm.
I do not find, in the specimen I think is a male, the fringe of
black hairs on underside of head, as described by van der Wulp.
CRYOGONUS Cresson
1926. Cryogonus Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., in, p. 264.
We distinguish this from the foregoing genera by the presence
of postdorsocentrals, propleural and postorbital bristles, and the
relatively short, broad wings, with a long third costal section.
Genotype: Micropeza formicaria Rondani, 1864 (as Cryogonus
reedi Cresson, 1926).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
362 NEOTBOPICAIi NERIIDAE AND MICROPEZIDAE (DIPTERA)
Cryogonus formicarius (Rondani)
1864. Micropeza formicaria Rondani, Arch. Zool. Anat. Fisc., Modena, iii,
p. 42.
1926. Cryogonus reedi Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., ui, p. 264.
The three females from Chile, (Reed), [U. S. N. M.; type
series of C. reedi], and a female from Valparaiso, Chile, “Perales,
1.25,” (A. Fez), [U. S. N. M., “253”], agree well with Rondani’s
description. The specimens from Chile are paler, not so intensely
shining black as is the specimen from Valparaiso.
There is no doubt as to the synonymy of C. reedi.
CALOBATA
This genus is not, to my knowledge, represented in the Neo¬
tropical life-zone, but is holarctic in distribution. Prior to 1922,
it had been the recipient of most of the species not falling in the
genera Nerius and Micropeza, but is now restricted to a group of
species very distinct from those constituting the other genera
treated in this paper.
ON CERTAIN TROPICAL AMERICAN GENERA OF
STENOPELMATINAE, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF
TWO NEW WEST INDIAN SPECIES
(ORTHOPTERA, TETTIGONIIDAE)
BY JAMES A. G. REHN
In 1869 Walker described two genera of anostostomatine
Stenopelmatinae, namely Licodiaj^ based on two new species,
L. pallipeSj from ^‘St. Domingo,’^ and L.?? obliqua, from an
unknown locality, and Lutosay^ based on L, marginalis new
species, from an unknown locality. For Licodia, Kirby subse¬
quently selected pallipes as the genotype.® In 1888 Brunner
von Wattenwyl, in his classic ^^Monographic der Stcnopelmatiden
und Gryllacriden,^^ erected two genera of the same general
relationships, namely Pherterusy^ based on Rhaphidophorus
cubaensis de Haan, described from Cuba, and P, brasiliensis
new species, from southern Brazil, and ApotetamenuSy^ based on
A. amazonae and .^1. clipeatus new species, from Brazil. For
Pherterus Kirby subsequently selected cubaensis as the genotype,
and similarly arnazonac for Apotetamenus.^ In his Catalogue
Kirby also synonymized Pherterus under LutosUy and Apote-
iamenus under LicodiaJ
In endeavoring to determine a specimen submitted for identi¬
fication, investigation of the relationship of these generic names
was necessary, and it was soon evident that Kirbj^^s action did
not have the support of the material before me. I soon found
that LicodiUy even from the unsatisfactory original description,
^ Catal. Spec. Derm. Salt. Brit. Mus., i, p. 210, (1869).
2 Catal. Spec. Derm. Salt. Brit. Mus., i, p. 211, (1869).
® Synon. Catal. Orth., ii, p. 119, (1906).
^ Verhandl. K.-K. Zool.-Bot. Gesell., Wien, xxxviii, pp. 255, 282.
* Verhandl. K.-K. Zool.-Bot. GeselL, Wien, xxxviii, pp. 255-283.
® Synon. Catal. Orth., ii, p. 119, (1906).
^ Synon. Catal. Orth., ii, p. 119, (1906).
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
364 AMERICAN STENOPELMATINAE (oRTHOPTERA: TBTTIGONIIDAE)
was quite distinct from Apotetamenus, With Kirby’s reference
of Pherterus to Lutosa, as a synonym, I fully agree, as from
available material I can detect no differences of more than
specific value. In brief the four names involved represent three
distinct genera, material of all of which is now before me. The
following features will serve to distinguish the genera.
A. Pronotum greatly extended caudad over the other thoracic
tergites and the more proximal abdominal segments, in
length not less than that of caudal femur. Fastigium
(of female) twice as wide as proximal antennal article.
Caudal femora with inflated portion occupying three-
fourths of femoral length. (Palpi with ultimate article
(exclusive of terminal vesicle) distinctly longer than
penultimate or antepenultimate.). .Apotetamenus Brunner
AA. Pronotum not greatly extended caudad over the other thor¬
acic tergites and the more proximal abdominal segments,
in length not over half that of caudal femur. Fastigium
less than twice as wide as proximal antennal article.
Caudal femora with inflated portion occupying not more,
and usually less, than two-thirds of femoral length.
B. Head broad, in male with mandibles greatly developed,
suggesting the genus Anostostoma. Fastigium broader,
its surface impressed or subimpressed within the
margins. Proximal antennal article with internal
face bearing a marked subangulate inflation. Eyes
projecting distinctly cephalad in both sexes, as seen
from dorsum. Cephahc tibiae with dorso-caudal
margin unspined except for distal spine. Cerci
longer, in female equal to about half of ovipositor
length. (Palpi with penultimate article slightly
longer than ultimate without terminal vesicle.)
Licodia Walker
BB. Head deep, narrow, not markedly differing in the sexes.
Fastigium narrower, its surface unimpressed, full.
Proximal antennal article with internal face having
at most but a faint subangulate inflation, the general
form basically cylindroid. Eyes not projecting ceph¬
alad as seen from dorsum. Cephalic tibiae with one to
two spines on dorso-caudal margin in addition to distal
spine. Cerci shorter, in female much less than half
as long as ovipositor. Lutosa Walker
JAMES A. G. REHN
365
Of the genus Apotetamenus I have before me two females
referable to A. clipeatus Brunner.® The genus Licodia is repre¬
sented in the material in hand by two species, one from His¬
paniola, the other from Cuba, both of which are here described.
Of the genus Lutosa I have before me, from the Hebard collection,
a female specimen from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, determined by
Saussure as Pherterus goeldianus Saussure and Pictet, which is
considered to be a synonym of Lutosa marginalis of Walker, the
type (male) of Lutosa paranensis Rehn, and material of a West
Indian species, to be reported at a later date.
Licodia grandis new species (Text-fig. 1.)
A very large, striking insect, twice the size of the originally
referred species, L. pallipes and obliqua Walker, the former
described from “St. Domingo,” the latter from an unknown
locality, both known only from the female sex. The original
description of palhpes^ contains no structural features and is
almost useless for comparison, as its color features are hardly
specifically diagnostic. From the description of obhqua^^^ which
was assigned to Licodia by Walker with a query, the present
species differs in tibial spination details, in exact palpal pro?
portions, and in coloration features which are probably not
diagnostic. Without material of these species, not now available,
further comparison is not possible.
Type, — 9; Coffee Station, Fond des Negres, Massif de la
Hotte, Haiti, Hispaniola. July 1, 1929. (C. H. Arndt.)
[^Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Type no. 5492.]
Size very large for genus (body length, exclusive of ovipositor,
35.5 mm.): form as in related genera, moderately robust, from
dorsum blunted cephalad, more attenuate caudad: surface
moderately, of limbs and ovipositor more decidedly, polished;
face, pronotum, mesonotum, metanotum and proximal abdominal
t^rgite with areas of finely crenulate micro-lineate sculpture.
® 1888. Apotetamenus clipeatus Brunner, Verb. K.-K. Zool.-Botan. Gesell.,
Wien, XXXVIII, p. 283. [ 9 ; Brazil.]
Brazil: Ypiranga, state of Sao Paulo; October, 1906; (H. Luederwaldt);
1 9; [A. N. S, P,]. Os Penis, state of Sao Paulo; October, 1903; (H. Lue¬
derwaldt); 1 9; [A. N. S. P.].
® Catal. Derm. Salt. Brit. Mus., i, p. 210, (1869).
Catal. Derm. Salt. Brit. Mus., i, p. 211, (1869).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
366 AMERICAN STENOPELMATINAE (oRTHOPTERA; TETTIGONIIDAE)
Head short, broad, relatively deep, mandibles large but not
disproportionately developed, greatest width across genae con¬
tained one and one-half times in greatest depth of head: clypeus
and labrum reaching virtually to mandibular apices and fully
covering buccal aperture in cephalic aspect; clypeus symmetri¬
cally trapezoidal, its median depth contained nearly twice in its
greatest proximal width, its distal width faintly less than median
clypeal depth; labrum broad cordiform in outline: fastigium
short, broad, cordiform, distinctly broader than eye and slightly
more than one and one-half times as broad as proximal antennal
article; dorso-cephalic aspect of fastigium broadly and strongly
deplanate, the whole area within margining lateral borders and
distad of lateral ocelli obliquely flattened, with a faint subcircu¬
lar proximo-median low elevation; narrow distal extremity of
fastigium closely in contact with facial fastigium. Eyes rather
small, deep, narrow ovoid in outline, in dorsal aspect moderately
produced meso-cephalad. Antennae elongate filiform, three
times as long as body with ovipositor; proximal article robust,
with obtuse production of internal face very evident, disto-
internal face of article obliquely subdeplanate. Palpi elongate,
very slender; ultimate joint (exclusive of the terminal bulb)
slightly shorter than penultimate joint, which in turn is a third
longer than the antepenultimate joint; length of ultimate joint
but slightly less than combined length of clypeus and labrum in
normal portion; penultimate joint somewhat narrowed proximad,
antepenultimate joint slightly arcuate.
Pronotum with cephalic margin of dorsum slightly arcuate,
caudal margin of same transversely truncate, length and width
of dorsum subequal, in transverse section regularly arcuate, in
profile dorsal hne is nearly straight, faintly decurving cephalad:
lateral lobes in contour undifferentiated from dorsum, shallow;
cephalic, ventral and caudal margins of lobes forming a nearly
regular arcuation, the curve faintly flattened ventro-caudad:
margins of lobes appreciably cingulate. Mesonotum and meta-
notum with caudal margin transversely truncate; lateral margins
strongly arcuate, slightly oblique-subtruncate caudad, lateral
margins cingulate to same degree as margins of lateral lobes of
pronotum.
Abdomen with ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) developed
as a short, thick, sublinguiform structure, in dorsal view with its
lateral mar^ns subparallel, distal margin roughly arcuate, laterad
and distad its structure thickened, mesad concavely subexcavate
on dorsum. Cerci regularly tapering, distad very slender,
reaching caudad as far as middle of ovipositor, ventral surface
in proxim^ half longitudinally canaliculate, this becoming
obsolete distad. Ultimate sternite (subgenital plate) short.
JAMES A. G. KEHN
367
outline arcuate subtrigonal, apex narrowly rounded. Ovipositor
slightly longer than median length of pronotum and exposed head
and mesonotum combined, moderately arcuate, rather narrow,
in profile arcuation slightly more marked in distal third than in
proximal two-thirds, apices of valves acute, surface of valves
smooth.
Prosternum with elongate, subparallel bispinations. Meso-
sternum and metasternum each bilobate, the former acutely
subspiniform, the latter with acute but not spiniform lobes.
Cephalic and median hmbs moderately slender, of medium
elongation: cephalic femora but slightly shorter than median
length of pronotum and exposed section of mesonotum, weakly
tapering distad and faintly decurved at apex, subcompressed,
ventral margins unarmed: cephalic tibiae slightly longer than
the corresponding femora, dorsal surface with two spines (one
distal) on cephalic and one distad on caudal margin, ventral
margins each with five spines (one distal); auditory foveolae
elongate ovoid: median femora subequal to cephalic in length,
similarly subcompressed, tapering and faintly decurved distad,
caudal genicular lobe spined, ventral margins unarmed: median
tibiae slightly longer than the corresponding femora, dorsal
surface with cephalic margin bearing three and caudal four
spaced spines, one on each margin distal, ventral margins armed
as on the cephalic tibiae. Caudal femora but slightly shorter
than body, strongly inflated and distinctly bullate in proximal-
three-fifths, distal section relatively slender, in profile not
markedly deepened at apex, in dorsal view appreciably expanding
across genicular lobes, greatest depth of femora at proximal
fourth and contained three and one-third times in greatest
femoral length, internal face of femora subconcave, external face
strongly convex; paginal pattern consisting of spaced oblique,
ventro-cephalad directed, raised lines, ventro-lateral carina
strongly elevated, sharply differentiating lateral face from ventro-
latcrfd one, latter subconcave, at least near carina, with a
secondary type of “herringbone^' paginal pattern, ventral carina
well arcuate in proximal half, unarmed; caudal (internal) genicu¬
lar lobe spined distad, cephalic (external) lobe with a distinct
proximal marginal spine: caudal tibiae straight, but slightly
shorter than femora, subquadrate in section, dorsal face slightly
widened and somewhat impresso-deplanate within its finely
cingulate lateral margins, external margin with twelve large
spaced fixed spines, internal margins with ten similar spines,
distad of the fixed spines on each margin is a single large articulate
spur-like spine, these subequal in length and appreciably hooked
at their apices; distal tibial spurs three in number on each side,
the dorso-internal half again as long as the dorso-external, both
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
368 AMERICAN STENOPELMATINAE (oRTHOPTERA: TETTIGONIIDAE)
straight with a very brief hooking^ at their tips, median and
ventral spurs much smaller, medio-internal slightly longer than
medio-external, the former about a third the length of dorso-
internal spur, the ventral pair small and subequal in length:
caudal tarsi with metatarsus and succeeding article together
subequal in length to disto-dorsal internal tibial spur, metatarsus
ventrad with two marked pulvilli, entire tarsal length subequal
to one-third of tibial length.
General color of dorsal surface morocco red passing to ochra-
ceous-buff distad on the abdomen and base of ovipositor, the whole
of this surface overlaid with an indistinct pattern of fuscous on
the pronotum and caudal linings of the same color on the meso-
notum, metanotum and abdominal tergites, these linings broader
laterad than mesad, the pronotal pattern balanced and sublyrate
mesad; fastigium with its disk vinaceous-russet, bordered with
fuscous and with a center spot of the same: face, genae, coxae,
an area on the pronotal lateral lobes, femoral bases and ventral
surface of abdomen ochraceous-buff; ocellar spots pale amber
yellow; palpi light ochraceous-buff, mandibles ochraceous-orange
tipped with fuscous; eyes fuscous-black; antennae prout^s brown,
becoming dresden brown distad and russet brown lined with
fuscous proximad, proximal and succeeding article of the face
color, the former clouded with fuscous on internal surface.
Cephalic and median femora distad passing to bay, with dorsal
surface of apex contrastingly ochraceous-buff; cephalic and
median tibiae bay to auburn, the spines chestnut, fuscous tipped.
Caudal femora of dorsal color, paling to ventral color proximad
and with dorsal surface of apex strikingly contrasted light
ochraceous-buff, ventro-lateral face and most of internal face of
ventral color, genicular lobes largely fuscous; caudal tibiae and
tarsi ochraceous-buff, on the former heavily overlaid with
fuscous-black proximad, the immediate genicular region dull
sanford^s brown, dorso-lateral cingulate margins pencilled with
fuscous-black, spines and spurs chestnut, tipped and lined with
fuscous-black. Ovipositor becoming burnt sienna distad. Cerci
auburn.
Length of body (exclusive of ovipositor), 35.5 mm.; length of
pronotum, 11.7; greatest width of pronotum across lobes, 10.9;
length of cephalic femur, 13.5; length of median femur, 13.4;
len^h of caudal femur, 32.8; length of caudal tibia, 30.7; length
of ovipositor, 17.3.
The type of this large and striking species is unique.
JAMES A. G. REHN
369
Licodia cerberus new species (Text-figs. 2-4.)
This is the first true Licodia to be known from the male sex,
and it is at once evident that in this genus marked dimorphism
is found in the sexes in the structure of the head, such as occurs
in the Australian genus Anostostoma. The present species is far
smaller than L. grandis, described above, and leaving entirely
out of consideration the marked diffenmces in the buccal region
of the head, which in every probability are sexual, it differs in
the much more elongate and slender cephalic and median limbs,
the less robust caudal tibial spurs and proportionately shorter
distal spur on each margin of the caudal tibiae, the more attenuate
palpi, the narrower fastigium of the vertex and the more slender
proximal antennal article.
<3
t
des NeRTes, Haiti. (X 3J.)
Fig. 2 —Licodia cerberus new species. Cephalic view of head of male
(type). Monte Toro, Guantanamo, Cuba. (X 2|.)
Fig. 3 .—Licodia cerberus new species. External aspect of apex of caudal
tibia of male (type). Monte Toro, Guantdiiamo, Cuba. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 4 .—Licodia cerberus new species. Palpus of male (type). Monte
Toro, Guantdnamo, Cuba. (X 4.)
This Cuban species is somewhat larger than either of the species
described by Walker, but as far as can be gleaned from their
very unsatisfactory and superficial descriptions cerberus is clearly
distinct. Walker^s obliqvxi is said to have the legs stout, and the
pronotum elongate, which certainly would not be true of cerberus,
while the color features of pallipes, which comprise its entire
description, show a number of features of difference from cerberus.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
370 AMEBICAN STENOPELMATINAE (ORTHOPTERA; TETTIGONIIDAE)
The generic description of Licodia, which probably was based
largely on the first species described under it (i.e. pallipes)f
gives eleven spines on the external margin of the caudal tibiae,
while Cerberus has but nine, and grandis described above has
twelve. The description of ohligua gives eight as the number in
that species, so, as but two species were then known, it is safe to
assume pallipes has eleven. It is thus evident that the number
of these spines ranges from eight to twelve in the genus.
Type, —c?; Cueva de la Lechuza, San Felipe, Monte Toro,
Guantdnamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. (C. T. Ramsden.)
[[Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Type no. 5493.]]
Size medium (body length, 23.5 mm.): form more slender
than in L. grandis, but head deeper, more inflated and with the
large mandibles asymmetrically developed surface moderately
polished, faintly and finely sculptured with crenulate micro-
lineations on the lateral lobes of the pronotum, and the lateral-
areas of the meso- and metanota, surface of face and clypeus
with larger and distinct, but similar, transverse crenulate sculp¬
tural lineations.
Head proportionately very large, deep, transverse, greatest
depth to tips of mandibles equal to one and one-half times the
width across mandibular bases: occiput moderately inflated
transversely, the outline, as seen in cephalic aspect, regularly
and subarcuately broadening to the mandibular bases, in profile
occiput and fastigium are regularly arcuate, latter decidedly
arcuato-oblique declivent cephalad: in dorsal view fastigium is
relatively narrow, acute, greatest width (across lateral ocellar
spots) distinctly less than fastigial length to same point; surface
of fastigium faintly deplanate about a low broad circular median
elevation, lateral margins hardly evident; apex of fastigium of
vertex very narrow, closely in contact with facial fastigium,
which latter with median ocellar spot is appreciably elevated
above general facial level: lower face and much of clypeus de¬
cidedly concave impressed, in a symmetrical fashion of varying
depth, of most marked character transversely at the clypeal
base: clypeus asymmetrical, strongly transverse, short, sinistral
side very shallow, briefly produced, normally developed section
entirely on dextral side, this in outline symmetrically trapezoid,
^^The asymmetrical character of the mandibles is pronounced, and is
shared to an appreciable degree by the maxillae, while the clypeus, as described
above, is markedly asymmetrical. This condition of the mouth-parts is
apparently normal and not pathological.
JAMES A. G. REHN
371
its apex transverse truncate: labrum elongate cordiform, apex
rounded acute. Mandibles markedly as 3 anmetrical; sinistral
arm the larger, more arcuate, heavy, transversely depressed in
most of its len^h, apex broadened at biting surface, somewhat
thickened, apical hook-like cusp prominent; dextral arm slighter,
straighter and less strongly depressed than the sinistral arm,
apex much as apex of latter but less thickened. Eyes much as
in L. grandis but slightly broader ovoid in outline and more
sharply acute-angulate in their cephalic direction as seen in
dorsal view. Antennae as in L. grandis but not complete in the
unique type; proximal article more slender than in L. grandis^
angular production of internal face of article less developed,
surface of same area subcylindrical. Palpi elongate, very slender,
ultimate joint (exclusive of terminal bulb) very faintly shorter
than penultimate joint, which in turn is a fifth longer than the
antepenultimate joint; penultimate article gradually narrowing
in proximal two-fifths, more gradually so than in L, grandis;
antepenultimate joint very faintly arcuate.
Pronotum in general form as in L. grandis, but proportionately
smaller, more markedly constricted and substrangulate, thus
contrasting more strongly with the proportionately larger head;
greatest width contained one and one-quarter times in greatest
pronotal length; caudal margin of disk broadly obtuse-arcuate,
in profile dorsal line of pronotum is faintly and regularly arcuate:
lateral lobes in general as in L. grandis, ventral margin of same
low arcuate with an angulate tendency, ventro-cephalic and
ventro-caudal angles obtusely rounded. Mesonotum and meta-
notum with caudal margins arcuato-truncate; lateral margins
obliquely arcuate (mesonotum) to subtruncate (metanotum)
dorso-cephalad, ventro-cephalic angle strongly rounded, these
margins cingulate as in L. grandis.
Abdomen with ultimate tergite (supra-anal plate) relatively
small, elongate trigonal, sublinguiform in outline, apex rounded
acute, dorsal surface decidedly and entirely excavate, with an
impressed medio-longitudinal line in the same depression.
Antepenultimate abdominal tergite with its margin produced
mesad into a low trigonal, in profile deflexed, lobation, which is
narrowly transverse truncate at apex, where it is in contact with
a closely placed pair of low, small, but marked tubercles mesad
on the penultimate tergite. Cerci relatively stocky, short, but
slightly longer than the ultimate sternite, moderately incrassate
except for the tapering, compressed, laterad recurved apical sixth;
ventral surface longitudinally canaliculate except at extreme
base and apex; surface of cerci closely multipapillose. Infra-
cercal plates broad, meeting on median line in proximal half and
there subtectate, their internal margins separating in V-shaped
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
372 AMERICAN STENOPELMATINAE (oRTHOPTERA: TETTIGONIIDAE)
manner distad; divergent disto-lateral margins of plates obtusely
arcuate, disto-median angle sharp, virtually rectangulate. Ulti¬
mate abdominal sternite (subgenital plate) subcompressed,
scoop-like; in ventral view relatively broad proximad and
moderately narrowing distad, the lateral margins, which in profile
are otherwise largely straight oblique, terminate in dorsad
recurved, bluntly acute, well separated, subconical processes,
which are appreciably flattened transversely and supplied distad
with a number of short spiniform hairs; between these processes
the distal margin of sternite is subexcavate, and this area is
filled by a sharply differentiated linguiform lappet, which is
inverted subsellate in form, with its length hardly greater than
its width, its distal margin broadly rounded and its surface
distinctly polished: styles inserted briefly ventrad of the above
described subconical processes, relatively short, terete subfusi-
form, slightly depressed.
Prosternum with bispinations appreciably diverging distad.
Mesosternum with bispinations sharply diverging. Metaster¬
num with relatively smaller, erect bispinations, relatively close
together and hardly diverging distad.
Cephalic and median limbs proportionately more slender and
lighter in structure than m L. grandis. Cephalic femora subequal
to median length of pronotum and exposed section of mesonotum,
subequal in depth, faintly arcuate in profile, subcompressed,
unarmed ventrad: cephalic tibiae slightly longer than corre¬
sponding femora, dorsal surface with three spines (one distal)
on cephalic and one distad on caudal margin, ventral margins
and auditory foramina as in L. grandis, but the latter are pro¬
portionately smaller: median femora as described for L. grandis
but straighter: median tibiae proportioned and armed as in
L. grandis. Cephalic femora slightly shorter than body, general
structure and proportions as in L. grandis; genicular lobes spined
as in same species: caudal tibiae as in L, grandis but less robust,
less appreciably widened dorsad, dorso-external margin with ten
spaced fixed spines, dorso-internal margin with nine similar
spines, distal articulate spur-like spine on each dorsal margin as
in L, grandis; distal tibial spurs as in L, grandis but all somewhat
less robust and the median and ventral pairs slightly smaller
proportionately: caudal tarsi as in grandis but' distal joint
slightly shorter and lighter proportionately.
General base color of dorsum ochraceous-buff, light buff on
sides, venter and limbs; head, face, genae, most of pronotum,
mesonotum, metanotum and proximal abdominal tergites over¬
laid with ochraceous-tawny to deep mars brown. Head with
face and areas at mandibular bases and clypeus russet to mars
brown, paling on genae to tawny, occiput largely tawny; labrum
JAMES A. G. REHN
373
and palpi light buff; mandibles ferruginous becoming infuscated
distad; eyes bister; antennae tawny, proximal article light
ochraceous-buff, all lined more or less indefinitely with cinnamon-
brown. Pronotum nearly solidly dark as seen in dorsal aspect
with a fine medio-longitudinal pencilling of pale zinc orange;
lateral lobes dorsad of the color of disk, ventrad solidly of the
pale ventral color, this area not reaching caudal margin of lobes
and separated from caudal section of ventral margin by a partially
encircling arm of the dark dorsal color. Abdomen paling to
buckthorn brown distad, with cerci, infra-cercal plates and
ultimate sternite of the ventral pale color. Cephalic and median
femora distad and tibiae proximad washed with cinnamon-brown.
Caudal femora washed with hazel, progressively so distad and at
narrowest point deepening in tone nearly to cinnamon-brown,
apex above pale, genicular arches somewhat infuscate, ventro-
external face hardly darkened; caudal femora, except for the
pale distal extremity and an incomplete pregenicular annulus,
dresden brown, becoming cinnamon-brown on extensor surface;
spines buffy, tipped with fuscous; spurs of pale base color,
narrowly tipped with fuscous.
Length of body, 23.5 mm.; length of pronotum, 8; greatest
width of pronotum across lobes, 6.9; len^h of cephalic femur,
9.1; length of median femur, 9; length of caudal femur, 21;
length of caudal tibia, 19.7.
The type of this most interesting species is unique.
TRANS. AM. ENT. BOG., LVI.
REVISION OF THE ENDOMYCHID TRIBE LIESTHINI
WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS AND
A NEW SPECIES
(COLEOPTERA)
BY PRANK E. BLAISDELL, SR.
Stanford Medical School^ and California Academy of Sdencesy
San Frandscoy California
In 1837, Newman created the genus Phymaphora to receive the
genotype, P. pulchella; Ziegler in 1844 described puncticolliSy
referring it to the genus Lycoperdina; Melsheimer described
Lycoperdina crassicornis in 1847, which later was listed in the
Melsheimer Catalogue as Endomychus crassicornis, Ziegler, in
1845, also described another new endomychid as unicolory referring
it to the genus Lycoperdina, Two years later Melsheimer
characterized a supposedly new species as apicaliSy placing it as a
Lycoperdina; also indicating a new variety as pallidus. In 1853,
the genus Rhanis was erected by LeContc for unicolor as the geno¬
type and apicalis Melsheimer. In 1857, a species was described
as Phymaphora hcemorrhoidalis by Guerin; and in 1880, Dr.
George H. Horn described Phymaphora californica. The writer,
in 1916, collected a species in northern California, which is at the
present time described as constituting the type of a new genus and
a new species.
The material studied in the preparation of the present Re\dsion
consists of that in the Museum of the California Academy of
Sciences, which includes the collections of Dr. E. C. Van Dyke,
J. O. Martin, F. E. Blaisdell, Sr., Albert Koebele and Louis
Slevin. The above has been supplemented by a loan of the
specimens in the collection of the American Entomological
Society of Philadelphia, which included that of the Geo. H. Horn
collection with two paratypes of Phymaphora californica Horn.
Mr. E. R. Leach of Piedmont, CaUfornia, also submitted what
specimens he had in his collection.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
376 THE TRIBE LIESTHINI (cOLEOPTERA: ENDOMYCHIDAB)
All of the comparative measurements given in this paper have
been made from carefully prepared camera lucida tracings. The
species considered below belong to a group which constitute the
tribe Liesthini, of the Endomychidae.
Tribe Liesthini
All of the members of the tribe are smooth and shining, the
prevailing color varies from rufo-testaceous to rufo-ferruginous
and more or less ornate with piceous to black; in all the species
the pubescence is fine, very short, sparse, pale in color and in¬
conspicuous. Antennae 11-jointed. The essential character is
the insertion of the antennae before the inner border of the eyes,
under frontal margins that are slightly arcuate over the antennal
fossae as seen from the side, straight and convergent anteriorly
when viewed vertically from above. The mesosternum is
bistriate, the striae uniting anteriorly and enclosing a liguliform
space on the median line. The sculpturing consists of a fine,
sparse punctulation. The eyes are prominent, vertical and
feebly ovate. Epipleurae well defined.
Generic synopsis
Tarsi distinctly tetramerous
Anterior coxae contiguous; antennal club of male not modified; a
sixth abdominal segment present in both sexes; pronotal disk
with two longitudinal linear grooves extending from before
the base to the middle. Rhanis Ziegler
Anterior coxae separated by a prosternal process
Antennal club not modified in the male; small species, form
similar in the sexes. Stethorkanis new genus
Antennal club of the male dilated, flattened and specialized;
larger species. Phymaphora Newman
RHANIS Ziegler
1853. Rhanis LeConte, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, p. 3.60. [Genotype:
unicol&r].
Anterior coxae contiguous, not separated by a prosternal proc¬
ess; antennae similar in the sexes; eyes round. Pronotum with
two rather coarse anteriorly and slightly divergent, impressed,
linear grooves which extend from before the submarginal basal
impression to middle of the disk. Parasutural striae of the elytra
a little divergent from apex to base, passing arcuately lateral to
the scutellum to join the basal bead. Epipleurae evanescent a
FRANK E. BLAISDELL, SR.
377
short distance before the elytral apex. Legs moderately short;
femora gradually constricted in basal third and subclavate, the
anterior the least so; outer angle of the tibial apices rounded;
tibial spurs not visible. A small, round and pubescent foveate
impression on the metasternum at middle of the posterior margin
of each mesocoxa, another and smaller one in the extreme antero¬
lateral angle.
Male, Anterior tibiae with a small tooth slightly apical to the
middle on outer edge of inner surface. Fifth ventral abdominal
segment quite deeply, broadly and arcuately emarginate at
apex, exposing the sixth segment rather widely.
Female. Tibiae mutic, legs shorter. Fifth ventral segment
truncate at apex, briefly exposing the sixth segment.
Genotype: Rhanis unicolor Ziegler.
Rhanis unicolor (Ziegler) (PI. XV, fig. 4; text fig. 7.)
1845. Lycoperdina unicolor Ziegler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ii, Aug., p.
266.
1847. Lycoperdina apicalis Melsheimer, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iii, p.
177.
?1806. Endomychus fuscus Melsheimer, Cat. Ins. Penn., p. 27, no. 565. (not
descr.)
1853. Rhanis unicolor LeConte, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, p. 360, 1,
?1857. Phymaphora haemorrhoidalis Guerin, Thom. Archiv. Ent., i, p. 275.
1858. Rhanis unicolor Gerstaecker, Entomogr., p. 394. 1.
1873. Rhanis unicolor Crotch, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., iv, April, p. 362.
Form oblong-oval, moderately elongate, one and three-fourths
times as long as wide, elytra moderately narrowed from middle to
apex. Prevailing color rufous to rufo-ferruginous; head above
and under surface of body more or less suffused with piceous; un¬
der surface of head, prosternum and last three abdominal seg¬
ments usually paler; marginal beads sometimes more or less
piceous; elytra more or less nigro-piceous, usually paler at base
and apex, as well as along the suture, scutellum rufous to piceous;
antennae and legs more or less rufo-testaceous to rufo-piceous;
eyes black as usual.
Pubescence very short, fine, pale, sparse and very incon¬
spicuous, most abundant and a little longer on femora and tibiae;
posterior margin of propleurae fimbriate with longer hairs which
are appressed to the mesepistcrnum; apical margin of prosternum
likewise fimbriate with hairs appressed to gular surface; hairs
moderately abundant on fourth and fifth abdominal segments.
Head transverse, usually well retracted into the prothorax,
even to the eyes, as wide as pronotal apex; frons feebly and
evenly convex; sides quite straight, convergent and finely beaded
before the eyes, as viewed from above; surface sparsely and very
finely punctulate; frontal suture distinct, eve^y arcuate and
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
378 THE TRIBE LIESTHINI (COLEOPTERAI ENDOMYCHIDAE)
feebly impressed; clypeus transverse, sides straight and anteriorly
convergent, apex truncate, surface similar to the frons; labrum
slightly transverse with apex evenly arcuate. Eyes moderately
small and prominent, rather coarsely faceted and slightly ir¬
regularly rounded in outline. Antennae moderately long, ex¬
tending almost to the pronotal base, club three-jointed, funicle
rather slender; first joint slightly robust, second, third and fifth
rather elongate, second and third about twice as long as wide and
subcylindrical, fifth about a half longer than wide, remaining
funicular joints similar in form and length, scarcely longer than
wide; club elongate, ninth joint triangular, scarcely longer than
wide, tenth triangular and wider than long, about a third wider
than the ninth, eleventh slightly oboval, not wider than the
tenth and about a third longer than wide.
Pronotum about a third wider than long, widest at or slightly
before the middle, not as wide as the elytra; apex slightly arcuate,
becoming broadly and feebly sinuate toward the obtusely rounded
apical angles, which are not the least prominent anteriorly, mar¬
gin very finely beaded; sides evenly and moderately arcuate in
apical two-thirds, thence a little convergent, feebly and broadly
sinuate, becoming parallel before the slightly acute basal angles,
marginal bead moderately fine and not broadened before the
base; the latter about a fourth wider than the apex, transverse,
slightly sinuate in outer fourths, rendering the angles a little
prominent posteriorly, marginal bead narrow and slightly re¬
flexed; disk evenly and moderately convex, rather arcuately
declivous antero-laterally, also posteriorly between the obsoles¬
cent carinae bounding the basal impressions laterally; the latter
rather broadly impressed and concave at bottom; narrowly and
transversely impressed against the basal bead; two coarse and
longitudinal linear impressions begin at the,anterior margin of
the transverse basal impression, each about opposite the lateral
angles of the scutellum and extending anteriorly with slight
divergence to about the middle of the disk; surface sparsely,
finely and evenly punctulate, that which is lateral to the basal
impressions and carinae scarcely inwardly declivous.
Elytra about two-thirds longer than wide, widest at or slightly
before middle, at base a little wider than pronotal base; base
transverse, beaded, posterior margin of bead coarsely crenate on
posterior margin; humeri obtuse and not in the least prominent;
sides broadly and moderately arcuate, converging a little ante¬
riorly to base, less strongly and more gradually so to the obtusely
rounded apex; a few widely spaced, small and short setae are
scattered along margin in apical third; disk moderately convex
on dorsum, more strongly and arcuately declivous laterally,
very gradually less arcuate apically, surface finely, sparsely and
evenly punctate; parasutural striae rather fine, not strongly
FRANK E. BLAISDELL; SR.
379
impressed, entire, subparallel, slightly divergent from apex to
base, passing arcuately lateral to scutellum to join the basal
bead. Scutellum a little transverse with apex rounded.
Under surface of body very sparsely, irregularly and obsoletely
punctulate. Mesosternal striae (Text fig. 7) subparallel, slightly
arcuate, becoming more convergent in anterior third and arcuately
continuous at apex, interstrial surface glabrous and more or less
plane. Legs rather short; hind tarsi about two-thirds the length
of their tibia.
Male. A little more elongate, elytra rather more narrowed
apically. First abdominal segment about as long as the second
and third taken together; second, third and fourth subequal in
length; fifth deeply, broadly and evenly arcuately emarginate
at apex, at middle equal to length of fourth; sixth segment not
quite equal to the combined length of the fourth and fifth at
middle. Legs slightly longer, femora more evidently subclavate;
dorsal border of anterior femora quite strongly arcuate; anterior
tibiae subcylindrical in basal half with a distinct bend close to
the articulation and a subacute tooth just beyond middle on
inner side.
Female. Somewhat less elongate, eyes more convex beneath.
Elytra rather less narrowed apically. First abdominal segment
behind the coxae about as long as the second and third taken
together, the latter subequal in length; fifth broadly arcuato-
truncate at apex and about a half longer than the fourth; sixth,
segment briefly exposed. Legs shorter, femora less subclavate.
Measurements. Length 2.5 mm.; width 1.2 mm.
Type .—Sex not given; collected in Pennsylvania.'^
Location of type not known to the author. It must have been
more or less immature. It was described as ‘^reddish-yellow”
in color with the antennae yellowish-brown. No special mention
was made regarding the color of the elytra, which must have
been of similar color to warrant the specific name. Fully pig¬
mented specimens have the elytra dark piceous to black, with
the basal and apical areas more or less pale.
Distribution .—New York: Central, Aug. 9, 1891. Maryland:
Plummer's Island, May 30, 1909, [Blaisdell]. District of Colum¬
bia. Pennsylvania: Lawndale, Aug. 5, 1912, (G. M. Greene),
[Coll. Amer. Ent. Soc.]. North Carolina: Black Mountains,
September 25, (Beutenmuller). Louisiana: (Hart.). Virginia:
Fredericksburg, May, 1902.
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVl.
380 THE TRIBE LIESTHINI (COLEOPTERAI ENDOMYCHIDAE)
Notes, —^The genus Rhanis is monotypic. I have been unable
to find any mention in the literature of a sixth abdominal segment.
It is surprising that it should have been overlooked in this
American genus.
In unicolor the dark color of the el 3 rtra varies greatly and on
account of this fact Melsheimer described the following species,
only the color being considered as germane to the present dis¬
cussion:
L. apicalis. Testaceous yellow; elytra black, with the apex testaceous;
scutellum black.
He indicated also the following:
Var. o. Entirely testaceous.
Endomychus pallidus is mentioned in his manuscript, which
I consider a case of immaturity and as such is not uncommon.
The eleven specimens before me, belonging to the American
Entomological Society, consist of eight males and three females;
seven of these are labelled ‘‘Horn Coll., H 3178.^' Three speci¬
mens show immaturity, one being entirely pale testaceous in
color, the other two show some piceous clouding of the elytra in
basal half; the other eight have the elytra dark piceous and
distinctly rufous at apex and base.
STETHORHANIS new genus
Anterior coxae separated by a prosternal process, antennae
similar in the sexes; eyes unevenly rounded at base; maxillary
palpi 4-jointed, first joint short and minute, the others incrassate,
fourth subconical, flattened and rounded at apex. Epipleurae
well defined, becoming evanescent opposite th^ apex of the fourth
ventral segment. Metasternum with a small, round impressed
pubescent fovea against the middle of middle coxae; another in
its extreme antero-lateral angle. Apex of fourth ventral ab¬
dominal segment transverse and straight; fifth rounded at apex;
a sixth segment not visible. Legs rather short, anterior and
middle femora subclavate, the posterior longer and clavate;
external angle of the tibiae rounded with the apex; anterior
trochanters with a small subacute setigerous dentiform projection.
Male, Anterior and posterior tibiae narrow and cylindrical
in basal half; the anterior slightly arcuate and with a minute
dentiform salient at inner apical angle; middle tibiae straight and
very gradually widened to apex.
Female, Tibiae mutic, straight and very gradually widened
to apex.
Genotype: Stethorhanis vandykei new species.
FBANK E. BLAISDELL, SB.
381
StethorhanU vandykei aew species (PI. XV, fig. 1; text figs. 5,10,11.)
Form oblong-oval, slightly robust, one-half longer than wide,
less elongate than Rhanis unicolor Ziegler which it resembles more
than Phymaphora Newman; glabrous and shining throughout.
Color varying from lighter to darker rufous, with a feeble longi¬
tudinal piceous cloud on the mid-line of the pronotum; each
elytron with similar postbasal cloud and anotW at posterior
third, these may connect by diffusion, usually obsolescent;
sterna more or less clouded with piceous. Pubescence very
short, pale, sparse and very inconspicuous, evenly distributed.
Head transverse, as wide as pronotal apex; frons evenly convex,
very finely and sparsely punctulate; sides before the eyes straight
and moderately convergent; frontal suture distinct, arcuate
and moderately impressed; clypeus transverse, sides straight
and convergent, apex transverse. Eyes moderate in size,
strongly convex, prominent and rather coarsely faceted.
Antennae moderate in length, about equal in length to width
of pronotum, last three joints forming a club; visible portion of
the first joint short and robust, a little longer than the second;
the latter to the fifth inclusive, short and slightly obconical;
second about twice as long as wide, a little stouter than either
of the succeeding six joints, third about as long as the second,
fourth and fifth about as long as wide; sixth, seventh and eighth
more rounded and as long as wide; ninth and tenth transverse,
ninth a little more than twice as wide as the eighth, tenth wider
than the ninth and eleventh, the latter short oval, about a third
longer than wide and as wide as tenth, slightly narrowed and
rounded at apex.
Pronotum about a half wider than long, widest before the
middle; apex transverse, emarginate between the rather obtuse
and prominent angles; sides evenly arcuate in anterior two-
thirds, thence straighter and slightly convergent, becoming
subparallel before the basal angles, which are rectangular; base
transverse, a little wider than apex and rather coarsely beaded;
disk rather moderately convex anteriorly, less so posteriorly and
feebly declivous toward base within the lateral carinae, the
latter bound the distinct basal impressions laterally; surface
narrowly impressed before the basal bead between the carinae,
impression bipunctate, punctures quite equidistant with the
carinae, the latter well marked and almost a third as long as the
disk; surface very sparsely punctulate, punctules somewhat
variable in size, that between the carinae and lateral beads not
impressed.
TaiUIS. AM. KNT. 800., LVI.
382 THE TRIBE UE8THINI (cOLBOPTBBA: BNDOMTCHIDAB)
Elytra about one-half longer than wide, widest at middle
and about two and a half times longer than the prothorax; base
equal to that of pronotum; sides moderately strongly and evenly
arcuate to about posterior third, thence more gradually arcuate
and convergent to the subparabolically rounded apex; disk
moderately convex on the dorsum, more strongly so and areuately
declivous laterally, parasutural striae well impressed, entire,
slightly divergent from apex to base, ending against the scutellum;
surface finely, irregularly and sparsely punctulate. Scutellum
transverse and rounded at apex.
Under surface of the body glabrous and extremely finely to
obsoletely, sparsely punctulate. Mesosternal striae subparallel,
converging anteriorly and areuately united beneath apex of the
prosternal process, interstrial surface plane (Text fig. 5). First
abdominal segment behind the coxae as long as second and third
taken together; third and fourth subequal and together about
equal to length of fifth.
Legs moderately short, femora slightly inflated in apical two-
thirds; posterior tibiae slender, slightly and gradually widened
apically, the anterior dissimilar in the sexes (Text fig. 11).
Tarsi about two-thirds the length of their tibia. Tibial spurs not
visible.
Sexual characters are only observed in the anterior tibiae:
Male. Anterior tibiae (Text fig. 10) slightly arcuate, a little
dilated in apical half and slightly arcuate on inner surface, a small
dentiform salient present at inner apical angle; narrower and
more rounded in basal half, noticeably slightly bisinuate on
inner surface.
Measurements. (Holotype), Length 2.4 mm.; width 1 mm.
Holotype. —Male, no. 2653, and allotype, female, no. 2654, in
the author’s collection. Museum of the California Academy of
Sciences. Collected by F. E. Blaisdell, June 11, 1916, at Green
Point Ranch, on Redwood Creek, Humboldt County, California.
Paratype. —One female, with the same data as the types.
Habitat. —On fungus beneath bark.
From other members of the tribe Liesthini, vandykd can be
recognized by its pale color, shorter and more robust form. From
Rhanis unicolor it is separated by the presence of a prosternal
process between the anterior coxae; from the species of Phyma-
phora by its small size, uniform color and similarity of the anten¬
nae in the sexes.
FRANK E. BLAISDELL, SR.
383
PHYMAPHORA Newman
1837. Phymaphora Newman, Ent. Mag., v, p. 389. [Genotype: pvlcheUa,
Male figured].
1853. Phymaphora LeConte, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, p. 360, 1.
1858. Phymaphora Gerstsiecker, Entomogr., p. 397, 1.
1873. Phymaphora Crotch, Trane. Amer. Ent. Soc., iv, April, pp. 359-362.
Anterior coxae separated by a prosternal process (Text fig. 6),
antennae dissimilar in the sexes. Eyes unevenly and slightly
ovate in basal outline. Muzzle short; maxillary palpi 4-jointed,
first joint very small and slender, the others incrassate, the third
short and obconical, fourth conical with apex truncate; labial
palpi 3-jointed, first joint shortest, the second incrassate, third
subconical. Newman states that the mandibles (Text fig. 14)
are strong with apices incurved, bifid, with two minute teeth
within and subapical, then an increase in diameter due to the
presence of a large membranous lobe, base prominent within due
to a serrulate molar; maxillary lacinia small, linear with apex
pilose; galea similar, a little larger and a little longer. The
parasutural striae slightly divergent anteriorly from apex to base,
and terminate against the scutellum; superior margin of epipleurae
well defined, evanescent opposite apex of third ventral abdominal
segment; ventral sutures straight, fifth ventral arcuate at apex.
Legs moderate in length; femora clavate, the posterior attain
apex of the fourth ventral segment; outer apical angle of tibiae
rounded; tibial spurs not visible.
Male, Legs longer, femora narrowed at base; middle tibiae
with a small tooth near tip and on the posterior a slight angulation
at apical third. Antennal club 4-jointed, greatly dilated and
flattened, concave beneath and capable of flexion, apparently
to grasp the antennal club of female.
Female, Antennal club 3-jointed, not modified nor specialized;
anterior tibiae mutic.
Genotype; Phymaphora pulchella Newman.
Phymaphora pulchella Newman (PL XV, fig. 2; text figs. 6, 13, 14.)
1837. Phymaphora pvlcheUa Newman, Ent. Mag., v, p. 389. [Male figured].
1844. Lycoperdina puncticoUis Ziegler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ii, p. 271.
1847, Lycoperdina crasaicomis Melsheimer, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iii,
p. 176, 4.
?1806. Endomychua crassicomis Melsheimer, Cat. Ins. Penn., p. 27. [not
descr.].
Form oblong-suboval, slightly more than one-half longer than
wide. Color rufous to rufo-ferruginous, sometimes paler from
immaturity; upper surface of head, marginal beads, scutellum
and under surface of body, especially the meso- and metathorax
and parapleutae, more or less tinged with piceous; eyes black
TRANS. AN. ENT. SOC., LVI.
384 THE TRIBE LIESTHINI (COLEOPTERA: ENDOMYCHIDAE)
as usual. Pronotum with a median nigro-piceous cloud varying
more or less in extent, usually sharply defined at sides. Elytra
ornate with a broad transverse nigro-piceous fascia, the greater
part of which extends before the middle, borders of which are
more or less undulated; another fascia of similar color transversely
involves the apex, anterior border of which is more or less lobed
in lateral thirds of the width, narrower than the median fascia;
the two fasciae may connect along the lateral margins, at times
extending along the suture, involving the interstrial space
even to the scutellum. In immature specimens the dark areas
are more or less obsolescent. Pubescence fine, very short, pale
and very inconspicuous; longer on the antennae, clypeus and
labrum.
Head transverse, usually more or less retracted to the eyes
within the prothorax, about twice as wide as long; sides of frons
before the eyes very short and convergent, finely beaded; muzzle
quadrate, sides of clypeus straight and parallel; frons slightly
convex, most so on the vertex, broadly, feebly impressed and
very slightly declivous between the feebly marked supra-antennal
convexities, sparsely and evenly punctate, punctures small;
frontal suture arcuate and distinct; clypeus transversely oblong,
apex truncate; labrum transverse, apex evenly arcuate. Eyes
rather abruptly prominent, unevenly rounded at base and scarcely
oval, facets moderate in size. Submental region transversely
prominent at base of mentum and declivous with the transversely
impressed gular region. Antennae dissimilar in the sexes.
Pronotum subquadrate, widest in apical third, narrowed
posteriorly, about a third wider than long, base about a fourth
wider than apex, the latter transverse in feeble circular arc and
briefly sinuate within the angles, not beaded; apical angles
obtusely rounded and not prominent; sides moderately and evenly
arcuate in apical half, thence straight and convergent, somewhat
feebly and broadly sinuate to the basal angles, marginal bead
rather strong, very gradually broader at base; basal angles
rectangular; base transverse, marginal bead rather wide and flat
between the very short discal carinae, its surface shows a row of
punctules; disk moderately convex, slightly declivous and
broadly, extremely feebly impressed at the apical angles, notice¬
ably, but feebly declivous posteriorly between the rather strong
basal impressions, the latter bounded laterally by short and more
or less obsolescent carinae; surface lateral to the carinae scarcely
inwardly declivous; narrowly and strongly transversely im¬
pressed before the basal bead, floor of impression equidistantly
punotulate between the carinae, the two median punctules op¬
posite to the basal angles of the scutellum; general surface very
finely, sparsely punctulate. Median line of the disk somewhat
broadiy and evanescently impressed in middle third.
FRANK E. BLAISDELL, SR.
385
Elyira widest at about the middle, two-thirds longer than wide
and two and three-fourths times as long as the pronotum; sides
broadly arcuate, converging a little toward base, more gradually
so to the rounded apex; parasutural striae moderately impressed,
entire, slightly but gradually divergent from apex to base, ending
against the scutellum; el 3 rtral base a little wider than that of the
pronotum, humeri rounded; surface evenly, finely and sparsely
punctate. Scutellum slightly transverse, apex rather paraboli-
cally arcuate with sides slightly incurved at base, surface with
few punctules, a very small elytral setigerous puncture against
the basal angles.
Under surface of body very finely, sparsely and obsoletely
punctulate. Abdominal surface extremely finely and micro¬
scopically reticulate; length of ventral segments somewhat
different in the sexes. Legs moderate in length, somewhat
subclavate, especially the posterior which are noticeably narrowed
in basal half; anterior femora somewhat inflated and not clavate.
Fifth abdominal ventral rounded at apex; hind tarsi a little less
than two-thirds the length of their tibia.
Male. Recognized by the greatly dilated and flattened, 4-
jointed antennal club. Antennae a little longer than the head
and prothorax and quite equal to the elytral width; club distinctly
longer than the funicle; first joint of the latter stout, a little
longer than wide, second less so and slightly stouter than the
following joints, about equal in length to the third and fourth
taken together, but slightly wider; joints three to seven inclusive
transverse, quite equal in width and length; first joint of the
club very short and transverse, second very large and nearly equal
to the combined length of the third and fourth, its anterior border
as long as the terminal joint, the third transverse, about one-half
as long as the greatest length of the second; third and fourth a
little narrower than the second, fourth irregularly rounded and
scarcely wider than long. Second, third and fourth ventral
abdominal segments quite equal in length, fifth about equal to
the combined length of second and fourth. Anterior tibiae
mutic, merely a slight thickening noticeable; middle with a small
tooth near apex and on the posterior a slight angulation at apical
third.
Female. Antennal club 3-jointed and unmodified; first and
second joints transverse and subequal in length (Text fig. 13),
third irregularly rounded. First funicular joint stout, second
obconical and about a half longer than wide, as long as the width
of the first; joints three to seven inclusive subequal in length and
width, eighth a little larger and about as long as wide. Third
and fourth ventral abdominal segments equal in length, second
slightly longer, fifth about equal to the third and fourth taken
together. Tibiae mutic.
TRANS. AM. RNT. 80C., LVI.
386 THE TBIBE LIESTHINI (cOLEOPTEBA: ENDOMYCHIDAE)
Measurements. Length 3.2 to 3.5 mm.; width 1.4 to 1.2 mm.
Type. —Male. According to the Supplementa Entomologica
(WaJther Horn), the Edward Newman collection “ex parte via
Ent. Club an Brit. Mus., ex parte via Hope an Hope Mus.
Oxford.” Mr. Doubleday collected three specimens at Trenton
Falls (type locality), New Jersey.
Distribution .—“Eastern States.” New York: Buffalo, [Coll.
Amer. Ent. Soc.]; Hamburg, Nov. 27, 1901, (E. P. Van Duzee).
Pennsylvania: Bear Lake. Virginia: [Coll. Amer. Ent. Soc.].
The Leng Catalogue gives “Middle and Southern States; In¬
diana, Canada and Manitoba.” Blatchley states that it is
scarce in Possey County, Indiana, May 11, and usually occurs
on old beach logs.
In the small series before me, belonging to the American
Entomological Society, three are males and five, females. Three
are labelled “Horn Coll., H 3179.” Three of the specimens
are from Virginia and all have the head piceous in color; one has
the scutellum and the entire elytral suture blackish. Two of the
eight specimens are moderately immature. The discal pronotal,
oval, black cloud is well marked in five of the specimens, in four
occupying the middle third and in one the cloud is broader and
more oblong, located in the middle two-fourths of the disk.
Notes.—The species described by Ziegler and Melsheimer
are only color variations and therefore forms and synonyms.
In order to render the characters upon which they are based
directly accessible, I shall review them as follows, giving first of
all Newman’s original description of his genotype:
Phym. Pulchella. Loetk ferruginea, glabra, nitida; ocidis vertiee, elytrorum
fasdd UUA medkmA alterague ajricali nigris: Elytra jtixla euturam utringue
profundi l-striata (Gorp. long. .15 unc.: lat. .05 unc.).
From what I have indicated in the above specific description,
the species varies in extent of the nigropiceous maculation, the
general coloration being more or less suffused with piceous.
The essential characters of Ziegler’s species are as follows:
Puncticollis Ziegler: Thoracic disk and two spots on each
elytron black. A large black oblong-oval spot, arising from base
of the pronotum and extending to or beyond the middle. Scutel¬
lum blackish brown. The elytral two black spots confluent on
the lateral margin and suture, the smaller one placed at tip
FRANK E. BLAISDELL, SR.
387
and the other in the middle; posterior margins of the three first
ventral segments blackish. Length lines; breadth ^ lines.
He indicated the two following varieties:
Var. a. Antennal club and head tinged with black.
Var. b. Thoracic spot broader, less regularly formed, and reaching near the
apex; the spots on the elytra run nearly together, having but a small space
between them.
Melsheimer’s species was based upon the following variation in
maculation:
Crassicomis Melsh.—Disk of the thorax, a fascia and tip of
the elytra, black. Head frequently dusky; thorax with the disk
black; scutellum black; elytra with a broad common fascia on the
middle, apex and anterior portion of the suture, sometimes its
entire length, black. 1. long. The following variety was
defined by him:
Var. a. Smaller; apex of the elytra and scutellum color of the elytra.
It is to be understood that the general character of form, punc¬
tuation and pubescence are the same in all the specimens; the
coloration in all cases varies from rufotestaceous to rufo-ferru-
ginous and the characters used by Ziegler and Melsheimer are
based upon the degree of diffusion of the dark markings with
tinging by piceous. These all constitute what I term forms:
specific units which vary in some degree of body form, size, color
or sculpturing from the type. I have before me specimens in
which the dark markings are absent, these are either immature or
are instances where pigmentation failed to develope for some
reason, probably from an environmental or meteorological
condition, one or both. The bibliography gives the changes in
nomenclature.
Phymaphora californica Horn (PI. XV, fig. 3; text Rgs. 8, 9, 12.)
1880. Phymaphora califomica Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., viii, May, pp.
142-143, PI. 3, fig. 6o [male].
Form oblong-suboval, slightly more than one-half longer than
wide. Color rufous to rufo-ferruginous, sometimes rufo-tes-
taceous; marginal beads, occiput, scutellum and under surface
of body, may be more or less tinged with piceous; eyes black;
pronotum with a median nigro-piceous cloud varying more or
less in size, at times extending from apex to base; elytra with a
broad transverse nigro-piceous median fascia, borders of which
are more or less strongly undulate, another narrower one in¬
volving the apex, laterally the two fasciae may connect along the
lateral margins, at times extending along the suture to the scutel-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOO., LVE.
388 THE TRIBE LIESTHINI (COLEOPTERA: ENDOMYCHIDAE)
lum; in immature specimens these dark areas may be more or less
obsolescent. Pubescence more or less evenly distributed, fine,
pale, very short and extremely inconspicuous, slightly longer on
clypeus and labrum.
Head transverse, as wide as the prothoracic apex; sides almost
straight and convergent before the eyes, finely beaded; frons
slightly convex, most so on the vertex, sparsely and evenly
punctate, punctures small; frontal suture arcuate and distinct;
clypeus transverse, sides straight and anteriorly convergent,
apex truncate; labrum convex and arcuate at apex. Eyes
prominent, slightly oval at base, facets moderate in size; base
of mentum and maxillae transversely prominent, submental
region declivous, gular surface transversely impressed. Anten¬
nae dissimilar in the sexes.
Pronotum subquadrate, widest at apical third, narrowed
posteriorly, about a fourth wider than long, base slightly wider
than the apex; the latter broadly and feebly emarginate between
the scarcely prominent and obtusely rounded angles, not dis¬
tinctly beaded; sides less than moderately arcuate in apical half,
thence feebly convergent, almost straight to feebly sinuate
before the rectangular basal angles, marginal beads widening to
base opposite the basal impressions; base transverse, marginal
bead rather broad and flat between the carinae, surface with
few scattered punctulee; disk moderately convex, slightly
declivous antero-apically, very slightly and broadly declivous
basally between the lateral basal impressions, the latter moder¬
ately deep and concave, bounded laterally by the short carinae;
surface between the carinae and lateral marginal beads feebly
or scarcely impressed; rather narrowly and transversely impressed
before the basal bead, the impression with a row of widely spaced
punctures. General surface sparsely and evenly punctate,
punctures small, slightly larger centrally.
Elytra widest at about the middle, about a third longer than
wide, moderately and evenly convex; sides rather evenly and
moderately arcuate, converging a little to base, evenly arcuate
and gradually convergent to the rounded apex; parasutural
striae well impressed, diverging a little from apex to base, ending
against the scutellum; surface finely, somewhat distantly punc¬
tate. Scutellum slightly transverse, apex arcuate, sides slightly
incurved at base; surface with few punctules; a small punctiform
elytral impression against the sides at base.
Under surface of the body very finely and sparsely punctulate>
punctules slightly coarser on prosternum. Abdominal surface
very finely microscopically reticulate. Legs moderate in length,
femora somewhat subclavate, especially the posterior which are
noticeably narrowed in basal half. Posterior tarsi two-thirds
the length of their tibia.
FRANK E. BLAISDELL, SR.
389
Male, Recognized by the greatly dilated and flattened anten¬
nal club, the joints concave beneath. Antennae a little longer
than the head and prothorax, about equal to the width of elytra,
club and funicle quite equal in length. Club 4-jointed, first
joint very short and transverse, second suddenly larger with its
posterior side longer than the anterior, third equally broad, much
shorter and as long as anterior border of the second, fourth a little
narrower, slightly wider than long and somewhat irregularly
rounded apically; joints of the funicle almost as long as wide,
subequal in width, the second a little longer than any of the
following joints. Third and fourth ventral abdominal segments
together subequal to the second; the first behind the coxae and
the fifth, each about equal to the combined length of the third
and fourth. The anterior tibiae armed with a small tooth on
inner side near tip; a small tooth near tip of the middle tibiae and
a slight angulation at apical third of posterior tibiae. Posterior
femora rather elongate.
Female, Unmodified 4-jointed antennal club (Text fig. 12)
and mutic femora. Third and fourth ventral abdominal seg¬
ments equal, second slightly longer; first segment behind the
coxae about equal to the combined length of the second and third;
fifth about a half longer than the fourth.
Measurements, (Male) Length 3, 5 mm. (Horn.)
Holotype, —Male, in the Horn Collection of the American
Entomological Society, collected by H. K. Morrison, at San
Francisco, California. [Type No. 3162.]
Paratypes ,—Two females, nos. 3162-2 and 3162-3, also in the
Horn Collection; collected by Morrison in Nevada.
Distribution ,—The series in the collection of the Museum of the
California Academy of Sciences, present the following distribu¬
tional data:
California: Hills back of Oakland, Alameda County (Van
Dyke). Muir Woods, Marin County, May 4, 1913 (Martin).
Santa Cruz County, Nov. 16,1919. Strawberry Valley, Eldorado
County (Van Dyke). Carville, Trinity County (Van Dyke).
Dunsmuir, Siskiyou County, May 27, 1914. Atwood’s Mill,
Tulare County, July 6, 1913. Lake Tahoe, Eldorado County,
June 15-27, 1913. Sequoia National Park, alt. 7000-8000 ft.
Huntington Lake, Fresno County, July 15, 1919, alt. 7000 ft.
(Van Duzee). Blood’s Meadow [now Lombardi’s Meadow],
Alpine County, July 15, alt. 7000 ft. (Blaisdell).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC., LVI.
390 THE TBIBE LIESTHINI (cOLEOPTERA: ENDOMTCHIBAEJ
The material in the loan from the American Entomological
Society presents the following additional distributional and
variational facts:
California, 2; Washington, 1; J^evada, 2.
The series including the paratypes consists of seven specimens:
six females and one male. Nevada specimens are more strongly
and slightly more coarsely punctured and, the lateral pronotal
margins opposite to the basal impressions are rather more strongly
reflexed, than in the California specimens. The two California
and the Washington specimen bear the “Horn Coll., H 3160”
label. One of the California specimens is ver jdmmature and of
a pale testaceous color, with this exception the general coloration
is rufo-ferruginous, var 3 dng slightly in degree. The maculation
is dark piceous to black, sharply defined, consisting of the usual
broad median transverse vitta, the apical spot, on the el 3 rtra,
connected more or less narrowly along the lateral margins and
on the suture; the resulting enclosed pale spots varying in size.
The median, oval, black discal pronotal cloud is sharply defined
and does not attain the apical nor the basal margin, but shows
some variation in size. The only exception, is the Washington
specimen, here the discal spot is absent and there is a moderate
diffused piceous tinge to the whole disk.
The chief differences between the two species of Phymaphora
may be expressed in the following synoptical statement of the
male characters:
Antennal club distinctly longer than the funicle; second joint
very large and nearly equal to the third and fourth together;
anterior tibiae mutic. pulchella Newman
Antennal club quite equal to the funicle in length; second joint
smaller, about as long as the terminal joint; anterior tibiae
armed with a small salient on inner side near apex.
californica Horn
The two species are quite alike in character of body form, color,
maculation, punctuation and pubescence.
Explanation of Plate XV
Fig. 1.— Stethorhanis vandykci new 8}:>ecies. (X 25.)
Fig. 2.— Phyniaphora pulchdla Newman. (X 25.)
Fig. 3.— Phyrnaphora califomica. (X 24.)
Fig. 4.— Rhanis unicolor Ziegler. (X 30.)
Fig. 5.—Camera lucida outlines of pro- and mesosternum of Stethorhanis
vandykei. Fig. 6.—Same of Phymap?Lora pulchclla. Fig. 7.—Same of Rhanis
unicolor. Fig. 8.—Same of Phyniaphora californica. Fig. 9.—Same of a
variant of Phymaphora California. Fig. 10.—Anterior tibia and tarsi of
Stethorhanis vandykei y male. Fig. 11.—Anterior tibia of Stethorhanis vandykei y
female. Fig. 12.—Right antenna of Phymaphora californicay female. Fig.
13.—Left antenna of Phymaphora pulckellay female. Fig. 14.—Mandible of
Phymaphora pulchella, after Newman.
INDEX
New names are followed by the name of the author within parentheses ().
An asterisk (*) denotes that a figure is referred to on that page. Names and
page numbers in italics refer to synonyms.
An index to the species of the genus Megachile will be found on pages
303-305.
abdimirudiSf Longina . 312
abdominalis, Lytogaster, PhUy-
gria . 104
aberrans, Lithocolletis (Braun).. 12
adversa, Stomopteryx (Braun).. 7
aenea, Pelina, NotiphUa .104
aenescens, Pelina, Telmatobia ... 105
aeripennis, Grallomyia.340
alaris, Pelmatosilpha, Periplaneta 42
albipalpus, Lamproblatta. ... 31 *, 55
albukLy Ephydra . 113
alni, Lithocolletis. 11
alnicolella, Lithocolletis. 11
altemata, Rainieria. 320
ambiguus, Omus. 77*
Amblychila, List of species. 77
amelanchierella, Telphusa
(Braun). 6
Anacampsis (see conclusella,
grissefasciella, tephriasella)
ancistroides, Lamproblatta
(Rehn). 33*
angulata, Taeniaptera, Calobata. 351
angusto-cylindricus, Omus.79*
onnwZoto, Calobata . 338
annidata, Grallomyia . 361
anomalay Philotelrm . 120
anthyllidella, Stomopteryx. 8
apatela, Poroblatta. 60
apiccUiSy Lycoperdina . 377
Apotetamenus. 364
(see also clipeatus)
appendiculata, Micropeza, Ncn-
ocephalus .357
aquila, Parvdra. Evhvdra . 105
argentata, Brachydeutera. 105
Aristotelia (see callirrhoda, les-
pedezae, psoraleae, roseo-
suifusella)
arthritica, Calobata, Plocoscelus. 331
aterrima, Pelmatosilpha, Pcn-
planeta .43*
Atrytonopsis (see lunus)
audouini, Omus. 77*
avinoflB, Erebia (Holland). 151
Axysta (see cesta)
Baccha (see lugubris, nodosa.
tristis)
bakeri, Styphon (Rehn). 63*
baracoa, Rainieria, Systellapha. . 318
beckeri, Coenia, Coenia. 118
belzebul, Scipopus, Cahhata .... 326
biannulata, Micropeza. 359
bidentata, Epermenia. 14
Blatta (see meridionalis)
Blattidae. 19
bonitoensis, Grallomyia (Cres-
Bon). 339
borealis, Omus.77*
BracharUichir . 314
(see also robusta)
Brachydeutera (see argentata)
bracteata, Rainieria, Calobatay
Systellapha .319
breviventris, Setacera, Pphydra. 117
brunnipennis, Scatella. 126
buccatay Scatella . 121
Bucculatrix (see fugitans)
buseki, Grallomyia (Cresson)... 342
394
INDEX
Cacomyia (Hull). 146
{see also cressoni)
Caenia (see bockeri, curvicauda,
fumosa)
califomicus, Omus.73*
californica^ Phymaphora.387*
callichromaf Calobaia . $46
callirrhoda, Aristotelia. 3
callosicosta, Scatella. 123
Calobata.309, 362
(see also angulata, annulata,
arthritica, bclzebul, bracte-
ata, callichroma, cyaneiven-
tris, diversa, erythrocephala,
flavipes, guttipennis, ich-
neumonea, lasciva, longipes,
lunata, munda, nebulosa,
placida, platycnema, poda-
grica, punctipennis, rufifa-
cics, stellata, tarsata, tes-
tacea, tctrastigma, vittipen-
nis)
cantata, Systellapha. 323
Cardiacephala. 330
(see also longipes, myrmex,
nigra, triluminata)
Cariblatta (see faticana)
cartaboensis, Scipopus. 326
caviceps, Scatophila, Ephydra. .. 131
ccltifoliella, LithocoUetis. 14
Cerantichir . 314
(see also fiavifrons)
Cerberus, Licodia (Rehn).369*
Ceriogaster. 144
cesta, Axysta, Ephydra . 101
Chloropleca. 16
chlorosa, Volucella (Hull). 148
Chremon (Rehn). 87
(see also repentinua)
Cicindela, List of species. 79
(see also pigmentoHsignata)
Cicindelidae of North America,
List. 73
citatus, Tenthes (Cresson).355
Cliobata.324
(see also guttulipennis)
Cliopeza . S66
clipeatus, Apotetamenus.365
coarctata, Napaea, Ephydra .... 106
Coenia (see beckeri, curvicauda,
fumosa, palustris)
comis, Ptilosphen (Cresson).... 347
communis, Fergus. 138
conclusella, Anacampsis. 8
conifer, Mitromyia (Cresson)... 329
consimilis, Recurvaria (Braun).. 5
consors, Napaea (Cresson). Ill
conveniens, Ptilosphen, Calohala 348
convexa, Pelmatosilpha. 38
Cosmopterygidae. 9
Cosmopteryx (see magophila)
crassicomist EndomychuSy Lyco--
perdina . S83
cressoni, Cacom 3 ria (Hull).147*
cribrata, Scatophila, Ephydra. .. 129
cristulata, Systellapha.322
crotalariella, Stomopter 3 rx. 8
CryogonuB. 361
(see also formicarius, reedi)
cubensis, Nesomylacris. 25
cxmilae, Stephensia (Braun).... 9
curvicauda, Coenia, Ephydra,
Caenia . 119
cyaneiventris, Ptilosphen, Calo-
hata .346
cylindrica, Poroblatta. 60
decipiens, Eurycotis. 48
despecta, Scatophila, Scatella . .. 129
dichaeta, Lamproscatella, Sea-
teUa . 125
Dictynerius (see pluricellatus)
dilator, Taeniaptera. 354
dispar, Nerius. 316
distenta, Micropeza. 359
diversa, Scipopus, Calobata .326
Doleromorpha (Braun). 16
(see also porphyria)
Dryadoblatta (Rehn). 56
(see also scotti)
durus, Nerius.317
edwardsi, Omus.79*
Elachistidae. 9
INDEX
395
elongata, Pseudosymploce. 22
enderleini, Ptilosphen (Cresson). 346
Endomychus {see crassicomis,
fuscus, pallidus)
Epermenia (see bidentata)
Epenneniidae. 14
Ephydra (see albula, aquila,
breviventris, cavicepe, cesta,
coarctata, cribrata, curvi-
cauda, fossarum, fumosa,
glauca, interrupta, inter-
stincta, leucostoma, littor-
alis, lutosa, macellaria, me-
lanostoma, micans, minuta,
paludum, palustris, picti-
penniS) posticata, pusilla,
quadrata, quadriguttata,
quadripunctata, riparia,
rufipes, salinaria, sibilans,
stagnalia, stenhammari,
sticta, subguttata)
Ephydridae. 93
Epistrophe (see Syrphiis)
Erebia (see avinoflS, fasciata,
atreckeri)
Eurycotis (see decipiens, impro-
cera, lixa, similis, tibialis)
Eustigoptera (Cresson). 126
(see also pauciguttata, qnad-
rata, stenhammari)
erythrocephala, Scipopus, Calo-
bata . 325
exasperata, Nepticula (Braun).. 17
facetus, Ptilosphen.348
faeroensis, Lamproscatella, Sea-
tella . 126
fasciata, Erebia. 149
faticana, Cariblatta (Rehn). 20*
fclnorata, Hydrina, PhUygria ... 98
fenestrata, Hyadina. 103
fenestrata, Philygria. 97
filosus, Glyphidops, Nerius .313
flavicauda, Systellapha.323
flavifrons, Nerius, Cerantichir ,.. 316
flavipes, Grallomyia, Calohata. .. 340
flavipes, Hydrina, Notiphila .... 96
flavosignatus, Syrphus (Hull).. .139*
footei, Systellapha.322
formicarius, Cryogonus, Micro-
peza . 362
fossarum, Napaea, Ephydra. ... 112
fratercula, Ncsomylacris (Rehn). 25*
frit, Scipopus. 327
frontalis, Parasphen (Cresson).. 336
fuchsi, Omus. 78*
fugitans, Bucculatrix (Braun)... 15
fumosa, Coenia, Ephydra^ Caenia 118
fumosay Pyrgus . 135
furcatus, Meromacrus (Hull)... 143
fuscopunctolla, Telphusa. 7
fusca, Teichomyza. 112
ftiscuSf Endomychis . 377
Gelechiidae. 2
gentilis, Ptilosphen (Cresson)... 348
gilvimana Rainieria.319
glabricala, Notiphila . 104
glauca, Ephydra. 115
Glyphidops (see filosus)
gorgonis, Lamproblatta (Rehn). 32*
Gracilariidae. 11
Grallomyia. 337'
(see also aeripennis, annu-
lata, bonitoensis, buseki,
flavipes, ichneumonea, lauta,
luridilabris, planitibia, rufi-
facies, scutoUata, stellata,
tarsata, testacea, vittipen-
nis)
Grallopoda . 349
(see also lasciva)
grandis, Licodia (Rehn).365*
grissefasciella, Anacampsis. 8
guianae, Pelmatosilpha. 43
guttata, Hyadina, Notiphila .... 101
guttipennis, Calobata.324
guttulipennis, Cliobata, Scipopus 324
haemorrhoidaliSf Phymaphora . . . 377
Halmapota (see salinaria)
hamifera, Scatophila.129
harenosus, Plocoscelus (Cresson) 333
396
INDEX
Hesperia (see tessellata)
Hesperiidae. 133
Homalopteryx (see scotti)
humeralis, Hyadina. 102
Hyadina (see fenestrata, guttata,
humeralis, nitida, pullipes,
rufipes)
Hydrina. 93
(see also femorata, flavipes,
interrupta, interstincta, ma-
culipennis, morans, nubecu-
losa, ochracea, picta, pos-
ticata, punctatonervosa,
sticta, tirolis, trilineata)
ichneumonea, Grallomyia, Caio-
baia, Piilosphen .344
improcera, Eurycotis (Rehn)... 48*
incancUa, LithocoUetis. 11
infestus, Mesoeonius.324
intennediue, Oinus. 78*
intermixta, LithocoUetis (Braun) 11
interrupta, Hydrina, Ephydra. . 99
interstincta, Hydrina, Notiphiha^
Philydria . 95
interstinctaf Ephydra^ Hydrina^
PhUygria . 94
laevigata, Nyctibora. 58
laevigata, Scatophila, Scatella .,. 129
laevis, Omus. 78*
Lamproblatta. 27
(see also albipalpus, ancis>
troides, gorgonis, meridio-
nalis, mimetes, romani, za-
morensis)
Lamproscatella. 125
(see also dichaeta, faeroensis,
quadrisetosa, sibilans)
lasciva, Taeniaptera, Musca^
cidohalaj GraJlopoda .350
lata, Pelmatosilpha. 43
lauta, GraUomyia (Cresson).... 345
locontei, Omus.78*
lespedezae, Aristotelia (Braun).. 2
leucosiomai Ephydra . 128
Licodia.364
(see also cerberus, grandis,
obliqua, paUipes)
Liesthini, Revision of.375
limbativertex, Scipopus.328
LithocoUetis (see aberrans, alni,
alnicolella, celtifoliella, in-
caneUa, intermixta)
litoraliSf Napaea^ Parydra . 108
littoralis, Napaea, Ephydra . 108
livida, Taeniaptera. 354
lixa, Eurycotis (Rehn). 45*
longicornis, Odontoloxozus, Ner-
ills .313
Longina (see abdominalis, vitta-
tus)
longipeSf Musca, Nerius, Colo-
halOy Cardicephala . S30
lugubris, Baccha. 140
lunatOy Calobata . 350
lunus, Atrytonopsis.137*
luridilabris, GraUom 3 ria.343
Lutosa.364
lutosa, ScateUa, Ephydra . 122
Lycoperdina (see apicalis, crassi-
cornis, puncticoUis, unicolor)
Lyonetiidae. 15
Lytogaster (see abdominalis)
macellaria, Ephydra. 114
macu, Pelmatosilpha (Rehn).... 39*
maculipennis, Hydrina. 94
madida, Muzoa (Rehn). 52*
Megacephala (see Tetracha)
MegachUe (Index to Neotropical
species wiU be found on
pages 303-305)
magophila, Cosmopteryx. 9
melaneuris, Scipopus.328
meUmostomaf Ephydra, . 96
meridionalis, Lamproblatta, Sty--
Uypyga, BlaUa . 37*
Meromacrus (see furcatus)
Mesoconius (see infestus)
Mesogramma (see vitrascens)
INDEX
397
Metapobrachia 360
(iree also obscura, recta,
eagittifer, subrecta)
micans, Setacera, Ephydra 116
Micropeza 356
(see also appendiculata, bi-
annulata, distenta, formi-
carius, obscura, recta, sagit-
tifer, stigmatica, subrecta,
ventralis, verticalis)
Micropezidae 317
mimetes, Lamproblatta (Rehn) 29*
mimicus, Rilosphen (Cresson) 348
Mimomyrmecia 329
mtntiUif Ephydra 96
miranha, Pelmatosilpha (Rehn) 41*
mitis, Napaea (Cresson) 110
Mitromyia (Cresson) 329
(see also conifer)
modestus, Plocoscelus (Cresson) 334
monachus, Syrphus (Hull) 140*
montivagus, Pyrgus 135
morans, Hydnna (Cresson) 98
munda, Taeniaptera, Calohatay
Grallomyia 352
Musca (see lasciva, longipes)
Muzoa 51
(see also madida, simplex)
myrmex, Plocoscelus, Cardia-
cephala 332
Napaea (see coarctata, ^onsors,
fossarum, litoralis, littoralis,
mitis, nigritarsis, nubecula,
pusiUa, quadripunctata)
Napaeinae (Cresson) 100
Nauclidas (Rehn) 58
(see also nigra)
nebulosa, Raimeria, Calobata 318
Necrtocephalus 356
(see also appendiculata)
Nepticula (see exasperata, rosae-
fohella)
Nepticuhdae 17
Neriidae 312
Nerius 314
(see also dispar, durus, 61o-
sus, flavifrons, longicorms,
longipes, pilifer, pluricel-
latus, robusta, vittatus)
Nesomylacris (see cubensis, frat-
ercula, relica)
nigra, Nauchdas, Parasphaena 59
nigra, Plocoscelus Cardiacephala 335
nigra, Recurvaria 6
mgncavday Fhilygna 97
nigripennis, Philotelma, Noti-
pkiUiy PsevdoscaltUa 120
nigritarsis, Napaea, Parydra 109
mtida^ Hyadina lOS
nodosa, Baccha (Hull) 141*
Notiphila (see aenea, flavipes,
glabricula, guttata, inter-
stmcta, nigripenms, picta,
punctatonervosa, quadrata)
nubecula, Napaea, Parydra 111
nubeculosa, Hydnna, Phxlygna 100
nunenmacheri, Omus 79*
Nyctibora 51
(see also laevigata)
obliqua, Licodia 365
oblitcrata, Taeniaptera lasciva
(Cresson) 351
obscura, Mt tapobrachia. Micro-
peza 361
ochracea, Hydrma 99
Odontoloxozus (see longicorms,
punctulatus)
Omus, List of species 77
{see also ambiguus, angusto-
cylindricuB, audoumi, bore¬
alis, califormcus, edwardsi,
fuchsi, intermedius, laevis,
lecontei, nunemacheri, par-
vicollis, pimctifrons, sequoi-
arum, vandykei)
opacus, Scipopus 328
orcus, P)rrgus 136*
398
INDEX
j>aUidu8j Endomychiuf . S80
pallipes, Licodia.365
palpilineella, Stomopteryx. 8
paludum, Scatella, Ephydra .... 123
palustria, Coenia, Ephydra .119
panamaensis, Systellapha.322
Parasphaeria {see nigra, rufipes)
Parasphen {see frontalis)
parens, Taeniaptera.352
parvicollis, Omus. 78*
Parydra {see aquila, nubecula,
litoralis, nigritarsis, pubera)
pauciguttata, Eustigoptera, Sca¬
tella . 127
pedalis, Setacera (Cresson). 117
Pelina {see aenea, aencscens)
Pelmatosilpha, Alaris group of.. 38
{see also alaris, aterrima,
convexa, guianae, lata, macu,
miranha, praestans, rotun-
data)
penidUiLSf Sdpopm . S26
Periplaneta {see alaris, aterrima)
personata, Pseudosymploce
(Rehn).22*
Philotelma {see anomala, nigri-
pennis)
Philygria. 98
{see also abdominalis, fcmo-
rata, fenestrata, interstincta.
nigricauda, nubeculosa, sex-
maculata, trilineata)
Phiiygriola {see picta)
Ph 3 rmaphora.383
{see also californica, haemor-
rhoidalis, pulchella)
picinus, Plocoscelus.334
picta, Nostima, Notiphilaj Hy-
drinOf Phiiygriola . 101
pictipenniSf Ephydra . 95
pigmento-signata, Cicindela for-
mosa (Horn). 76
pilifer, Nerius.314
Pinaconota . 56
placida, Systellapha, Calobata ... 323
placidoides, Systellapha.323
planitibia, Taeniaptera, Gral-
lomyia .353
platycnema, Taeniaptera, Calo-
haiay Rhoedus .331, 352
pleuralis, Rainieria (Cresson)... 321
Plocoscelus.331
{see also arthritica, hare-
nosus, modestus, myrmex,
nigra, picinus, punctipennis,
schildi, townsendi)
pluricellatus, Dictynerius, Nerius 313
pluto, Poroblatta (Rehn). 60*
podagrica, Calobata. 333
porphyria, Doleromorpha
(Braun). 16
Poroblatta {see apatela, cylin-
drica, pluto)
posticata, Hydrina, Ephydra .... 97
posticatay Hydrina . 98
praestansy Pelmatosilpha . 48
Pseudoscatella {see nigripennis)
Pseudosymploce (see elongata,
personata, schistopyga)
psoraleae, Aristotelia (Braun)... 3
Ptilosphen.345
(see also comis, conveniens,
ryaneiventris, enderleini, fa-
cetus, gentilis, ichneumonea.
mimicus, tetrastigma)
pubera, Parydra. 106
pulchrifrons, Systellapha.322
pulchella, Phymaphora.383*
puUipes, Hyadina (Cresson).... 103
punctatonervosa, Hydrina, Noti-
phila . 94
puncticoUiSy Lycoperdina . 888
punctifrons, Omus.78*
pimetipennis, Plocoscelus, Calo-
bata .332
punctulatuSy Odontolozozus . 818
pusilla, Napaea, Ephydra .Ill
Pyrgus (see communis, fumosa,
montivagus, orcus, syrich-
tides, syrichtus)
INDEX
399
quadrata, Eustigoptera, Noti-
phiUif Ephydra 127
quadriguttata, Scatophila, Ephy-
dray Scaiella 130
quadripunctata, Napaea, Ephy¬
dra 107
quadrisetosa, Lamproscatella,
Scaiella 126
Ramiena 318
(see aUo alternata, baracoa,
bracteata, gilvimana, nebu-
losa, pleurahs, tntaeniolata,
uda)
recta, Metapobrachia, Micropeza 360
Recurvaria (see consunilis, nigra)
recdiy Cryogonus 362
rclica, Nesomylacris 25
rejicntmua, Chremon (Rehn) 88*
Rhams 376
(see aho imicolor)
Rhoecius 330
(ste oho platyenema)
nparia, Ephydra 113
robusta, Nerius, Brachanhehtr 315
roman i, Lamproblatta (Rehn) 35*
rosaefoliella, Nepticula 17
roseosuffusella, Aristotolia 5
rotundata, Pelmatosilpha 39*, 55
rufifacies, Grallomyia, Calobata 338
rulipes, Hyadina, Ephydra 102
rufipes, Perasphaena 58
sagittifer, Metapobrachia, Micro-
pern 360
salmaria, Halmapota, Ephydra 112
sancti-pauli, Scatella 123
Satyridae 149
Scatella (see brunmpenms, buc-
cata, callosicosta, despccta,
dichaeta, faeroensis, laevi¬
gata, lutosa, paludum,
pauciguttata, quadrisetosa,
sancti-pauli, silacea, stag-
nalis, stcnhammari, subgut-
tata)
Scatophila 128
(see aho caviceps, cribrata,
despecta, hamdera, laevi¬
gata, quadriguctata, sub-
guttata)
schildi, Plocoscelus (Cresson) 334
schistopyga, Pseudosymploce .. 22
Scipopus 324
(see aho belzebul, carta-
boensis, diversa, eiythro-
cephala, frit, guttulipenms,
limbativertex, melaneuns,
opacus, pemcillus)
scotti, Dryadoblatta, Homalop-
teryx 56
scurra, Systellapha 323
scutellata, Grallomyia (Cresson) 341
Senoceria (Hull) 144
(see aho spimfemorata)
sequoiarum, Omus 78*
Setacera (Cresson) 116
(see aho breviventns, mi-
cans, pedalis)
sexmaculatOy Philygiia 94
sibilans, Lamprosc atella, Ephy¬
dra 125
silacea, Scatell i 124
similis, Euryiotife 48
simplex, Muaoa 52
spimiemorata, Senoceria (Hull) 145*
spinuliger, Systellapha 323
stagnalis, Scatella, Ephydra 121
stellata, Grallomyia, Caiohata 341
stenhammari, Eustigoptera,
Ephydray Scatdla 128
StenogrylluB 87
sticta, Hydrina, Ephydra 95
stigmatica, Micropeza 358
Stephensia (see cunilae)
Stethorhanis (Blaisdell) 380
(see aho vandykei)
Stomopteryx (see adversa, an-
thyllidella, crotalariella, pal-
pilincella)
streckeri, Erebia (Holland) 153
400
INDEX
Stylopyga (see meridionalis, xa-
morensis)
Styphon (Rehn). 62
(see also bakeri)
Bubguttata, Scatella, Epkydra ,.. 124
subrecta, Metapobrachia, Micro-
peza .360
oyriMideSf Pyrgua . 1S6
syrichtus, Pyrgus.136
Syrphidae. 139
Syrphus {jaee flavosignatus, mo
nachus)
Systellapha.321
{see also baracoa, bracteata,
cantata, cristulata, flavi-
cauda, footei, panamaensis,
placida, placidoides, pulchri-
frons, Bcurra, spinuliger)
Taeniaptera. 349
(jsee also angulata, dilator,
lasciva, livida, munda, ob-
literata, parens, planitibia,
platycnema, trivittata, vo-
lens, vulpes)
Tanipoda . 318
Tanypoda . 318
{see also tritaeniolata)
tarsata, Grallomyia, Calohata ... 338
Tatuomyia. 144
Teichomyza {see fusca)
Telmatobia {see aenescens)
Telostylus {see vittatus)
Telpimsa {see amelanchierella,
fuscopunctella)
Tenthes (Cresson).354
{see also citatus)
Terminology of Diptera.310*
tephriasdlaf Anaoampsis . 9
tmellalaf Hesperia . 138
testacea, Grallomyia, Coikbala,. 343
Tetracha, List of Bpedes. 79
tetrafitigma, Rilosphen, Colo-
bate.347
tibialis, Eurycotis. 46
Tineidw. 16
tirolis, Hydrina (Cresson). 99
townsendi, Plocoscelus (Cresson) 335
trilineata, Hydrina, Philygria ... 98
triluminata, Cardicephala (Cres¬
son).330
tristis, Baccha (Hull).140*
tritaeniolata, Rainieria, Tany¬
poda .319
trmttalay Taeniaptera . 360
Tylos . 366
uda, Rainieria (Cresson).320
unicolor, Rhanis, Lycoperdina .. .377* ^
vandykei, Omus.78*
vandykei, Stethorhanis (Blais-
dell).381*
ventralis, Micropeza (Cresson).. 356
verticalis, Micropeza (Cresson). 357
vitrascens, Mesogramma (Hull). 142
vittatus, Longina, Nerius .312
vittatus f Telostylus . 313
vittipennis, Grallomyia, Calohata 340
volens, Taeniaptera.353
Volucella (sefe chlorosa)
vulpes, Taeniaptera.353
zamorensis, Lamproblatta, Stylo¬
pyga .29*
7
REHN—NEOTROPICAL BLATTIDAE
Explanation op Plate VII
Penes of various races of Omtts calif amicus Esch.
Fig. 1 .—audouini Reiche
Fig. 2.—boreoiM Casey
Pig. 3.—boreo/ts Casey
Fig. 4 .—barealxs Casey
Fig. 6.—borcoZw Casey
Fig. 6 .—ambiguus Sohaupp
Fig. 7.--vandykei W. Horn
Fig. 8 .—vandyket W. Horn
Fig. ^,--<xl%forrUcu8 typicus
Fig. 10.---€ait/omtct«typ«n<s(typeof
hamianus W. Horn)
Fig. 11 .—lecontei G. Horn
Fig. 12 .—ifUermedtuB Leng, and par-
vicollis Casey
Fig. 13,—/ucbst W. Horn
Fig. 14.—/ttcbw W. Horn
Fig. 16.—/wcbst W, Horn
Fig. 16.—Casey
Fig. 17.—puncftifrons Casey
Fig. 18.—pimc^t/rorw Casey
Fig, 19 .—seqiunarum Crotch
Fig. 20 .—sequoiarum Crotch
Fig. 21 .—laevis form apacdlus Casey
Fig. 22.—edttwrdri Crotch
Fig. 23.—nunenmocberi W. Horn and
irUermeduhpranotalis W*
Horn
Fig. 24.—lanipis^o^tindricus W.
Horn
Fig. 26 .—angusUhcylindricus W.
Horn
"llan‘^ Vin lait S<)< , Vol L\ I
V\ Mil
WILLIAMS AND BELL AMERICAN HESPERIIDAE
ExpiaANation op Plate IX
Fig. 1. —Caeomyia creaaoni. Thorax.
Fig. 2. —Senoceria spini/emorata. Thorax.
Fig. 3. —Cacomyia cresaoni. Hind femur and tibia.
Fig. 4. —Cacomyia cressoni. Lateral view of head.
Fig. 6 . —Senoceria apinifemoraia. Lateral view of head.
Fig. 6 . —Senoceria epinifemarata. Hind femur and tibia.
Fig, 7. —Baccha tristis. Abdomen.
Fig. 8, —Baccha nodoaa. Abdomen.
Fig. 9. —Syrpkus (Epistrophe) flavoeignatna, ‘ Abdomen.
Fig, 10.—TSyrpfttie {Epiatrophe) Trwnachua, Lateral view of head.
Trans. Am. Vmi . S<)(\, Vol. lA’l.
PI. X.
HILARIMOKPHA
OTOMITA
tOCKEBKLLI
MITCHELL—NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE
Trans. Am. Ent. Hoc., Vol. LVI.
PI. XII.
rniETANA
ILLUSTRIS
AGRESTIS
cr
U—
MANAOSEXSIS
DIGXA
ARABILIS
FLAVnilRSlTTA
FURCATA
ANTIQUA
PERITA
ahnoh.mis
BLANDA
ANTHIDIOIDES AE«KA
CLARA TRUCIS
AUREA
TtTRPIS
DOXATA
TURBULEXTA
AIKRBA
CARA
ARDITA
3iOBlLI3
MITCHELL—NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE
Trails. Am. Ent. See, Vol LVI.
PI. XIII.
STERILIS
8A^TAREMBN'3I8
INDULGErfS
BLNIGNA
BiNKSI
CORD0VSN818
OTOMITV
StAVIS
UHW
A7TRA
IMMAMS
^ OD O
MOJJUiESSM C1T,1,H
MITCHELL—NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE
Trans. Am. Ent. Soe., Vol. LVI.
PI. XIV.
8I1IPU01PM IMPTOEIfS CLWJTBOJI
MITCHELL—NEOTROPICAL MEGACHILE
Am, Eirt. Soc,, VoL LVI
BLAISDELL—NORTH AMERICAN LIESTHINI
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